02072 -MINOR DEMOLITION FOR REMODELING · Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library...

02072 - MINOR DEMOLITION FOR REMODELING

PART 1- GENERAL

1.01 SUMMARY

A. Cutting and removal indicated on the Drawings are general indications only and do notnecessarily show the full extent of cutting and removal which may be required by job conditions.

B. The Contractor shall inspect and assess each space and fulfill the intent of the work required bythe Contract Documents. Deviations from the Contract Documents required by field conditionsshall be brought to the attention of the Architect before proceeding.

C. Verify or establish all existing conditions and dimensions before proceeding with any portion of thework.

D. Provide and maintain all bracing and shoring required to maintain the structural integrity of the

building during the alterations.

1.02 SUBMITTALS

A. Submit a schedule of removal operations, and the proposed manner of blocking off removal areas.

1.03 JOB CONDITIONS

A. Owner assumes no responsibility for actual condition of items or structures to be demolished.Conditions existing at time of inspection for bidding purposes will be maintained by Owner insofaras practicable. However, minor variations within structure may occur by Owner's removal andsalvage operations prior to start of selective demolition work.

B. Items deemed by the Contractor to be salvageable, but not identified herein or on the Drawings tobe handed over to the Owner shall be transported from the site as they are removed. Storage orsale of removed items on site will not be permitted.

1.04 REGULATIONS

A. Comply with the A.S.A. "Standard Safety Code for Building Construction."

1.05 STORAGE

A. Protect all existing equipment not designated to be removed.

B. Perform all work required to protect the public and utilities.

C. Flame Cutting: Do not use cutting torches for removal until work area is cleared of flammablematerials. At concealed spaces, such as interior of ducts and pipe spaces, verify condition of

The Modelle Plan Studio 02072-1Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Minor Demolition for Remodeling

hidden space before starting flame-cutting operations. Maintain portable fire suppression devices

during flame-cutting operations.

PART 2 - PROCEDURES

2.01 MATERIALS

A. Carefully remove materials indicated for reuse or delivery to the Owner.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 PREPARATION

A. Obtain the Architect's approval of precautionary measures, utility cappiing and confirmation ofremoval schedule before proceeding.

B. Erect guard rails, dust proof enclosures, chutes, catch platforms, shoring and bracing required forhuman safety and property protection and to keep dust and dirt to a minimum.

3.02 DEMOLITION

A. Do not use explosives in demolition or removal of work.

B. Perform selective demolition work in a systematic manner. Use such methods as required tocomplete work indicated on Drawings in accordance with demolition schedule and governingregulations.

C. Hold dust and dirt t a minimum by wetting down, as required. Do not allow debris to accumulate.Conduct loading and hauling in a careful manner to keep the route to disposal area free of debris.On site burning of materials will not be permitted.

D. Adopt a method for controlling and scheduling loud noises during school hours.

E. Demolish concrete and masonry in small sections. Cut concrete and masonry at junctures withconstruction to remain using power-driven masonry saw or hand tools; do not use power-drivenimpact tools.

F Locate demolition equipment throughout structure and promptly remove debris to avoid imposingexcessive loads on supporting walls, floors, or framing.

3.03 REMOVALS

A. Supervision of the removal of materials designated for reuse shall be conducted by the traderequired to install each material.

B. Perform all cutting and removal required for alteration work carefully, causing no damage to


existing materials left in place.

C. Perform all removal work in small portions, using bars, chisels, etc.

D. Lightly sprinkle all debris as it is being piled and loaded.

3.04 INSTALLATION

A. When in-filling existing openings, the in-fill materials shall be finished to match existing adjacentsurfaces, unless otherwise noted.

B. Provide control joints where new partitions abut existing construction.

C. Provide framed openings for duct penetrations, including lintels required. Seal space betweenducts and wall materials.

D. Pipe, duct and conduit holes, either existing or resulting from the work requirements, shall be filledin to match adjacent existing work.

3.05 DISPOSAL

A. Remove all materials as a result of demolition from the site and dispose of by legal means.

3.06 CLEANING

A. At completion of the work, clean the entire area involved and leave it in a neat condition, free ofrubbish and debris.

END OF SECTION


02100 - SITE PREPARATION

PART 1- GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK

A. Work under this section applies to the Otto Bruyns Library Addition.

B. Site clearing includes, but is not limited to:

1. Protection of existing trees indicated to remain.2. Removal of trees and other vegetation.3. Removal of bituminous pavement and concrete walkways and curbing.4. Removal of existing storm drainage system.5. Removal and relocation of Storage Shed.6. Topsoil stripping.8. Clearing and grubbing.

C. Refer to the Drawings for additional sitework preparation requirements. Where differences occur in thescope of work or project requirements, the most extensive scope and most stringent project requirements shallapply to the work and shall be included within the bid.

1.02 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Conduct site clearing operations to ensure minimum interference with roads, streets, driveways,parking lots, walks, play areas and other adjacent occupied or used facilities. Do not close or obstructstreets, walks or other occupied or used facilities without permission from authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Provide protections necessary to prevent damage to existing improvements indicated to remain in

place.

1. Protect improvements on adjoining properties and on Owner's property

2. Restore damaged improvements to their original condition, as acceptable to parties havingjurisdiction.

C. Protect existing trees and other vegetation to remain in place against unnecessary cutting,breaking or skinning of roots, skinning and bruising of bark, smothering of trees by stockpiling constructionmaterials or excavated materials within drip line, excess foot or vehicular traffic, or parking of vehicleswithin drip line. Provide temporary guards to protect trees and vegetation to be left standing.

