SKYDROL5SKYDROL5H I G H - T E M P E R A T U R E H Y D R A U L I C F L U I D
PUB. NO. 7249246BSupersedes No. 7249246A
®®
Thermal Stability Provides up to 4X extended
fluid life vs Type IV fluids. Erosion Resistance
Unlike Type IV fluids, Skydrol 5 maintains erosion
resistance above Type IV temp rating.
Fluid Density Lowest density PE hydraulic fluid,
which can result in significant fuel savings.
Toxicity New basestock eliminates potential
long-term health effect concern.
W H Y S K Y D R O L 5
I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
1
C O N T E N T S
3 A Brief History of Skydrol® Aviation Hydraulic Fluid
4 Improved Thermal Stability
Skydrol Stability Comparison
5 Higher Temperature Erosion Resistance
Erosion Resistance Test
6 Lower Density Equates to Weight Savings
7 Relative Fuel Savings Using Skydrol 5 vs Current Type IV Fluids
Estimated Weight Savings Based on Aircraft Model
8 Typical Physical and Chemical Properties
9 Typical Fire Resistance Properties
11 Personal Safety
Improved Toxicity
Product Safety
Skin Protection
Proper First Aid Treatment for Eye Exposure
Inhalation of Skydrol 5 Fluid
Ingestion of Skydrol 5 Fluid
12 Cleaning Skydrol 5 Fluid Spills
Cleaning Solvents
Non-Halogenated Cleaning Solvents
SKYDROL5C O N T E N T S
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I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
3
Early aviation hydraulic systems were used to applybrake pressure. These systemsused various oil-based
hydraulic fluids. As aircraftdesigns produced larger andfaster aircraft, greater useof hydraulics was necessary. These advancesled to the development ofpetroleum-based hydraulic fluids such as Mil-O-3580 and,later, Mil-H-5606.
Shortly after World War II, thegrowing number of aircrafthydraulic fluid fires drew the collective concern of the commer-cial aviation industry and the public. In the later 1940s, DouglasAircraft Company and Solutia Inc.cooperated in the development ofa fire resistant hydraulic fluidbased on phosphate ester chemistry,which was named Skydrol 7000.
As the aviation transport industrymoved toward more sophisticatedaircraft that operated at moreextreme conditions, Skydrol 500Afluid was developed to meet theneeds of these new aircraft.Continuous development of more advanced aircraft led tomodifications of the Skydrol fluidformulations. The changes required
by the aircraft manufacturers areknown as modifications to the fluid specifications ... or simply as Type I, II, III, or Type IV
fluids. Skydrol LD-4 andSkydrol 500B-4, Solutia’s
Type IV fluids, have been in commercial service
without modification since 1978.
Aircraft design and the transportindustry continue to evolve.Newer, more efficient aircraftdesigns and improved maintenanceprocedures put greater demandson hydraulic fluid. Solutia hasinvested over 10 years of effort todevelop a new hydraulic fluid tomeet these demands. Skydrol 5 sets the standard for the next generation of phosphate ester-basedhydraulic fluid. It is a lighter, morethermally stable fluid than anyexisting Type IV hydraulic fluid.
Solutia has over 50 years of experience in providing Skydrolbrand phosphate ester-basedhydraulic fluid to the commercialair transport industry. We are confident that Skydrol 5 will continue our record of outstandingservice to the industry.
A Brief History of Skydrol® Aviation Hydraulic Fluid
SKYDROL 5’S PATENTED
FORMULATION SETS THE
STANDARD FOR THE NEXT
GENERATION OF PHOSPHATE
ESTER-BASED HYDRAULIC
FLUID. IT IS A LIGHTER, MORE
THERMALLY STABLE FLUID
THAN ANY EXISTING TYPE IV
HYDRAULIC FLUID.
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o co
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Airc
raft
Com
pany
.
I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
Hours
% E
poxi
de D
eple
tion
Skydrol 5
5,0004,0003,0002,0001,0000
Type IV Fluids
10
30
50
70
90
0
20
40
60
80
100
F I G U R E S 1 A N D 2 : S K Y D R O L 5 S TA B I L I T Y C O M PA R I S O N
10
30
50
70
90
Hours
% E
poxi
de D
eple
tion
Skydrol 5
0
20
40
60
80
100
5,0004,0003,0002,0001,0000
Type IV Fluids
4
Phosphate ester hydraulic fluid can degrade with time and temperature via two chemical mechanisms:
hydrolysis and oxidation.
