Amharic Familiarization Course

Table of Contents

Introduction Introduction 1 Lesson 1 People and Geography 19 Lesson 2 Living and Working 37 Lesson 3 Days of the Week, Numbers, Ages of People 51 Lesson 4 Daily Activities 62 Lesson 5 Meeting the Family 81 Lesson 6 Around Town 93 Lesson 7 Shopping 106 Lesson 8 Eating Out 123 Lesson 9 Holidays, Customs, and Cultural Traditions 134 Lesson 10 Around the House 151 Lesson 11 Weather and Seasons 161 Lesson 12 Personal Appearance 174 Lesson 13 Transportation 188 Lesson 14 Travel 200 Lesson 15 At School 219 Lesson 16 Recreation and Leisure 230 Lesson 17 Health and the Human Body 244 Lesson 18 Political and International Events 256 Lesson 19 The Military 270 Lesson 20 In the Hospital 284

Developed for United States Special Operations Command Special Operations Forces Language Office

By I Corps Foreign Language Training Center

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

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VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

INTRODUCTION TO ETHIOPIA

Capital: Addis Ababa Official language: Amharic Official name: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Area: 426, 373 square miles. Distance across at widest points: north to south 800 miles; east to west 1035 miles Elevation: highest – Ras Dashen, 15,158 ft. above sea level. Lowest – Denakil Depression, 381 feet below sea level Population: 70 million Chief products: Agriculture – coffee, corn, oilseed, sorghum, sugar cane, wheat. Manufactured goods: cement, processed food, leather goods, textiles.

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GEOGRAPHY Ethiopia is located in the horn of Africa, bordered by Sudan on the west, Somalia and Djibouti to the east, Eritrea on the north and Kenya on the south. It covers an area of approximately 444,000 square miles. The varied topography of the country generally features rugged mountains, flat-topped plateaus, river canyons, rolling plains and lowlands. The Great Rift Valley divides the Ethiopian highlands, as it spans the country from north to south. The highlands feature alpine vegetation, while woodlands, savanna and semi-arid conditions characterize the lowland. Ethiopia is a landlocked nation.

TOPOGRAPHY The Ethiopian Plateau spreads out over about two-thirds of the country. It lies between 6,000 and 10,000 feet (1,800 and 3,000 meters) above sea level. Most of Ethiopia's people live on the plateau, which has the country's best agricultural land. Most of the plateau receives more than 40 inches (102 centimeters) of rain annually. Average temperatures on the plateau range from about 72°F (22°C) in areas below 8,000 feet (2,400 meters) to less than 60°F (16°C) at higher elevations. The Great Rift Valley, which runs north and south through eastern Africa, divides the plateau into two large sections. The sections are further divided by deep, spectacular river gorges and high mountain ranges. Ethiopia's highest mountain, Ras Dashen, rises 15,158 feet (4,620 meters) above sea level on the plateau.

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The lowlands The Ethiopian Plateau slopes downward in all directions toward the lowland regions. Most of the lowland areas have an average temperature of about 80°F (27°C) and receive less than 20 inches (51 centimeters) of rain per year. The Denakil Depression in northeastern Ethiopia, which lies below sea level, is one of the hottest places in the world. Temperatures in the Denakil Depression sometimes rise above 120°F (49°C). The lowlands are thinly populated because of the hot, dry climate and because the soil is poor for farming. Animal life and vegetation A wide variety of animals live in Ethiopia. Some of these animals live nowhere else. They include an antelope called the walia ibex and the Simien fox, also known as the Simien jackal or Ethiopian wolf. Coffee originated in the forests of southwest Ethiopia. Teff and several other types of crops also had their origins in the country. Forests cover part of the southwest. The most common tree in Ethiopia is the eucalyptus, which was imported from Australia in the 1890's. Major Rivers The major river basins include: the Blue Nile, Baro, Omo, Awash, Tekeze and Wabe Shebele.

The BLUE NILE HISTORY

Early history

Some of the oldest fossil fragments of human beings have been found in Ethiopia. They date from about 2 million years ago. By 500 B.C., two major groups, speakers of Semitic and Cushitic languages, inhabited the area. The plow was already the major agricultural tool by that time, and there is evidence that Ethiopians controlled water and used irrigation.

In 1973, Donald Johanson was in the Afar, part of the Hadar region of Ethiopia, with the International Afar Research Expedition. He made a dramatic fossil find – the leg bones of 3-million-year-old hominid.

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The bones' size and shape indicated that this individual walked upright, making it the oldest hominid on record to do so. This discovery continued and in 1974, 3.2 million-year-old Lucy was found in the region of Afar. The Aksum Kingdom was the first important state in what is now Ethiopia. It was well established by the A.D. 200's. Its capital was the city of Aksum. The Aksum Kingdom gained much wealth through trade with Arabia, Egypt, Greece, India, Persia and Rome. The Aksumites exported gold, ivory and spices. Aksum reached its height of power in the 300's under King Ezana. He made Christianity the official religion of Aksum. In the late 600's, Aksum's power fell sharply after Muslims gained control of Arabia, the Red Sea, and the coast of northern Africa. The Muslims, religious enemies of Christian Aksum, put an end to the kingdom's foreign trade.

AKSUM OBELISK, 4th –7th Century AD Ethiopia is one of the oldest nations. It is also Africa’s oldest independent country; with the exception of the five-year occupation by Mussolini’s Italy, it has never been colonized. According to tradition, the first emperor of Ethiopia, Menelik I, was the son of the biblical Queen of Sheba and King Solomon of Israel. Many later Ethiopian rulers claimed to be direct descendants of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. Menelik II became emperor in 1889 and reunified the old Ethiopian empire by gaining control of many small kingdoms. In 1896, at the battle of Adwa, he defeated the Italian army that had occupied a part of Ethiopia called Eritrea. The son of Menelik’s cousin, Ras Tafari, became the emperor in 1930. He took the title Haile Selassie, continued the modernization of Ethiopia, like Menelik II, and drafted the first constitution in 1931. In 1972 and 1973, a severe drought led to famine in the northeast part of Ethiopia. Haile Selassie was criticized for ignoring it. Widespread dissatisfaction with the low quality of life and government corruption led to the takeover by a military government which removed Haile Selassie in 1974.

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The military government adopted socialist policies and had close ties with the Soviet Union. The military began large-scale land reform and started breaking up the estates of the former nobility. The government claimed ownership of the land and killed many of its opponents. Severe drought led to the death of millions in the mid 1980’s and the government faced many rebellions from Eritrea and Tigray. The military dictator Mengestu Haile-Mariam fled the county as the rebels approached the capital in May of 1991. Eritrea gained independence in 1993. In 1994 a new constitution was adopted in Ethiopia. In 1995 the country held its first multiparty parliament election. The Ethiopian People’s Democratic Revolutionary Front, which has dominated the government since 1991, won the 1995 election as well as one held in 2000. Party leader Meles Zenawi was elected prime minister in both elections.

Emperor Haile Selassie, also known as Ras Tafari

CLIMATE Although Ethiopia lies within 15 degrees north of the equator, owing to the moderating influence of the altitude, the country enjoys a temperate and pleasant climate, with average temperatures rarely exceeding 68 degrees F. The sparsely populated lowlands typically have sub-tropical and tropical climates and approximately 34 inches of rainfall. The average annual rainfall for the whole country is considered moderate by global standards. In most highlands, rainfall occurs in two distinct seasons: light rains during February and March and heavy rains from June to September.

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POPULATION With a population of 70 million and growing, Ethiopia is the third most densely populated country in Sub-Saharan Africa (after Nigeria and Egypt). Ethiopia is one of the oldest nations in the world; its people have an ancient culture and deep-rooted values. Ethiopian people comprise about seventy-eight ethnic groups. Approximately 85 percent of the population lives in rural areas. The government classifies Ethiopians into groups based on the main language they speak. About 80 languages are spoken in Ethiopia. The Oromo make up the largest ethnic and language group. The Oromo speak a Cushitic language called Oromifa or Oromo. They live in the central and southern parts of the country. The Amhara and Tigrayan peoples of the northern plateau speak Amharic—the nation's official language—and Tigrinya, respectively. These Semitic languages belong to the Afro-Asian language family, which also includes Arabic and Hebrew. Other important ethnic and language groups in Ethiopia include the Somali, who live in the southeast, and the Afar, who live in the east and northeast. A number of smaller groups live in the southwest and along the border with Sudan. Many Ethiopians speak more than one language, including English and other Ethiopian and European languages. Ge'ez (also called Ethiopic) is an ancient Ethiopian language. In the past, all Ethiopian Bibles were written in this language. Ge'ez is still used in ceremonies of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church.

OROMO WOMAN TIGRAI WOMAN

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CITIES Addis Ababa, the largest city and the seat of the federal government of Ethiopia, lies in the central plateau at an altitude of 2,400 meters. Its average temperature is 16°C. Addis Ababa was founded in 1887 and has a population of 5 million. It is host to the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA). Several other international organizations have their headquarters and branch offices in the capital. Addis Ababa is also the center of commerce and industry. Other important centers of trade and industry are: Awasa, Dire Dawa, Gonder, Adama (also called Nazareth), Jimma, Harrar, Bahir Dar, Mek’ele, Debre Markos, Nekemt, Debre Zeyit, Dese, All these towns are connected to Addis Ababa by freeways and gravel roads. Most of them also have infrastructures and first-class hotels and airports. There are other large cities, such as Debre Zeyit and Dese, with over 100,000 inhabitants, and I think they should be included in this list; Harrar, Debre Markos and Nekemt are smaller.

Addis Ababa

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WAY OF LIFE Most Ethiopians live in rural areas as either farmers or livestock herders. Many farmers use an ancient wooden plow called a maresha and a pair of oxen to plow their fields. They grow various cereal crops, including barley, corn, wheat, and a tiny local grain called teff. Livestock herders raise camels, cattle, goats and sheep, and travel from place to place to find food for their animals. Ethiopians in cities and towns work for the government, hold jobs in various businesses and industries, or run shops.

Poverty in Ethiopia is widespread. Each year, many Ethiopian men and women move to towns and cities to seek jobs and a better life. Medical care, electric power, schools, and clean water supplies are part of what attracts rural Ethiopians to cities.

Styles of houses vary widely in Ethiopia. Many houses in rural areas are round with walls constructed of wooden poles and mud plaster. These houses have roofs of thatch or corrugated iron. In the Tigray areas, houses often are rectangular and made of stone. Addis Ababa and other cities have tall office buildings, multistory apartment houses, large villas, and mixed neighborhoods with houses of stone, brick, mud and cement.

CLOTHING

In rural areas, many men and women wear a one-piece white cotton cloth called a shamma. Men wear a shamma over a cotton shirt, and women wear it over a cotton dress. In towns and cities, many people wear clothing similar to that worn in Europe and North America. In southern Ethiopia, some people wear traditional clothing made of leather or a colorful cloth used as a shawl and a waist wrap.

FOOD

The national food of Ethiopia is injera with wot. Injera is a spongy flat bread usually prepared from teff, wheat, barley or millet. Teff is an Ethiopian grain rich in iron and other minerals; it can be found in health food stores in the US. Injera is eaten with wot, which is a spicy sauce made of an onion and pepper base and various other spices. Wot can be made mild or hot, and is made with vegetables and different meats such as beef, lamb or chicken. The injera is used to scoop the wot into small portions to be eaten by

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hand. Before and after a meal, one washes one’s hands; it is an acceptable tradition to be served by a domestic servant with water and soap to wash one’s hands. It may be hard for the first time to eat using one’s fingers, but asking for utensils may be considered impolite. In addition, Ethiopians eat barley, corn or wheat, which are roasted or boiled. Ethiopians in some areas eat a bread made from the root of ensete, a plant that resembles a banana tree. Popular beverages include beer, coffee, tea, and thin yogurt. The meal is normally served on a large tray and shared with friends or family of up to five people. Customs and Traditions Favorite sports in Ethiopia include soccer, volleyball, and genna, a game similar to field hockey. Ethiopians also enjoy playing card games, a local kind of chess and other board games. Holidays include special celebrations from both the Christian and the Islamic faiths. Also, many people chew khat to socialize and relax in the afternoon to do business in the market or on weekends as part of tradition and recreation. Khat has been legally harvested in Ethiopia for centuries and is becoming a major agricultural crop. In every town, people while away their spare time chewing the stimulant leaf. It is part of the culture. Khat is chewed for hours on end; users say it "elevates your mood and stimulates your mind.” COFFEE Coffee accounts for some 65% of Ethiopia's foreign trade earnings, coffee probably employs close to 10% of the population. As a result, coffee must certainly rank as Ethiopia's most important export! Ethiopia aims to export some 230,000 tonnes of coffee per year. Out of this Ethiopia consumes 93,386 tonnes , which shows that Ethiopia is a strong consumer as well as a producer. Coffee originated in Ethiopia in a region called Keffa. Coffee is central to the lives of all Ethiopians. In the countryside where some people live a day's walk from a main road, coffee is often the only beverage of choice. In addition it is also still roasted, ground, mixed with butter, and made into balls to be eaten for sustenance during the working day. In the cities, as well as in the countryside, coffee is drunk with friends, family, on special occasions, or simply out of choice. Coffee is everywhere! The Ethiopian coffee ceremony, carried out by the woman of the family, is an historic tradition with much religious symbolism. 3 cups are poured for each guest, incense wafts around the room, flax covers the floor, and usually peanuts or cooked barley are offered by way of accompaniment. From birth in Ethiopia one grows up with the coffee ceremony as an integral part of one’s social and cultural life. An invitation to attend a coffee ceremony is considered a mark of friendship or respect and is an excellent example of Ethiopian hospitality. Performing the ceremony is almost obligatory in the presence of a visitor, whatever the time of day. In the 3rd century coffee was transplanted from the Ethiopian highlands to the Yemeni mountains during the spice trade between East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. From Yemen it spread to Southeast Asia, South America, and finally back to Africa.

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AMHARA WOMAN: COFFEE CEREMONY

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GOVERNMENT Ethiopia adopted a new constitution that established the FDRE, or Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, in 1995. The federal government is responsible for national defense, foreign relations and general politics, as well as common interests and benefits. The federal government of the FDRE is structured as a bicameral parliament. There are two chambers: an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber, with 108 members, is called the House of Federation or the Federal Council. The lower chamber, with 548 members, is called the House of People’s Representatives, or the Council of People’s Representatives. The upper chamber, the House of Federation, represents the common interests of the nations, nationalities and people of the states, and is headed by a constitutional president. All council members in both chambers are elected by universal suffrage for a five-year term. The council members in the House of Federation are elected by state assemblies, while the council members in the House of People’s Representatives are elected by a popular vote. The federal government is headed by the prime minister, who in turn is accountable to the House of People’s Representatives, which is the highest authority of the federal government. The FDRE comprises nine autonomous states vested with policies for self-administration. Each autonomous state is headed by a state president elected by the state council. The judiciary is constitutionally independent.

Prime minister: Meles Zenawi RELIGION Orthodox Christianity and Islam, the two main religions in Ethiopia, have coexisted since Mohammed’s time. The first followers of Islam were converted while the prophet Mohammed was alive, and the first mosque was built in the eighth century. However, culturally the Orthodox Church has dominated the political, social and cultural life in the highlands, as it was the official religion of the imperial court and hence also of the feudal establishment until Haile Selassie was deposed in 1974. Since then, religion and the state have been separated. Most people in Ethiopia are Muslims or Christians. About 40 percent of the population belongs to the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, which is a Christian sect related to the Coptic, Greek and Russian Orthodox churches. A small percentage of the population in the south and west practices some local religions and the rest of the population is Muslim.

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The Ethiopian Orthodox Church's headquarters is in Addis Ababa. The boundaries of the dioceses, each under a bishop, followed provincial boundaries; a patriarch (abun) headed the church. The ultimate authority in matters of faith was the Episcopal Synod. In addition, the Church Council, a consultative body that included both clergy and laity, reviewed and drafted administrative policy. Ethiopia has long enjoyed the most intimate relations with Islam. Some of the earliest disciples of the prophet Mohammed, when persecuted in Arabia, found refuge at Aksum, which was then ruled by King Armah. When one of the refugees, Umm Habibah, was to marry Mohammed, Armah sent her a golden dowry. The prophet later prayed for the Aksumite king’s soul and instructed his followers to leave the Abyssinians in peace, thus averting a holy war. Many words in Ge’ez, the classical language of the Ethiopians, can be found in the Holy Quran. The first muezzin calling the faithful to prayer in the prophet’s time was an Ethiopian named Bilal, as his compatriots recall with pride to this day. Ethiopian Muslims are adherents of the dominant Sunni, or orthodox, branch of Islam. Shia Muslims are not represented in Ethiopia. The beliefs and practices of Ethiopian Muslims are embodied in a more or less integrated amalgam of three elements: the Islam of the Quran and the sharia, the worship of saints and the rituals and organization of religious orders, and the still-important remnant of pre-Islamic patterns. Islam in the traditional sense is dominant only in Harrar and a few other towns. In general, the most important practices of the Islamic faith, particularly regular prayer and fasting during the month of Ramadan, are observed in urban centers rather than in the smaller towns and villages, and more among settled peoples than among nomads. Records of the pilgrimage to Mecca by Ethiopian Muslims are scarce.

Orthodox priests

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Christian holidays and festivals Timkat (Epiphany) is the most colorful event in the year when the churches parade their Tabots to a nearby body of water. (A Tabot is a replica of the biblical Ark of the Covenant containing the tablets with the Ten Commandments; every church in Ethiopia has one.) The ceremony falls on the 19th of January and commemorates Christ’s baptism. The Tabot is taken out in the afternoon on the eve of Epiphany and stays overnight with the priests and faithful congregation. The following morning the water is blessed and splashed on everyone in a ceremony where the faithful renew their vows to the Church. If the body of water is large enough, some people will immerse themselves. Women who have been unable to have children participate in the ritual for fertility. After the ceremony, the Tabot is paraded back to its church, accompanied by much singing and dancing. Fasika (Easter) is a festival that follows a fasting period of 55 days. During this time, no animal product is eaten. The faithful do not eat anything at all until the daily service is finished at around 3:00 in the afternoon on Easter Sunday. From Thursday evening before Good Friday, nothing is eaten until the Easter service ends at 3:00 in the morning on Easter Sunday. Kidus Yohannes or Enkutatash, Ethiopia’s New Years Day, is celebrated on the 11th of September. It is primarily secular; it is a time for people to put on new clothes and visit friends and relatives. Maskal is said to be in memory of the finding of the true Cross by the Empress Eleni. This is as colorful as Timkat, however, instead of water, the focus of the celebration is a bonfire topped with an image of a cross to which flowers are tied. Priests in full regalia bless the bonfire before it is lit. This festival coincides with the mass blooming of the golden yellow Maskal daisies, called Adey Ababa in Amharic. Lidet or Gena, the Ethiopian Christmas, is not the primary religious and secular festival that it has become in Western countries. Falling on the 7th of January, it is celebrated seriously by a church service that goes on throughout the night, with people moving from one church to another. Traditionally, young men play a game called Gena, similar to hockey, on this day, and Christmas has also come to be known by this name. Muslim festivals and pilgrimages Ethiopia’s earliest and most holy Muslim center, according to tradition, is at Nagash, north of Wukro in Tigray, where there is a fine mosque of considerable antiquity. Perhaps the most important Islamic center since medieval times, however, has been the famous walled city of Harrar. One of the principal holy cities of Islam, it has long been renowned for its religious learning, as well as for its mosques, many Muslim shrines, and tombs of several holy Muslim leaders of the past. An important center of Muslim pilgrimage today is the town of Shek Husen in the Bale region. The faithful flock there twice a year from all over Ethiopia, as well as from neighboring countries, as they do to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.

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NEW MOSQUE AT WIKRO CALENDAR AND TIME The use of the Julian calendar was discarded by the Europeans 400 years ago, but Ethiopia still uses it. This calendar divides the year into 12 month of 30 days each, with the remaining five (or six in a leap year) constituting the short 13th month of “Pagume.” In Greek, pagume means additional. The Ethiopian New Year falls on the 11th or 12th of September every year.

Ethiopian Month Begins in Meskerem September Tikimit October Hidar November Tahesas December Tir January Yekatit February Megabit March Miyazia April Ginbot May Sene June Hamle July Nehase August Pagume September

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TIME In Ethiopia, the “top of the day” begins at the top of the clock. The beginning of the day is taken to be at 6:00 a.m. Western time—therefore 6:00 a.m. Western time is “12:00 in the morning” in Ethiopia; 12:00 noon Western time is 6:00 noon in Ethiopia; 6:00 p.m. Western time is 12:00 in the evening Ethiopia time, and so on. The division of the day into a.m. and p.m. is not used in Ethiopia. Instead, quadrants of time are described according to the part of day, e.g., morning, afternoon, evening, night. Western time and the corresponding Ethiopian time can be seen on the chart below. This way of keeping time is normally the only way used; however, in some circumstances, such as when booking an airline flight or in certain professional settings, a.m. and p.m. are used. Military time is the same as in America, but instead of using “hundred,” “zero zero” is used. Example: “16 hundred hours” in Amharic is asra sedest zero zero, and so forth. TIME CHART Western Time Ethiopian Time 6.00 AM 12 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu 7.00 AM 1 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu 8.00 AM 2 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu 9.00 AM 3 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu 10.00 AM 4 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu 11.00 AM 5 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu 12.00 AM 6 se-at (o’clock) Noon/kekenu 1.00 PM 7 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at 2.00 PM 8 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at 3.00 PM 9 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at 4.00 PM 10 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at 5.00 PM 11 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at 6.00 PM 12 se-at (o’clock) Evening/ke mesetu 7.00 PM 1 se-at (o’clock) Evening/ke meshestu 8.00 PM 2 se-at (o’clock) Evening/ke meshetu 9.00 PM 3 se-at (o’clock) At night/ke meshetu 10.00 PM 4 se-at (o’clock) At night/ke meshetu 11.00 PM 5 se-at (o’clock) At night/ke meshetu 12.00 PM 6 se-at (o’clock) Midnight/ekule lelit 1.00 AM 7 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke lelitu 2.00 AM 8 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke lelitu 3.00 AM 9 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke lelitu 4.00 AM 10 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke letitu 5.00 AM 11 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke teuatu

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CURRENCY The monetary unit of Ethiopian currency is the Birr, with 100 cents (also called centimes) to a Birr. The Birr is currently valued at around 8.60 Birr to the US dollar, subject to change every day. Copper coins are circulated in values of 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 cents. Currency notes are printed in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500 Birr. The exchange rate of the Birr against foreign currencies has been controlled by the daily Interbank Foreign Exchange Market since October 24, 2001. The Foreign Exchange Market intervention committee of the National Bank of Ethiopia monitors and controls the rate on a daily basis. Only the National Bank of Ethiopia and its authorized agents, as well as commercial banks, are allowed to exchange foreign currency against receipts. Travel and tour agents, hotels and bank branches with official permission may also deal in the exchange.

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“Some Ethiopian Celebrities.”

Liya Kebede, an international supermodel and the World Health Organization’s Goodwill Ambassador for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health

DERARTU TULU, 6-time world and Olympic gold medallist

KENENISA BEKELE, 11 world gold medals, 1 Olympic gold medal, 1 Olympic silver medal in the 10,000-meter race, and world record holder

HAILE GEBRESELASSIE, 2 Olympic gold medals and 11 world gold medals in the 10,000-meter race

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LANGUAGES Amharic, Orominga and Tigrinya are the major languages used by two-thirds of the population. Amharic is the official language of the federal government. English is the medium of instruction in the secondary section of junior colleges and universities and is widely used in business transactions, particularly in banking and insurance. (Arabic and Italian are also widely spoken.) The alphabet Ge’ez is to Ethiopia as Latin is to the West. Ge’ez, like Latin, was not used as a spoken language for a very long time. But like Latin, Ge’ez is the precursor of Ethiopia’s three major Semitic languages – the Cushitic language, the Aksumites’ language, and Greek. The Bible was translated into Ge’ez from Greek. The Greek influence is also seen in the organization of the Ge’ez letters, which is very similar to that of the Greek alphabet. Ge’ez ceased to be used as a spoken language most likely a short time before the tenth century CE. Nonetheless, it is still used today as the liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, and was the official written language during the first Axumite kingdom.

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Lesson 1 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 Geography and People

ህብረት Eና ህዝብ

This lesson will introduce you to: - simple greetings and basic introductions in Amharic - how to greet people in formal and informal situations in Ethiopia - personal pronouns - possessive pronouns - how to use the verbs “to be” and “to live” in the present tense - basic geographical names of Ethiopia.