PART 2- PRODUCTS

NOT APPLICABLE

PART 3- EXECUTION

The Modelle Plan Studio 02100-1Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Site Preparation

3.01 SITE CLEARING

A. topsoil is defined as friable clay loam surface soil found in a depth of not less than 4". Satisfactorytopsoil is reasonably free of subsoil, clay lumps, stones, and other objects over 2" in diameter, and withoutweeds, roots, and other objectionable material.

1. Strip topsoil to whatever depths encountered in a manner to prevent intermingling withunderlying subsoil or other objectionable material. Remove heavy growths of grass from areasbefore stripping topsoil. All topsoil shall remain on Owner's property.2. Stockpile topsoil in storage piles in areas shown, or where directed. Construct storage piles tofreely drain surface water.3. Excess topsoil shall be trucked to an on-site location where indicated by owner during finishsitework operations. Smooth out excess storage piles and apply lawn seed.4. Immediately upon completion of stockpiling topsoil, the Contractor shall locate, measure andcalculate the total cubic volume of material removed and stockpiled for reuse. Submit quantitycalculations to Architect.5. Provide additional approved topsoil if quantity of stockpiled topsoil is insufficient at no cost tothe Owner nor delay to the work.

3.02 DISPOSAL OF WASTE MATERIALS

A. Burning is not permitted on Owners property

B. Remove waste materials and unsuitable soil from Owner's property and dispose of off site in legalmanner.

C. Waste materials and unsuitable soil shall not be allowed to accumulate at the site. All such materialsshall be removed promptly after excavation or removal.

3.03 RELOCATION OF EXISTING STORAGE SHED

A. Items currently stored in existing shed shall be removed by Owner.

B. Relocate existing storage shed to location indicated on drawing. Move shed in assembled condition insingle operation.

C. Exercise all means necessary to move shed without damage to the structure or components of theshed.

D. Provide clear, level and stable area as required for permanent installation. Relocate existing block

supports below shed and adjust as required for level floor condition. Reinstall existing wood entry riser.

E. Repair any damage sustained by shed in relocating it and restore to original condition.

END OF SECTION

The Modelle Plan Studio 02100-2Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Site Preparation

02200 - EARTHWORK

PART 1- GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions andDivision 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes, but is not necessarily limited to, the following:

1. General building and site excavation.2. Preparation of subgrde for building slabs, walks and pavements.3. Subbase material for concrete paving.4. Drainage fill course for support of building slabs.5. Backfilling and trenching within building lines.6. Excavating and backfilling for underground mechanical and electrical utilities and

appurtenances.

B. Related Sections: The following Sections contain requirements that relate to this Section.

4. Division 15 and 16 Sections for excavating and backfilling buried mechanical and electricalutilities and buried utility structures.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. Backfill: Soil materials used to fill an excavation.

1. Initial Backfill: Backfill placed beside and over pipe in a trench, including haunches to supportsides of pipe.

2. Final Backfill: Backfill placed over initial backfill to fill a trench.

B. Base Course: layer placed between the subbase course and asphalt paving.

C. Bedding Course: Layer placed over the excavated subgrade in a trench before laying pipe.

D. Borrow: Satisfactory soil imported from off-site for use as fill or backfill.

E. Drainage Course: Layer supporting slab-on-grade used to minimize capillary flow of pore water.

F Excavation: Removal of material encountered above subgrade elevations.

G. Fill: Soil materials used to raise existing grades.

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H. Rock: Rock material in beds, ledges, unstratified masses, and conglomerate deposits and boulders ofrock material exceeding 1 cu. yd. (0.76 cu. m) for bulk excavation of cu. yd. (0.57 cu. m) for footing,trench, and pit excavation that cannot be removed by rock excavating equipment equivalent to thefollowing in size and performance ratings, without systematic drilling, ram hammering, ripping, or blasting,when permitted:

1. Excavation of Trenches and Pits: Late-model, track-mounted hydraulic excavator; equippedwith a 42-inch-(1 065-mm-) wide, shorl-lip radius rock bucket; rated and not less than 120-hp (89-kw) flywheel power with bucket-curling force of not less than 25,000 lbf (111 kN) and stick-crowdforce of not less than 18,700 lbf (83 kN); measured according to SAE J-1 179.

2. Bulk Excavation: Late-model, track-mounted loader; rated at not less than 210-hp (1 57-kW)flywheel power and developing a minimum of 45,000 lbf (200-kN) breakout force; measuredaccording to SAE J-732.

I. Rock: Rock material in beds, ledges, unstratified masses, and conglomerate deposits and boulders ofrock material % cu. yd. (0.57 cu. m) or more in volume that when tested by an independent geotechnicaltesting agency, according to ASTM D 1586, exceeds a standard penetration resistence of 100 blows/2inches (97 blows/50 mm).

J. Structures: Buildings, footings, foundations, retaining walls, slabs, tanks, curbs, mechanical andelectrical appurtenances, or other man-made stationary features constructed above or below the groundsurface.

K. Subbase Course: Layer placed between the subgrade and base course for asphalt paving, or layerplaced between the subgrade and a concrete pavement or walk.

L. Subgrade: Surface or elevation remaining after completing excavation, or top surface of a fill or backfillimmediately below subbase, drainage fill, or topsoil materials.

M. Utiliities include on-site underground pipes, conduits, ducts, and cables, as well as underground

services within buildings.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. General: Submit the following according to the Conditions of the Contract and Division 1 SpecificationSections.

B. Product data for the following:

1. Each type of plastic warning tape.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Codes and Standards: Perform earthwork complying with requirements of authorities having

The Modelle Plan Studio 02200-2Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Earthwork

jurisdiction.

B. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site to comply with requirements of Division1 Section "Project Meetings".

1.6 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt existing utilities serving facilities occupied by the Owner or othersexcept when permitted in writing by the Architect and then only after acceptable temporary utility serviceshave been provided.

1. Provide a minimum 48-hours notice to the Architect and receive written notice to proceedbefore interrupting any utility.

B. Demolish and completely remove from site existing underground utilities indicated to be removedCoordinate with utility companies to shutoff services if lines are active.

PART 2- PRODUCTS

2.1 SOIL MATERIALS

A. General: Provide approved borrow soil materials from off-site when sufficient approved soil materialsare not available from excavations.

B. Satisfactory Soil Materials: ASTM D 2487 soil classification groups GW, GP, GM, SW, SP, and SM; freeof rock or gravel larger than 2 inches in any dimension, debris, waste, frozen materials, vegetation andother deleterious matter.

C. Unsatisfactory Soil Materials: ASTM D 2487 soil classification groups GC, SC, ML, MH, CL, CH, OL,OH, and PT.

D. Backfill and Fill Materials: Satisfactory soil materials. Backfilling with concrete, masonry, cinders andconstruction debris is not permitted.

E. Subbase and Base Material: Naturally or artificially graded mixture of natural or crushed gravel,crushed stone, and natural or crushed sand, ASTM D 2940, with at least 95 percent passing a 1-1/2-inchsieve and not more than 8 percent passing a No. 200 sieve.

F Engineered Fill: Subbase or base materials.

G. Bedding Material: Subbase or base materials with 100 percent passing a 1-inch sieve and not morethan 8 percent passing a No. 200 sieve,

H. Drainage Fill: Washed, evenly graded mixture of crushed stone, or crushed or uncrushed gravel, ASTM448, coarse aggregate grading size 57, with 100 percent passing a 1-1/2-inch sieve and not more than 5percent passing a No. 8 sieve.


I. Filtering Material: Evenly graded mixture of natural or crushed gravel or crushed stone and natural sand,

with 100 percent passing a 1-1/2-inch sieve and 0 to 5 percent passing a No. 50 sieve.

J. Impervious Fill: Clayey gravel and sand mixture capable of compacting to a dense state.

2.2 ACCESSORIES

A. Warning Tape: Acid-and alkali-resistant polyethylene film warning tape manufactured for marking andidentifying underground utilities, 6 inches wide and 4 mils thick, continuously inscribed with a descriptionof the utility.

B. Detectable Warning Tape: Acid- and alkali-resistant polyethylene film warning tape manufactured formarking and identifying underground utilities, 6 inches wide and 4 mils thick minimum, continuouslyinscribed with a description of the utility, with metallic core encased in a protective jacket for corrosionprotection, detectable by metal detector when tape is buried up to 2'-6" deep.

1. Tape Colors: Provide tape colors to utilities as follows:

a. Yellow: Gas.

b. Blue: Water systems.

c. Green: Sewer Systems.

PART 3 -EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities from damage caused bysettlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and other hazards created by earthwork operations.

B. Protect subgrades and foundation soils against freezing temperatures or frost. Provide protectiveinsulating materials as necessary

C. Provide erosion control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of soils and discharge of soil-bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways.

3.2 DEWATERING

A. Prevent surface water and subsurface or ground water from entering excavations, from ponding onprepared subgrades, and from flooding Project site and surrounding area.

B. Protect subgrades and foundation soils from softening and damage by rain or water accumulation.

3.3 EXCAVATION


A. Explosives: Do not use explosives.

B. Unclassified Excavation: Excavation is unclassified and includes excavation to required subgradeelevations regardless of the character of materials and obstructions encountered.

C. Classified Excavation: Excavation is classified and includes excavation to required subgradeelevations. Excavation will be classified as earth excavation or rock excavation as follows:

1. Earth excavation includes excavation of pavements and other obstructions visible on surface;underground structures, utilities, and other items indicated to be demolished and removed;together with soil and other materials encountered that are not classified as rock or unauthorizedexcavation.

a. Intermittent drilling or ripping to increase production and not necessary to permit

excavation of material encountered will be classified as earth excavation.

5. Rock excavation will be paid by change order per the Contract Documents.

6. Do not excavate rock until it has been classified and cross-sectioned by Architect.

3.4 STABILITY OF EXCAVATIONS

A. Comply with local codes, ordinances, and requirements of authorities having jurisdiction to maintainstable excavations.

3.5 EXCAVATION FOR STRUCTURES

1. Excavation for Underground Mechanical or Electrical Appurtenances: Excavate to elevationsand dimensions indicated within a tolerance of plus or minus 0.10 foot. Do not disturb bottom ofexcavations intended for bearing surface.

3.6 EXCAVATION FOR UTILITY TRENCHES

A. Excavate trenches to indicated slopes, lines, depths, and invert elevations.

B. Excavate trenches to uniform widths to provide a working clearance on each side of pipe or conduit.Excavate trench walls vertically from trench bottom to 24 inches higher than top of pipe or conduit, unlessotherwise indicated.

1. Clearance: 12 inches each side of pipe.

C. Trench Bottoms: Excavate and shape trench bottoms to provide uniform bearing and support of pipes.Shape subgrade to provide continuous support from pipes and for joints, fittings, and bodies of conduits.Remove stones and sharp objects to avoid point loading.


1. For pipes and conduit 6 inches or larger in nominal diameter, shape bottom of trench to supportbottom 90 degrees of pipe circumference. Fill depressions with tamped sand backfill.

2. Where encountering rock or another unyielding bearing surface, carry trench excavation 6

inches below invert elevation to receive bedding course.