Hydrolysis is a chemical decompo-sition of the phosphate ester basestock of the hydraulic fluid. Therate of hydrolytic decompositionof the fluid is proportional to thewater content and the temperatureof the fluid. Skydrol 5’s patentedformulation is built on a newphosphate ester base stock, Tri-isoButyl Phosphate. Type IV fluids are built on Tri-ButylPhosphate. Tri-isoButyl Phosphateis more resistant to hydrolysisthan Tri-butyl Phosphate.
Improved Thermal Stability
SKYDROL5
Oxidation is a chain reaction thatleads to the degradation of thehydraulic fluid. The rate of oxidation is proportional to temperature. Anti-oxidants areadded to fluid formulations tominimize the contribution of oxidation to fluid degradation.Skydrol 5 contains a more robustpackage of anti-oxidants than any Type IV fluid. This package of anti-oxidants makes Skydrol 5more resistant to oxidation, andtherefore, Skydrol 5 can operatefor longer periods of time at higher temperatures.
The useful life of Skydrol 5 is morethan twice that of Type IV fluids at 275�F. At 350�F, the useful lifeof Skydrol 5 is approximately fourtimes longer than Type IV fluids.
The useful life of Skydrol 5 iscompared with Type IV fluids inFigures 1 and 2, for two differentmoisture levels, at 212�F/100�C.The useful life of the fluids isbased on sealed tube experiments.It is important to note that theuseful fluid life is defined at a constant exposure temperature.While the temperature in a workinghydraulic system normally remainsbelow 225�F, the temperature ofthe fluid may be much higher atlocalized hot spots. The actualimprovement in fluid life ofSkydrol 5 over Type IV fluids willdepend on the thermal environmentof each particular system.
Photo courtesy of The Boeing Company.
Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 212°F/100°C @ 0.2% Moisture
Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 212°F/100°C @ 0.5% Moisture
Average of results with 1, 50 and 200 ppm Cl Average of results with 1, 50 and 200 ppm Cl
Higher Temperature Erosion Resistance
Skydrol 5 has been designed to provide the same erosionprotection characteristics at275�F/135�C that Skydrol
Type IV fluids have demonstratedat 225�F/107�C. Skydrol 5 displaysoutstanding erosion protectionand reliable pump performance at these elevated temperatures.
Type IV Fluids
Net
Inte
rnal
Lea
kage
(cc/
min
)
Skydrol 5
0
50
100
150
200
250
500450400350300250200150100500
Hours
AS1241B/BMS 3-11 protocol @ 200 ppm chlorine and 275�F(Average of multiple test runs)
Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 275�F/135�C
F I G U R E 3 : E R O S I O N R E S I S TA N C E T E S T
Lower Density Equates to Weight Savings
Airframe manufacturers andoperators are becoming more conscious of the benefits of weight saving in
today’s competitive environment.Any weight that can be removedfrom an aircraft translates toincreased payload and/or fuel savings. Skydrol 5 sets a new standard as the lowest density phosphate-ester basedhydraulic fluid.
The density of Skydrol 5 is lowerthan the density of existing TypeIV fluids. Typical weight savingsper aircraft model are given in the table. The use of Skydrol 5can translate into 5 to 120 poundsof weight savings depending onthe aircraft model. This weightsaving will lead directly to reducedfuel burn!
SKYDROL5SKYDROL5
I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
Low Density
Standard Density
Hydraulic System Size (Gal)
Fuel
Sav
ings
/Yr/A
ircra
ft (G
al)
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
00 50 100 150 200
I N S T R U C T I O N S :
• Locate on the X-Axis the aircraft hydraulicsystem size, referencing Figure 5 below.
• Measure up until you intercept the diagonal line of the fluid presently in use (Standard or Low Density).
• Measure across to the Y-Axis to identify the projected annual fuel savings (in gallons).
– – – –Example: Switching to Skydrol 5 in a B-747 with 178 gallon hydraulic system.
From Standard Density fluid will save approximately 2,400 gallons of fuel/year.
From Low Density Type IV fluids will save 700-1,000 gallons of fuel/year.