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PEOPLE

1. Listen to these simple greetings and phrases in Amharic and repeat them after the speaker. Hello, Hi Tena Yestelegn (Formal) selam (casual) ጤና፡ይስጥልኝ Good morning Endemen Aderachew Aንደምን፡Aደራችሁ Good afternoon Endemen Walachew Aንደምን፡ዋላችሁ Good evening Endemen Ameshachew Aንደምን፡Aመሻችሁ Good night Dehena Ederu ደህና፡Aደሩ

2. Exchange greetings with your teacher and your partner. What would you say at 7 a.m., at 10 a.m., at 2 p.m., at 5 p.m., and at 10 p.m.?

3. Familiarize yourself with personal pronouns. Listen to the audio and repeat after the speaker. I Ene Aኔ you Anchi (F) Ante (M) Aንቺ/Aንተhe Esu Aሱ she Esua Aሷ we Egna Aኛ you (plural) Enante Aናንተ they Enesu Aነሱ

4. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Read the dialogues in pairs. In the morning Fana: Good morning, Kebede. (Male)

Endemen anderk kebede Aንደምን፡Aደርክ፡ከበደ

Kebede: Fine. Good morning Fana. (Female)

Dehena, Endemen adersh Fana

ደህና፡Aንደምን፡Aደርሽ፡ፋና

During the day Kebede: Good afternoon, Fana. (F)

Endemen Walsh Fana Aንደምን፡ዋልሽ፡ፋና

Fana: Good afternoon. Endemen walek Kebede Aንደምን፡ዋልክ፡ከበደ Kebede: How are you? Endemen Alesh ? Aንደምን፡Aለሽ?

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Fana: Fine. Thank you. And you? Dehena negn,anttese dehna neh?

ደህና፡ነኝ፡Aንተስ፡ደህና፡ነህ?

Kebede: Very well. Dehena negn ደሃን፡ነኝ In the Evening Kebede: Good evening, Fana. Endemen Ameshesh Fana Aንደምን፡መመሸሽ፡

ፋና Fana: Good evening, Kebede. Endemen amesheh

Kebede Aንደምን፡Aመሸሽ፡ከበደ

Kebede: How are you, Fana? Endemen alesh fana? Aንደምን፡Aለሽ፡ፋና? Fana: Fine. Thank you. And you? Dehena negn,antes

dehena neh? ደህና፡ነኝ፡Aንተስ፡ደህና፡ነህ?

Kebede: Fine. Good night. Dehana , Dehena eder ደህና፡ደህና፡Aደር Fana: Good night, Kebede.

Dehena Eder Kebede ደህና፡Aደር፡ከበደ

Informal Person A: Hi. Selam ሰላም Person B: Hi! Selam Almaz (F) ሰላም፡Aልማዝ Person A: How are you? Tadiyas? ታዲያስ? Person B: Good. And you? Alen, Anchis(F)

Antes(M)? Aለን፡Aንቺስ/Aነተስ

Person A: Good! Alen dehna Aለን፡ደህና Person B: Bye! Chio ቻው

5. Using the dialogues above as a model, compose your own similar dialogues. Work in pairs or in small groups.

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GEOGRAPHY

I am from America. Ene keamerica negn Eኔ፡ከAሜሪካ፡ነኝ You are from America.

Anet (M) Anchi (F) keamerica neh(M) nesh (F)

Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ከAሜሪካ፡ነህ/ ነሽ?

He is from America. Esu keamerica noe Eሱ፡ከAሜሪካ፡ነው She is from America. Esua Keamerica nat Eሷ፡ከAሜሪካ፡ናት It is from America. Keamerica neo ከAሜሪካ፡ነው We are from America. Egna keamerica nen Eኛ፡ከAሜሪካ፡ነን You are from America. (plural)

Enante keamerica nechew Eናንተ፡ከAሜሪካ፡ናችሁ

They are from America.

Enesu Keamerica nachew Eነሱ፡ከAሜሪካ፡ናቸው

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6. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. 1. I am Ethiopian. Ene etiopiawe negn Eኔ፡ Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነኝ I am from Ethiopi. Ene Keetiopia negn Eኔ፡ ኝ፡ከIትዮጲያ፡ነኝ 2. He is Ethiopian. Esu etiopiawe neo Eሱ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነው He is from Ethiopia. Esu Keetiopia neo Aሱ፡ከIትዮጲያ፡ነው 3. She is Ethiopian. Esua etiopiaweet nat Eሷ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ናት She is from Ethiopia. Esua keaddis abeba nat Eሷ፡ከዲስ፡Aበባ፡ናት 4. We are Ethiopians. Egna etiopiawe nen Aኛ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነን We are from Addis Ababa.

Egna keaddis abeba nen Aኛ፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነን

5. You are Ethiopian. (plural)

Enante etiopiawe nachew

Aናንተ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ናችሁ

You are from Addis Ababa.

Enante keaddis abeba nachew

Aናንተ፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ናችሁ

6. You are Ethiopian. (singular)

Anchi etiopiawe nesh(F) Ante etiopiawe neh (M)

Aንቺ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነሽ /Aንተ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነህ

7. They are Ethiopians. Enesu etiopiawe nachew

Aነሱ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ናቸው

They are from Addis Ababa.

Enesu keaddis ababa nachew

Aነሱ፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ናችው

7. Pretend you and your classmates are from America. Introduce yourself and your classmates to your friend in Amharic. Use the model below and the map. Model: I am Ethiopian. I am from Nagele. Hagos is Ethiopian. He is from Asosa. Ameha and Woyni are Ethiopians. They are from Sodo. Where are you from? Ene etiopiawe negn.?(Singular)

Aኔ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነኝ Enante etopiawe nachehu?(Plural Aናንተ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ናችሁ

Ene ke Nagele negn(Singular) Aነ፡ከነገሌ፡ነኝ Egna ke Negele nen(Plural) Aኛ፡ከነገሌ፡ነን

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Where is he (she/it) from?

Hagos etiopiawe neo? (HE) ሃጎስ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነው Lulit etiopiawe nech? (SHE) ሉሊት፡Iትዮጲያው፡ናት

Esu ke Asosa neo (HE, IT) Aሱ፡ከAሶሳ፡ነው Esua ke Assosa nat(SHE) Aሱ፡ከAሶሳ፡ነው

Where are we (they) from?

Enesu etiopiawe nachew? (They) Aነሱ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ናቸው Egna etiopiawe nen?(WE) Eኛ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነን

Enesu ke Sodo nachew(They) Eነሱው፡ከሶዶ፡ናቸው Egna ke Sodo nen(plural) Eነሱ፡ከሶዶ፡ናቸው

8. Listen to the following dialogues in Amharic. Repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. 1. A. I am from Addis Ababa.

Ene ke addis abeba negn Aኔ፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነኝ Aነተ/Aንቺ፡ከየት፡ነህ/ነሽ

Where are you from? Ente (M) Anchi (F) keyet Neh(M) Nesh (F)

B. I am from Jimma. Ene ke jimma negn Aኔ፡ከጂማ፡ነኝ 2. A. Aster is from Harar. Aster ke harar nech Aስቴር፡ከሃረር፡ነች Where is Berhane from?

Berhane ke yet newu? ብርሃኔ፡ከየት፡ነው

B. He is from Axum. Esu ke axum newu Aሱ፡ከAክሱም፡ነው 3. A. I am from Assela. Ene ke assela negn Aኔ፡ከAሰላ፡ነኝ

Aንተ፡Aና፡Aሰፋ፡ከየት፡ናችሁ?

Where are you and Assefa from?

Ante ena Assefa ke yet nachew?

B. We are from Dere Dawa.

Egna ke dere dawa nen Aኛ፡ከድሬ፡ዳዋ፡ነን

4. A. Girma is from Baher Dare.

Girma ke baher dare newu ግርማ፡ከባህር፡ዳር፡ነው ቱሉ፡Aና፡Aለሚቱ፡ከየት፡ናቸው?

Where are Tulu and Alemitu from?

Tulu ena Alemitu ke yet nachewu?

B. They are from Nekemt.

Enesu ke nekemt nachewu Aነሱ፡ከነቀምት፡ናቸው

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9. Role-play the dialogues above, using the map of Ethiopia. Am I from…? Ene ke…negn? Aኔ፡ከ…ነን?

Yes, I am. Oewo,negn Aዎ፡ነኝ

No, I am not. I, aydelehum Aይደለሁም

Are you from…? Ante(M) Aንተ/Aንቺ/ከ…ነህ/ነሽ? anchi(F) ke ……neh(M) nesh(F)

Yes, you are. Oewo,nesh(F) neh(M) Aዎ፡ነሽ/ነህ

No, you are not. I aydelehem(M) aydeleshem (F) Aይደለሁም/Aይደለሽም

Is he from…? Esu ke..? Aሱ፡ከ…?

Yes, he is. Oewo newu Aዎ፡ነው

No, he is not. I esu aydelem Aይ፡Aሱ፡Aይደለም

Is she from…? Esua ke..? Aሷ፡ከ…?

Yes, she is. Oewo nech Aዎ፡ነሽ

No, she is not. I esua aydelechem Aይ፡Aሷ፡Aይደለችም

Is it from…? Esu ke…? Eሱ፡ከ…?

Yes, it is. Oewo esu newu Aዎ፡Aሱ፡ነው

No, it is not. I esu aydelem Aይ፡Eሱ፡Aይደለም

Are we from…? Egna ke….? Eኛ፡ከ…?

Yes, we are. Oewo egna nen Aዎ፡Eኛ፡ነን

No, we are not. I egna aydelenem Aይ፡Eኛ፡Aይደለንም

Are they from…? Enesu ke…nachew? Eነሱ፡ከ…ናቸው?

Yes, they are. Oewo enesu nachewu Aዎ፡Eነሱ፡ናቸው

No, they are not. I enesu aydelum Aይ፡Eነሱ፡Aይደሉም

10. Read the following dialogues and role-play them.

1. A. Are you from Ethiopia? Ante (M) Anchi (F) Ke etiopia Neh (M) Nesh (F)? Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ከIትዮጵያ፡ ነህ/ነሽ?

B. Yes, I am Oewo Negn.;Aዎ፡ነኝ

2. A. Are you from Addis Abeba? Ante (M) Anchi(F) ke addis abeba neh (M) Nesh(F)? Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነህ/ነሽ? B. No I am not. I am from Mekele.

I Ayedelehume ke mekele negn. Aይ፡Aይደለሁም፡ከመቀሌ፡ነኝ 3. A. Is Abel from Ethiopia?

Abel ke etiopia newu? Aቤል፡ከIትዮጲያ፡ነው B. Yes, he is. Oewo newu Aዎ፡ነው

4. A. Are Tesfaye and Elsa from Desse?? Tesfye ena Elsa ke desse nachewu? ተስፋዬ፡Eና፡ኤልሳ፡ከደሴ፡ናቸው

B. Yes, they are? Oewo nachewu Aዎ፡ናቸው

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Use of weizero (Mrs.). Example: Ato Alemu, weizerit Helen, Weizero zewdi. When addressing someone older or when in a professional setting, use Ato for Mr. Also, only first names are used when addressing someone. In Ethiopia, last names are not passed on to children; a child is given his father’s first name as his last name and that child will give his first name to his child, and so forth. The concept of last names does not exist and therefore many identical names exist. For example, if a man with the first name of Habtamu has a boy and names him Alula, then the boy’s full name is Alula Habtamu. Therefore, there are a lot of identical full names in Ethiopia. Sometimes, in order to avoid confusion, people might use their grandfather’s first name. For example, if Alula has a child and names him Matios, he can be called Matios Alula Habtamu. Also, women don’t take their husbands’ names.

What is your name? Semehe maneow? What is your name? Semehe maneo? ስምህ፡ማነው? ስምህ፡ማነው? My name is Tedrros.

Seme Tedrros neow

My name is Selomon.

Seme Selomon neo.

ስሜ፡ቶቴድሮስ፡ነው ስሜ፡ሰለሞን፡ነው

I Ene Aኔ My Yene የኔ You Ante(M)

Anchi(F) Aንተ Aንቺ

Your Yante(M) Yanch(F)

ያንተ ያንቺ

He Esu Aሱ His Yesu የሱ She Esua Aሷ Her Yesua የሱዋ It Esu Aሱ Its Yesu የሱ We Egna Aኛ Our Yegna የኛ They Enesu Aነሱ Their Yenesu የነሱ

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What is her name? What is his name? Yesua sem Manew? Yesu sem Maneow? የሷ፡ስም፡ማነው? የሱ፡ስም፡ማንው?

Her name is Sara. His name is Dawit. Yesua sem Sara newu Yesu sem Dawit newu. የሷ፡ሳራ፡ነው የሱ፡ስም፡ዳዊት፡ነው

11. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. A. Good morning! Endemen

aderachwu (plural) Endemen aderk (M) Endemen adersh (F) Endemen aderu (older person)

Eንደምን፡Aደራችሁ Eንደምን፡Aደርክ Eንደምን፡Aደርሽ Eንደምን፡Aደሩ

B. Good morning! Same response

A. My name is Mulatu. What is your name?

Seme Mulatu newu Semehe(M) manewu? Semesh (F) manewu? Semot manew? (older person)

ስሜ፡ሙላቱ፡ነው ስምህ፡ማንው? ስምሽ፡ማነው? ስሞት፡ማነው?

B. My name is Abera. Seme Abera newu ስሜ፡Aበራ፡ነው A. Nice to meet you, Abera.

Selam Abera ሰላም፡Aበራ

B. Nice to meet you, Mulatu.

Selam Mulatu ሰላም፡ሙላቱ

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12. Work in pairs or in small groups. Look at the pictures and make up similar dialogues.

13. Listen to the following statements and repeat after the speaker.

My name is Bereket. ስም፡ብርክቲ፡ንው

Seme Bereket newu

His name is Mekonen. ሰም፡መኮንን፡ነው

Seme Mekonen newu

Her name is Helen. ስምዋ፡ሄለን”ነው

Semua Helen newu.

I live in Addis Ababa. Aን፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነውየምኖረው

Ene Addis Abeba newu yemenorew

He lives in Adama. Aሱ፡ኣዳማ፡ነው፡የሚኖረው

Esu adama newu yeminorewu

She lives in Axum. Aሱው፡ኣክሱም፡ነው፡

የምትኖረው Esua Axum newu yemetenorrewu

We live in Wondo Genet.

Eኛ፡ወንዶገነት፡ነው፡የመንኖረው Egna Wondo Genet neo yemenenorewu

They live in Lalibela.

Aነሱ፡ላሊበላ፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት Enesu lalibela newu yeminorut

14. Read the following sentences. Translate them into English. Check your work with the answer key. 1. Zewdi Axum newu yemetnorewu ዘውዲ፡Aክሱም፡ነው፡የምትኖረው 2. Arba Mench newu yemetnoreew (F) yemetnorew(M)? Oewo Aርባ፡ምንጭ፡ነው፡የምትኖሪው/የምትኖረው? Aዎ 3. Hiwet Debre Zeiet Atenorem ሂወት፡ደብረ፡ዘይት፡Aትኖርም 4. Yet newu yemetnoreewu(F) Yemetnorewu(M)? Yemenorew Dollo newu

የት፡ነው፡የምትኖሪው/የምትኖረው? የምኖረው፡ደምቢ፡ዶሎ፡ነው 5. Kefelu ena Rachel yet Newu yeminorut Enesu yeminorut Debre Tabor newu

ክፍሉ፡Aና፡ራሼል፡የት፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት? Aነሱ፡የሚኖሩት፡ደብረ፡ታቦር፡ነው

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15. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Make up a similar dialogue. Work in pairs or in small groups. Aንደምን፡ዋልክ Aንደን፡ዋልሽ

Endemen walek(M) Enemen Walesh(F)

Aንደምን፡ዋላችሁ ስሜ፡ሄለን፡ነው ስምህ/ስምሽ፡ማነ? 1 2 3

1) Endemen Walachehu 2) Seme Helen Newu 3) Semeh(M) semesh(F) Manewu?

ስሜ፡በላይ፡ነው Seme Belay newu ሰላም፡በላይ Selam Balay ሰላም፡ሄለን Selam Helen Aኔ፡ላሊበላ፡ነው፡የምኖረው፡Aንቺ፡የት፡ነው፡የምትኖሪው?

Ene Lalibela newu yemenorewu anchi yet Neo yemetenoreewu?

Aኔ፡ከAለም፡ከተማ፡ነኝ Ene Kalem Ketema negn

16. Imagine that you are new to the class. Ask your partner about the rest of the students (their names and where they live). Use the model below. Work in pairs or in small groups. የሱ፡ስም፡ማነው? Yesu seme manewu? የሱ፡ስም፡በከለ፡ነው Yesu seme Bekele newu. Aሱ፡የት፡ነው፡የሚኖርው? Esu yet newu yeminorewu? Aሱ፡ሞጆ፡ነው፡የሚኖረው Esu Mojo newu yeminorewu

17. What is the question? Read the answers below and reproduce the questions in Amharic. Check your work with the answer key. 1. ______________________________? I iydelehum, ene ke Deber berhane negn Aይ፡Aይደለሁም፡Eኔ፡ከደብረ፡በርሃን፡ነኝ 2.______________________________? Auo, Giggiga newu yemenorewu

Aዎ፡ጂጂጋ፡ነ፡የመንኖረው 3.______________________________? Auo esu ke Shashemenie newu Aዎ፡Eሱ፡ከሻሸመኔ፡ነው

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4._______________________________? Oewo, esua Elibabour newu yemetnorewu

Aዎ፡Eሷ፡ኤሊባቡር፡ነው፡የምትኖረው 5._______________________________? I iydelem, esu ke Addis abeba newu.

Eይ፡Aይደለም፡Eሱ፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው 6._______________________________? Auo, seme Robel newu

Aዎ፡ስሜ፡ሮቤል፡ነው 7._______________________________? I ,esu Ato.Habtamu iydelem

Aይ፡Eሱ፡Aቶ፡ሃብታሙ፡Aይደለም 8._______________________________? Auo, ene ke Adama negn. Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ከAዳማ፡ነኝ

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Read the following sentences and translate them from English into Amharic.

A. My name is Tanya. I am from Moscow. B. Do you live in Seattle? Yes. C. His name is Joe. He lives in Berlin. D. We are from Vancouver. E. My name is Maurice. I am from Chicago. F. His name is Bob. He lives in Boston. G. Her name is Susan. She lives in San Diego. H. What is your name? My name is Tony.

2. Pretend that you are at a party. Introduce yourself to other people and ask them their names, where they are from, and where they live. Work in pairs or in small groups. Use the model below. ሰላም፡ስሜ፡ደመቀ፡ነው።ስምህ/ስምሽ፡ማነው?

Selam, seme Demeke newu. Semeh(M) Semesh(F) Manewu?

ሰላም፡ስሜ፡ኤሊያስ፡ነው Selam, seme Elias newu Eኒ፡Iትዮጲያ፡ነኝ። Aንቺ/Aንተ፡ከየት፡ነህ/ነሽ?

Ene ke etiopia negn.Anchi(M) ante(M) Ke yet neh(M) nesh(F)?

Eኔ፡ከIትዮጲያ፡ነኝ Ene ke etiopia negn Eኔ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የምኖረው Ene Addis Abeba newu yemenorewu Eኔ፡ድሬ፡ዳዋ፡ነው፡የምኖረው Ene Dere Dawa newu yemenorewu

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3. Introduce your friend to your classmates. Use the model below. ስሙ፡ዮሴፍ፡ነው Semu Yoseph newu Eሱ፡ከIትዮጲያ፡ነው Esu ke etiopia newu Eሱ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነው Esu etiopiawee newu Eሱ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የምኖረው Esu addis abeba neo yminorewu

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Vocabulary List Hello Tena yestelegn ጤና፡ይስጥልኝ Hi Selam ሰላመም Good morning Endemen Adersh(F) aderk(M)

Aderachew (plural) Eንደምን፡Eደርሽ/Aደክ/Aደራችሁ

Good afternoon Endemen walek (M) walsh(F) walachehu (plural)

Eንደምን፡ዋልክ፡ዋልሽ/ዋላችሁ

Good evening Endemen ameshesh(f) amesheh(M) Ameshachew(Plural)

Eንደምን፡Aመሸሽ/Aመሸህ

Good night Dehna ederi (F) eder (M)ederu (plural)

ደህና፡Eደሪ/Eደር/Eደሩ

Good-bye Dehna whogn(F) whone(M) Whonu(Plural)

ደህና፡ሁኂ/ሁን/ሁኑ

How are you? Endemen neh(M) nesh(F) nachew(Plural)?

Eንደ፡ምን፡ነህ/ነሽ/ናችው?

Fine/ very well Betam dehna በታም፡ደህና Thank you Amesegenaleu Aመሰግናለሁ You are welcome

Menem ayedelem ምንም፡Aይደለም

My name is … Seme Helen newu ስሜ፡ሄለን፡ነው I Ene Eኔ He Esu Eሱ She Esua Eሱዋ You Ante (M) Anchi(F) Aንተ፡Aንቺ We Egna Eኛ They Enesu Eነሱ To live in Menore መኖር No I Aይ Yes Auo Aዎ To be Mehone መሆን To be from Ke mehone ከ…መሆን Where are you from?

Ke yet nesh(F) Neh(M) nachewu(P) ከየት፡ነሽ/ነህ/ናቸው

What is your name?

Semeh(F) semeh(M) maneowu ስምህ/ስምሽ፡ማነው

Where do you live?

Yet newu yemetnorewu(M) yemetnorewu(F) Yemetnorut(plural)

የት፡ነው፡የምትኖረው/የምትኖሪው/

My Yene የኔ Your Yante (M) Yanchi(F) ያንተ/ያንቺ His Yesu የሱ Her Yesua የሱዋ

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Our Yegna የኛ Their Yenesu የነሱ

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Answer Key

14. 1. Zewdi lives in Axum. 2. Do you live in Arba Mench.Yes I do. 3. Hiwet does not live in Debre Zeit. 4. Where do you live/ I live in Dollo. 5. Where do Kefelue and Rachel live? They live in Debre tabor. 17. 1. Are you from Addis abeba? Ante(M) anchi (F) ke Addis abeba neh(M) nesh(F)? 1. Aነተ/Aንቺ፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነህ/ነሽ? No, I am not. I am from Debre Berhan. I iydelehum, ene ke Deber berhane negn Aይ፡Aይደለሁም፡Eኔ፡ከደብረ፡በርሃን፡ነኝ 2. Do you live in Giggiga? Anch (F) Ante (M) Giggiga neo yemetnoreew 2.Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ጂጂጋ፡ነው፡የምትኖሩት? Yes, I live in Giggiga. Auo, Giggiga neo yemenorew Aዎ፡ጂጂጋ፡ነ፡የመንኖረው 3. Is he from Shasemene? Esu ke shashemenie neo? 3.Eሱ፡ከሻሸመኔ፡ነው? Yes, he is from sashemene. Auo esu ke Shashemenie neo Aዎ፡Eሱ፡ከሻሸመኔ፡ነው 4. Does she live in Elibabour? Esua Elibabour neo yemetnorew? 4.Eሷ፡ኤሊባቡር፡ነው፡የመትኖረው? Yes, she lives in Elibabour. Auo, esua Elibabour neo yemetnorew Aዎ፡Eሷ፡ኤሊባቡር፡ነው፡የምትኖረው 5. Is he from Harrar? Esu Ke Harar neo? 5.Eሱ፡ከሃረር፡ነው? No, he is not. He is from Addis Abeba. I iydelem, esu ke Addis abeba noe.No, Aይ፡Aይደለም፡Eሱ፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው

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6. Is your name Robel? Ante semeh Robel neo? 6.Aንተ፡ስምህ፡ሮቤል፡ነው? Yes, my name is Roblel. Auo, seme Robel neo Aዎ፡ስሜ፡ሮቤል፡ነው 7. Is he Ato.Habtamu? Esu Ato.Habtamu neo? 7.Eሱ፡Aቶ፡ሃብታሙ፡ነው? No, he is not Habtamu. I ,esu Ato.Habtamu iydelem Aይ፡Eሱ፡Aቶ፡ሃብታሙ፡Aግደለም 8. Are you from Adama? Ante (M) anchi (F) ke adama neh(M) nash(F)? 8.Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ከAዳማ፡ነህ/ነሽ? Yes, I am from Adama. Auo, ene ke Adama negn. Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ከAዳማ፡ነኝ End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. A.Yene sem Tanya neo.Ene ke Moscow negn. የኔ፡ስም፡ታንያ፡ነው።Eኔ፡ከሞስኮ፡ነን B.Ante (M) Anch(F) seattel neo yemetnorew (M) yemetnoreew(F) Auo. Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ሲያትል፡ነው፡የመትኖረው/የምትኖሪው።Aው። C.Yesu sem Joe neo.Esu Berline neo yeminorew. የሱ፡ስም፡ጆ፡ነው፡Eሱ፡በርሊን፡ነው፡የሚኖረው D.Egna ke Vancouver nen. Eኛ፡ከቫንኩቨር፡ነን E.Yne sem Maurice neo. Ene ke Chicago negn. የኔ፡ስም፡ሞሪስ፡ነው፡Eኔ፡ከሺካጎ፡ነኝ F.Yesu se Bob neo.Esu Boston neo yeminorew. የሱ፡ስም፡ቦብ፡ነው።Eሱ፡ቦስተን፡ነው፡የሚኖረው G.Yesua sem Susan neo.Esua San Diego neo yemetnorew. የሷ፡ስም፡ሱዛን፡ነው።Eሷ፡ሳንዲዬጎ፡ነው፡የምትኖረው H.Semeh man neo? Yene sem Tony neo. ስምህ፡ማን፡ናው?የኔ፡ስም፡ቶኒ፡ንው

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Lesson 2 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ኑሮ፡Eና፡ስራ Nero ena sera

Living and Working

This lesson will introduce you to: - Typical housing arrangements of most people living in Ethiopia - Using “or” in questions about living arrangements and professions - The verb “to have” in the present tense

- Names of professions (singular and plural forms).