3.7 APPROVAL OF SUBGRADE

A. Notify Architect when excavations have reached required subgrade.

B. When Architect determines that unforeseen unsatisfactory soil is present, continue excavation andreplace with compacted backfill or fill material as directed.

1. Unforeseen additional excavation and replacement material will be paid according to theContract provisions for changes in Work.

C. Reconstruct subgrades damaged by freezing temperatures, frost, rain, accumulated water, orconstruction activities, as directed by the Architect.

3.8 UNAUTHORIZED EXCAVATION

A. Fill unauthorized excavation under foundations or wall footings by extending indicated bottomelevation of concrete foundation or footing to excavation bottom, without altering required top elevation.Lean concrete fill may be used to bring elevations to proper position when acceptable to the Architect.

1. Fill unauthorized excavations under other construction as directed by the Architect.

B. Where indicated widths of utility trenches are exceeded, provide stronger pipe, or special installationprocedures, as required by the Architect.

3.9 STORAGE OF SOIL MATERIALS

A. Stockpile excavated materials acceptable for backfill and fill soil materials, including acceptable borrowmaterials. Stockpile soil materials without intermixing. Place, grade, and shape stockpiles to drain surfacewater. Coverto prevent wind-blown dust.

1. Stockpile soil materials away from edge of excavations. Do not store within drip line ofremaining trees.

3.10 BACKFILL

A. Backfill excavations promptly, but not before completing the following:

1. Acceptance of construction below finish grade including, where applicable, dampproofing,waterproofing, and perimeter insulation.


2. Surveying locations of underground utilities for record documents.

3. Testing, inspecting, and approval of underground utilities.

4. Concrete formwork removal.

5. Removal of trash and debris from excavation.

6. Removal of temporary shoring and bracing, and sheeting.

7. Installing permanent or temporary horizontal bracing on horizontally supported walls.

8. Application of termiticide.

3.11 UTILITY TRENCH BACKFILL

A. Place and compact bedding course on rock and other unyielding bearing surfaces and to fillunauthorized excavations. Shape bedding course to provide continuous support for pipes and for joints,fittings, and bodies of conduits.

1. Carefully compact material under pipe haunches and bring backfill evenly up on both sides and

along the full length of utility piping or conduit to avoid damage or displacement of utility system.

B. Coordinate backfilling with utilities testing.

C. Fill voids with approved backfill materials as shoring and bracing, and sheeting is removed.

D. Place and compact final backfill of satisfactory soil material to final subgrade.

E. Install warning tape directly above utilities, 12 inches below finished grade, except 6 inches belowsubgrade under pavements and slabs.

3.12 FILL

A. Preparation: Remove vegetation, topsoil, debris, wet, and unsatisfactory soil materials, obstructions,and deleterious materials from ground surface prior to placing fills.

1. Plow strip, or break up sloped surfaces steeper than 1 vertical to 4 horizontal so fill material willbond with existing surface.

B. When subgrade or existing ground surface to receive fill has a density less than that required for fill,break up ground surface to depth required, pulverize, moisture-condition or aerate soil and recompact torequired density.

C. Place fill material in layers to required elevations for each location listed below.


1. Under grass, use satisfactory excavated or borrow soil material.

2. Under walks and pavements, use subbase or base material, or satisfactory excavated orborrow soil material.

3. Under steps and ramps, use subbase material.

4. Under building slabs, use drainage fill material.

5. Under footings and foundations, use engineered fill.

3.13 MOISTURE CONTROL

A. Uniformly moisten or aerate subgrade and each subsequent fill or backfill layer before compaction towithin 2 percent of optimum moisture content.

1. Do not place backfill or fill material on surfaces that are muddy, frozen, or contain frost or ice.

2. Remove and replace, or scarify and air-dry satisfactory soil material that is too wet to compactto specified density.

a. Stockpile or spread and dry removed wet satisfactory soil material.

3.14 COMPACTION

A. Place backfill and fill materials in layers not more than 8 inches in loose depth for material compactedby heavy compaction equipment, and not more than 4 inches in loose depth for material compacted byhand-operated tampers.

B. Place backfill and fill materials evenly on all sides of structures to required elevations. Place backfill andfill uniformly along the full length of each structure.

C. Percentage of Maximum Dry Density Requirements: Compact soil to not less than the followingpercentages of maximum dry density according to ASTM D 1557:

1. Under lawn or unpaved areas, compact the top 6 inches below subgrade and each layerof backfill or fill material at 90 percent maximum dry density.

2. Structures, building slabs, steps and pavements: compact top 12" of subgrade and eachlayer of backfill or fill material at 95% maximum density.

3. Walkways: compact top 6" of subgrade and each layer of backfill or fill material at 95%maximum density.

3.15 GRADING

A. General: Uniformly grade areas to a smooth surface, free from irregular surface changes. Comply withcompaction requirements and grade to cross sections, lines, and elevations indicated.


1. Provide a smooth transition between existing adjacent grades and new grades.

2. Cut out soft spots, fill low spots, and trim high spots to conform to required surface tolerances.

B. Grading Inside Building Lines: Finish subgrade to a tolerance of / inch when tested with a 10-footstraightedge.

3.16 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Testing Agency Services: Allow testing agency to inspect and test each subgrade and each fill orbackfill layer Do not proceed until test results for previously completed work verify compliance withrequirements.