F I G U R E 4 : R E L AT I V E F U E L S AV I N G S U S I N G S K Y D R O L 5 V S . C U R R E N T T Y P E I V F L U I D S
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HYDRAULIC SYSTEM WEIGHT SAVINGS OVER ANNUAL FUEL SAVINGS AIRCRAFT TYPE VOLUME* TYPE IV FLUIDS PER AIRCRAFT
AirbusA300 106 gallons 16 - 71 pounds 377 - 1625 gallonsA310 99 gallons 15 - 66 pounds 320 - 1380 gallonsA319 62 gallons 43 pounds 176 - 761 gallonsA320 62 gallons 9 - 42 pounds 176 - 761 gallonsA321 66 gallons 10 - 44 pounds 187 - 806 gallonsA330 116 gallons 17 - 78 pounds 302 - 1423 gallonsA340 124 gallons 19 - 83 pounds 353 - 1521 gallons
BoeingB717 23 gallons 16 pounds 65 - 600 gallonsB727 33 gallons 23 pounds 139 - 418 gallonsB737-100,200 23 gallons 3 - 15 pounds 82 - 355 gallonsB737-300 to 500 33 gallons 5 - 22 pounds 118 - 510 gallonsB747 178 gallons 27 - 120 pounds 506 - 2159 gallonsB757 78 gallons 12 - 52 pounds 216 - 933 gallonsB767 81 gallons 12 - 54 pounds 209 - 902 gallonsB777 180 gallons 124 pounds 512 - 2208 gallons
DouglasDC-8 68 gallons 38 pounds 196 - 843 gallonsDC-9 29 gallons 20 pounds 116 - 501 gallonsDC-10 135 gallons 93 pounds 432 - 1863 gallonsMD-11 133 gallons 20 - 89 pounds 393 - 1693 gallonsMD-80 24 gallons 4 - 16 pounds 82 - 429 gallonsMD-90 29 gallons 20 pounds 99 - 356 gallons
LockheedL1011 137 gallons 21 - 92 pounds 450 - 1941 gallons
*Approximate volume includes reservoirs
F I G U R E 5 : E S T I M A T E D W E I G H T S A V I N G S B A S E D O N A I R C R A F T M O D E L
Basis: Fuel Burn Factor = .045 lb fuel/lbFuel Density = 6.7Savings are per aircraft
I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
8
PROPERTY SKYDROL 5 TEST METHOD
Specific Gravity @ 77/77�F 0.977 Solutia 116-D
Density @ 77�F 0.974 g/ml
Weight/Gallon @ 77�F 8.13 pounds
Viscosity in cs. ASTM D-445
@ -65�F/-54�C 2085
@ 100�F/38�C 9.23
@ 210�F/99�C 3.18
Neutralization Number 0.04 mg KOH/g ASTM D-664
Moisture Content (wt.%) 0.20% maximum Solutia 78-A,B
Cleanliness Level NAS 1638 Class 7 or better Solutia 56-E
Pour Point < -80�F/-62�C ASTM D-77
Vapor Pressure @ 212�F 7.7 mm Hg ASTM D-2879
Coefficient of Thermal 4.6 X 10-4/�F
Expansion V/V/�F (75�F-225�F)
Bulk Modulus 211,000 PTV Bleed-off
Dielectric Strength @ 77�F 6.5KVAC ASTM D-877
Elect. Conductivity @ 77�F/25° 0.23 ASTM D-2624
Foaming Characteristic
1) @ 75�F/24�C 79 mls. - 30 secs. ASTM D-892
2) @ 200�F/93�C 57 mls. - 32 secs.
3) @ 75�F/24�C (after 200�F) 81 mls. - 32 secs.
Elastomer Compatibility Meets industry requirements*
*Equivalent to Type IV Class I Fluids.
F I G U R E 6 : T Y P I C A L P H Y S I C A L A N D C H E M I C A L P R O P E R T I E S
SKYDROL5
Microsiemens/cm
PROPERTY SKYDROL 5 TEST METHOD
Flash Point 318�F/159�C ASTM D-92
Fire Point 362�F/183�C ASTM D-92
AIT 870�F/466�C ASTM D-2155
Hot Manifold Ignition Burns on tube, does not burn on shield (pass) BMS 3-11
Spray Ignition No increase DMS 2014
Wick Cycling Ignition 26+ cycles BMS 3-11
High Temperature/High Pressure Spray Test Will not ignite BMS 3-11
* See Solutia Publication 7249118, Skydrol Fire Resistant Hydraulic Fluid, for a description of these tests.
F I G U R E 7 : T Y P I C A L F I R E R E S I S T A N C E P R O P E R T I E S
I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
12
I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
11
I N H A L AT I O N O F S K Y D R O L 5 F L U I D
When mist or vapor is possiblebecause of high pressure leaks, or any leak hitting a hot surface, a respirator capable of removingorganic vapors and mists shouldbe worn.