There are several types of homes in Ethiopia. There are huts made from mud in the rural areas; there are small to medium-sized houses, there are also large villas similar to those in the West, and there are apartment buildings, mostly in large cities. The average Ethiopian in a rural area lives in a hut or a small house.

1. Look at the pictures below and listen to the words. Repeat the words after the speaker.

apartment

Aፓርትመንት Apartment

apartment building Aፓርትመንት፡ህንፃ Apartment hentsa

room ክፍል Keffel

house ቤት Bait

military camp የጦር፡ሰፍር Yetor sefer

tent ድንኻዋን Denkuan

barracks

የወታደር፡መኖሪያ Yewetaderoch Menoria

hotel ሆቴል Hotel

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2. Match the Amharic words on the left with their English equivalents on the right. Replay the audio from the previous section if necessary or check the answer key.

ድንኻን Denkaun Hotel

ክፍል Keffel Tent

ቤት Bait Barracks

Aፓርትመንት Apartment Room

ሆቴል Hotel Military camp

Aፓርትመንት፡ህንፃ Apartment hentsa House

የወታደር፡መኖሪያ Yewetaderoch menoria Apartment

የጦር፡ሰፈር Yetor sefer Apartment building

3. Read the following sentences and translate into English. Check your work with the answer key.

1. Amdy yeminorew denkuan wost newu yetor sefer. 1. Aምዲ፡የሚኖረው፡ በጦር ሰፈር ድንኩዋን፡ውስጥ፡ ነዉ 2. Ali yeminorew tenish apartment wost newu. 2. Aሊ፡የሚኖረው፡ትንሽ፡Aፓርትመንት፡ውሰጥ፡ነው፡፡ 3. Ebrahim ena Kongit telek bait wost newu yeminorut Addis Abeba. 3. Iብራሂም፡Eና፡ቆንጂት፡Aዲሰ፡Aበባ፡ትልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት 4. Samson apartment wost newu yeminorew 4. ሳምሶን፡Aፓርትመንት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የሚኖረው 5. Musse ena Berhanu yewetaderoch menoria wost newu yeminorut. 5. ሙሴ፡Eና፡በርሃኑ፡ የሚኖሩት፡የወታደሮች፡መኖሪያ፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡ 6. Biniam ena ene telek bait wost newu yemenenoreu. 6. ቢኒያም፡Eና፡Eኔ፡ትልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የምንኖረው

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4. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Then, make up similar dialogues. Work in pairs or in small groups. 1. A. I live in a big house. Where do you live?

Eኔ፡ልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የምኖረው Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ትልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው የምትኖረው/የምትኖሪው? Ene telek bait wost newu yemenorewu. Ante (M) Anchi (F) yet newu yemetenorewu (M) yemetnoreewu?

B. I live in a tent in a military camp.

Eኔ፡የምኖረው፡የጦር፡ሰፈር።ድንኩ ዋን፡ውስጥ፡ነው Ene yemnorew yetor sefer Denkuan wost newu

2. A. Zenebe lives in the hotel. Where does Mimi live?

ዘነበ፡ሆቴል፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የሚኖረው ሚሚ፡የት፡ነው፡የምትኖረው? Zenebe hotel wost newu yeminorewu.Mimi yet newuyemetnorewu?

B. Mimi lives in an apartment building.

ሚሚ፡Aፓርትመንት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡ የምትኖረው Mimi apartment hentsa wost Newu yemetnorewu.

3. A. We live in the barracks. Where do Yoseph and Eleni live?

Eኛ፡ወታደሮች፡የወታደሮች፡መኖሪያ፡ ነው፡የምንኖረው ዮሴፍ፡Eና፡Iሌኒ፡የት፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት? Egan Yewotaderoch menoria Neo emenenorew. Yoseph ena Eleni yet newu yeminorut?

B. They live in the military camp.

Eነሱ፡የሚኖሩት፡የጦር፡ሰፈር፡ነው Enesu yeminorut yetor sefer newu

The use of “or” in Amharic has the same structure as in English grammar. OR – woynes. Does he live in America or Ethiopia? Esu America neo woynes ethipia yeminorew. Do you go by bus or by car? Ante bu autobus neo woynes bu mekina yemetyade. 5. Read the following dialogues. Make up similar dialogues using the words below. Work in pairs or in small groups. 1. A. Do you live in a house or in an apartment?

Ante yemetnore bait wost newu woynes Apartment wost? Aንተ፡የምትኖረው፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡ወይንስ፡ Aፓርትመንት፡ውስጥ?

B. I live in a house. Ene yemenorew bait wost newu Eኔ፡የምኖረው፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው

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2. A. Do they live in a hotel or in an apartment building?

Enesu yeminorut hotel wost nowu woynes apartment hentsa wost? Eነሱ፡የሚኖሩት፡ሆቴል፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡ወይንስ፡ Aፓርትመንት፡ውስጥ፡ነው?

B. They live in an apartment building. Enesu yeminorut apartment hentsa wost newu. Eነሱ፡የሚኖሩት፡Aፓርትመንት፡ ህንፃ፡ውስጥ፡ነው

6. Compose choice questions using the model and the words below. Model: Do you live in a tent or in the barracks? ante denkuan wost neo woynes yewetaderoch menoria yemtnorew Aንተ፡ድንኩዋን፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡ወይንም፡የወታደሮች፡መኖሪያ፡የምትኖረው Aነተ Ente(M) Anchi(f) ድንኻዋን፡የወታደር Denkuan/ yewotaderoch menoria Eነሱ Enesu ሆቴል Hotel/Bait Eሱ Esu Eሱ Apartment hentsa/yetor sefer Eሷ Esua Eሱዋ Kefel/bait Eኛ Egna Eኛ Apartment/hotel

7. Listen to the speaker and circle the words you hear. Check your work with the answer key. 1. house apartment barracks hotel apartment building military camp room tent 2. house apartment barracks hotel apartment building military camp room tent 3. house apartment barracks hotel apartment building military camp room tent 4. house apartment barracks hotel apartment building military camp room tent

8. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. 1 I have a house in Addis Ababa. Eኔ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ቤት፡Aለኝ

Ene addis abeba bait alegn 2 We have a room in an apartment building.

Eኛ፡Aፓርትመንት፡ህንሳ፡ውስት፡ክፍል፡Aለን Egna apartment hentsa wost Kefel alen

3. Serak has an apartment in Nazret. ሲራክ፡ናዝሬት፡Aፓርትመንት፡Aለው

Serak Nazret apartment alewu 4. Himanot and Petros have a house in Mekele.

ሀይማኖት፡Eና፡ጴጥሮስ፡መቀሌ፡ቤት፡AላAቸው Himanot ena petros Mekele Bait alachew

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9. Make up sentences using the correct form of the verb “to have.” Model: I have an apartment. ene apartment alegn Eኔ፡Aፓርትመንት፡Aለኝ Ene Eኔ

Alegn Aለኝ

Ante (M) Anchi (F) Aንተ/Aንቺ

aleh (M) alesh(F) Aለህ/Aለሽ

Esu Eሱ

Alewu Aለው

Esua Eሷ

Alat Aላት

Esu Eሱ

Alewu Aለው

Egna Eኛ

Alen Aለን

Enesu Eነሱ

Apartment Aፓርትመንት

Alachewu Aላቸው

In Ethiopia there are many kinds of jobs, but the majority of those who live in the rural areas are farmers. However, in the cities, especially in the capital Addis Ababa, there are small business owners, government employees, and large business owners; there are both blue-collar and white-collar jobs. There is a big problem with unemployment in the capital due to unskilled people coming into the city from the rural areas looking for work.

10. Listen to the new vocabulary related to professions and repeat after the speaker. Profession Sera ስራ Doctor Doctor ዶክተር Nurse Nurse ነርስ Laborer Yeken serategna የቀን፡ሰራተኛ Teacher Astemari Aስተማሪ Student Temari ተማሪ Soldier Wetader ወታደር Mechanic Mechanic መካኒክ Farmer Gebere ገበሬ Police Officer Police ፖሊስ Waitress Astenagage Aስተናጋጅ Interpreter Asterguami Aስተርጉዋሚ

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11. Circle the more likely profession of the two choices under the photo. Check the answer key.

Nurse woynes astemari ? ነርስ፡ወይንስ፡AስተAምሪ?

Police woynes geberre? ፖሊስ፡ወይንስ፡ገበሬ?

Astenagage woynes doctor?

Aስተናጋጅ፡ወይንስ፡ዶክተር? wetader Woynes asterguami?

ወታደር፡ወይንስ፡Aስተርጉዋሚ?

12. Match the Amharic words on the right with their English equivalents on the left. Check the answer key. 1. Profession Aስተናጋጅ A.Astenagag 2. Doctor ዶክተር B.Gebere 3. Nurse ነርስ C.Asterguami 4. Laborer Aስተማሪ D.Serra 5. Teacher ነርስ E.Nurse 6. Student ፖሊስ F.Police 7. Soldier ወታደር G.Doctor 8. Mechanic የክን፡ሰራተኝ H.Yeken serategna 9. Farmer ተማሪ I.Temari 10. Police Officer ወታደር J.Wetader 11. Waitress መካኒክ K.Mechanic 12. Interpreter Aስተማሪ L.Astemari

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In English we usually add an -s at the end of a word to make the plural. In Amharic, we add woch.

13. Listen to the plural form of nouns related to the names of professions, and repeat after the speaker. Profession - professions ስራ ሰራዎች Sera Serawoch Doctor - doctors ዶክተር ዶክተሮችህ Doctor Doctorwoch Nurse - nurses ነርስ ነርሶች Nurse Nursewoch Laborer - laborers የቀን፡ሰራተኛ የቀን፡ሰራተናዎች Yeken serategna Yeken serategnwoch Teacher - teachers ኣስተማሪ ኣስተማሪዎች Astemari Astemariwoch Student - students ተማሪ ተማሪዎች Temari Temariwoch Soldier - soldiers ወታደር ወታደሮች Wetader Wetaderwoch Mechanic - mechanics መካኒክ መካኒኮች Machanic Mechanicwoch Farmer - farmers ገበሬ ገበሬዎች Gebere Geberewoch Police officer - police officers ፖሊስ ፖሊሶች Police Policewoch Waitress - waitresses Aስተናጋጅ Aስተናጋጆች Astenagage astenagagewoch Interpreter - interpreters Aስተርጉዋሚ ኣስተርጉዋሚዎች Asterguami Asterguamiwoch

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14. Listen to the speaker and put a circle around each word you hear. Replay the audio as many times as you need to. Check your work with the answer key. A. He is a mechanic / farmer. A. Eሱ፡ገበሬ፡ነው B. They are teachers / doctors. B. Eነሱ፡Aስተማሪውች፡ናቸው C. She is an interpreter / student. C. Eሷ፡Aስተርጉዋሚ፡ናት D. They are police officers / soldiers. D. Eነሱ፡ወታደሮች፡ናቸው

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Give a brief introduction of yourself, listing your name, where you are from, where you live, and what your occupation is in Amharic.

2. Listen to the recording and circle all the professions you hear. Check the answer key. A. 1. waitress 2. police officer 3. interpreter B. 1. nurse 2. teacher

3. farmer

C. 1. doctor 2. nurse 3. student

3. Reproduce the questions to the following answers. 1. ___________________________? ስሜ፡Aሌክስ፡ነው Seme Alex newu. 2. ___________________________? Eኔ፡ከIትዮጲያ፡ነኝ Ene ke etiopia negn. 3. ___________________________? Aዎ፡Eኔ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የምኖረው Auo,ene Addis Abeba newu yemenorewu . 4. ___________________________? Eኔ፡Aፓርትመንት፡Aለኝ I,ene apartment alegn 5. ___________________________? Aዎ፡Eኔ፡መካኒክ፡ነኝ Auo ene mechanic negn

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Vocabulary List Apartment Apartment Aፓርትመንት Apartment building Apartment hentsa Aፓርትመንት፡ህንፃ Barracks Yewetaderoch menoria የወታደሮችህ፡መኖሪያ Military camp Wetaderawi menesha ወታደራዊ፡መነሻ House Bait ቤት Tent Denkuan ድንካዋን Room kefel ክፍል Big Telek ትልቅ Small Tenesh ትንሽ Profession/professions Sera/ serawoch ስራ/ስራዎች Farmer/farmers Gebere/ geberewoch ገበሬ/ገበሮች Doctor/doctors Doctor/doctorwoch ዶክተር/ዶክተሮች Nurse/nurses Nure/nursewoch ነርስ/ነርሶች Laborer/laborers Yeken serategna/serategnawoch የቀን፡ሰራተኛ/የቀን፡ሰራተኛዎች Teacher/teachers Astemari/astemariwoch Aስተማሪ/Aስተማሪዎች Student/students Temari/temariwoch ተማሪ/ተማሪዎች Soldier/soldiers Wetader/wetaderwoch ወታደር/ወታደሮች Mechanic/mechanics Mechanic/mechanicwoch መካኒክ/መካኒኮች Waitress/waitresses Astenagage/astenagagewoch Aስተናጋጅ/Aስተናጋጅዎች Interpreter/interpreters Asterguami/asterguamiwoch Aስተርጉዋሚ/Aስተርጉዋሚዎች Police officer/ police officers

Police/policewoch ፖሊስ/ፖሊስዎች

To have menor መኖር

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Answer Key 2.

ድንኻን 1.Denkaun /B A.Hotel

ክፍል 2.Keffel/D B.Tent

ቤት 3.Bait/F C.Barracks

Aፓርትመንት 4.Apartment/G D.Room

ሆቴል 5.Hotel/A E.Military camp

Aፓርትመንት፡ህንፃ 6.Apartment hentsa/H F.House

የወታደር፡መኖሪያ 7.Yewetaderoch menoria/E G.Apartment

የጦር፡ሰፈር 8.Yetor sefer/C H.Apartment building

3. 1. Amdy lives in a tent at a military camp.

1. Amdy yeminorew denkuan wost newu yetor sefer. 1.Aምዲ፡የሚኖረው፡ በጦር ሰፈር ድንኩዋን፡ውስጥ፡ ነዉ 2.Ali lives in a small apartment. 2. Ali yeminorew tenish apartment wost newu. 2.Aሊ፡የሚኖረው፡ትንሽ፡Aፓርትመንት፡ውሰጥ፡ነው፡፡ 3. Ebrahim ans konjit live inside a big house in Addis Abeba. 3. Ebrahim ena Kongit telek bait wost newu yeminorut Addis Abeba. 3.Iብራሂም፡Eና፡ቆንጂት፡Aዲሰ፡Aበባ፡ትልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት 4. Samson lives in an apartment. 4. Samson apartment wost newu yeminorew 4.ሳምሶን፡Aፓርትመንት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የሚኖረው 5. Musse and Berhanu live in barracks. 5. Musse ena Berhanu yewetaderoch menoria wost newu yeminorut. 5.ሙሴ፡Eና፡በርሃኑ፡ የሚኖሩት፡የወታደሮች፡መኖሪያ፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡ 6. Biniam and I live in a big house. 6. Biniam ena ene telek bait wost newu yemenenoreu.

6.ቢኒያም፡Eና፡Eኔ፡ትልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የምንኖረው

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7. 1. የወታደሮች፡መኖሪያ Yewetaderoch menoria barracks 2. ቤት Bait house 3. የጦር፡ሰፈር Yetor sefer military camp 4. Aፓርትመንት Apartment apartment

11.

Nurse woynes astemari ?

Nurse or teacher? ነርስ፡ወይንስ፡AስተAምሪ?

Police woynes geberre? Police or farmer?

ፖሊስ፡ወይንስ፡ገበሬ?

Astenagage woynes doctor?

waitress or doctor? Aስተናጋጅ፡ወይንስ፡ዶክተር?

wetader Woynes asterguami? Soldier or interpreter?

ወታደር፡ወይንስ፡Aስተርጉዋሚ?

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12. 1. Profession D Aስተናጋጅ A.Astenagag 2. Doctor G ዶክተር B.Gebere 3. Nurse E ነርስ C.Asterguami 4. Laborer H Aስተማሪ D.Serra 5. Teacher L ነርስ E.Nurse 6. Student I ፖሊስ F.Police 7. Soldier J ወታደር G.Doctor 8. Mechanic K የክን፡ሰራተኝ H.Yeken serategna 9. Farmer B ተማሪ I.Temari 10. Police Officer F ወታደር J.Wetader 11. Waitress A መካኒክ K.Mechanic 12. Interpreter C Aስተማሪ L.Astemari

14.

A. Esu gebere neo. (farmer) Eሱ፡ገበሬ፡ነው B. Enesu astemariwoch nachew. (teachers) Eነሱ፡Aስተማሪውች፡ናቸው C. Esua asterguami nat. (interpreter) Eሷ፡Aስተርጉዋሚ፡ናት D. Enesu wetaderwoch nachew. (soldiers) Eነሱ፡ወታደሮች፡ናቸው End-of-Lesson Tasks 2. A. 1 waitress Aሰተናጋጅ Astenagage B. 2 teacher Aስተማሪ Astemari C. 3 student ተማሪ Temari

3. 1. What is your name? ስምህ፡ማነው? Semehe manew? ስሜ፡Aሌክስ፡ነው Seme Alex newu. 2. Where are you from? Aነት/Aንቺ፡ከየት፡ነህ/ነሽ? Ante(M) anchi (F) keyet neh (M) nesh(F)? Eኔ፡ከIትዮጲያ፡ነኝ Ene ke etiopia negn.

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3. Do you live in Addis Ababa? Aንተ/Aንቺ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የምትኖረው/የምትኖሪው? Ante (M) anchi(F) Addis Abeba neo yemetnorew(M) yemetnoreew? Aዎ፡Eኔ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የምኖረው Auo,ene Addis Abeba newu yemenorewu . 4. Do you live in a house? Aነተ/Aንቺ፡ቤት፡Aለህ/Aለሽ? Ante (M) Anch(F) bait aleh(M) alesh(F)? Eኔ፡Aፓርትመንት፡Aለኝ I,ene apartment alegn 5. Are you a mechanic? Aንተ/Aንቺ፡መካኒክ፡ነህ/ነሽ? Auo ene mechanic negn Aዎ፡Eኔ፡መካኒክ፡ነኝ Auo ene mechanic negn

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Lesson 3 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 Yesament kenoch,kuteroch, Yesew edmewoch

የሳምንት፡qኖች:ቁጥሮች፡የሰው፡Eድሜዎች Days of the Week, Numbers, Ages of People

This lesson will introduce you to: - Days of the week - Numbers from 0 to 100 - How to understand and respond to questions about what day it is - How to find out somebody’s age and tell how old you are.

1. Listen to the days of the week and repeat them after the speaker. Monday Segno ሰኞ Tuesday Maksegno ማክሰኞ Wednesday Erob Eሮብ Thursday Hamus ሃሙስ Friday Areb Aርብ Saturday Kedame ቅዳሜ Sunday Ehud Eሁድ

Read the days of the week several times, practicing pronunciation. Replay the audio if necessary.

2. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. Role-play the dialogues using the names of the other days of the week. Work in pairs or in small groups. Ehud Maksegno Hamus kedame Erob Arbe 1. What day is it today? Kenu menden newu zare ቀኑ፡ምንድን፡ነው፡ዛሬ Today is Monday. Zare segno newu ዛሪ፡ሰኞ፡ነው 2. Is today Monday? Segno newu zari? ሰኞ፡ነው፡ዛሬ? Yes, today is Monday. Auo,zare kenu segno newu Aዎ።ዛሬ፡ስኞ፡ነው 3. Is today Monday? Segno newu zare? ስኖ፡ነዉ፡ዛሬ? No, today is Tuesday. I, zare kenu maksegno newu. Aይ፡ዛሬ፡ከኑ፡ማክሰኖ፡ነው

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3. Listen to the pronunciation and read the numbers from 0 to 10.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 zero aned hulet sost arat amest sedest sebat sement zetegn aser ዜሮ Aንድ ሁለት ሶስት Aራት Aምስት ስድስት ሰባት ስምንት ዘጠኝ Aስር

4. Read the following dialogue. A. What is your telephone number?

Yante(M) yanchi(F) silk Kuter cent neo

ያንተ/ያንቺ፡ስልክ፡q#_ር፡ስንት፡ነው?

B. My telephone number is (360) 984 – 0217.

Yene silk kuter (360)984-0217

የኔ፡ስልክ፡q#_ር፡(360)984-0217

A. What is your house (apartment) number?

Yante(M) yanchi(F) bait (apartment) cent newu?

ያነተ/ያንቺ፡ቤት/Aፓርትመንት፡ስንት፡ነዉ?

B. My house (apartment) number is 10456.

Yene bait (apartment) kuter 10456 newu.

የኔ/ቤት፡Aፓርትመንት፡q#_ር፡10456 ነው

5. Using the numbers above, tell in Amharic your telephone number, house number, and apartment number according to the model below. My telephone number is… Yene silk kuter….newu የኔ፡ስልክ፡q#_ር፡……ነው My house number is… Yene bait kuter …..newu የኔ፡ቤት፡q#_R…….ነው My apartment number is… Yene apartment kuter… newu የኔ፡ኣፓርትመንት፡q#_ር….ነው

6. Pretend that you are in the hospital. Your classmate is a medical receptionist who wants to know your name, your telephone number, and your house number. Role-play the dialogue using Exercise 4 as a model.

7. Listen to the sentences and write down the missing numbers you hear. Check your work with the answer key. Model: Yene silk kuter amest(5) sedest (6) sebat(7) sement(8) arat(4) neo. የኔ፡ስልክ፡ቁጥር፡Aምስት፡ስድስት፡ሰባት፡ስምንት፡Aራት፡ነው

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1. Yene silk kuter 67_____653. 2. Yene silk kuter 432_____01. 3. Yene silk kuter 89645_____. 4. Yene silk kuter 4___0692. 5. Yene silk kuter 978____645. All numbers from 11 to 19 begin with asra and continue with the number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. For example, number 11 is asra-aned, 12 is asra-hulet, 13 asra-sost and so forth.