1. Perform field in-place density tests according to ASTM D 1556 (sand cone method), ASTM D2167 (rubber balloon method), or ASTM D 7937 (drive cylinder method), as applicable.

a. Field in-place density tests may also be performed by the nuclear method according toASTM D 2922, provided that calibration curves are periodically checked and adjusted tocorrelate to tests performed using ASTM D 1556. With each density calibration check,check the calibration curves furnished with the moisture gauges according to ASTI1 D3017.

b. When field in-place density tests are performed using nuclear methods, makecalibration checks of both density and moisture gauges at beginning of work, on eachdifferent type of material encountered, and at intervals as directed by the Architect.

2. Trench Backfill: In each compacted initial and final backfill, later, perform at least one field in-place density test for each 150 feet or less of trench, but no fewer than two tests.

B. When testing agency reports that subgrades, fills, or backfills are below specified density, scarify andmoisten or aerate, or remove and replace soil to the depth required, recompact and retest until requireddensity is obtained.

3.17 PROTECTION

A. Protecting Graded Areas: Protect newly graded areas from traffic, freezing, and erosion. Keep free oftrash and debris.

B. Repair and re-establish grades to specified tolerances where completed or partially completed surfacesbecome eroded, rutted, settled, or lose compaction due to subsequent construction operations or weatherconditions.

1. Scarify or remove and replace material to depth directed by the Architect; reshape andrecompact at optimum moisture content to the required density.


C. Settling: Where settling occurs during the Project correction period, remove finished surfacing, backfillwith additional approved material, compact, and reconstruct surfacing.

1. Restore appearance, quality, and condition of finished surfacing to match adjacent work, and

eliminate evidence of restoration to the greatest extent possible.

3.18 DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS AND WASTE MATERIALS

A. Disposal: Remove surplus satisfactory soil and waste material, including unsatisfactory soil, trash, anddebris, and legally dispose of it off the Owner's property.

B. Disposal: Transport surplus satisfactory soil to designated storage areas on the Owners propertyStockpile or spread soil as directed by Architect.

1. Remove waste material, including unsatisfactory soil, trash, and debris, and legally dispose of itoff the Owner's property.

END OF SECTON 02200

The Modelle Plan Studio 02200- 10Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Earthwork

02514- PORTLAND CEMENT AND CONCRETE PAVING

PART 1- GENERAL


A. Concrete and related materials are specified in Section 03310. Concrete structures requiringfoundations are specified in Section 03310. Concrete testing specified in Section 03310 shall apply towork of this Section.

B. Joint fillers and sealers are specified in Division 7.

1.02 SUBMITTALS

A. Furnish samples, manufacturer's product data, test reports, and materials' certifications as required inreferenced sections for concrete and joint fillers and sealers.

B. Submit delivery tickets as specified in Section 03310.

C. Submit concrete test reports as specified in Section 03310.


A. Comply with local governing regulations if more stringent than herein specified.

1.04 JOB CONDITIONS

A. Maintain access for vehicular and pedestrian traffic as required for other construction activities.

PART 2- PRODUCTS

2.01 MATERIALS

A. Forms: Steel, wood, or other suitable material of size and strength to resist movement during concreteplacement and to retain horizontal and vertical alignment until removal. Use straight forms, free ofdistortion and defects. Use flexible spring steel forms or laminated boards to form radius bends, asrequired.

B. Coat forms with a nonstaining form release agent that will not discolor or deface surface of concrete.

C. Welded Wire Mesh: Welded plain cold drawn steel wire fabric, ASTM A 185. Furnish in flat sheets, notrolls unless otherwise acceptable to Architect.

D. Reinforcing Bars: Deformed steel bars, ASTM A 615, Grade 40.

E. Concrete Materials: Comply with requirements of applicable Division 3 sections for concrete materials,

The Modelle Plan Studio 05250- 1Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Portland Cement and Concrete Paving

admixtures, bonding materials, curing materials, and others as required.

F Expansion Joint Materials: Comply with requirements of applicable Division 7 sections for preformedexpansion joint fillers and sealers.

G. Bonding Compound: Polyvinyl acetate or acrylic base, rewettable type. Subject to compliance withrequirements, provide one of the following:

"Weldcrete", Larsen Products"Intralok", W.R. Meadows"Everbond", L&M Construction Chemicals"EucoWeld", Euclid Chemical Co."Hornweld", A.C. Horn"Sonocrete", Sonneborn-Contech.

H. Nonslip Aggregate Finish: Provide fused aluminum oxide granules or crushed emery as abrasiveaggregate for non-slip finish, with emery aggregate containing not less than 50% aluminum oxide and notless than 25% ferric oxide. Use material that is factory-graded, packaged, rustproof, and nonglazing andunaffected by freezing, moisture, and cleaning materials.

2.02 CONCRETE MIX, DESIGN, AND TESTING

A. Comply with requirements of applicable Division 3 sections for concrete mix design, sampling andtesting, and quality control, and as herein specified.

B. Design mix to produce normal weight concrete consisting of portland cement, aggregate, waterreducing or high range water reducing admixture (super plasticizer), air entraining admixture and water toproduce the following properties:

1. Compressive Strength: 4000 psi, minimum at 28 days.

2. Slump: 3".

3. Air Content: 5% to 8%.

PART 3- EXECUTION

3.01 SURFACE PREPARATION

A. Remove loose material from compacted subbase surface immediately before placing concrete.

B. Proof roll prepared subbase surface to check for unstable areas and need for additional compaction.Do not begin paving work until such conditions have been corrected and are ready to receive paving.

3.02 FORM CONSTRUCTION

The Modelle Plan Studio 05250-2Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Portland Cement and Concrete Paving

A. Set forms to required grades and lines, rigidly braced and secured. Install sufficient quantity of forms toallow continuous progress of work and so that forms can remain in place at least 24 hours after concreteplacement.