Upper respiratory tract irritation,including nose and throat irritationand tracheitis and/or bronchitis,may occur from inhalation of a Skydrol 5 mist. People with asthma may demonstrate a moremarked reaction.
I N G E S T I O N O F S K Y D R O L 5 F L U I D
Ingestion of small amounts ofSkydrol 5 fluid does not appear to be highly hazardous. Shouldingestion of a full swallow ormore occur, we suggest the immediate ingestion of a large volume of milk or water, followedwith hospital-supervised stomachtreatment, including several rinsesof saline solution and milk.
S K I N P R O T E C T I O N
To avoid skin exposure, a worker should wear gloves. Some manufacturers claim“Nitrile” gloves are suitable for this purpose. Nylon latex and polyethylene “throw-aways”are also acceptable.
Solutia does not recommend theuse of protective barrier creams as they do not provide completeprotection.
P R O P E R F I R S T A I D T R E AT M E N T
F O R E Y E E X P O S U R E
Where splashing or spraying ispossible, chemical-type gogglesshould be worn.
Eye contact with Skydrol 5 is likely to cause severe eye pain.First aid should consist of washing the fluid from the eye with potable tap water or a standard eye irrigation fluid(such as dacriose solution).Copious flushing is advisable.
After flushing, add sterile mineraloil or castor oil which is approvedfor ophthalmic treatment to aid in relieving the pain. Additionaltreatment, if needed, should beadministered under the supervisionof a physician.
I M P R O V E D T O X I C I T Y
All available Type IV hydraulic fluids contain Tri-Butyl Phosphate.Exposure to high levels of Tri-Butyl Phosphate may have the potential for long-term health effects. The base stock for Skydrol 5 is Tri-isoButylPhosphate. Skydrol 5 does notcontain Tri-Butyl Phosphate.
P R O D U C T S A F E T Y
Skydrol 5 is a phosphate ester-basedfluid blended with performanceadditives. Phosphate esters aregood solvents and, as such, willdissolve away some of the fattymaterials of the skin. Repeated or prolonged exposure may causedrying of the skin which, if unattended, could result in complications such as dermatitisor even secondary infection from bacteria.
Skydrol 5 does not contain Tri-Butyl Phosphate which hasbeen shown to cause urinary bladder damage in laboratory animals at high dosages.
Refer to the MSDS for toxicity data and product safety information.
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Personal Safety
I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
12
• Wipe up excess Skydrol 5 fluidusing disposable toweling.
• Spread an approved oil absorption floor sweep andallow sufficient time to soak up the fluid before sweeping.
• Wipe the floor with an approvedsolvent followed by a soapysolution and clear water rinse.
• Dispose of the towels, floorsweep compound and solventsby approved disposal methods.
• Aircraft tires should be cleaned of any Skydrol spillage with soap and wateronly per the manufacturer’s recommendations.
C L E A N I N G S O LV E N T S
Components containing Skydrol 5 can be cleaned withnon-halogenated cleaning solvents.These cleaning solvents, whichshould be used in the cleaning ofall critical hydraulic components,do not contain chlorine, a serioushydraulic fluid contaminant.
Although noncritical hydrauliccomponents can be cleaned withhalogenated solvents, the use of such solvents is discouraged due to waste disposal problemsand the possibility of hydraulicsystem contamination.
SkyKleen Aviation Solvent hasbeen thoroughly tested up to contamination levels of 1,000 ppm,and found to be safe for usearound hydraulic systems.
N O N - H A L O G E N AT E D
C L E A N I N G S O LV E N T S
SkyKleenTM Aviation Solvent by Solutia
NTA-L (NSN 6850-00-264-9039)PD-680Stoddard Solvent (85% nonane/
15% trimethylbenzene)Odorless Mineral SpiritsWhite SpiritsMethylethyl Ketone (MEK)Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)
Cleaning Skydrol 5 Fluid Spills
Notice: Although the information and recommendations set forth herein (hereinafter “Information”) are presented in good faithand believed to be correct as of the date hereof, Solutia Inc. makes no representation or warranties as to the completeness oraccuracy thereof. Information is supplied upon the condition that the persons receiving same will make their own determinationas to its suitability for their purposes prior to use. In no event will Solutia Inc. be responsible for damages of any nature whatsoeverresulting from the use of or reliance upon Information or the product to which Information refers. Nothing contained herein is to be construed as a recommendation to use any product, process, equipment or formulation in conflict with any patent, and Solutia Inc. makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, that the use thereof will not infringe any patent. NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
OF ANY OTHER NATURE ARE MADE HEREUNDER WITH RESPECT TO INFORMATION OR THE PRODUCT TO WHICH INFORMATION REFERS.