8. Listen as the speaker says the numbers 11 to 20. Repeat after the speaker. They are recorded at a slower rate and at a normal rate of speech. 11 eleven 11 asra-aned AስራAንድ 12 twelve 12 asra-hulet Aስራሁለት 13 thirteen 13 asra-sost Aስራሶስት 14 fourteen 14 asra-arat AስራAራት 15 fifteen 15 asra-amst AስራAምስት 16 sixteen 16 asra-sedest Aስራስድስት 17 seventeen 17 asra-sebat Aስራሰባት 18 eighteen 18 asra-sement Aስራስምን 19 nineteen 19-asra-zetegn Aስራዘተኝ 20 twenty 20 haya ሃያ

9. Practice saying the following numbers in Amharic: 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 The same rules that apply to the numbers 11 to 19 also apply for the numbers from 21 to 29. Haya is 20, and so we begin the number 21 with haya-aned, 22 haya-hulet, 23 haya-sost and so forth. 21 twenty-one 21 haya-aned ሃያሁለት 22 twenty-two 22 haya-hulet ሃያAንድ 23 twenty-three 23 haya-sost ሃያሶስት 24 twenty-four 24 haya-arat ሃያAራት 25 twenty-five 25 haya-amst ሃያAምሰት 26 twenty-six 26 haya-sedest ሃያስድስት 27 twenty-seven 27 haya-sebat ሃያስባት 28 twenty-eight 28 haya-sement ሃያስምንት 29 twenty-nine 29 haya-zetegn ሃያዘተኛ

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10. Read the texts and translate into English. Check your work with the answer key. 1.Seme Bekele neo. Ene Addis Abeba neo yemenore. Ene bait alegn. Yene bait kuter haya-aned neo. ስሜ፡በቀለ፡ነው።Eኔ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የማኖረው።Eኔ፡ቤት፡Aለኝ፡የኔ፡ቤት፡ቁጥር፡ሃያ፡Aንድ፡ነው 2. Haile wetader neo. Haile yeminorew apartment wost neo. Yesu apartment kuter haya-amest neo. ሃይሌ፡ወታደር፡ነው።ሃይሌ፡የሚኖረው፡Aፓርትመንት፡ውስጥ፡ነው።የሱ፡Aፓርትመንት።ቁትር፡ ሃያ፡Aምስት፡ነው 3. Yesua seme Hirut neo. Esua astemari nat. Esua yemetnorew bait wost neo. Yesua bait kuter asra-sedest neo. የሷ፡ስም፡ሂሩት፡ነው።ኣሷ፡Aስተማሪ፡ናት።Eሷ፡የምትኖረው፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው።የሷ፡ቤት፡ቁጥር፡ Aሳራ፡ስድስት፡ነው 4. Matios ena senaiet Mekele bait alachew. Yenesu bait kuter asra-arat neo. ማቲዎስ፡Eና፡ሰናይት፡መቀሌ፡ቤት፡Aላቸው።የነሱ፡ቤት፡ቁጥር፡Aስራ፡Aራት፡ነው

11. Listen to the speaker and circle the number you hear in each row. A. 1 - 10 - 21 B. 2 - 12 - 22 C. 3 - 13 - 23 D. 4 - 14 - 24 E. 5 - 15 - 25 F. 6 - 16 - 26 G. 7 - 17 - 27 H. 8 - 18 - 28 I. 9 - 19 - 29

12. Listen to the next set of numbers, spoken both slowly and at a normal rate of speech. Repeat after the speaker. 30 thirty selasa ሰላሳ 40 forty arba Aርባ 50 fifty hamsa ሃምሳ 60 sixty selssa ስልሳ 70 seventy seba ሰባ 80 eighty semania ሰማኒያ 90 ninety zetena ዘጠና 100 one hundred meto መቶ

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13. Practice saying the following numbers in Amharic. 30, 31, 40, 42, 50, 53, 60, 64, 70, 75, 80, 86, 90, 97, 100. The issue of asking someone’s age is the same as in America. It all depends on how well you know the person, how long you have known the person, and how close you are to the person. It is acceptable to ask young people their ages, but when it’s an older person or a woman, it depends on how closely you know the person. If it is in a professional setting and you are in a position where you have to know their age it’s not an issue.

14. Listen to several short exchanges asking about ages. Repeat after the speaker. 1. A. How old are you? Cent ameteh(M) ametesh(F)

neo? ስንት፡Aመትህ/Aመትህ፡ነው?

B. I am 32 years old. Ene selasa-hulet amete neo. Eኔ፡ሰላሳ፡ሁለት፡Aመቴ፡ነው 2. A. How old is he? Cent ametu neo esu? ስንት፡Aመቱ፡ነው? B. He is 11. Esu asra-aned ametu neo Eሱ፡Aስራ፡Aንድ፡Aመቱ፡ነው 3. A. How old is she? Cent ametua neo esua? ስንት፡Aመቱዋ፡ነው፡Eሷ? B. She is 86 years old. Esua semania-sement ametua

neo. Eሱ፡ሰማኒያ፡ስማንት፡Aመቷ፡ ነው።

4. A. Is she 34 years old? Esua selasa-arat ametua neo? Eሷ፡ሰላሳ፡Aራት፡Aመትዋ፡ነው? B. No, she is 35. I esua selasa-amest nat Aይ፡Eሷ፡ሰላሳ፡Aምስት፡ናት 5. A. Are you 21? Ante haya-aned ameteh neo? Aንተ፡ሃያ፡Aንድ፡Aመትህ፡ነው? B. Yes, I am 21. Auo, ene haya-aned amete

neo. Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ሃያ፡Aንድ፡Aመቴ፡ነው

6. A. What is your age? Edemhe cent neo? Eድሜህ፡ስንት፡ነው? B. I am 47. Ene arba-sebat negn. Eኔ፡Aርባ፡ሰባት፡ነኝ

15. Read the above dialogues again. Work in pairs and role-play the dialogues with a classmate. 16. Tell your classmates in Amharic how old you are and ask them about their ages.

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17. Listen and match the age with the name. Check the answer key. Mebrat 11 Abreham 72 Frewot 52 Kedija 29 Gebre 43

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the following statements in Amharic. Answer the questions. Check your work with the answer key.

A. Selam seme Alula neo. Ene haya-sedest neo. Ene police negn. ሰላም፡ስሜ፡Aሉላ፡ነው።Eኔ፡ሃያ፡ስድስት፡Aመቴ፡ነው።Eኔ፡ፖሊስ፡ነኝ።

1. ስሙ፡ማን፡ነው? Semu manne neo? 2. ስንት፡Aመቱ፡ነው? Cent ametu neo? 3. ስራው፡ምንድን፡ነው? Sraw menden neo?

B. Yesu sem Belachew newu. Esu arba ametu newu. Esu wetader newu.

የሱ፡ስም፡በላቸው፡ነው።Eሱ፡Aርባ፡Aመቱ፡ነው።Eሱ፡ወታደር፡ነው። ስሙ፡ማን፡ነው? Semu manne neo? ስንት፡Aመቱ፡ነው? Cent ametu neo? ስራው፡ምንድን፡ነው? Sraw menden neo?

C. Yesu sem Beletech neo. Esu arba-arat ametua neo. Esua astemari nat.

የሷ፡ስም፡በለጠች፡ነው።Eሷ፡Aርባ፡Aመትዋ፡ነው።Eሷ፡Aስተማሪ፡ናት።

ስሟ፡ማነው? Yesua sem manne neo? ስንት፡Aመቱ፡ነው? Cent ametua neo? ስራዋ፡ምንድን፡ነው? Srawa menden neo? 2. Recite the following in Amharic. Ask what day it is. Say what day it is today. Ask someone’s age. Say how old you are.

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Vocabulary List Today Zare ዛሬ Year Amet Aመት Monday Segno ሰኛ Tuesday Maksegno ማክሰኝ Wednesday Erob Eሮብ Thursday Hamus ሃሙስ Friday Areb Aርብ Saturday kedame ቅዳሜ Sunday Eude Eሁድ Telephone Silk(telephone) ስልክ Old Aroge Aሮጌ How old are you? Edemeh (M) edemesh(F) cent

newu? Eድሜህ፡Eድሜስች፡ስንት፡ነው?

What day is it today? Zare kenu menden newu? ዛሬ፡፡መንደን፡ነው? Today is Monday. Zare segno newu ዛሬ፡ሰኝ፡ነው I am 25 years old. Ene haya-amest amete newu. Eኔ፡ሃያ፡Aምስት፡Aመቴ፡ነው 0 zero zero ዜሮ 1 one Aned Aንድ 2 two Hulet ሁለት 3 three Sost ሶስት 4 four Arat Aራት 5 five Amest Aምስት 6 six Sedest ስድስት 7 seven Sebat ሰባት 8 eight Sement ስምንት 9 nine Zetegn ዘተኛ 10 ten Aser Aስር 11 eleven Asra-aned AስራAንድ 12 twelve Asra-hulet Aሰራሁለት 13 thirteen Asra-sost Aስራሶስት 14 fourteen Asra-arat AስራAራት 15 fifteen Asra-amest AስራAምስት 16 sixteen Asra-sedest Aስራስድስት 17 seventeen Asra-sebat Aስራሰባት 18 eighteen Asra-sement Aስራስምንት 19 nineteen Asra-zetgn Aስራዘተን 20 twenty Haya ሃያ 21 twenty-one Haya-aned ሃያAንድ 22 twenty-two Haya-hulet ሃያሁለት 23 twenty-three Haya-sost ሃያሶስት 24 twenty-four Haya-arat ሃያAራት

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25 twenty-five Haya-amest ሃያኣመስት 26 twenty-six Haya-sedest ሃያስድስት 27 twenty-seven Haya-sebat ሃያሰባት 28 twenty-eight Haya-sement ሃያስምንት 29 twenty-nine Haya-zetegn ሃያዘተኝ 30 thirty Selasa ሰላሳ 40 forty Arba ኣርባ 50 fifty Hamsa ኣርባAንድ 60 sixty Selsa ስልሳ 70 seventy Seba ሰባ 80 eighty Semania ሰማኒያ 90 ninety Zetena ዘተና 100 one hundred Meto መቶ

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Answer Key 7. Yene silk kuter sedest (6)sebat(7) arat (4) Sedest(6) amest(5) sost (3) neo. የኔ፡ስልክ፡ቁትር፡ሰደስት፡ሰባት፡ስደስት፡Aመስት፡ሶስት 2.Yene silk kuter arat(4) sost(3) hulet(2) amest(5)zero(0) aned(1) neo. የኔ፡ስልክ፡ቁትር፡Aራት፡ሶስት፡ሁለት፡ዜሮ፡Aንድ 3.Yene silk kuter sement(8) zetgn(9) sedest(6) arat (4) amest(5) Zero (0) neo. የኔ፡ስልክ፡ቁትር፡ስምንት፡ዘተኝ፡ስድስት፡Aራት፡Aምስት 4.Yene silk kuter arat(4) sost (3)zero(0) sedest(6) zetegn(9) hulet(2) neo. የኔ፡ስልክ፡ቁትር፡Aራት፡ዜሮ፡ስድስት፡ዘተኝ፡ሁለት 5. Yene silk kuter zetegn(9) sebat(7) sement(8) hulet (2)sedest(6) arat(4) amest(5) neo. የኔ፡ስልክ፡ቁትር፡ዘጠኝ፡ሰባት፡ስምንት፡ስድስት፡Aራት፡Aምስት

10. 1. My name is Bekele. I live in Addis Ababa. I have a house. My house number is twenty one. 1. Seme Bekele neo. Ene Addis Abeba neo yemenore. Ene bait alegn. Yene bait kuter haya-aned neo. ስሜ፡በቀለ፡ነው።Eኔ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የማኖረው።Eኔ፡ቤት፡Aለኝ፡የኔ፡ቤት፡ቁጥር፡ሃያ፡Aንድ፡ነው 2. Haile is a soldier. Haile lives in an apartment. His apartment number is twenty five. 2. Haile wetader neo. Haile yeminorew apartment wost neo. Yesu apartment kuter haya-amest neo. ሃይሌ፡ወታደር፡ነው።ሃይሌ፡የሚኖረው፡Aፓርትመንት፡ውስጥ፡ነው።የሱ፡Aፓርትመንት።ቁትር፡ ሃያ፡Aምስት፡ነው 3. Her name is Hirut. She is a teacher. She lives in a house. Her house number is sixteen. 3. Yesua seme Hirut neo. Esua astemari nat. Esua yemetnorew bait wost neo. Yesua bait kuter asra-sedest neo. የሷ፡ስም፡ሂሩት፡ነው።ኣሷ፡Aስተማሪ፡ናት።Eሷ፡የምትኖረው፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው።የሷ፡ቤት፡ቁጥር፡ Aሳራ፡ስድስት፡ነው 4. Matios and Senaiet have a house in Mekele. Their house number is fourteen. 4. Matios ena senaiet Mekele bait alachew. Yenesu bait kuter asra-arat neo. ማቲዎስ፡Eና፡ሰናይት፡መቀሌ፡ቤት፡Aላቸው።የነሱ፡ቤት፡ቁጥር፡Aስራ፡Aራት፡ነው

11. A. 10 Aser Aስር B. 12 asra-hulet Aስራሁለት C. 13 asra-sost Aስራሶስት D. 24 asra-arat AስራAራት

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E. 5 amest Aምስት F. 16 asra-sedest Aስራስድስት G. 27 haya-sebat ሃይሰባት H. 18 asra-semnt Aስራስምንት I. 29 haya-zetgn ሃያዘጠኝ 17. A. Frewot hamsa-hulet ametua neo.

ፍሬ፡ሂወት፡ሃምሳ፡Aመትዋ፡ነው Frewot is fifty-two years old.

B. Mebrat asra-aned nat areb.

መብራት፡Aሳር፡Aንድ፡ናት፡Aርብ Mebrat is forty on friday

C. Kedija selasa nat? I esua haya-zetegn nat.

ከዲጃ፡ሰላሳ፡ናት?Aይ፡Eሷ፡ሃያ፡ ዘጠኝ፡ናት

Is kedija thirty? She is twenty-nine

D. Abreham seba-hulet ametu neo.

Aብረሃም፡ሰባ፡ሁለት፡Aመትዋ፡ነው Abraham is seventy-two years old

E. Gebre cent ametu neo? Esu Arba-sost ametu neo.

ገብሬ፡ስንት፡Aመቱ፡ነው? Eሱ፡ Aርባ፡ሶስት፡Aመቱ፡ነው

How old is Gebre? He is forty-three years old

End of Lesson Tasks 1. A. Hi, my name is Alula. I am 26 years old. I am a police officer. B. His name is Belachew. He is 40. He is a soldier. C. Her name is ABeletech. She is 44. She is a teacher.

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Lesson 4 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 የሁልቀን፡Eንቅስቃሴ

Yehuleken Enkesekase Daily Activities

This lesson will introduce you to: - how to ask for and tell time - typical daily activities in Ethiopia - the verbs “to go,” “to study,” “to play,” “to work,” “to watch,” “to read,” “to eat,” and

“to get up” - the past tense of the verbs.

In Ethiopia, the “top of the day” begins at the top of the clock. The beginning of the day is taken to be 6:00 a.m. Western time—therefore 6:00 a.m. Western time is “12:00 in the morning” in Ethiopia; 12 noon Western time is 6:00 noon in Ethiopia; 6:00 p.m. Western time is 12:00 in the evening Ethiopia time, etc. The division of the day into a.m. and p.m. is not used in Ethiopia. Instead, quadrants of time are described according to the part of day, e.g., morning, afternoon, evening, night. Western time and corresponding Ethiopian time can be seen on the following chart. Although this way of keeping time is the only way, in some circumstances, such as booking an airline flight or in certain professional settings, AM and PM are used. Military time is the same as in America, but instead of using “hundred,” “zero zero” is used. Example: “16 hundred hours” in Amharic is asra sedest zero zero, and so forth. Morning is ke tuatu; afternoon is kekenu, evening is kemeshetu, and night is ke llitu; this is how AM and PM are distinguished. -- Quarter past (ke rueb); half past is (tekule) and quarter until is (rueb gudie). Ke is past. Example: five past ten is Aser ke amest. Amharic does not have the equivalent of “ten ten” or “ten twenty.” You should always use ke, which is past, and gudie, which is until. Example: “Twenty until” is haya gudie.

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Western Time Ethiopian Time Time Designation 6.00 AM 12 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu ከጠዋቱ 7.00 AM 1 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu ከጠዋቱ 8.00 AM 2 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu ከጠዋቱ 9.00 AM 3 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu ከጠዋቱ 10.00 AM 4 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu ከጠዋቱ 11.00 AM 5 se-at (o’clock) Morning/ketuatu ከጠዋቱ 12.00 AM 6 se-at (o’clock) Noon/kekenu ከቀኑ 1.00 PM 7 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at ከሰAት 2.00 PM 8 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at ከሰAት 3.00 PM 9 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at ከሰAት 4.00 PM 10 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at ከሰAት 5.00 PM 11 se-at (o’clock) Afternoon/kese-at ከሰAት 6.00 PM 12 se-at (o’clock) Evening/ke mesetu ከምሽቱ 7.00 PM 1 se-at (o’clock) Evening/ke meshestu ከምሽቱ 8.00 PM 2 se-at (o’clock) Evening/ke meshetu ከምሽቱ 9.00 PM 3 se-at (o’clock) At night/ke meshetu ከምሽቱ 10.00 PM 4 se-at (o’clock) At night/ke meshetu ከምሽቱ 11.00 PM 5 se-at (o’clock) At night/ke meshetu ከምሽቱ 12.00 PM 6 se-at (o’clock) Midnight/ekule lelit Eኩለ፡ለሊት 1.00 AM 7 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke lelitu ከለሊቱ 2.00 AM 8 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke lelitu ከለሊቱ 3.00AM 9 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke lelitu ከለሊቱ 4.00 AM 10 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke letitu ከለሊቱ 5.00 AM 11 se-at (o’clock) In morning/ke

teuatu ከጡዋቱ

1. Listen as the speaker tells time in Amharic. Repeat after the speaker.

What time is it? It is four o’clock. What time is it? It is four fifteen. ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው?Aራት፡ሰAት፡ነው ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው?Aራት፡ከሩብ፡ነው Cent ceit newu? Arat ceit newu. Cent ceit newu? Arat ke rueb newu.

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What time is it? It is four thirty. What time is it? It is four forty-five. ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው?Aራት፡ተኩል፡ነው ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው?Aራት፡ከAርባ፡Aምስት Cent ceit newu? Arat tekul newu Cent ceit newu? Arat ke araba amest

What time is it? It is three twenty. What time is it? It is three forty. ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው?ሶስት፡ከሩብ ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው?ሶስት፡ከሃያ Cent ceit newu? Sost ke haya Cent ceit newu? Sost ke haya

2. What time is it? Fill in the clock faces with the correct times according to how they are listed in Amharic below. Check the answer key. A.Ke kenu sost ceit E. ke meshetu asra aned ceit. ከቀኑ፡ሶስት፡ሰAት፡ነው ከምሽቱ፡Aስራ፡Aንድ፡ሰAት፡ነው B.Lesetegn rueb gudi F. asra-sost hamsa-amest ለዘጠኝ፡ሩብ፡ጉዳይ፡ነው Aስራ፡ሶስት፡ሃምሳ፡Aምስት C.Sedest ke rueb G. asra hulet ceit ke kenu ስድስት፡ከሩብ Aስራ፡ሁለት፡ሰAት፡ከቀኑ D.Nine zero zero H. arat ke rueb ዘጠኝ፡ዜሮ፡ዜር Aራት፡ከሩብ

A. B. C. D.

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E. F. G. H.

3. Listen to the following exchanges and identify the clock time mentioned in each. Check the answer key.

A. 8:15 - 9:00 B. 9:50 - 9:15 C. 5:10 - 8:50 D. 4:13 - 4:30 E. 7: 50 - 7:10

4. Compose dialogues according to the model below. Work in pairs or in small groups. Use the times listed below. Model: A. - What time is it? Cent ceit newu? ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው? B. - It is two o’clock. Hulet ceit newu. ሁለት፡ሰAት፡ነው 8:00 a.m., 7:15 a.m., 10:30 a.m., 2:10 p.m., 4:45 p.m., 6:50 p.m., 12:00., 11:05. In Amharic, the infinitive tense verbs start with M, which is the equivalent of “to,” and is read together. Examples: To go is mhayd, to play is m-chawet, to work is mserat, to study is me-tenat, to eat is me-blat, to watch is me-yet, to read is me-anbeb, and to get up is me-nesat. In Amharic, the verb is conjugated; in other words, it changes with the persons I, you, she, he, it, we and they.

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There is no one specific and uniform rule, as in English where an “-ED” is added to a verb and it becomes a past tense, or “-ING” is added and it becomes a continuous tense. I go Ene ehydalew መሄድ I study Ene atenaleu Eኔ፡Aጠናለሁ you go Ante(M) tehydaleh

Anchi(F) tehyegalesh

Aንተ፡ትሄዳለህ you study

Ante(M) tatenalh Anchi(F)tategnalesh

Aንተ፡ታጠናለህ

he/she goes

Esu yehydal(M) Esua tehydalech(

Eሱ፡ይሄዳል He/she studies

Esu yatenal Esua tatenaalech

Eሱ፡ያጠናል

we go Enesu yehedal Eነሱ፡ይሄዳሉ we study

Egna enatenalen Eኛ፡Eናጠናለን

you go Enante tehaydalchew

Eናንተ፡ትሄዳላችሁ you study

Enante tatenalachew

Eናንተ፡ትጫወ

they go Enesu yehedalu Eነሱ፡ይሄዳሉ they study

Enesu yatenalu Eነሱ፡ይችወሉ

I work Ene seralew Eኔ፡ሰራለሁ I watch Een ayalew Eኔ፡Aያለሁ you work

Ante(M) teseraleh Anci(F) teserialesh

Aንተ፡ትሰራለህ you watch

Ante(M) tayaleh Anchi(F)tahalesh

Aንተ፡ታያለህ

He/she works

Esu yeseral Esua teseralech

Eሱ፡ይሰራል He/she watches

Esu yayal Esua tayalech

Eሱ፡ያያል

we work Egna ensealen Eኛ፡Eንሰራለን we watch

Egna enayalen Eነ፡Eናያለን

you work

Enante teseralachew

Eናንተ፡ትሰራላችሁ you watch

Enante tayalachew

Eናንተ፡ታያላችሁ

they work

Enesu yeserralu Eነሱ፡ይሰራሉ they watch

Enesu yayalu Eነሱ፡ያያሉ

I eat Ene ebelalew Eኔ፡Eበላለሁ I read Ene anebalew Eኔ፡Aነባለሁ you eat Ante(M) tebelaleh

Anchi (F) tebeyalesh

Aንተ፡ትበላለህ you read

Ante(M) tanebaleh Anchi(F) tanebaleh

Aንተ፡ታነባለህ

He/she eats

Esu(M) yebelal Esua(F) tebelalech

Eሱ፡ይበላል He/she reads

Esu yanebal Esua tanebalech

Eሱ፡ያነባል

we eat Egna enbelalen Eና፡Eንበላለን we read Egna enanebalen Eነ፡Eናነባለን you eat Enante

tebelalachew Eናንተ፡ትበላላችሁ you

read Eneante tanebalachew

Eናንተ፡ታነባላችሁ

they eat Enesu yebelalu Eነሱ፡ይበላሉ they read

Enesu yanebalu Eነሱ፡ያነባሉ

I play Ene echwetalew Eኔ፡Eጫወታለሁ I get up Ene enesalew Eኔ፡Eነሳለሁ you play Ante(M)

techawetaleh Anchi (F) techawetalesh

Aንተ፡ትጫወታለህ you get up

Ante(M) tenesal Anchi(F) teneshalesh

Aንተ፡ትነሳላህ

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He/she plays

Esu yechawetal Esua techawetalech

Eሱ/Eሷ፡ይጫወታል He/she gets up

Esu yenesal(M) Esua tenesalech(F)

Eሱ፡ይነሳል

We play Egna enechwetalen Eኛ፡Eንጫወታለን We get up

Egna enenesalen Eኛ፡Eንነሳለን

You play

Enante techawetalachw

Eናንተ፡ትጫወታላችሁ

You get up

Enante tenesalachew

Eናንተ፡ትነሳላችሁ

They play

Enesu yechawetalu Eነሱ፡ይጫወታሉ They get up

Enesu yenesalu Eነሱ፡ይነሳሉ

5. Listen to the short statements that describe each activity in the pictures below. Repeat after the speaker. Pay attention to new verbs and other new vocabulary.

They play basketball.

Basketball yechawetalu ባስኬትቦል፡ይጫወታሉ

She goes to the market. Esua gebeia teheydalech

Eሷ፡ገበያ፡ትሄዳለች

They study at school.

Enesu temehert bait yatenalu Eነሱ፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ያጠናሉ

She works in the hospital Esua hospital newu yemeteseraw Eሷ፡ሆስፒታል፡ነው፡የምትሰራው

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He plays soccer.

Esu quas yechawetal Eሱ፡ኩዋስ፡ይጫወታል

The girl eats lunch. Lejitwa mesa tebelalech ልጅትዋ፡ምሳ፡ትበላለች

The man reads a book.

Seweyew metsehaf yanebal ሰውየው፡መፀሃፍ፡ያነባል

The woman watches television. Sayteyewa television tayalech ሴትየዋ፡ቴሌቭዝን፡ታያለች

6. Listen to the following statements and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. Replay the audio if necessary. Prepositions in Amharic: “In” is wost, “on” is lie, “at” is bu, “to” is whede, and “with” is garr. A. The boy goes to school at 7:30.

Leju temehert bait bu sebat Tekul yehydal

ልጁ፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሰባት፡ ተኩል፡ይሄዳል

B. The man eats breakfast at seven o’clock.

Sewyew bu sebat ceit Kurs yebelal

ሰውዬው፡በሰባት፡ሰAት፡ ቁርስ፡ይበላል

C. The woman watches television in the evening.

Sayteyewa teuat teleision tayalech

ሴትየዋ፡ጠዋት፡ቴሊቪዝን፡ ታያለች

D. The girl studies at home in the afternoon.

Lejitua keceit bu bait wost tatenalech

ልጅቷ፡ከሰAት፡በሁዋላ፡ ታጠናለች

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E. Merron goes to the market in the morning.