B. Check complete formwork for grade and alignment to following tolerances:

1. Top of forms, not more than 1/8" in 10'.

2. Vertical face on longitudinal axis, not more than 1/4" in 10'.

C. Clean forms after each use, and coat with form release agent as often as required to ensure separationfrom concrete without damage.

D. Slope step treads at 1/4" per foot to drain.

E. Slope all sidewalks so that water will drain transversely across walk.

3.03 REINFORCEMENT

A. Locate, place and support reinforcement as specified in Division 3, unless otherwise indicated.

3.04 CONCRETE PLACEMENT

A. Comply with requirements of Division 3 for mixing and placing concrete, and as herein specified.

B. Do not place concrete until subbase and forms have been checked for line and grade. Moisten subbaseif required to provide a uniform dampened condition at time concrete is placed. Do not place concretearound manholes or other structures until they are at required finish elevation and alignment.

C. Place concrete using methods which prevent segregation of mix. Consolidate concrete along face offorms and adjacent to transverse joints with internal vibrator. Keep vibrator away from joint assemblies,reinforcement, or side forms. Use only square faced shovels for hand spreading and consolidation.Consolidate with care to prevent dislocation of reinforcing, dowels, and joint devices.

D. Use bonding agent at locations where fresh concrete is place against hardened or partially hardenedconcrete surfaces.

E. Deposit and spread concrete in a continuous operation between transverse joints, as far as possible. Ifinterrupted for more than hour, place a construction joint.

3.05 JOINTS

A. Construct expansion, weakened plane contraction, and construction joints true to line with faceperpendicular to surface of concrete. Construct transverse joints at right angles to the centerline, unlessotherwise indicated.


B. When joining existing structures, place transverse joints to align with previously placed joints, unlessotherwise indicated.

C. Provide weakened plane contraction joints, sectioning concrete into areas as shown on Drawings.Construct weakened plane joints for a depth equal to at least concrete thickness. Provide tooled jointsby grooving top portion with a recommended cutting tool and finishing edges with a jointer. Location ogjoints shall be only as shown on the drawings or as directed by Architect.

D. Place construction joints at the end of pours and at locations where placement operations are stoppedfor a period of more than % hour, except where such pours terminate at expansion joints.

1. Construct joints using standard metal keyway section forms.

2. Where load transfer slip dowel devices are used, install so that one end of each dowel bar isfree to move.

E. Expansion Joints: Provide premolded joint filler for expansion joints abutting concrete curbs, catchbasins, manholes, inlets, structures, walks and other fixed objects, unless otherwise indicated. Locateexpansion joints at 50' o.c. for each pavement lane, unless otherwise indicated. Locate expansion joints at50' o.c. for each pavement lane, unless otherwise indicated.

F Extend joint fillers full width and depth of joint, and not less than 1/2" or more than 1" below finishedsurface where joint sealer is indicated. If no joint sealer, place top of joint filler flush with finished concretesurface.

G. Furnish joint fillers in one piece lengths for full width being placed, wherever possible. Where morethan one length is required, lace or clip joint filler sections together.

H. Protect top edge of jointfiller during concrete placement with a metal cap or other temporary material.Remove protection after concrete has been placed on both sides of joint.

I. Comply with the requirements of Division 7 for preparation of joints, fillers and sealant materials,installation, and performance.

3.06 CONCRETE FINISHING

A. After striking off and consolidating concrete, smooth surface by screeding and floating. Use handmethods only where mechanical floating is not possible. Adjust floating to compact surface and produceuniform texture.

B. After floating, test surface for trueness with a 10' straightedge. Distribute concrete as required toremove surface irregularities, and refloat repaired areas to provide a continuous smooth finish.

C. Work edges of slabs, back top edge of curb, and formed joints with an edging tool, and round to 1/2"radius, unless otherwise indicated. Eliminate tool marks on concrete surface.


D. After completion of floating and when excess moisture or surface sheen has disappeared, completesurface finishing, as follows:

1. Broom finish, by drawing a fine hair broom across concrete surface, perpendicular to line oftraffic. Repeat operation if required to provide a fine line texture acceptable to Architect.

2. On ramp surfaces, provide nonslip aggregate finish. After completion of float finish, uniformlyspread 25 lbs. of dampened nonslip aggregate per 100 sq. ft. of surface. Tamp aggregate flushwith surface using steel trowel, but do not force below surface. After broadcasting and tamping,apply trowel finish. After curing, lightly work surface with a steel wire brush, or in an abrasivestone and water to expose nonslip aggregate.

E. Do not remove forms for 24 hours after concrete has been placed. After form removal, clean ends ofjoints and point up minor honeycombed areas. Remove and replace areas or sections with major defects,as directed by Architect.

3.07 CURING

A. Protect and cure finished concrete paving, complying with applicable requirements of Division 3. Usecuring and sealing compound or approved moist curing methods.

3.08 REPAIRS AND PROTECTIONS

A. Repair or replace broken or defective concrete, as directed by Architect.

B. Drill test cores where directed by Architect, when necessary to determine magnitude of cracks ordefective areas. Fill drilled core holes in satisfactory pavement areas with portland cement concretebonded to pavement with epoxy resin grout.

C. Protect concrete from damage until acceptance of work. Exclude traffic from pavement for at least 14days after placement. When construction traffic is permitted, maintain pavement as clean as possible byremoving surface stains and spillage of materials as they occur.

D. Sweep concrete pavement and wash free of stains, discolorations, dirt, and other foreign material justprior to final inspection.