SKYDROL5
I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150
12
SALES SUPPORTCENTERS
ASIASingaporeSolutia Singapore Pte. Ltd.101 Thomson Road#19-01/02 United SquareSingapore 307591Tel: 65-355-7239Fax: 65-254-3138
EUROPEBelgiumSolutia Europe N.V./S.A.Rue Laid Burniat, 3Parc Scientifique - FlemingB-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Sud)BelgiumTel: 32.10.48.12.11Fax: 32.10.48.12.12
LATIN AMERICABrazilSolutia Brazil Ltda.Rua Gomes de Carvalho1306 - 60. Andar 04547-005Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilTel: 55-11-5087-3000Fax: 55-11-5087-3030
UNITED STATESSt. LouisP. O. Box 66760St. Louis, Missouri 63166-6760Tel: 314-674-1000Fax: 314-674-7433
OTHER SALES OFFICESArgentinaSolutia Argentina S.R.L.Alicia Moreau de Justo 1050, 3rd Fl.1107 Puerto MaderoBuenos Aires, ArgentinaTel: 54-1-331-4077Fax: 54-1-331-7481
AustraliaSolutia Australia Pty. Ltd.Level 1, 437 Canterbury RoadSurrey Hills, Victoria 3127AustraliaTel: 61-3-9888-4589Fax: 61-3-9888-4562
China/PRCSolutia Hong Kong Ltd.Shanghai Rep. OfficeUnit 18-06/07Harbour Ring Plaza18 Xi Zang Zhong RoadShanghai, PRC 200001Tel: 86-21-6386-7500Fax: 86-21-6385-1882
ColombiaSolutia Colombia Ltda.Carrera 7 No. 71-21Torre B, ofc.: 906Santa Fe de Bogota, DC ColombiaTel: 571-317-48-20Fax: 571-317-48-20
IndiaSolutia Chemicals India Private Limited205-207, 'Midas'Sahar Plaza ComplexAndheri-Kurla RoadAndheri (E)Mumbai 400 059 IndiaTel: 91 22 8302862/64Fax: 91 22 8310059
JapanSolutia Japan Ltd.Shinkawa Sanko BuildingSecond Floor1-13-17, Shinkawa, Chuo-kuTokyo 104-0033, JapanTel: (03) 3523 2080Fax: (03) 3523 2070
KoreaSolutia Korea Ltd.3rd Floor, Anglican Church Building3-7, Jeong-dong, Joong-gu,Seoul 100-120, KoreaTel: 82-2-736-7112Fax: 82-2-739-5049
MalaysiaSolutia Hong Kong Ltd.Malaysia Branch12th Floor (1309-B)Kelana Parkview TowerNo. 1 Jalan SS 6/2Kelana Jaya47301 Petaling JayaSelangor, MalaysiaTel: 60-3-704-0279Fax: 60-3-704-4067
MexicoSolutia Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V.Edificio Torre EsmeraldaBlvd. Manuel Avila Camacho No. 40Piso 12 Colonia Lomas de Chapultepec 11000 Mexico, D.F.Tel: 525-202-5600Fax: 525-202-0979
TaiwanSolutia Taiwan Inc.2F, 124 Chung Cheng RoadShin Lin District, TaipeiTaiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-2-2835-1666Fax: 886-2-8866-2703
ThailandSolutia Thailand Ltd.19th Floor, SCB Park Plaza19 Ratchadapisek RoadLaadyao, ChatuchakBangkok, Thailand 10900Tel: 66-2-937-8860Fax: 66-2-937-8865
United States1800 West Loop SouthSuite 1360Houston, Texas 77027Tel: 713-850-0088Fax: 713-850-0096
VenezuelaSolutia Venezuela SRLAvenida Francisco de MirandaEdificio Parque CristalTorre Oeste, Piso 13 Ofc 13-4Los Palos GrandesCaracas 1062, VenezuelaTel: 582-285-50-37Fax: 582-285-71-13
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCEPlease call our TechnicalService Hotline toll-free at 1-800-260-4150
ORDER ASSISTANCEPlease call our CustomerService Department toll-free at 1-800-325-4330
P.O. Box 66760St. Louis, MO 63166-6760www.solutia.com
© Solutia Inc. 2006® Registered trademark of Solutia Inc.
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