Merron teuat gebeia tehydalech ሜሮን፡ጠዋት፡ገበያ፡ትሄዳለች

F. Ashenafi plays soccer on Friday.

Ashenafi areb quis yechawetal Aሸናፊ፡Aርብ፡ኩዋስ፡ይጫወታል

G. I get up at 7:00. Ene bu sebat ceit enesalew Eኔ፡በሰባት፡ሰAት፡Eነሳለው

7. Match the following sentences with the pictures below. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. Ene temehert bait bu zetegn tekul haydalew. Eኔ፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡በዘጠኝ፡ተኩል፡Eሄዳለው 2. Enesu bu sebat kurse yebelalu. Eነሱ፡በሰባት፡ቁርስ፡ይበላሉ 3. Egna teuat enatenalen. Eኛ፡ጠዋት፡Eናጠናለን 4. Esua mata metsehaf tanebalech. Eሷ፡ማታ፡መፀሃፍ፡ታነባለች

#______________ #_______________

#____________ #_________________

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8. Read the following text and answer the questions. Check your work with the answer key. Andenet temari neo. Temehert bait yatenal. Hule ken bu sebat kerube yenesal. Esu bu sebat tekul kurse yebelal. Esu bu sement temehrt bait yehydal. Esu temehert bait behuala basketball yechawetal.Esu metshaf yanebal ena degmo television mata yayal. Andenet kedame ena ehude Ayatenam. Aንድነት፡ተማሪ፡ነው።ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ያጠናል።ሁል፡ቀን፡ሰባት፡ከሩብ፡ይነሳል።Eሱ፡በሰባት፡ተኩል፡ቁርስ፡ይበላል።ኣሱ፡በስምንት፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ይሄዳል።Eሱ፡ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡ ይጫወታል።Eሱ፡መፀሀፍ፡ያነባል፡Eና፡ደግሞ፡ቴሌቭዝን፡ማታ፡ያያል።Aንድነት፡ቅዳሜ፡Eና፡Eሁድ፡ Aያጠናም። 1. Is Andenet a teacher? 2. Where does he study? 3. When does he get up? 4. When does he have breakfast? 5. When does he go to school? 6. When does he play basketball? 7. What does he do in the evening? 8. Does he study on Saturday and Sunday? 9. Rearrange the following statements into a logical order for a daily schedule. Check your work with the answer key. 1. Eኔ፡ምሳ፡ከጉዋደና፡ጋር፡ሄዳለሁ Ene messa ke guadiagnawoch garr haydalewu 2. Eኔ፡ተሌቭዝን፡Aያላሁ Ene television ayalewu 3. Eኔ፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ሄዳለሁ Ene temhert bait haydalewu 4. Eኔ፡ምሳ፡ከጉዋደጋየ፡ጋር፡በላለሁ Ene messa ke guadegnaye garr belalewu 5. Eኔ፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡Eጫወታለሁ Ene basketball echawetalewu 6. Eኔ፡ቁርስ፡Eበላለሁ Ene kurse ebelalewu 7. Eኔ፡ቤት፡Aተንለሁ Ene bait atenalewu

10. Tell your partner about your daily schedule. Use the words and word combinations given below. Huleken menesat kurse meblat Sera mehaid Messa meblat ሁል፡ቀን መነሳት ቁርስ፡መብላት ስራ፡መሄድ ምሳ፡መብላት Basketball mechawet Gebei mehaid Metshaf manbeb Mata television myet ባስኬት፡ቦል፡መጫወት ገበያ፡መሄድ መፀሃፍ፡ማንበብ ማታ፡ቴሌቭዠን፡ማየት

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11. Listen to the five short statements. Circle the English statement that is the equivalent of each Amharic statement you hear. Check the answer key. 1. A. I play soccer after school.

B. I play soccer after dinner. C. I play soccer after work.

2. A. She goes to the market in the evening.

B. She goes to the market in the afternoon. C. She goes to the market in the morning.

3. A. I go to work in the morning. B. I go to school in the morning. C. I go to the market in the morning. 4. A. I study at home on Saturday. B. I play soccer at home on Saturday. C. I eat breakfast at home on Saturday. 5. A. He watches television in the afternoon.

B. He watches television in the evening. C. He watches television in the morning.

Study the past tense of the verbs below. The rules for the past tense in Amharic: in the past tense, the ending of the verb changes with each pronoun (I, YOU, SHE, HE, IT, WE, THEY). There is no one rule such as in English, where every regular verb ends with “-ED” in the past tense. Look at the examples below. I went Ene hedku. Eኔ፡ሄድኩ I

studied Ene atenahu Eኔ Aጠናሁ

you went

Ante (m) hedek Anchi (f) hedesh

Aንተ፡ሄድክ you studied

Ente(m)atenah, Anchi(f) atenash.

Aንተ፡Aጠናሀ Aንቺ፡ Aጠናሽ

He/she went

Esu hede Esua hedeche

Eሱ፡ሄደ Eሷ፡ ሄደች

He/she studied

Esu atena (m) Esuwa (f) atenach

Eሱ Aጠና Aሷ፡ Eጠናች

we went

Engna hayden Eኛ፡ሄድን we studied

Egna atenan Eኛ፡ Eጠናን

you went

Enante haydachehu

Eናንተ፡ሄዳችሁ you studied

Enante atenacheu

Eንተ፡ Eጠናሀ

they went

Enesu haidu Eነሱ፡ሄዳሉ they studied

Ensu atenu Eነሱ፡ Eጠኑ

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I worked

Ene serahu Eኔ፡ሰራሁ I watched

Ene ayehu, Eኔ፡ Eየሁ

you worked

Ante (m) serah Anchi (f) se

Aንተ፡ሰራህ you watched

Ante (m) ayeh Anchi (f) ayec

Aንተ፡ Aየህ

He/she worked

Esu sera Esua serac

Eሱ፡ሰራ He/she watched

Esu aye/ Esua ayec

Eሱ፡ Aየ Eሷ፡ Aየች

we worked

Egna seran Eኛ፡ሰራን we watched

Egna atenan. Eኛ፡ Aጠናን

you worked

Enante serachu Eናንተ፡ሰራችሁ you watched

Ante atenah Aንተ፡ Aጠናህ

they worked

Enesu seru

Eነሱ፡ሰሩ they watched

Enesu atenu Eነሱ፡ Aጠኑ

I ate Ene belahu Eኔ፡በላሁ I read Ene anebebku Eኔ፡ Aነበብኩ you ate Ante (m) belah

Anchi (f) belash Aንተ፡በላህ you

read Ante anebek (m) Anchi anebesh (f)

Aንተ፡ Aነበብክ

he ate she ate

Esu bela Esua belac

Eሱ፡በላ Eሷ፡ በላች

he read she read

Esu anbebe Esua anbebec

Eሱ፡ Aነበበ Eሷ፡ Aነበበች

we ate Egna belan Eኛ፡በላን we read Egna anebebn Eኛ፡ Aነበብን you ate Enante belachu Eናንተ፡በላችሁ you

read Ante anbebk (m) anchi anebebsh (f)

Aንተ፡ Aንበብክ

they ate

Enesu belu Eነሱ፡በሉ they read

Enesu anebebu Eነሱ፡ Aነበቡ

I played

Ene techawetku Eኔ፡ተጫወትኩ I got up Ene tenesahu Eኔ፡ ተነሳሁ

you played

Ante (m) techawtek Anchi (f) techawtesh

Aንተ፡ተጫወትክ you got up

Ante tenesah (m) Anchi tenesash (f)

Aንተ፡ ተነሳህ

He/she played

Esu techawete Esua techawetc

Eሱ፡ተጫወተ Eሷ፡ ተጫወተች

He/she got up

Esu (m) tenesa Esua (f) tenesac

Eሱ፡ ተነሳ Eሷ፡ ተነሳች

we played

Egna techaweten Eኛ፡ተጫወትን we got up

Egna tenesan Eኛ፡ ተነሳን

you played

Enante techawetachew

Eናንተ፡ተጫወታችሁ

you got up

Ante tenesah (m) Anchi tenesash (f)

Aንተ፡ ተነሳሀ

they played

Enesu techawetu Eነሱ፡ተጫወቱ they got up

Ensu tenesu Eነሱ፡ ተነሱ

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12. Read the following sentences and translate them into English. Check your work with the answer key. ትናንትና፡Eኔ፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ሄጄ፡ነበር 1.Tenantena ene temhert bait hayjay neber ያለፈው፡Aመት፡Eኔ፡Eና፡ጉዋደኝች፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡ተ 2.Yalefew amet ene ena gouadegnoch

basketball techaweten ያለፈው፡ሳምንት፡Eኛ፡ገበያ፡ሃድን 3.Yalefew sament egna gebeia hayden ትናንትና፡በዘጠኝ፡Eኔ፡ብት፡ነበርኩ 4.Tenantena bu zetegn ene bait neberku ትናንተና፡በስድስት፡ሰAት፡ራት፡በላን 5.Tenantena bu sedest rat belan ያለፈው፡Aመት፡ልጁ፡ሂሳብ፡Eና፡ሙዚቃ፡Aጥንቱዋል 6,Yalefew amet liju hisab ena musica

atntual ትናንትና፡ልጅቱዋ፡ቴሌቭዥን፡Aየች 7.Tenantena lijtua televison ayech. ያለፈው፡ሳምንት፡መፀሃፍ።Aነበብኩኝ 8. Yalefew samnet metsihaf anbebku. የዛራ፡Aመት፡ፓሪስ፡ነበርኩ 9.Yezare amet Paris neberku. ያለፈው፡Aመት፡Aክሱም፡ቤት፡ነበረን 10.Yalefew amet Axmu bait nebren yesterday– tenantena ትናንትና last year /week /Sunday –yalefew amet/sament/ehud ያለፈው፡Aመት/ሳመንት/Eሁድ a year ago– yezare amet የዛሬ፡Aመት 13. Complete the following sentences using the verbs located in the box below. Check your answers with the answer key. Atenahu Aጠናሁ Techawetku ተጫወትኩ Tenesaw ተነሳሁ ሄድኩ/haydeku Serahu ሰራሁ Neberk ነበርክ Belaw በላሁ Ayehu Aየሁ 1. Ene tenantena bu sebat ceit ____________________ Eኔ፡ትናንትና፡በሰባት፡ሰAት፡________________ 2. Ene ke welagwoche garr kurse ______________ Eኔ።ከወላጆቼ፡ጋር፡ቁርስ፡______________ 3. Ene yalefew ehud gebei __________________ Eኔ፡ያለፈው፡Eሁድ፡ገበያ፡__________________ 4. Ene yalefew segno basketball __________________ Eኔ፡ያለፈው፡ሰኞ፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡________________ 5. Ene tenantena television ___________________ Eኔ፡ትናንትና፡ቴሌቭዝን፡_________________

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6. Ene yalefew amet hotel __________________ Eኔ፡ያለፈው፡Aመት፡ሆቴል፡__________________ 7.Ene yezare sost amet ____________________ Eኔ፡የዛሬ፡ሶስት፡ሳመንት፡_______________ 8. Ene yalefew sament Awassa ___________________ Eኔ፡ያለፈው፡ሳምንት፡Aዋሳ፡__________________

14. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Make up similar dialogues using the words and word combinations given below. Work in pairs or in small groups. ትናንትና፡ምን፡Aደረክ? A.Tenanetena min adrek? ትናንትና፡ቴሌቭዝን፡Aየሁ B.Telantena Television ayehu. ትናንትና፡ምን፡ያህልቴሌቭዝን፡Aየህ A.Telanetena min yahil television ayeh? Aንድ፡ሰAት B. Aned ceit. 15. Make up similar dialogues using the words and word combinations given below. Work in pairs or in small groups. ትናንትና፡Aንድ፡ሰAት፡ላይ፡ተሌቭዥን፡Aየሁ Telanetna –television mayet-aned ceit. ትናንትና፡ሁለት፡ሰAት፡ላይ፡ገበያ፡ሂድኩ Telantena wede gebeya mehed hulet ceit ያለፈው፡Aመት፡ለAራት፡ሳምንት፡ሆተል፡ሰራሁ Yalefew amet hotel mesrat arat samint. ያለፈው፡Aመት፡ለስምት፡ሳምንትትምህርት፡ቤት፡Aጠናሁ

Yalefew amet timhert bait matenat- siment samintoch

ያለፈው፡Eሁድ፡ለAንድ፡ሰAት፡መፀሃፍ፡Aነበብኩ Yalefew ehud –metsihaf manbeb-aned ceit. Yezare amet –basketball mechawet sidest samntoch.

የዛሬ፡Aመት፡ለሁለት፡ሳምንት፡Iትዮጲያ፡ነበርኩ Yezare amet –Ethiopia mehon –hulet samenetwoch. 4. last year – study at school – 8 weeks 5. last Sunday – read a book – one hour 6. a year ago – play basketball – 6 weeks 7. a year ago – be in Ethiopia – 2 weeks

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Read the following text in Amharic. Put T (True) or F (False) next to the statements that are written below the text. Check your work with the answer key. Selam. Ene seme Habtom neo.Ene Adawa neo yemenore.Ene astemari negn.Ene hisab ene Musika astemeralew.Hule ken bu sedestt ceit ketuate enesales.Ene kurrse bela ena temehert Bait haydalew.Ene bu sement ceit temehert bait negn. Maksegno ena hamus le hulet ceit Quis echawetalew. Ketemehetr bewhouala gebei haydalew.Ene bu amest ceit bait negn. Mata Television le aned ceit ayalew ena metshehaf le hulet ceit ayalew. ሰላም።Eኔ፡ስሜ፡ሃብቶም፡ነው።Eኔ፡Aድዋ፡ነው፡የምኖረው።Eኔ፡Aስተማሪ፡ነኝ።Eኔ፡Iሳብ፡Eና፡ ሙዚቃ፡Aስተምራለው።ሁል፡ቀን፡በስድስት፡ሰAት፡ከጠዋቱ፡Eነሳለው።Eኔ፡ቁርስ፡በላ፡Eና፡ ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ሄዳለህ።Eኔ፡በስምንት፡ሰAት፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ነኝ።ማክሰኞ፡Eና፡ሃሙስ፡ ለሁለት፡ሰAት፡ኩዋስ፡Eጫወታለሁ።ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ገበያ፡ሄዳለው።Eኔ፡በAምስት፡ ሰማት፡ቤት፡ነኝ።ማታ፡ቴሌቭዝን፡ለAንድ፡ሰAት፡Aያለው፡Eና፡መፀሃፍ፡ለሁለት፡ሰAት፡Aነባልው። 1. _______ The man lives in Adwa. 2 ________He lives in small house. 2. _______ He is a student. 3. _______ He studies math and music. 4. _______ Everyday he gets up at 6:00 a.m. 5. _______ He does not have breakfast. 6. _______He is at school at 8:00. 7. _______Habtom plays soccer on Saturday and Monday for 3 hours. 8. _______He goes shopping after work. 9. _______In the evening he works for 2 hours. 2. Describe your daily schedule of activities, including the times in Amharic. For example, start with what time you get up, then eat breakfast, etc. “I get up at 6:00 and eat breakfast at 6:30. I go to school at…”

3. Find out what your partner did yesterday at 7:00 a.m., 7:30 a.m., 10:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., 4:00 p.m., and 8:00 p.m., and how long each activity lasted. Work in pairs or in small groups.

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Vocabulary List After Buhula በሁዋላ In the morning ketuatu ከጥዋቱ In the afternoon Kekenu ከኽኑ In the evening kemeshetu ከምሽቱ Every day Whol ken ሁል፡ኽን Last week Yalefew sament ያለፈው፡ሳመንት A year ago Yezaray amet የዛሬ፡Aመት Last Sunday (Monday, Tuesday, etc.)

Yalefew ehud, yalefew segno ያለፈው፡Eሁድ፡ያለፈው፡ሰኝ

At school Temehert ትምህርት Math Hisab ሂሳብ Music Muzika ሙዚቃ Book metsehaf መፀሃፍ Breakfast Kurse ቁርስ Lunch Meisa ምሳ Dinner Rat ራት Home Bait ቤት At home Bait ቤት Market Gebia ገበያ On Sunday (Monday, Tuesday…)

Ehud ken,segno ken, Eሁድ፡ቀን፡ሰገ፡ቀን

To go (to) mehyid መሄድ To play soccer/basketball Quas mechawett/ basketball

mechawett ኹዋስ፡መጫወት

To watch television Television myet ቴለቭዥን፡ማየት To eat breakfast (lunch, dinner)

Kurse meblat, Meisa meblat Rat meblat

ቁርስ፡መብላት፡

To get up/wake up menesat መነሳት To read manbeb ማንበብ To study mattnat ማጥናት To work Mesrat መስራት What time is it? Cent ceit newu? ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው It is three o’clock. Sost ceit newu ሶስት፡ሰAት፡ነው When Meche መች Man Sewye ሰውዪ Woman Saytyo ሴትዮ Boy Wend lej (leju) ወንድ፡ልጅ/ልጁ Girl Sait lej (lejitua) ሴት፡ልጅ/ልጅቷ

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Answer Key 2. A. three thirty pm E. eleven thirty pm B. eight forty-five am F. thirteen fifty-five C. ten after six G. twelve o’clock D. zero nine hundred H. four fifteen 3.

A. What time is it? It is 8:15 in the morning Cent ceit neo? Ke tuatu sement kerubb neo. ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው? ከቀኑ፡ስምንት፡ከሩብ፡ነው

B. What time is it? It’s 9:50. Cent ceit neo? Zetegn tekul neo. ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው? ዘጠኝ፡ተኩል፡ነው

C. What time is it? It is 5:10. Cent ceit neo? Amest ke aser neo ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው? Aምስት፡ከAሰር፡ነው

D. What time is it? It is 4:30 in the afternoon. Cent ceit neo? Ke kenu arat tekul neo. ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው? ከቀኑ፡Aራት፡ተኩል፡ነው

E. What time is it? It is 7:10. Cent ceit neo? Sebat ke aser neo.

ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው? ሰባት፡ከAስር፡ነው 7. 1. I go to school at 9:30. 2. They eat breakfast at 7:00. 3. We study in the morning. 4. She reads a book in the evening.

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#_______3_______ #________1_______

#________2____ #_____________4____ 8. Andenet is a student. He studies in school. Every day he gets up at 7:15. He eats breakfast at 7:30. He goes to school at 8:00. After school he plays basketball. In the evening he watches television and reads. Andenet does not study on Saturday and Sunday.

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9. Your answer may vary but did you understand the statements? 6. I eat breakfast. 3. I go to school. 1. I go to lunch with my friends. 5. I play basketball. 4. I eat dinner with my friend. 7. I study at home. 2. I watch television. 11. 1. B I play soccer after dinner. 2. C She goes to the market in the morning. 3. A I go to work in the morning. 4. B I play soccer at home on Saturday. 5. A He watches television in the afternoon.

1. Eኔ፡ከራት፡በሁዋላ፡ኩዋስ፡Eጫወታለሁ 2. Eሷ፡ጠዋት፡ገበያ፡ትሄዳለች 3. Eኔ፡ስራ፡ጠዋት፡Eሄዳለው

4. Eኔ፡ቅዳሜ፡ኩዋስ፡ቤት፡Eጫወታለሁ 5. Eሱ፡ከሰAት፡በሁላ፡ቴሌቭዥን፡ያያል 12. 1. Yesterday I went to school. 2. Last year my friends and I played basketball. 3. They went shopping last week. 4. I was at home at 9:00 yesterday. 5. We ate dinner at 6:00 yesterday. 6. The boy studied music and math at school last year. 7. The girl watched television yesterday. 8. Last Sunday I read a book. 9. I was in Paris a year ago. 10. We had a house in Axum two years ago. 13. 1. Ene tenantena bu sebat ceit tenesaw. Eኔ፡ትናንትና፡በሰባት፡ሰAት፡ተነሳሁ I got up at 7:00 yesterday. 2. Ene ke welagwoche garr kurse belaw Eኔ።ከወላጆቼ፡ጋር፡ቁርስ፡በላሁ I ate breakfast with my parents. 3. Ene yalefew ehud gebei haydeku

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Eኔ፡ያለፈው፡Eሁድ፡ገበያ፡ሄድኩ I went shopping last Sunday. 4. Ene yalefew segno basketball techaweteku. Eኔ፡ያለፈው፡ሰኞ፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡ተጫወትክ I played basketball last Monday. 5. Ene tenantena television ayehu Eኔ፡ትናንትና፡ቴሌቭዝን፡Aየሁ I watched television yesterday. 6. Ene yalefew amet hotel serahu Eኔ፡ያለፈው፡Aመት፡ሆቴል፡ሰራሁ I was at the hotel last year. 7.Ene yezare sost amet atenahu Eኔ፡የዛሬ፡ሶስት፡ሳመንት፡Aጠናሁ I studied at school three years ago. 8. Ene yalefew sament Awassa neberk Eኔ፡ያለፈው፡ሳምንት፡Aዋሳ፡ነበርኩ I went to Awassa last week.

End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Hello. My name is Habtom. I live in Adwa. I have a small house. I am a teacher at this school. I teach math and music. Everyday I get up at 6:00 a.m. I eat breakfast and go to school. I am at school at 8:00 a.m. On Tuesday and Thursday I play soccer for 2 hours. After school, I go shopping. I am home at 5:00. In the evening I watch TV for an hour and read books for 2 hours. 1. _ T_ The man lives in Adwa 2 __ T__He lives in small house. 2. __F__He is a student. 3. __F__He studies math and music. 4. __T__Everyday he gets up at 6:00 a.m. 5. __F__He does not have breakfast. 6. __T__He is at school at 8:00. 7. __F__Habtom plays soccer on Saturday and Monday for 3 hours. 8. _ T__He goes shopping after work. 9. _ F__In the evening he works for 2 hours

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Lesson 5 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 የቤተሰብ፡ትውውቅ

Yebaiteseb Tewewek Meeting the Family

This lesson will introduce you to: - The kinship terms used for immediate and extended family; - How to ask and answer simple questions about family members; - The pronouns “who,” “this,” “that,” “these,” and “those.”

The average Ethiopian family is made up of the father as the head of the family (the breadwinner), the mother, who is in charge of the children and domestic affairs, and five to ten children per single family. Also in most families, grandparents and sometimes aunts and uncles live together. Children live with their parents until they get married, and old people are taken care of by their children once they are too old to take care of themselves. It is also normal for three generations to live in the same house for economical reasons. Although the male is the primary breadwinner, in cities it is beginning to change. Many women have started becoming additional earners and sole providers for the family. In the rural areas, women have more children so they can help with the farming and taking care of the cattle; they can also take care of the parents in their old age. In the city, families are becoming smaller due to better education and contraception. Grandparents are very influential and have a great deal of power in decision-making of family matters. Elders are looked upon as wise and therefore respected and revered in the family more than the head male of the family. Children are considered children until they get married and earn a living. They do not have the same importance as in the West; they obey their parents with great respect.

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1. Look at these photos of families. Listen to the kinship terms and repeat after the speaker.

Family Baiteseb ቤተሰብ Parents Welagoch ወላጆች Mother Enat Eናት Father Abat Aባት Children Lejoich ልጆች Daughter/daughters Sait lejoich ሴት፡ልጆች Son/sons Wend lejoich ወንድ፡ልጆች Grandparents Ayatwoch Aያቶች Grandfather Wend ayat የወንድ፡Aያት Grandmother Sait ayat የሴት፡Aያት Sister/sisters Ehet/ehetwoch Eህት/Eህቶች Brother/brothers Wendem/wendemwoch ወንድም/ወንድሞች

Who – mann; This –yehey; These-enezi; That-ya; Those-eneza; That-yechi(female); This –ichi; This-yehey (male); This-egni(older person); That –egna(older person)

2. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat them after the speaker. Role-play the dialogues using the pictures above. 1. A. Who is this? ይቺ፡ምን፡ናት? Ichi mann nat? B. This is my mother. ይቺ፡Eናቴ፡ናት Ichi enate nat. 2. A. Who is that? ያቺ፡ማን፡ናት? Yachi mann nat? B. That is my sister. ያቺ፡Eህቴ፡ናት Yachi ehete nat. 3. A. Who are these? Eነዚ፡ማን፡ናቸው? Enezi mann nachewu? B. These are my parents.

Eነዚ፡ወላጆ፡ናቸው Enezi welagoche nachewu.

4. A. Who are those? Eነዛ፡ማን፡ናቸው? Eneza mann nachew? B. Those are my grandparents.

Eነዛ፡Aያቶ፡ናቸው Eneza ayatoche nachew.