END OF SECTION


02930 - LAWNS

PART 1- GENERAL


A. Seed all areas disturbed by the all construction under this project.


A. Lawn work shall be performed by a single firm specializing in lawn work.

B. Ship materials with certificates of inspection required by governing authorities.

C. Package standard products with manufacturer's certified analysis. For other materials, provide analysisby recognized laboratory made in accordance with methods established by the Association of OfficialAgricultural Chemists, wherever applicable.

1.03 SUBMITTALS

A. Submit certificates of inspection as required by governmental authorities. Submit manufacturer's orvendors certified analysis for soil amendments and fertilizer materials. Submit other data substantiatingthat materials comply with specified requirements.

B. Submit seed vendor's certified statement for each grass seed mixture required, stating botanical andcommon name, percentage by weight, and percentages of purity, germination, and weed seed for eachgrass seed species.

C. Submit typewritten instructions recommending procedures to be established by Owner for maintenance

of lawns for one full year. Submit prior to expiration of required maintenance periods.

D. Submit 5 lb sample of crushed stone for edging beds for approval by the Architect.

1.04 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Deliver packaged materials in containers showing weight, analysis and name of manufacturer Protectmaterials from deterioration during delivery, and while stored at site.

1.05 JOB CONDITIONS

A. Lawns shall be seeded from March 15th to May 15th and from August 159 to October 1 t.

B. The actual planting of lawns shall be done during periods within these seasons as determined byweather conditions.

1.06 SPECIAL PROJECT WARRANTY

The Modelle Plan Studio 02930- 1Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Lawns

A. Contractor shall warranty lawns for a period of one year following the grass establishment period,replace and lawn which, for any reason has died or is in a dying condition or has failed to flourish to sucha degree that its usefulness or appearance has been impaired. The decision of the Architect as to thenecessity of replacing any lawn shall be conclusive and binding upon the Contractor Replacement of lawnor individual part shall be made only once and thereafter the responsibility for such lawn shall lie with theOwner.

B. Dudng the warranty period, from time to time, inspect the watering and other maintenance practicescarried on by the Owner and promptly report to the Owner any practices which are consideredunsatisfactory and not good horticultural practices. The failure of the Contractor to inspect or report shallbe construed as an acceptance by him of the Owner's maintenance practices and he shall not thereafterclaim that any defects which may later develop are the results of such practices.

PART 2- PRODUCTS

2.01 TOPSOIL

A. Topsoil stockpiled on site may be used for lawns. If quantity of stockpiled topsoil is insufficient, provideadditional topsoil as required to complete landscape work.

B. Where required, provide new topsoil which is fertile, friable, natural loam, surface soil, reasonably freeof subsoil, clay lumps, brush, weeds, and other litter, and free of roots, stumps, stones larger than 2" inany dimension, and other extraneous or toxic matter harmful to plant growth.

C. Obtain topsoil from local sources or from areas having similar soil characteristics to that found atproject site. Obtain topsoil only from naturally, well drained sites where topsoil occurs in a depth of notless than 4"; do not obtain from bogs or marshes.

D. Perform chemical and mechanical analysis on topsoil. Topsoil shall contain at least 3% organic matterdetermined by loss on ignition of moisture-free samples dried in accordance with the current method ofthe Association of Official Agricultural Chemists. The acidity range shall be pH 6.5 to pH 7.0 inclusive. Thechemical analysis shall state the percentages of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. The mechanicalanalysis of the soil shall be:

PASSING RETAINED ON PERCENTAGE1" screen 100%1" screen 1/4" screen (gravel not more than) 3%1/4"screen #100 USS sieve (coarse, medium, & fine sand) 40-60%

2.02 SOILAMENDMENTS

A. Lime: Natural dolomitic limestone containing not less than 85% of total carbonates, with a minimum of30% magnesium carbonates, ground so that not less than 90% passes a 10 mesh sieve and not less than50% passes a 100 mesh sieve.

The Modelle Plan Studio 02930-2Additions and Alterations to the Otto Bruyns Library Lawns

B. Straw Mulch: Clean oat or wheat straw well seasoned before bailing, free from mature seed-bearingstalks or roots of prohibited or noxious weeds.

C. Wood cellulose fiber mulch: Degradable green dyed wood cellulose fiber or 100% recycled long fiberpulp, free from weeds or other foreign matter toxic to seed germination and suitable for hydromulching.

D. Asphaltic Emulsion Binder: Refined petroleum asphalt emulsified in alkaline water without use of clay,starch, or like deleterious substances, and not more than 75% of saponifiable acids. Binder shall be of afluid consistency with no petroleum solvents or other diluting agents toxic to seed germination.

E. Fertilizer: Shall be granular, non-burning packaged material composed of not less than 50% organicslow acting, guaranteed analysis by manufacturer. One quarter of the nitrogen shall be in the form ofnitrates, one quarter in the form of ammonia salts and one half in the form of organic nitrogen. Availablephosphoric acid shall be derived from super-phosphate having a minimum guaranteed analysis of 20%available phosphate. The potash shall be in the form of sulphate of phosphate.

1. Type A: Starter fertilizer containing 18% nitrogen, 24% phosphoric acid, and 6% potash byweight or similar approved composition.

2. Type B: Top dressing fertilizer containing 31% nitrogen, 3% phosphoric acid and 10% potash byweight or similar approved composition.

2.03 GRASS MATERIALS

A. Grass Seed: Provide fresh, clean, new crop seed complying with tolerance for purity and germinationestablished by Official Seed Analysts of North America. Provide seed mixture composed of grass species,proportions and minimum percentages of purity, germination, and maximum percentage of weed seed, asspecified.

