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Bite sized training sessions:Objectives & Principles

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Objectives

To understand

What objectives and principles are

Where they come from

Where they fit in to analysis of

requirements

The importance of objectives andprinciples

To be able to

Find objectives and principles

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Stakeholders

Drivers

Objectives Objectives Objectives Objectives Objectives

Drivers Drivers Drivers

ChangeRequirements

ChangeRequirements

ChangeRequirements

ChangeRequirements

ChangeRequirements

Chain Of Reasoning:

Change Requirements must be assumed to be wrong until they are provedto beright

Stakeholders

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The bigquestionswho are the project killer stakeholders?

There are a set of people and organisation

units that can kill your project They may be obvious and they may not

They may not all be killer stakeholders for

the same reasons.

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Owner/Manager

Stakeholderse.g. Organisation Owner,

Process owner, Product

or Service owner

Resource Supplier Stakeholderse.g. people who can allocate buildings, systems,

equipment, consumables,

spares, sub-contractors

Compliance stakeholderse.g. Policy, legal, H&S, Audit,

external regulators

Customers of

The solution(internal and/or

external depending

on project)

Requirements,

orders

Required service

or product

Rules,

requirements,

constraints

Compliance

results

Resource

availability

Resource

requests

Performance

criteria

KPI results,

profits, etc

Project

project killer stakeholders?

NB: Expect all stakeholder interactions to come in pairs: typically a request

and response.

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Drivers

There are reasons why a project existssomething has

driven the need for it Drivers have driven the project killer stakeholders to

sponsor the project

These drivers tendto be

Problemsthe stakeholders want fixed AND/OR Opportunitiesthe stakeholders want to exploit AND/OR

Standards/regulation/legislationthe stakeholders want to complywith

Drivers need to be analysed One component of that analysis is

defining how the stakeholders know

a driver has been addressed

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SMART Objectives How will a killer stakeholder know a project was successful?

Answer: the drivers have been addressed

How will a killer stakeholder knowthe drivers have been addressed?

Answer: they will monitor/measure something(s) that tells them

Therefore, BAs needto know What is being measured

What target value means that the drivers have been addressed

The target value for a measure is an Objective

The Objective needs to be SMART

Question: what is the difference between

an Objective and a benefit?

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SMART Objectives

But

one driver might have many measures

one measure might be a measure for many drivers

Example: Killer stakeholders could have desires to

Increase customer satisfaction AND improve the sales process

Net sales per customer might be one of the measures for both.

How much must net sales increase as a consequence of the projectin order for the project to be considered sucessful?

Therefore

Identify the objectives in order to

deliver the solution to achieve the objectives in order to

know all drivers have been addressed

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Principles Suppose a driver exists to improve the customer

experiencewhat measures are going to be used? Customer satisfaction?

A measure that is not measured (cant be or just wontbe) and so has no target can be thought of as a Principle

Requirements can be defined that contribute toachieving the Principles E.g. be able to tailor a customer greeting with individual

customer details could be justified because it should increasecustomer satisfactionwe wont know if this happens because no-one will ever measure it.

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The bigquestionswhat are the project Objectives & Principles?

Only killer stakeholders can define the

Objectives & Principles Killer stakeholders willtypicallywant to

define vague Objectiveswhy?

There is a 2-way dependency on Driversand Objectives

Not all valid Objectives are necessarily in

scope!

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Exercise:Define some project driver Objectives and Principles

For the drivers you have identified, define some relevantObjectives and Principles

The business are available to answer questions.

If you need to make any assumptions, document them.

Time allowed: 20 minutes

Deliverable: flipchart of drivers and assumptions.

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Questions?

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