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3. Listen to, read and translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the answer key. 1 የኔ፡Eናት፡Eና፡Aባት፡Aንድ፡ወንድ፡ልጅ፡Eና፡ሁለት፡ሴት፡ልጆ ች፡Aሉዋቸው yene enat ena abat aned wend lej ena hulet sait leggoch alwachewu. 2 Eኔ፡የምኖረው፡ከAያቶቼ፡ጋር፡ትልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው ene yemenorewu ke ayatoch garr telk bait wost newu. 3 የሱ፡ወላጆች፡ሃረር፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት።Eነሱ፡የቀን፡ሰራተኛ፡ናቸው yesu welagoch harrar newu yeminorut. Enesu yeken serategna nachewu. 4 Eኔ፡ሁለት፡ወንድሞች፡Aሉኝ፡Eነሱ፡ወታደሮች፡ናቸው፡የሚኖሩት፡የጦር፡ሰፈር፡ነው ene hule wendeMoch alugn.enesu wetadeRoch nachew. yeminorut ye tor

sefer newu. 5 Eሱዋ፡Eህት፡Aላት፡ስሟ፡ናዲያ፡ነው esua ehet aleat. Yesua sem Nadia newu. 6 የኔ፡ወንድም፡ሰላሳ፡Aመቱ፡ነው።Eሱ፡ወንድ፡ልጅ፡Eና፡ሴት፡ልጅ፡Aለው yene wendem selasa ametu newu. Esu wend lej ena sait lej alewu.

4. Tell about your mother/ father/ sister/ grandfather/grandmother/sister/brother according to the scheme below: 1. name 2. age 3. occupation 4. place of living (city and type of residence). Model: yehey yene abat neo. Yesu sem tesfaye neo. Esu arba sement ametu neo. Esu astemari neo. Esu Dere dawa neo yeminorew. Esu tenesh bait alew. የሄ፡የኔ፡Aባት፡ነው።የሱ፡ስም፡ተስፋዬ፡ነው፡Eሱ፡Aበራ፡ስምንት፡Aመቱ፡ነው፡Eሱ፡Aስተማሪ፡ነው፡ Eሱ፡ድሬ፡ዳዋ፡ነው፡የሚኖረው፡Eሱ፡ትንሽ፡ቤት፡Aለው።

5. Reproduce the questions to the following answers. Check your work with the answer key. 1. __________________? Auo,yehey yene wendem newu. Aዎ፡ይሄ፡የኔ፡ወንደም፡ነው 2. ________________? Yesu sem Kenenisa newu. የሱ፡ስም፡ከነኒሳ፡ነው

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3. ___________________? Esu Addis Ababa newu yeminorewu. Eሱ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የሚኖረው 4. ___________________? Esu doctor newu. Eሱ፡ዶክተር፡ነው 5. ____________________? Segno sera yehaydal. ሰኞ፡ስራ፡ይሄዳል 6. _____________________? I, maksegno basketball yechawetal. Aይ፡ማክሰኞ፡ባስኬት፡ይጫወታል

6. Listen to the audio. Circle the word you hear. Check your work with the answer key.

1. mother - father

2. daughter - son 3. family - parents 4. children - grandparents 5. sister - brother 6. grandmother - grandfather

7. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. Husband bal ባል Wife mist ሚስት Marriage gabecha ጋብቻ Unmarried/single Yalageba/latte ያላገባ

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8. Fill in the blanks using the words written in the boxes below. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. wend lej /ወንድ፡ልጅ 5 ametu/5 Aመቱ 30 ametua/30 Aመቱ yesu agebetul/Eሱ፡Aግብቱዋል yesua/የሷ doctor/ዶክተር Yene wendem____________. Yesu mest _____________nat. ________ sem hirut neo. esua ___________nat. enesu __________alachew. Esu 5__________neo. _________sem Tedros Neo. የኔ፡ወንድም፡--_____።የሱ፡ሚስት___ናት።_____ስም፡ሂሩት፡ነው።Eሷ___ናት።Eነሱ______Aላቸው Eሱ፡5____ነው፡____ስም፡ቴድሮስ፡ነው። 2. agebetalech/Aግብታለች yesu/የሱ 8 ametu/8 Aመቷ sait lej/ሴት፡ልጅ yesua eheht/የሷ፡Eህት 10 ametua/10 Aመቷ wetader/ወታደር yenesu/የነሱ Teferi ________________alewu. ______ sem Lidiya newu. Esua ______________nech. Yesua bal _______________newu.. _______ sem Samoere newu. Enesu hulet ________________alachew. _________ yenesu sem Naomi ena Tigist newu. Naomi _______newu. Tigist _____________newu. . ተፈሪ፡_____Aለው።____-ስሟ፡ሊዲያ፡ነው።Eሷ፡_____ነች፡የሷ፡ባል፡____ነው፡___ሱሙ፡ሳሞራ፡ ነው።Eነሱ፡ሁለት፡____Aላቸው።____የነሱ፡ስም፡ናኣሚና፡ትግስት፡ነው።ናኣሚ፡____ናት።ትግስት ___ናት። 9. Make up short stories in Amharic about the people listed below. 1. Lulit – agebetalech, selasa aned ametua , yesua bal, yeken serategna,neo wend lej ena sait lej. ሉሊት፡Aግብታለች፡ስልሳ፡Aመትዋ፡ነው።የሱዋ፡ባል፡የቀን፡ሰራተኛ፡ነው፡ወንድና፡ሴት፡ልጅ፡Aላት። 2. Melese – agebtaul, 28 ametu, yesu mest, astemari, lejoch. መለስ፡28 Aመቱ፡ነው፡የሱ፡ሚስት፡Aስተማሪ፡ነች፡ልጆች፡Aሉት። 3. Negest – lette, 20 ametua, yesua welajoch garr , temari, wendem. ንግስት፡የጤና፡ተማሪ፡ናት፡20 Aመትዋ፡ነው፡ከወላጆችና፡ከወንድሞችዋ፡ጋር፡ነው፡የምትኖረው

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10. Listen to several short dialogues as people answer questions about their family members. Circle the correct answer for each question. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. Who is she? B. She is my mother / sister / grandmother. 2. A. Is she married? B. No, she is single / a doctor / 25 years old. 3. A. Who is he? B. He is my wife / my husband / my father. 4. A. Is he married? B. Yes / No / I don’t know. 5. A. Who are they? B. They are my parents / my children / my grandparents. 6. A. Where do they live? B. They live in the barracks / in the tent / in the apartment. 7. A. Do you have any brothers? B. Yes, I have two brothers / two sisters / two sons. 8. A. Who is that? B. That is my wife / mother / husband. 9. A. Does she have any children? B. Yes, she has two brothers / two sisters / two sons. 11. Read and translate the text. Put T (True) or F False) next to the statements below. Check your answers with the answer key. Alula wend ayat ena sait ayat alut. Enesu ke Alula ena yesu baiteseb garr neo yeminorut. Alula wendemoch yelutem. Esu hulet ehetoch alut. Enesu temarioch nachew. Alula agebetual. Yesu mist doctor nat. Alula ena yasu mist sait lej ena wend lej alachew. Aሉላ፡ወንድ፡Aያት፡Eና፡ሴት፡Aያት፡Aሉት።Eነሱ፡ከAሉላ፡Eና፡የሱ፡ቤተሰብ፡ጋር፡ነው፡ የሚኖሩት።Aሉላ፡ወንድሞች፡የሉትም።Eሱ፡ሁለት፡Eህቶች፡Aሉት።Eነሱ፡ተምሪዎች፡ናቸው። Aሉላ፡Aግብቱዋል።የሱ፡ሚስት፡ዶክተር፡ናት።Aሉላ፡Eና፡የሱ፡ሚስት፡ሴት፡ልጅ፡Eና፡ወንድ፡ ልጅ፡Aላቸው።

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1. ________Alula has parents.

2. ________Alula is married.

3. ________He has two sisters.

4. ________Alula and his wife are students.

5. ________Alula is a doctor.

6. ________Alula has two children.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Give a brief description in Amharic of your immediate family. Include the age, name, and profession of each person, and tell whether each person is married or single, and where he/she lives. If you want to, use real pictures of your family members. 2. Ask your classmate in Amharic if he/she has a mother, a father, a sister, and a brother, what their names are, how old they are, where they live, and what their professions are. 3. Work in small groups. Describe the pictures below. Use new vocabulary.

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Vocabulary List Parents Welagoch ወላጆች Father Abat Aባት Mother Enat Eናት Children Lejoch ልጆች Son/sons Wend lej/wend lejoch ወንድ፡ልጅ/ወንድ፡ልጆች Daughter/daughters Sait lej/sait lechoch ሴት፡ልጅ/ሴት፡ልጆች Brother/brothers Wendem/wendemoch ወንድም/ወንድሞች Sister/sisters Eheit/eheitoch Eህት/Aህቶች Grandparents Ayatoch Aያቶች Grandmother Yesait ayat የሴት፡Aያት Grandfather Yewnd ayat የወንድ፡Aያት Husband Bal ባል Wife Mest ሚስት Married Yageba ያገባ Unmarried/single Yalageba ያላገባ Who is this/that? Maneu? ማነው? Who are these/those? Manachew? ማናቸው? This/that is… Yehe/ya…neo ይህ/ያ…ነው These/those are… Enezi/enesih Eነዚ/Eነዚህ….

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Answer Key 3. 1 የኔ፡Eናት፡Eና፡Aባት፡Aንድ፡ወንድ፡ልጅ፡Eና፡ሁለት፡ሴት፡ልጆች፡Aሉዋቸው yene enat ena abat aned wend lej ena hulet sait leggoch alwachewu.

My mother and father have one son and two daughters. 2 Eኔ፡የምኖረው፡ከAያቶቼ፡ጋር፡ትልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው ene yemenorewu ke ayatoch garr telk bait wost newu.

I live with my grandparents in a big house. 3 የሱ፡ወላጆች፡ሃረር፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት።Eነሱ፡የቀን፡ሰራተኛ፡ናቸው yesu welagoch harrar newu yeminorut. Enesu yeken serategna nachewu.

Her parents live in Harrar.They are day laborers. 4 Eኔ፡ሁለት፡ወንድሞች፡Aሉኝ፡Eነሱ፡ወታደሮች፡ናቸው፡የሚኖሩት፡የጦር፡ሰፈር፡ነው ene hulet wendeMoch alugn.enesu wetadeRoch nachew. yeminorut ye tor

sefer newu. I have two brothers. They are soldiers. They live in the military camp.

5 Eሱዋ፡Eህት፡Aላት፡ስሟ፡ናዲያ፡ነው esua ehet aleat. Yesua sem Nadia newu.

She has a sister. Her name is Nadia. 6 የኔ፡ወንድም፡ሰላሳ፡Aመቱ፡ነው።Eሱ፡ወንድ፡ልጅ፡Eና፡ሴት፡ልጅ፡Aለው yene wendem selasa ametu newu. Esu wend lej ena sait lej alewu.

My brother is thirty years old. He has a son and a doughter. 5. ይሄ፡ያንተ፡ወንድም፡ነው? Yehay yante wendem neo? Aዎ፡ይሄ፡የኔ፡ወንድም፡ነው Auo yehay yene wendem neo የሱ፡ስም፡ማነው? Yesu sem manne neo? የሱ፡ስም፡ቀነኒሳ፡ነው Yesu sem kenenisa neo Eሱ፡የት፡ነው፡የሚኖረው? Esu yet neo yeminorew? Eሱ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነው፡የሚኖረው Esu addis abeba neo yeminore Eሱ፡ወታደር፡ነው? Esu wetader neo? Eሱ፡ዶክተር፡ነው Esu dokter neo Eሱ፡መቼ፡ስራ፡ይሄዳል? Esu meche sear yehaydal? ሰኛ፡ይሄዳል Segno yehaydal Eሱ፡ማክሰኞ፡ስራ፡ይሄዳል? Esu maksegno sera yehaydal? Aይ፡ማክሰኞኛ፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡ይጫወታል I maksegno basketball yecawetal

1. Is this your brother? Yes, this is my brother. 2. What is his name? His name is Kenenisa.

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3. Where does he live? He lives in Addis Ababa. 4. What is his occupation? He is a doctor. 5. When does he go to work? He goes to work on Monday. 6. Does he work on Tuesday? No, he plays baseball on Tuesday. 6.

1. Father abat/Aባት 2. Daughter sait lej/ሴት፡ልጅ 3. Family baiteseb/ቤተሰብ 4. Grandparents ayatoch/Aያቶች 5. Sister eheit/Eህት 6. Grandfather wend ayat/ወንድ፡Aያት

8. 1. Yene wendem agebetual . Yesu mest doctor nat. yesua sem Hirut neo. Esua 30 ametua neo. Enesu wend lej alachew. Esu 5 ametu neo. yesui sem Tedros Neo. የኔ፡ወንድም፡Aግብቷል።የሱ፡ሚስት፡ዶክተር፡ናት።የሷ፡ስም፡ሂሩት፡ነው።Eሷ፡30Aመቷዋ፡ነው። Eነሱ፡ወንድ፡ ልጅ፡ Aላቸው።Eሱ፡5 Aመቱ፡ ነው።የሱ፡ስም፡ቴድሮስ፡ነው። 2. Teferi eheht alew. Yesua sem Lidiya neo. Esua agbetalech . Yesua bal wetader neo. yesu sem Samora neo. Enesu hulet siat lejoch alachew. Yenesu sem Naomi ena Tigist neo. Naomi aser ametua nat. Tigist sement ametu nat. ተፈሪ፡Eህት፡Aለው።የሷ፡ስም፡ሊዲያ፡ነው።Eሷ፡Aግብታለች። የሷ፡ባል፡ወታደር፡ ነው።የሱ፡ስም፡ ሳሞራ፡ነው።Eነሱ፡ሁለት፡ሴት፡ልጆች፡Aሉዋቸው።የነሱ፡ስም፡ናOሚ፡Eና፡ትግስት፡ነው።ናOሚ፡Aስር፡ Aመቱዋ፡ ነው። 10. 1. A. Esua mann nat? Eሷ፡ማን፡ናት? Who is she?

B. Esua ehete nat. Eሷ፡Eህት She is my sister.

2. A. Esu agbetalech? Eሷ፡Aግብታለች፡? Is she married? B. I, Esu alagebachem. Aይ፡Eሷ፡Aላገባችም No, she is single.

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3. A. Esu mann newu? Eሱ፡ማን፡ነው? Who is he? B. Esu yene bal / yene abat newu. Eሱየኔ፡ባል፡ነው He is my husband. 4. A. Esu agebetual? Eሱ፡Aግብቷል? Is he married? B. Auo.,Aዎ Yes. 5. A. Enesu mann nachewu? Eነሱ፡ማን፡ናቸው? Who are they? B. Enesu yene lejoch nachewu Eነሱየኔ፡ልጆች፡ናቸው They are my children. 6. A. Enesu yet newu yeminorut? Eነሱ፡የት፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት? Where do they live? B. Enesu apartment wost Nnewu yeminorut. EነሱAፓርትመንት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት They live in the apartment. 7. A. Ante wendemoch aluh? Aንተ፡ወንድሞች፡Aሉህ? Do yo have brothers?

B. Auo, ene hulet wendemoch aluegn. Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ሁለት፡ወንድሞች፡Aሉኝ

Yes, I have two brothers. 8. A. Yachi mann nat? ያቺ፡ማን፡ናት? Who is that?

B. Yachi yene mist / enat / bal Nat. ያቺ፡ያኔ፡ሚስት፡ናት That is my wife.

9. A. Esua lejoch aluat? Eሷ፡ልጆች፡Aሉዋት? Does she have children?

B. Auo, esua hulet wend lejoch aluat. Aዎ፡Eሷ፡ሁለት፡ወንድ፡ልጆች Yes, she has two sons. 11. Compare your answers to the translation. Alula has a grandfather and a grandmother. They live with Alula and his family. Alula has no brothers. He has two sisters. They are students. Alula is married. His wife is a doctor. Alula and his wife have a daughter and a son

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Lesson 6 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ከተማ፡ውስጥ Ketema wost Around Town

This lesson will introduce you to: - Cardinal directions - Names of urban buildings and landmarks - How to ask and answer questions about locations of places and buildings.

1. Listen to and repeat the cardinal directions.

North ሰሜን Semain

Northeast ሰሜን፡ምስራቅ SemainmisrakNorthwest ሰሜን፡ምEራብ SemainMe-erab

East ምስራቅ mesrakWest ምEራብ Mierab

Southwest ደቡብ፡ምEራብ Deboobmie rab Southeast ደቡብ፡ምስራቅ Deboobmesrak

South ደቡብ deboob

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2. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook.

Aksum is north of Addis Ababa. Aክሱም፡ከAዲስ፡Aበባ፡በሰሜን፡ነው

aksum ke addis abeba bsemian neo Dem bi Dolo is west of Nazert. ደምቢ፡ዶሎ፡ከናዝሬት፡በምEራብ፡ነው

dembi dolo ke nazret be meirab neo Moyale is south of Shashemene. ሞያሌ፡ከሻሸንኔ፡በደቡብ፡ነው

moyale ke Shasemene be deboob neo Jijiga is east of Nekemet. ጂጂጋ፡ከነቀምት፡በምስራቅ፡ነው

jijiga ke nekemt be mesrak neo 3. a) Compose sentences according to the model. Check the answer key. Model: Debre Markos ke Gonder beste deboob neo.

Moyale - south - Asela ሞያሌ-ደቡብ-Aሰላ

Mekele - north - Dese መቀሌ-ሰሜን-ደሴ

Dagahabur - east - Gore ደጋሃቡር-ምስራቅ-ጎሬ

Dembi Dole - west - Nazret ደምቢ፡ዶሎ-ምEራብ-ናዝሬት

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b) Work with a partner. Tell each other where your homes are located.

4. Topographical features and urban buildings and landmarks are useful reference points when getting to know a new area or for getting or giving directions. Listen to a list of common sites and features. Repeat after the speaker while following along in the workbook. Airport Aroplan tabia Aርፖርት Bank Bank ባንክ Building Hentsa ህንፃ House Bait ቤት Bus station Bus fairmata ባስ፡ፊርማታ Train station Babur tabia ባቡር፡ጣቢያ Police station Police tabia ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ Café Buna bait ቡና፡ቤት Restaurant Megeb bait ምግብ፡ቤት Church/mosque/temple Baite Christian/mesgide ቤተ፡ክርስቲያን/መስጊድ Movie theater Cinima bait ሲኒማ፡ቤት Hospital Hakim bait ሃኪም፡ቤት Market gebeia ገበያ Pharmacy Medhanit bait መድሃኒት፡ቤት Post office Posta bait ፖስታ፡ቤት Store Suk ሱቅ Park Menafesha bota መፀሃፍ፡ቤት Factory Fabrica ፋብሪካ Bridge Dildy ድልድይ Farm Ersha EርEሻ Field Meda ሜዳ Forest Chaka ጫካ Lake Hike ሃይቅ Mountain Terara ተራራ River Wenz ወንዝ

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5. Match the English word in the left column with the Amharic equivalent in the right column. Check the answer key. 1. Airport A. Fabrica /ፋብሪካ 2. Bank B. Hakim bait/ሃኪም፡ቤት 3. Bus Station C. yaroplan marefia /ያሮፕላን፡ማረፊያ 4. Café D. Medhanit bait /መድሃኒት፡ቤት 5. Church E. Megeb bait /ምግብ፡ቤት 6. Movie Theater F. Menafesha/መናፈሻ 7. Factory G. Posta bait/ፖስታ፡ቤት 8. Hospital H. Bus fermata/ባስ፡ፊርማታ 9. Park I. Bank/ባንክ 10. Pharmacy J. Buna bait/ቡና፡ቤት 11. Post Office K. Cinema bait/ሲኒማ፡ቤት 12. Restaurant L. Baite christiain/ቤተ፡ክርስቲያን 6. Read and translate the following sentences from Amharic into English. Check your work wit the answer key. 1. Gebeiaw ke bankew beste deboob neo. 1.ገበያው፡ከባንኩ፡በስተ፡ደቡብ፡ነው 2. Wenzu ke terarau beste mesrak neo. 2.ወንዙ፡ከተራራው፡በስተ፡ምስራቅ፡ነው 3. Aroplan marefiew ke hotelu beste me-erab neo. 3.Aሮፕላን፡ማረፊያው፡ከሆቴሉ፡በስተ፡ምEራብ፡ነው 4. Terarwochew ena hikwochew ke chakau beste mesrak neo. 4.ተራራቸው፡Eና፡ሃይቃቸው፡ከጫካው፡በስተ፡ደቡብ፡ነው 5. Wenzu ke ershaw beste deboob neo. 5.ወንዙ፡ከEርሻው፡በሰተ፡ደቡብ፡ነው 6. cinema baitu ke hakim baitu beste merak neo. 6.ሲኒማ፡ቤቱ፡ከሃኪም፡ቤቱ፡በስተ፡ምስራቅ፡ንው 7. hiku ke menafeshau beste semain neo. 7.ሃይቁ፡ከመናፈሻ፡በስተ፡ሰሜን፡ነው

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7. Compose sentences according to the model. Use the words below. See the answser key for some ideas. Model: Menafesha botau ke posta baitu beste mesrak neo. 1. Aroplan - beste mesrak - hike Aሮፕላን በስተ፡ምስራቅ ሃይቅ 2. Bank - beste deboob - hakim bait ባንክ በስተ፡ደቡብ ሃኪም፡ቤት 3. medhanit bait - beste me-erab - posta bait መድሃኒት፡ቤት በስተ፡ምEራብ ፖስታ፡ቤት 4. dildy - beste semain - wenz ድልድይ በስተ፡ሰሜን ወንዝ 5. Bus fairmata - beste mesrak - police tabi ባስ፡ፌርማታ በስተ፡ምስራቅ ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ 6. Fabrica - beste deboob - terara ፋብሪካ በስተ፡ደቡብ ተራራ 7. ersha - beste me-erab - maida Eርሻ በስተ፡ምEራብ ሜዳ 8. menafesha bota - beste semain - hike ምናፈሻ በስተ፡ሰሜን ሃይቅ

8. Listen to the speaker and circle the term you hear. Check the answer key. 1. north west south 2. bank park bridge 3. train station bus station airport 4. restaurant café factory 5. post office pharmacy hospital 6. church movie theater factory 7. lake river farm 8. building bridge mountain

9. Listen to the following words and word combinations and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Introduce the question “Where is …(the bank)?” Translate the list in a column next to the English words. Where is the bank? Banku yet neo? ባንኩ፡የት፡ነው?

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The bank is in front of the post office. Banku ke posta baitu fitlefit neo. ባንኩ፡ከፖስታ፡ቤቱ፡ፊት፡ለፊት፡ነው In front of …… Fitlefit ፊትለፊት Next to …… gonn ጎን Between …… and …… mekakel መካከል Around the corner from …… korner ኮርነር Near ategeb Aጠገብ Behind jerba ጀርባ Up the street wedelie ወደላይ Down the street wedetach ወደታች Around zuria ዙሪያ

10. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Translate into English. 1. Wenzu yet neo? Wenzu chaku ategeb neo. ወንዙ፡የት፡ነው? ወንዙ፡ጫካ፡Aጠገብ፡ነው 2. Gebeiau yet neo? Gebeiw police tabiau ena baite christianu mekakel neo. ገበያው፡የት፡ነው? ገበያው፡ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ፡Eና፡ቤተ፡ክርስቲያኑ፡መካከል፡ነው 3. Posta baitu yet neo? Posta baitu hakim baitu ፖስታ፡ቤቱ፡የት፡ነው? ፖስታ፡ቤቱ፡ሃኪም፡ቤቱ፡Aጠገብ፡ነው 4. Babour tabiau yet neo? Babour tabiau ke menafesha botau fitlefit neo. ባቡር፡ጣቢያ፡የት፡ነው? ባቡር፡ጣቢያው፡ከመናፈሻ፡ቦታው፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው 5. Buna baitu yet neo? Buna baitu ke hotelu fitlefit neo. ቡና፡ቤቱ፡የት፡ነው? ቡና፡ቤቱ፡ከሆቴሉ፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው 11. Work with a partner. Compose similar dialogues using the words below. Role-play your dialogues. Model: ይቅርታ፡መናፈሻ፡ቦታ፡የት፡ነው? A. yekerta . menafesha botau yet neo? መናፈሻ፡ቦታ፡ከሃኪም፡ቤቱ፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው B. menafesha botau ke hakim baitu fitlefit neo. Eግዜር፡ይስጥልኝ(Aመሰግናለሁ A. egthere yestelegn.(amesegenalew) Aብሮ፡ይስጥልኝ(ችግር፡የለም) B. abro yestelegn (chigger yelem)

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1. menafesha bota - fitlefit - hakim bait መናፈሻ፡ቦታ ፊትለፊት ሃኪም፡ቤት 2. aroplan - fitlefit - bus fairmata Aሮፕላን ፊትለፊት ባስ፡ፌርማታ 3. chaka - gonn - terara ጫካ ጎን ተራራ 4. police tabia - korner - cinima bait ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ ኮርነን ሲኒማ፡ቤት 5. baite christian - mekakel - fabrica ena menafesha bota ቤተ፡ክርቲያን መካከለኛ ፋብሪካ፡Eና፡መናፈሻ፡ቦታ

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Translate each phrase into Amharic. Check your work with the answer key. A. The restaurant is next to the hotel. B. The park is north of the lake. C. The bank is between the church and the bus station. D. The market is south of the bridge. E. The café is in front of the bookstore. F. The field is in front of the farm. 2. Work with a partner or in small groups. In Amharic, come up with a list of the facilities on your base. Then draw a schematic map of the base. Now describe the locations of each facility. Use the following vocabulary: a store, a hospital, a police station, a movie theater, a park, a hotel, a church, an airfield, a restaurant, a forest, and your language training facility. Use prepositions: between, next to, across from, in front of.