Proportion by weight Common Name Min. % Germ. Min.% Pure Sd. Max.% Weed Sd.50% Kentucky Bluegrass 80 85 0.5030% Chewings Red Fescue 85 98 0.5010% Perennial Ryegrass 90 98 0.5010% Redtop 85 92 1.00

2.04 MISCELLANEOUS LANDSCAPE MATERIALS

A. Gravel: Crushed and washed shale, free of loam, sand, clay, and other foreign substances, and of 1/8"to 3/8" size.

B. Filter Fabric: Mirafi 700X, or approved equal with equivalent opening size of 70-100 sieve and flow rateof 60 Gal/min/sf.

PART 3 0 EXECUTION

3.01 PREPARATION


A. Preparation for planting lawns:

1. Loosen subgrade of lawn areas to a minimum depth of 4". Remove stones over 1-1/2" in anydimension and sticks, roots, rubbish and other extraneous matter. Limit preparation to areas whichwill be planted promptly after preparation.

2. Spread topsoil to minimum depth required to meet lines, grades and elevations shown, afterlight rolling and natural settlement. Add specified soil amendments and mix thoroughly into upper4" of topsoil.

3. Where lawns are to be planted in areas that have not been altered or disturbed by excavating,grading, or stripping operations, prepare soil for lawn planting as follows; till to a depth of not lessthan 6"; apply soil amendments and initial fertilizers as specified; remove high areas and fill indepressions; till soil to a homogenous mixture of fine texture, free of lumps, clods, stones, roots,and other extraneous matter.

4. Prior to preparation of unchanged areas, remove existing grass, vegetation and turf. Dispose ofsuch material outside of Owner's property; do not turn over into soil being prepared for lawns.

B. Fertilizer: Use the following guidelines:

1. Apply Type A fertilizer to indicated turf areas at the rate equal to 1.0 lb of actual nitrogen per1000 square feet.

2. Apply fertilizers by mechanical rotary or drop type distributor and thoroughly and evenlyincorporate with soil to a depth of 3" by discing or other approved method. Fertilize areasinaccessible to power equipment with hand tools and incorporate into soil.

C. Moisten prepared lawn areas before planting if soil is dry. Water thoroughly and allow surface moistureto dry before planting lawns. Do not create a muddy soil condition.

D. Restore lawn areas to specified condition if eroded or otherwise disturbed after fine grading and prior toplanting.

3.02 SEEDING NEW LAWNS

A. Do not use wet seed or seed which is moldy or otherwise damaged in transit or storage.

B. Sow seed using a spreader or seeding machine. Do not seed when wind velocity exceeds 5 mph.Distribute seed evenly over entire area by sowing equal quantity in 2 directions at right angles to eachother.

C. Sow not less than 4 pounds per 1,000 square feet.

D. Rake seed lightly into top 1/8" of soil, roll lightly, and water with a fine spray.


E. Protect seeded areas against erosion by spreading specified lawn mulch after completion of seedingoperations. Spread uniformly to form a continuous blanket not less than 1-1/2" loose measurement overseeded areas.

3.03 RECONDITIONING EXISTING LAWNS

A. Recondition existing lawn areas damaged by Contractor's operations including storage of materials andequipment and movement of vehicles. Recondition existing lawn areas where minor regrading is required.

B. Provide fertilizer, seed or sod and soil amendments as specified for new lawns and as required toprovide a satisfactorily reconditioned lawn. Provide new topsoil as required to fill low spots and meet newfinish grades.

C. Cultivate bare and compacted areas thoroughly to provide a satisfactory planting bed.

D. Remove diseased and unsatisfactory lawn areas, do not bury into soil. Remove topsoil containingforeign materials resulting from Contractors operations including oil drippings, stone, gravel, and otherloose building materials.

E. Where substantial lawn remains, but is thin, mow, rake, aerate if compacted, fill low spots, removehumps, and cultivate soil, fertilize, and seed. Remove weeds before seeding or, if extensive, applyselective chemical weed killers as required. Apply a seedbed mulch, if required, to maintain moistcondition.

F Water newly planted areas and keep moist until new grass is established.

3.04 MISCELLANEOUS LANDSCAPE WORK

A. Install wood edging where shown. Anchor with steel stakes placed not more than 3' o.c. and driven atleast 1" below top elevation of edging.

B. Place filter fabric at stone edge beds over compacted subgrade prior to installing stone. Lap joints aminimum of 6".

C. Place gravel beds where shown.

3.05 MAINTENANCE

A. Grass Establishment Period: Period is defined as extending from completion of seeding work untilgrass has been mowed three times.

B. The following work shall be performed during the grass establishment period:

1. Watering, spot weeding, mowing, applications of herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, andreseeding or resodding until a full, uniform stand of grass free of weeds, undesirable grass


species, disease and insects is achieved and accepted by the Architect.

2. Water daily to maintain adequate surface soil moisture for proper seed germination. Continuedaily watering for not less than 30 days. Thereafter apply " of water twice weekly untilacceptance.

3. Repair, rework and reseed all rain-washed gullies and rutted areas or areas that do notgerminate.

4. Mow grass to a height of 2" when grass attains height of 3-1/2" or when growth tends tosmother new seedlings, or as directed by Architect.

5. Apply Type B fertilizer to lawns approximately 30 days after seeding at a rate equal to 1.0 lbs. ofactual nitrogen per 1000 square feet. Apply with mechanical rotary or drop type distributor.Thoroughly water into soil.

C. At completion of grass establishment period, request Architect's inspection. If a substantial area ofgrass has not become established (more than 25% of total new lawn area), rework areas as required andrestart grass establishment period. Upon successful completion of grass establishment period, notifyOwner to begin maintaining lawns and provide written instructions for proper maintenance.

END OF SECTION


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