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Vocabulary List Where Yet የት North Semain ሰሜን South Deboob ደቡብ East Mesrak ምስራቅ West Me-erab ምEራብ Mountain Terara ተራራ Lake Hike ሃይቅ River Wenz ወንዝ Forest Chaka ጫካ Bridge Dildy ድልድይ Store Suk ሱቅ Market Gebbia ገበያ Church/mosque/temple Baite Christian/mesgide ቤት Restaurant Megeb bait ምግብ፡ቤት Café Buna bait ቡና፡ቤት Park Menafesha bota መናፈሻ፡ቦታ Bank Bank ባንክ Airport Aroplan marefia Aሮፕላን Train station Babur tabia ባቡር፡ጣቢያ Bus station Bus fairmata ባስ፡ፊርማታ Pharmacy Medhanit bait ፋርማሲ Hospital Hakim bait ሃኪም፡ቤት Movie Theater Cinema bait ሲኒማ፡ቤት Factory Fabrica bait ፋብሪካ፡ቤት Farm Ersha Eርሻ Post office Posta bait ፖስታ፡ቤት Field Maida ሜዳ Police station Police tabia ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ In front of Fitlefit ፊትለፊት Next to Gonn ጎን Between Mekakel መካከል Around the corner from Ke corner akababi ከኮርነሩ፡Aካባቢ Across from teshagerh ተሻግረህ

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Answer Key 3. a) 1. Moyale ke Asela beste bebood neo. ሞያሌ፡ከAሰላ፡በስተ፡ደቡብ፡ነው። 2.Mekele ke Dese beste semain neo. መቀሌ፡ከደሴ፡በስተ፡ሰሜን፡ነው። 3.Dagahbur ke Gore beste mesrak neo. ደገሃቡር፡ከጎሬ፡በስተLምስራቅ፡ነው። 4.Dembi dole ke Nazret beste me-erab neo. ደምቢ፡ዶሎ፡ከናዝሬት፡በስተ፡ምEራብ፡ነው። 5. 1. C 2. I 3. H 4. J 5. L 6. K 7. A 8. B 9. F 10. D 11. G 12. E 6. 1. The market is south of the bank 2. The river is east of the mountains. 3. The airport is west of the hotel. 4. The mountains and lakes are east of the forest. 5. The river is south of the farm. 6. The movie theater is east of the hospital. 7. The lake is north of the park. 7. 1. Airport - east of - lake Aውሮፕላን፡ማረፊያ በስተ፡ምስራቅ ሃይቅ Aroplan marefiau ke wenzu beste mesrak neo. Aውሮፕላን፡ማረፊያው፡ከወንዙ፡በስተ፡ምስርቅ፡ነው።

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2. Bank - south of - hospital ባንክ በስተ፡ድውቡብ ሆስፒታል Banku ke hakim baitu beste deboob neo. ባንኩ፡ከሃኪም፡ቤቱ፡በስተ፡ደቡብ፡ነው። 3. Pharmacy - west of - post office መድሃኒት፡ቤት በስተ፡ምEራብ ፖስታ፡ቤት Medahnit baitu ke posta baitu beste me-erab neo. መድሃኒት፡ቤቱ፡ከፖስታ፡ቤቱ፡በስተ፡ምEራብ፡ነው። 4. Bridge - north of - river ድልድይ በስተ፡ሰሜን ወንዝ Dildeu ke wenzu beste semain neo. ድልድዩ፡ከወንዙ፡በስተ፡ሰሜን፡ነው። 5. Bus station - east of - police station የAውቶቡስ፡ፊርማታ በስተ፡ምስራቅ ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ autobus fairmatau ke police tabiau beste mesrak neo.የAውቶቡስ፡ፊርማታው፡ከፖሊስ፡ጣቢያው፡በስተ፡ምስራቅ፡ነው። 6. Factory - south of - mountain ፋብሪካ በስተ፡ደቡብ ተራራ Fabricau ke terarau beste deboob neo. ፋብሪካው፡ከተራራው፡በስተ፡ደቡብ፡ነው። 7. Farm - west of - field Eርሻ በስተ፡ምEራብ ሜዳ Ershau ke maidu beste me-erab neo. Eርሻው፡ከሜዳው፡በስተ፡ምEራብ፡ነው። 8. Park - north of - lake መናፈሻ በስተ፡ሰሜን ሃይቅ Menafesha botau ke wenzu beste semain neo. ማናፈሻ፡ቦታው፡ከወንዙ፡በስተ፡ሰሜን፡ነው።

8. 1. north ሰሜን Semain 2. bridge ድልድይ Deldey 3. bus station ባስ፡ፊርማታ Bus fairmata 4. café ቡና፡ቤት Buna bait 5. post office ፖስታ፡ቤት Posta bait 6. church ቤተ፡ክርስቲያን Baite Christian 7. farm Eርሻ Ersha 8. mountain ተራራ terara

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10. 1. Wenzu yet neo? Wenzu chaku ategeb neo. Where is the river? The river is near the forest. ወንዙ፡የት፡ነው? ወንዙ፡ጫካ፡Aጠገብ፡ነው 2. Gebeiau yet neo? Gebeiw police tabiau ena baite christianu mekakel neo. Where is the markert? The market is between the police station and the church. ገበያው፡የት፡ነው? ገበያው፡ፖሊስ፡ጣቢያ፡Eና፡ቤተ፡ክርስቲያኑ፡መካከል፡ነው 3. Posta baitu yet neo? Posta baitu hakim baitu ategb neo Where is the post office? The post office is near the hospital ፖስታ፡ቤቱ፡የት፡ነው? ፖስታ፡ቤቱ፡ሃኪም፡ቤቱ፡Aጠገብ፡ነው 4. Babour tabiau yet neo? Babour tabiau ke menafesha botau fitlefit neo. Where is the train station? The train station is in front of the park. ባቡር፡ጣቢያ፡የት፡ነው? ባቡር፡ጣቢያው፡ከመናፈሻ፡ቦታው፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው 5. Buna baitu yet neo? Buna baitu ke hotelu fitlefit neo. Where is the bar? The bar is across from the hotel. ቡና፡ቤቱ፡የት፡ነው? ቡና፡ቤቱ፡ከሆቴሉ፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው End of Lesson Tasks 1. A. The restaurant is next to the hotel. megeb baitu ke hotel ategb neo. ምግብ፡ቤቱ፡ከሆቴሉ፡Aጠገብ፡ነው። B. The park is north of the lake. menafeshaw ke hike buste semain neo መናፈሻው፡ከሃይቁ፡በስተ፡ሰሜን፡ነው። C. The bank is between the church and the bus station. banku ke baite chrestian ena ke auto boos fermata mekakel neo ባንኩ፡ከቤተ፡ክርስቲያኑ፡Eና፡ከAውቶቡስ፡ፌርማታ፡መካከል፡ነው። D. The market is south of the bridge. gebeyaw ke dildeu beste debbob neo ገበያው፡ከድልድዩ፡በስተ፡ደቡብ፡ነው። E. The café is in front of the bookstore. buna baitu ke metshehaft baitu fiflefit neo ቡና፡ቤቱ፡ከመፀሃፍት፡ቤቱ፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው።

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F. The field is in front of the farm. maidaw ke erhsaw fitlefit neo ሜዳው፡ከEርሻው፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው።

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Lesson 7 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ሱቅ Suk

Shopping

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Customs and practices accepted in the Ethiopian marketplaces - Names of foods and stores - How to make purchases in Ethiopian shops - The verbs “to want,” “to buy,” “to pay,” and “to take” - The modal verb “can.”

The monetary unit of Ethiopian currency is the “Birr,” currently with a value of around 8.60 to the US dollar, subject to change every day. Copper coins are circulated in the value of 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 cents; these are called cantimes. Currency notes are printed in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500 Birr. The exchange rate of Birr against foreign currencies has been controlled by the daily inter-bank foreign exchange market since October 24, 2001. The foreign exchange market intervention committee of the National Bank of Ethiopia monitors and controls the rate on daily basis. Only the National Bank of Ethiopia, its authorized agents and commercial banks can exchange foreign currency. Travel and tour agents, hotels and banks branches with permission may deal in the exchange.

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1. Listen to the following vocabulary and repeat after the speaker.

Banana Tomato Potato Milk mooz timatim denech wetet ሙዝ ቲማቲም ድንች ወተት

Butter Eggs Bread Sugar kebe enkulal dabbo sekuar ቅቤ Eንቁላል ዳቦ ስኩዋር

Ice cream Fish Chiken ice cream assa dorro Aይስ፡ክሪም Aሳ ዶሮ

2. Work in pairs or in small groups. Ask your partner what foods he/she has at home. Use the model below. Model: A. bait menn belah (M) belash (F) belachehu (plural)? B. ene mooz timatim ena denech belau ቤት፡ምን፡በላህ/በላሽ/በላችሁ? Eኔ፡ሙዝ፡ቲማቲም፡Eና፡ድንች፡በላሁ

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3. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and follow along in the workbook. Look at the pictures and try to guess the meaning of unknown words. If you need help, check the answer key.

Yehay grocery newu. ይሄ፡ግሮሰሪ፡ነው።

Selam grocery wost newu yemtseraw.Esua genzeb tekebay nat. ሰላም፡ግሮሰሪ፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የምትሰራው።

Eሱዋ፡ገንዘብ፡ተቀባይ፡ናት።

Hirut grocery wost newu yemtserwu.Esua

shach nat. ሂሩት፡ግሮሰሪ፡ውስጥ፡ ነው፡የምትሰራው። Eሷ፡ሻጭ፡ናት።

Marta yelebs suk wost newu yemtserawu.Esua

shach nat. Hailem yelebs suk newu yemiserawu.Esu

cashier newu. ማርታ፡የልብስ፡ሱቅ፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የምትሰራው። Eሷ፡ሻጭ፡ናት።

ሃይሌም፡የልብስ፡ሱቅ፡ነው፡የሚሰራው።Eሱ፡ ካሼር፡ነው። Note: In Amharic, to express “too,” we add -m at the end of the name or thing.

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In Ethiopia there are several different types of shops and markets. In the capital city, Addis Ababa, there are small shops (stores) which are similar to mini marts; also there are modern grocery stores which are called “grocery” and clothing stores called yelebse suk or boutique scattered all over the city. There are many small open markets, but there is a very large one in Addis Ababa called Merkato. Merkato is one of the biggest open markets in Africa. You can find everything at a reasonable price, including bulk food, clothing, construction material, textiles, car parts, spices, grain, etc. Also you can find large department stores set up in large warehouses in Merkato, selling clothing and jewelry; these warehouses are called adarash. There is yelebse adarash (a clothing department store). In Merkato you will find hundreds of vendors in the open air selling mostly fresh vegetables, grain and spices. The other shopping district in Addis is Piassa; this is located in the heart of the city and is much smaller, on one avenue. You can find jewelry, clothing and high-end household items. The main difference between stores in Ethiopia and America is the fact that in Ethiopia, you can bargain, especially in open markets and in adarash. 4. Work in pairs or in small groups. Make up dialogues using the model below. Model: A. alemu yet newu yemiserawu? Aለሙ፡የት፡ነው፡የሚሰራው? B. Alemu grocery wost newu yemiserawu. Aለሙ፡ግሮሰሪ፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የሚሰራው There are two ways of constructing the verb and the infinitive. I want to buy cloth. “Ene lebse megzat felgalewu” or a short way, or common way: “lebse megzat felgalewu.” It is not necessary to use “ene.” Translate the following sentences in Amharic. Check your work with the answer key. I want to buy one liter of milk. You want to buy two kilos of beef. He wants to buy three kilos of coffee. She wants to buy a dozen eggs. We want to buy ten rolls of bread. They want to buy fish. You want to buy four kilos of potatoes. (plural)

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5. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and follow along in the workbook. Look at the pictures and try to guess the meaning of unknown words.

Woyni metsehaf megzat tefelgalech.esua metseahft bait nat. ወይኒ፡መፀሃፍ፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋለች።Eሷ፡መፀሃፍቤት፡ናት።

Yohannes yetrebeza seit megzat yefelgal.Esu Suk newu. ዮናስ፡የጠረቤዛ፡ሰAት፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋል።Eሱ፡ሱቅ፡ነው። Note.gift stores are just called stores.

6. Match each Amharic sentence in the left column with the English equivalent in the right column. Check the answer key. 1. Ene dabbo ena kebbe megzat felgalewu A. Sirak wants to buy fish. Eኔ፡ዳቦ፡Eና፡ቅቤ፡መግዛት፡ፈልጋለሁ 2. Neggash metsehaf yefelegal. B. They want to buy cheese. ነጋሽ፡መፀሃፍ፡ይፈልጋል 3. Sirak assa megzat yefelegal. C. I want to buy bread and butter. ሲራክ፡Aሳ፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋል 4. Solomon yeterebeza seit megzat yefelegal. D. My sister wants to buy the clothes. ሰለሞን፡የጠረቤዛ፡ሰAት፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋል 5. Egna sitota megzat enfelgalen. E. Solomon wants to buy a clock. Eኛ፡ስጦታ፡መግዛት፡Eንፈልጋለን 6. Enesu ayeb megzat yefelegalu F. Neggash wants to buy a book. Eነሱ፡Aይብ፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋሉ 7. Yene ehit lebse megzat tefelegalech G. We want to buy a gift. የኔ፡Eህት፡ልብስ፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋለች

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The way of buying groceries in Ethiopia is mainly by the kilo, the liter and the dozen. When buying bread, it’s by the quantity of rolls. Prices are mostly fixed in modern grocery stores, but one can bargain prices when buying in an open market. A pound/kilo of apples Kilo pomme ኪሎ፡ፖም A box of cereal Carton cereal ካርቶን፡ሲሪያል A bag of potatoes joneya dench ጆንያ፡ድንች A roll of bread Aned dabbo Aንድ፡ዳቦ A bottle of water Termus weha ጠርሙስ፡ወሃ A liter of milk Liter wetet ሊትር፡ወተት A dozen eggs Derzen enkulal ደርዘን፡Eንቁላል A bag of potatoes - in Amharic a bag is usually very large and contains about 50 to 100 kilos. It is called joneya and used for bulk. When buying potatoes, kilos are used. Pears are not known in Ethiopia. An apple is called pomme. The use of “too”: I want a banana too. Ene bananam felegalew. 7. Work with a partner or in small groups. Pretend that you are planning to have a surprise birthday party for one of your classmates. You need to buy some food and gifts. Make a shopping list and tell your partner in Amharic what you want to buy. How much is it? “Cent neo?” How much is two kilos of sugar? “hulet kilo sekuar cent neo?” You can just say “how much?” “cent neo?” To bargain and say it’s too much one can say “wedde neo.” Asking for a discount, one can say “kensh.” The salesperson will usually say “kenash yelem,” no discount. When buying something it’s good to compare prices at different stores and get the best price. Also it’s always good to ask or go with an Ethiopian for information on prices and stores to go. In Ethiopia people are very polite and helpful to foreigners, but it’s always advisable to shop around for bargains, since there is an assumption that foreigners have a lot of money.

8. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. A. Excuse me. I want to buy cheese. How much is it? Yekerta ,ayeb megzat felegalew. ይቅርታ፡Aይብ፡መግዛት፡ፈልጋልው B. A kilo of cheese is 5.40. Kilo ayeb amest birr ke arba cantim newu. ኪሎ፡Aይብ፡Aምስት፡ብር፡ከAርባ፡ሳንቲም፡ነው

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A. Thank you. Egzer yestelegn

Eግዜር፡ይስጥልኝ B. You are welcome.

Abro yestelegn Aብሮ፡ይስጥልኝ

9. Pretend you want to buy the items listed below. One of your classmates is a salesperson. Role-play an “In the Shop” dialogue, using the dialogue above as a model. Work in pairs or in small groups. 1. killo pomme - 3.45 ኪሎ፡ፖም 2. kilo assa – 8.15 ኪሎ፡Aሳ 3. kilo denech - 1.59 ኪሎ፡ድንች 4. termuse weha - 1.19 ጠርሙስ፡ውሃ 5. carton wetet - 4.50 ካርቶን፡ወተት 6. 12 dabbo - 2.65 12 ዳቦ 7. derzon enkulal - 2.48 ደርዘን:Eንቁላል 10. Complete the sentences using the words in the box. Check your answers with the answer key.

Yelebs suk grocery metsehaf bait suk adarash የልብስ፡ሱቅ ግሮሰሪ መፀሃፍ፡ቤት ሱቅ Aዳራሽ

1. Welagoche setota ______________________newu yemigezut.. ወላጆቼ፡ስጦታ__________ነው፡የሚገዙት።

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2. Enesu timatim ena denech __________________newu yemigezut. Eነሱ፡ቲማቲም፡Eና፡ድንች___________ነው፡የሚገዙት። 3. Yene wendem metshaf________________________newu yemigezaw. የኔ፡ወንድም፡መፀሃፍ__________ነው፡የሚገዛው። 4. Yene ehet ena ene lebse ___________________newu yemengezaw የኔ፡Eህት፡Eና፡Eኔ፡ልብስ_________ነው፡የምንገዛው። 5. Egna lebse , metshaf ena setota, _____________ megzat enchelalen. Eኛ፡ልብስ፡መፀሃፍ፡Eና፡ስጦታ_________መግዛት፡Eንችላለን።

11. Listen to and translate the following sentences. Check your work with the answer key. 1. ene metsehaf metsehafe bait newu yemegezaw Eኔ፡መፀሃፍ፡መፀሃፍ፡ቤት፡ነው፡የምገዛው። 2. yene ehit setota suk newu yemetgezaw የኔ፡Eህት፡ስጦታ፡ሱቅ፡ነው፡የምገዛው። 3. yene enat sekuar ke grocery ke bank fitlefit newu yemetgezaw የኔ፡Eናት፡ስኩዋር፡ከግሮሰሪ፡ከባንክ፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው፡የምትገዛው 4. yene ayatoch wetet ena kebe ke grocery newu yemigezut የኔ፡Aያቶች፡ወተት፡Eና፡ቅቤ፡ከግሮሰሪ፡ነው፡የሚገዙት። 5. engna lebse,metsehaf ena setota adarash newu yemengezaw Eኛ፡ልብስ፡መፀሃፍ፡Eና፡ስጦታ፡Aዳራሽ፡ነው፡የምንገዛው። Study the modal verb “can” The verb can -yechalal ይቻላል I can read. Ene manbeb chilalewu. Eኔ፡ማነበብ፡Eችላልሁ He can read. Ante manbeb techilaleh Aንተ፡ማንበብ፡ትችላለህ She can read. Esua manbeb techilalech Eሷ፡ማንበብ፡ትችላለች We can read. Engna manbeb enchilalen. Eኛ፡ማንበብ፡Eንችላለን You can read. Enante manbeb techilalachwe. Eናንተ፡ምንበብ፡ትችላላችሁ They can read. Enesu manbeb yechilalu. Eነሱ፡ማንበብ፡ይችላሉ

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I can Ene …echilalewu Eኔ…Eችላለሁ You can Ante(M) ….techilaleh /anchi

(F)……techiyalesh Aንተ…ትችላለህ

He can Esu….yechilal Eሱ…ይችላል She can Esua….techilalech Eሷ…ትችላለች We can Engna…enchilalen Eኛ..Eንችላለን You can Enante….techilalachewu Eንናንተ…ትችላላችሁ They can Enesu….yechilalu Eነሱ…ይችላሉ The verb to take - meused I can take a taxi. Ene taxi meused echilalewu. OR taxi meused echilalewu. You can take a taxi. Ante(M) taxi meused techilaleh. OR taxi meused techilaleh. Anchi (F) taxi meused techilalech. OR taxi meused techilallech He can take a taxi. Esu taxi meused yechilal. OR taxi meused yechilal She can take a taxi. Esua taxi meused techilalech. OR taxi meused techilalech We can take a taxi. Engna taxi meused enchilalen. OR taxi meused enchilalen You can take a taxi. Enante taxi meused techilalachewu. OR taxi meused techilalachewu They can take a taxi. Enesu taxi meused yechilalu. OR taxi meused yechilalu.

12. a) Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. A. Hello. I want to buy a loaf of bread. How much is it? Selam, dabbo megzat efelegalew, cent newu? ሰላም፡ዳቦ፡መግዛት፡ፈልጋለው፡ስንት፡ነው? B. It is 2.65. Hulet birr ke selsa amest cantim newu. ሁለት፡ብር፡ከስልሳ፡Aምስት፡ሳንቲም፡ነው A. Can I pay with a credit card? Be credit card mekfel echilalewu? በክሬዲት፡ካርድ፡መክፈል፡Eችላልሁ?

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B. I’m sorry, but we take cash. Yekerta, genzeb enwesdalen ይቅርታ፡ገንዘብ፡Eንወስዳለን b) Role-play the dialogue. Make up similar dialogues using the words below. 1. hulet termus weha ሁለት፡ጠርሙስ፡ወሃ 2. metshehaf መፀሃፍ 3. carton wetet ካርቶን፡ወተት 4. kilo ayeba ኪሎ፡Aይብ 5. derzon enkulal ደርዘን፡Eንቁላል 13. Read the dialogue and answer the follow-up questions. Check your work with the answer key. samuel: selam, Misrak ሳሙኤል ሰላም፡ምስራቅ misrak: selam, samuel! ምስራቅ ሰላም፡ሳሙኤል Samuel: yet tehaygalesh? ሳሙኤል የት፡ትሄጃለሽ? Misrak: ene grocery ehaydalew ምስራቅ Eኔ፡ግሮሰሪ፡ኣሄዳለሁ samuel: menn megzat tefelegaleh? ሳሙኤል ምን፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋለህ? Misrak: ene baddo , hulet termus weha, kilo pomme megzat felegalew. Yet teheadaleh? ምስራቅ Eኔ፡ባቦ፡ሁለት፡ጠርሙስ፡ወሃ፡ኪሎ፡ፖም፡መግዛት፡ፈልጋልው።የት፡ትሄዳለህ?

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samuel: ene adarash eheadalewu ሳሙኤል Eኔ፡Aዳራሽ፡Eሄዳለሁ misrak: menn megzt neo yemetfelegewu? ምስራቅ ምን፡መግዛት፡ነው፡የምትፈልገው? samuel: ene le wend ayat setota megzat felegalew. Ene yeterbeza seit weynem metshehaf megzat felegalewu. ሳሙኤል Eኔ፡ለወንድ፡Aያቴ፡ስጦታ፡መግዛት፡ፈልጋለው።Eኔ፡የጠረቤዛ፡ሰAት፡ወይንም፡መፀሃፍ፡ መግዛት፡ፈልጋለሁ። Misrak: ene setota suk newu yemgeza. ምስራቅ Eኔ፡ከስጦታ፡ሱቅ፡ነው፡የምገዛው። samuel: metsehaft bait bu credit card mekfel alechilem.. enesu genzeb yewsdalu.. ሳሙኤል መፀሃፍት፡ቤት፡በክሬዲት፡ካርድ፡መክፈል፡Aልችልም፡Eነሱ፡ገንዘብ፡ይወስዳሉ። Questions:

1. Where is Samuel going? 2. What does he/she want to buy? 3. Where is Misrak going? 4. What does he/she want to buy? 5. Can he/she pay with a credit card at the bookstore?

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Translate the following into Amharic. Check your work with the answer key. A. Where do you buy tomatoes and potatoes? B. Do you take credit cards? No, we take cash. C. I buy the gift for my sister in the clothing store. D. How much is a loaf of bread? - 2.35 2. In Amharic, tell where you buy groceries/ gifts/ books/ clothes. 3. What would you tell a salesperson in Amharic if you want to buy a carton of milk/ a watch/ a dozen eggs? How would you ask the price of it? Role-play the dialogue.

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Vocabulary List How much …? Cent newu…? ስንት፡ነው It’s …….. . …..newu ….ነው I want to buy… Ene ….megzat felgalewu Eኔ….መግዛት፡ፈልጋለሁ Banana Mooze ሙዝ Butter Kebe ቅቤ Chicken Doro ዶሮ Fish Asa Aሳ Ice cream Ice cream Aይስ፡ክሪም Milk Wetet ወተት Tomato Timatim ቲማቲም Potato Dinech ድንች Sugar Sekuar ስኩዋር Cereal cereal ሲሪያል Cheese Ayeb Aይብ Eggs Enkulal Eንቁላል A pound/kilo of cheese Kilo ayeb ኪሎ፡Aይብ A bag of potatoes Joneya denich ጆንያ፡ድንች A loaf of bread dabbo ዳቦ A bottle of water Termus weha ጠርሙስ፡ወሃ A dozen eggs Derzon enkulal ደርዘን፡Eንቁላል A box of cereal Karton cereal ካርቶን፡ሲሪያል A carton of milk Karton wetet ካርቶን፡ወተት Department store Suk adarash ሱቅ፡Aዳራሽ Clothing store Yelebse suk የልብስ፡ሱቅ Grocery store Grocery (super market) ግሮሰሪ Bookstore Metshaft bait መፀሃፍ።ቤት Bread Dabbo ዳቦ Credit card Credit card ክሬዲት፡ካርድ Cash Genzeb (cash) ገንዘብ Cashier Genzeb tekeby ገንዘብ፡ተቀባይ Salesperson shach ሻጭ To buy Megzat መግዛት To take Mewsed መውሰድ To pay/pay for Mekfel መክፈል Too -m መ Can I pay with a credit card? Be credit card mekfel

yechalal በክሬዲት፡ካርድ፡መክፈል፡ይቻላል

I’m sorry, but we take cash. Yekerta, genzeb enwesdalen ይቅርታ፡ገንዘብ፡Eንወስዳለን

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Answer Key 3.

This is a grocery store. Selam works at the grocery

store. She is a cashier. Hirut works at the grocery store. He is a salesperson.

Marta works at the clothing store. She is a

salesperson. Hailem works at the clothing store. He is a

cashier. 4. Model: A. Where does Alemu work? B. Alemu works at the grocery store Model: A. Alemu yet newu yemiserawu? Aለሙ፡የት፡ነው፡የሚሰራው? B. Alemu grocery wost newu yemiserawu. Aለሙ፡ግሮሰሪ፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡የሚሰራው I want to buy one liter of milk. Ene aned liter wetet megzat felgalewu. OR aned liter wetet megzat felgalewu Eኔ፡Aንድ፡ሊተር፡ወተት፡መግዛት፡ፈልጋልው።Aንድ፡ሊትር፡ወተት፡መግዛት፡ፈልጋለው

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You want to buy two kilos of beef. Ante (M) anchi (F) hulet kilo cigga megzat tefelgaleh (M) tefeligalesh (F)? OR Aንተ/Aንቺ/ሁለት፡ኪሎ፡ስጋ፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋለህ፡ትፈልጊያለሽ? hulet kilo cigga tefelgaleh(M) tefeligalsh(F) ሁልት፡ኪሎ፡ስጋ፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጊያለሽT He wants to buy three kilos of coffee. Esu sost kilo buna megzat yefelegal OR Sost kilo buna yefelgal Eሱ፡ሶስት፡ኪሎ፡ቡና፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋል/ሶስት፡ኪሎ፡ቡና፡ይፈልጋል She wants to buy a dozen eggs. Esua derzon enkulal megzat tefelgalech OR Derzon enkulak megzat tefelgalech Eሷ፡ደርዘን፡Eንቁላል፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋለች/ደርዘን፡Eንቁላል፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋለች We want to buy ten rolls of bread. Engna aser dabbo megzat enfelgalen OR Aser dabbo megzat enfelgalen. Eኛ፡Aሰር፡ዳቦ፡መግዛት፡Eንፈልጋለን/Aስር፡ዳቦ፡መግዛት፡Eንፈልጋለን They want to buy fish. Enesu assa megzat yefelgalu OR Assa megzat yefelgalu Aሳ፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋል You want to buy four kilos of potatoes. (plural) Enante arat kilo denech megzat tefelgalachehu OR Arat kilo denech megzat tefelgalachewu Eናንተ፡Aራት፡ኪሎ፡ድንች፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋላችሁ/Aራት፡ኪሎ፡ድንች፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋላችሁ 6. 1. ene dabbo ena kebbe megzat felgalewu A. Sirak wants to buy fish. 3 Eኔ፡ዳቦ፡Eና፡ቅቤ፡መግዛት፡ፈልጋለሁ 2. Neggash metsehaf yefelegal. B. They want to buy cheese. 6 ነጋሽ፡መፀሃፍ፡ይፈልጋል 3. Sirak assa megzat yefelegal. C. I want to buy bread and butter. 1 ሲራክ፡Aሳ፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋል 4. Solomon yeterebeza seit megzat yefelegal. D. My sister wants to buy the clothes.7 ሰለሞን፡የጠረቤዛ፡ሰAት፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋል 5. egna sitota megzat enfelgalen. E. Solomon wants to buy a clock.4 Eኛ፡ስጦታ፡መግዛት፡Eንፈልጋለን 6. enesu ayeb megzat yefelegalu F. Neggash wants to buy a book.2 Eነሱ፡Aይብ፡መግዛት፡ይፈልጋሉ 7. yene ehit lebse megzat tefelegalech G. We want to buy a gift.5 የኔ፡Eህት፡ልብስ፡መግዛት፡ትፈልጋለች

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10. 1. welagoche setota suk newu yemigezut.. ወላጆቼ፡ስጦታ፡ ሱቅ፡ ነው፡የሚገዙት። 2. enesu timatim ena denech grocery newu yemigezut. Eነሱ፡ቲማቲም፡Eና፡ድንች፡ግሮሰሪ፡ ነው፡የሚገዙት። 3. yene wendem metshaf metsehaf bait newu yemigezaw. የኔ፡ወንድም፡መፀሃፍ፡መፀሃፍት፡ቤት፡ ነው፡የሚገዛው። 4. yene ehet ena ene lebse yelebse suk newu yemengezaw የኔ፡Eህት፡Eና፡Eኔ፡ልብስ፡የልብስ፡ሱቅ፡ ነው፡የምንገዛው። 5. egna lebse , metshaf ena setota, adarash megzat enchelalen. Eኛ፡ልብስ፡መፀሃፍ፡Eና፡ስጦታ፡Aዳራሽ፡ መግዛት፡Eንችላለን። 1. My parents buy gifts at the gift store. 2. They buy tomatoes and potatoes at the grocery store. 3. My brother buys books at the bookstore. 4. My sister and I buy clothes at the clothing store. 5. We can buy clothes, books and gifts at the department store. 11. 1. I buy books in the bookstore. 2. My sister buys gifts at the gift store . 3. My mother buys sugar at the grocery store across from the bank. 4. My grandparents buy milk and butter at the grocery store. 5. We buy clothes, books, and gifts at the department store. 13. Compare your answers to the translation. Samuel : Hello, Misrak! Misrak: Hello, Samuel! Samuel: Where are you going? Misrak: I am going to the grocery store. Samuel: What do you want to buy? Misrak: I want to buy bread, two bottles of water, and a pound of pears. Where are you going? Samuel: I am going to the department store.

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Misrak: What do you want to buy? Samuel: I want to buy a gift for my grandfather. I want to buy a book or a clock. Misrak: I buy gifts at the gift store. Samuel: At a bookstore I can’t pay with a credit card. They take cash. End of Lesson Tasks 1. E. Timatim ena denech yet neo yemegezae?

ቲማቲም፡Eና፡ድንች፡የት፡ነው፡የምገዛው? F. Credit card tewesdalachew? I genzed enwesdalen

ክሬዲት፡ካርድ፡ትወስዳላችሁ? Aይ፡ገንዘብ፡Eንወስዳለን G. Ene stoat le ehet yelebse suk gezalew.

Eኔ፡ስጦታ፡ለEህቴ፡የልብስ፡ሱቅ፡ገዛለሁ H. Aned dabbo cent neo? hulet birr ke selasa amest cantim neo.

Aንድ፡ባቦ፡ስንት፡ነው፡ ሁለት፡ብር፡ከሰላሳ፡Aምስት፡ሳንቲም፡ነው

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Lesson 8 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ምግብ፡ቤት Megeb Bait Eating Out

This lesson will introduce you to: - Eating out in a restaurant in Ethiopia - Various menu items - How to order menu items - Different table service items.

The national food of Ethiopia is Injera with wot. Injera is spongy flat bread usually prepared from teff, wheat, barley or millet. Teff is an Ethiopian grain rich in iron and other minerals; it can be found in health food stores in the US. Injera is eaten with wot, which is a spicy sauce made from an onion and pepper base and other various spices. Wot can be made mild or hot, using different meats such as beef, lamb or chicken, and vegetables. The injera is used to scoop wot in small portions to be eaten by hand. Before a meal one washes one’s hands, and also after a meal, it is a tradition for a domestic servant to offer the guests water and soap to wash their hands. It could be hard for the first time to eat with your fingers, but asking for utensils may be considered impolite. Also, one should avoid licking one’s fingers; there are washcloths and napkins available.

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1. Look at the restaurant menu below. Repeat the words after the speaker, and follow along in the workbook.

Small World Restaurant

Soup shorba ሾርባ 3.00 birr Salad Selata ሰላጣ 4.00 birr Hamburger humberger ሃምበርገር 5.00 birr Fried potatoes denech tibs ድንች፡ጥብስ 3.50 birr Pasta pasta ፓስታ 6.00 birr Beef cigga ስጋ 8.00 birr Chicken doro ዶሮ 7.00 birr Fish assa Aሳ 6.50 birr Ice Cream ice cream Aይስ፡ክሪም 2.50 birr Cake (a piece) cake ኬክ 3.99 birr Orange juice (a glass) bertukan juice ብርቱካን፡ጁስ 2.33 birr Apple juice (a glass) pomme juice ፖም፡ጁስ 2.30 birr Coffee (a cup) buna ቡና 2.50 birr Milk (a glass) wetet ወተት 2.05 birr Tea shy ሻይ 1.25 birr Beer (a glass) berchiko bira ቢራ 4.50 birr Wine (a bottle) termuse vino ቪኖ 15.10 birr 2. Imagine that you have 35 birr. What would you order at the “Small World Restaurant”? 3. Read the following dialogue between a waiter and a patron. Make up similar dialogues using the words and word combinations that are in the box. A. yekerta yene ehit(F) wendem(M) ይቅርታ፡የኔ፡Eህት/ወንድም B. abet min letazez Aቤት፡ምን፡ልታዘዝ A. cini buan efelegalew ስኒ፡ቡና፡Eፈልጋለው B. yekerta gashe, buna yelenem genn shy alen ይቅርታ፡ጋሼ፡ቡና፡የለንም፡ግን፡ሻይ፡Aለን A. Excuse me, waiter. B. Yes, please. A. I want a cup of coffee. B. Sorry, sir. We do not have coffee, but we have tea.

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1. cini buna – shy ስኒ--ቡና 2. bercheko wetet –shy/buna ብርጭቆ፡ወተት--ሻይ/ቡና 3. bercheko burtukan juice – pomme juice ብርጭቆ፡ብርቱክን፡ጁስ---ፖም፡ጁስ 4. assa ena pasta – doro ena denech tibs Aሳና፡ፓስታ----ዶሮ፡Eና፡ድንች፡ጥብስ

4. Listen to the following dialogue that takes place at a restaurant. Follow along in your workbook. Pay attention to the new words. Role-play the dialogue. You can substitute the highlighted words with any food from the “Small World Restaurant” menu. A. Hello, sir. What do you want to eat? Selam gashe. Menne yemta? ሰላም፡ጋሼ፡ምን፡ይምጣ? B. What do you recommend? True menn ale? ጥሩ፡ምን፡Aለ? A. We have wonderful fried chicken and pasta. They are delicious. Betam true doro tibs ena pasta alen. Betam yetafital. በጣም፡ጥሩ፡ዶሮ፡ጥብስና፡ፓስታ፡Aለን።በታም፡ይጣፍጣል። B. Very well. Fried chicken and pasta, please. Betam true.dorro tibs ena pasta bakehn. በጣም፡ጥሩ፡ዶሮ፡ጥብስ፡Eና፡ፓስታ፡ባክህን A. What do you want to drink? Menn metetat tefelegaleh? ምን፡መጠጣት፡ትፈልጋለህ? B. A cup of tea with sugar and lemon. Cini shy bu sekuar ena lommi. ስኔ፡ሻይ፡በሰኩር፡Eና፡ሎሚ A. Any dessert? Tafach negger? ጣፈጭ፡ነገር? B. Yes, I want a piece of cheesecake. Oewo, ene cheesecake efelegalewu. Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ቺዝ፡ኬክ፡ፈልጋለሁ

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A. Here is your bill, sir. Hisab yehayew, gashe. ሂሳብ፡ይህው፡ጋሼ B. Can I pay with a credit card? Be credit card mekfel yechalal. በክሬዲት፡ካርድ፡መክፈል፡ይቻላል? A. Yes, you can. Oewo yechalal Aው፡ይቻላል Study the present and past tenses of the verb “drink”.

Present tense Past Tense I drink ጠጣለሁ Tetaleu I drank ጠጣሁ Tetau You drink ትጠጣለህ Tetetaleh You drank ጠጥቱዋል Tetetual He drinks ይጠጣሉ Yetetal He drank ጠጥቱዋል tetetual We drink Eንጠጣለን Entetalen We drank ጠጣን Tetan You drink ትጠጣላችሁ Tetetalachew You drank ጠጣችሁ Tetachew They drink ይጠጣሉ yetetalu They drank ጠጡ tetu

5. Using the restaurant menu above, tell your classmates in Amharic what you ate and drank at a restaurant the last time you were there. Model: yalefewu ehude megeb bait belah. I ate fried potatoes, chicken, and a salad. I drank tea. ያለፈው፡Eሁድ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ 6. Translate the following dialogue. Check your work with the answer key. ያለፈው፡Eሁድ፡የት፡ነበርክ? yalefew ehud yet neberk? ያለፈው፡Eሁድ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ነበርኩ Ene yalefewu ehud megeb bait neberku Aንተ፡ከወንድምህ፡ጋር፡ነበርክ? ante ke wendem garr neberk? Aዎ፡Eኔና፡ወድሜ፡Eሃ፡ነበርን Oewo ene ena yene wendem eza neberen. Eሱ፡ምን፡በላ? esu menne bela?

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Eሱ፡Aሳ፡Eና፡ፓስታ፡በልዋል Esu pasta ena assa beltual Eሱ፡ምን፡ጠጣ? esu menne teta? Eሱ፡ሻይ፡ጠጣ Esu shy teta. Aንተ፡ምን፡በላህ? ante menne belah? Eኔ፡ዶሮ፡Eና፡ድንች፡ጥብስ፡በላሁ Ene dorro ena denech tibs belawu Aንተ፡ምን፡ጠጣህ? ante menne tetah? Eኔ፡ቡና፡ጠጣሁ Ene buna tetau

7. Below are some table service items. Listen and repeat after the speaker.

Plate Bowl Cup Glass sehan Godguada sehan cini berchiko ሰሃን ጎድጉዋዳ፡ሰሃን ስኒ ብርጭቆ

Knife Fork Spoon Napkin billa shuka mankia napkin

ቢላ ሹካ ማንኪያ ናፕኪን

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8. Match the English words in the left column with the Amharic equivalents in the right column. Check the answer key.

1. Plate A. mankia/ማንኪያ 2. Bowl B. bercheko/በርጭቆ 3. Cup C. billa/ቢላ 4. Glass D. shuka/ሹካ 5. Knife E. godguada dehan/ጎድጉዋዳ፡ሰሃን 6. Fork F. sehan/ሰሃን 7. Spoon G. Napkin/ናፕኪን 8. Napkin H. Cini/ስኒ

9. Listen to the following model. Repeat after the speaker. Compose similar sentences using the words below. Model: A. mankia yelegnem. Mankia magnet echilalewu? ማንኪያ፡የለኝም፡መንኪያ፡ማግኝት፡Eችላለሁ? B. Oewo ,yehewu Aዎ፡ይሀው 1. napkin 2. cini 3. shukia 4. billa 5. berchiko

10. Listen to the speaker and circle the words you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. I want a glass of milk / juice. 2. We drank orange juice / apple juice at a restaurant. 3. Did you eat salad / pasta? 4. They ate fried potatoes and chicken / fish. 5. She had soup, salad and fish / meat. 6. Can I have a knife / fork? 7. He does not have a glass / plate.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Tell in Amharic what you usually eat and drink for breakfast / lunch / dinner. 2. Tell in Amharic what you ate and drank at a restaurant the last time you were there. 3. Pretend that you are at a restaurant now. What would you say in Amharic if you want to eat salad and fried potatoes? You also want a cup of coffee, and you need a fork and a napkin. What would you say in Amharic if you do not know what to choose? Your classmate is a waiter. Role-play the dialogue. Work in pairs or in small groups. 4. Read and translate the following text then answer the following questions. Check your work with the answer key. ያለፈው፡Aርብ፡ከስራ፡በሁዋላ፡Eኔ፡Eና፡የኔ፡ወንድም፡ከወላጆቼ፡ጋር፡ስሞል፡ወርልድ፡ ምግብ፡ቤት፡ሄድን።ትንሽ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ናት፡ከባንኩ፡ፊትለፊት፡Aስተናጋጁ፡ዶሮ፡ ጥብስ፡ሰላጣ፡Eና፡ፓስታ፡Aመጣልን።የኔ፡ወንድም፡ስጋ፡Eና፡ድንች፡Aመጣልን።የኔ፡ ወንድም፡ስጋ፡Eና፡ድንች፡በላ።Eሱ፡ሻይ፡፡በስኩዋር፡Eና፡ሎሚ፡ጠጣ።የኔ፡Eናት፡ሾርባ፡ Eና፡ሃምበርገር፡በላች፡የፖም፡ጁስ፡ጠጣች።ለጣፋጭ፡ነገር፡የEንጆሪ፡ኬክ”በላች። የኔ፡Aባት፡ስጋ፡ድንች፡ጥብስ፡Eና፡ቲማቲም፡በላ።ጣፋጭ፡ነገር፡ቺዝ፡ኬክ፡ባላ፡ቡና፡ጠጣ። Eኔ፡ዶሮ፡Eና፡ሰላጣ፡በላሁ፡ይጣፍጥ፡ነበር።በክሬዲት፡ካርድ፡ልከፍል፡ነበር፡ግን፡Aባቴ፡ በገንዘብ፡ከፈለ።ግሩም፡ምሽት፡Aሳለፍን። yalefew areb ke sera behula , ene ena yene wendem ke welagoche garr small world megeb bait hayeden.tenish megeb bait ke bank fitlefit neo. astenagaju dorro tibs,selata, ena pasta ametalen.yene wendem cigga ena denech bela; esu shy bu sekuar ena bu lommi teta.yene enat shorba ena humberger belach. Esua pomme juice tetach.tafach negger ye enjori cake belach.yene abat cigga,denech tibs ena timatim bela tafach negger cheesecake bela buna teta.ene dorro ena selata belau.yetafet neber. Bu credit card lekefel nebber genn abate bu genzeb kefele. Grume meshet asalefen. 1. When did the family go to the restaurant? 2. Where is the restaurant? 3. What did the waiter recommend? 4. What did my brother eat? 5. What did he drink? 6. Did my mother eat soup and hamburgers? 7. Did she drink orange or apple juice?

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8. Did she eat a piece of cheesecake for dessert? 9. What did my father eat? 10. Did he drink wine? 11. Did my father pay with a credit card? 12. Was it a wonderful evening?

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Vocabulary List

Apple juice Pomme juice ፖም፡ጁስ Bowl Godguada sehane ጎድጉዋዳ፡ሰሃን Cheesecake Cheesecake ቺዝ፡ኬክ Coffee Buna ቡና Cup Cini ስኒ Fork Shuka ሹካ Fried Tibs ጥብስ Glass Bircheko ብርጭቆ Knife Billa ቢላ Napkin Napkin ናፕኪን Orange juice Burtukan juice ብርቱካን፡ጁስ Piece * Plate sehan ሰሃን Please Ebakot Eባኮት Salad Selata ሰላጣ Soup Shoreba ሾርባ Spoon Mankiya ማንኪያ Tea Shy ሻይ Beef Cigga ስጋ Hamburger Humberger ሃምበርገር Here you are Yehew ይሄው To drink / drank Metetat/ teta መጠጣት/ጠጣ To eat /ate Mebat/bella መብላት/በላ Recommend * Wonderful Betam teru በጣብ፡ጥሩ Delicious Yetafetal ይጣፍጣል Very well Betam teru በጣም፡ጥሩ Lemon Lommi ሎሚ Dessert Tafach ጣፋጭ Bill Hisab ሂሳብ Wine Vino ቪኖ Beer birra ቢራ

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Answer Key 6. Where did you eat last Sunday? I ate at a restaurant. Did you eat alone? No, my brother was with me. What did he eat? He ate pasta and fish. What did he drink? He drank tea. What did you eat? I ate chicken and fried potatoes. What did you drink? I drank coffee. 8. 1. F 2. E 3. H 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. G 10. 1. ene bercheko wetet felegalewu I want a glass of milk. Eኔ፡በርጭቆ፡ወተት፡Eፈልጋለሁ 2. engna megeb bait bertukan juice tetan We drank orange juice in a resturant Eኛ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ብርቱካን፡ጁስ፡ጠጣን 3. ante pasta belah? Did you eat pasta? Aንተ፡ፓስታ፡በላህ? 4. enesu denech tibs ena doro belu? They ate fried potatoes and chicken. Eነሱ፡ድንች፡ጥብስ፡Eና፡ዶሮ፡በሉ?

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5. esua shorba ena selata ena ciga belach. She ate soup, salad and meat. Eሷ፡ሾርባ፡Eና፡ሰላጣ፡Eና፡ስጋ፡በላች 6. billa magnet echilalewu? Can I have a knife? ቢላ፡ማግኝት፡Eችላልሁ 7. esu bercheko yelewem He does not have a glass. Eሱ፡ብርጭቆ፡የለውም End of Lesson Tasks 4. Compare your answers with the translation. Last Friday after work, my brother, our parents and I went to the restaurant “Small World.” It’s a small restaurant across from the bank. A waiter recommended us to have fried chicken, salad, and pasta. My brother ate beef and potatoes; he drank tea with sugar and lemon. My mother ate soup and a hamburger. She drank apple juice. For dessert she had a piece of strawberry cake. My father ate beef, fried potatoes, and tomatoes. He ate a piece of cheesecake for dessert and drank coffee. I ate chicken and salad. It was delicious! I wanted to pay with a credit card, but my father paid cash. We had a wonderful evening.

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Lesson 9 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 Biell ena bahill በAልና፡ባህል

Holidays, Customs, and Cultural Traditions

This lesson will introduce you to: - How to read dates - How to use ordinal numbers - Names of the months - Holidays, customs, and cultural traditions of Ethiopia.

The Julian calendar was discarded by the Europeans 400 years ago, but Ethiopia still uses it. The Julian calendar divides the year into 12 month of 30 days each, with the remaining five (or six in a leap year) constituting the short 13th month of “Pagume.” In Greek, pagume means “additional.” The Ethiopian New Year starts on the 11th or 12th of September every year. Other than New Year, most Ethiopian celebrations are Christian or Muslim religious events. Kiddus Yohannes, New Year's Day, comes on September 11, which coincides with the end of the season of heavy rains and the beginning of spring. On New Year's Eve, people gather around neighborhood bonfires before visiting friends and relatives to offer them New Year's greetings. On New Year's Day people dress in new clothes and celebrate with feasts, visits and games such as gugs.

Important Christian holidays include Meskal, Christmas, Timket and Easter. Timket, which marks Christ's baptism, is the most colorful event of the year. On Timket eve, priests dressed in elaborate robes parade each church's tabot to a body of water. There people hold a nighttime vigil; the priests then bless the water and anoint the faithful. Singing and dancing, crowds parade the tabots back to their churches. Tabot is a holy writing or symbol of religion (shrine) wich people use to worship during an important Christian holiday.

In September, the two-day feast of Meskal marks the finding of the True Cross. Each town builds an enormous bonfire and a cross decorated with flowers. After dark, the townspeople encircle the fire three times, singing Meskal hymns. During the day, horsemen parade through the streets wearing lion's-mane or baboon-skin headdresses and carrying shields and spears.

Muslim holidays are based on the lunar calendar and thus fall at different times each year. The ninth month of the Muslim calendar is devoted to Ramadan, which is marked by fasting. The greatest Muslim feast of the year is 'Id Al Fatr, which celebrates the end of Ramadan. The 'Id al Adha is the feast marking Abraham's sacrifice. On these days, after praying and listening to the imam (religious leader) preach, Muslim Ethiopians sacrifice animals and distribute part of the meat to the poor. Wearing new clothes, they visit

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friends and relatives as well as family graves. Horse races are also traditional on these days. Muslims also celebrate the Prophet Mohammed's birthday on September 20 and mark the anniversaries of numerous martyrs.

Since the Ethiopian calendar and European or American calendar are not the same, it is always good to mention which calendar one is using in order to avoid confusion. In professional settings, most Ethiopians who deal with foreigners do not use the local calendar, but it is used in schools and many government institutions.

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1. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. 1 one Aned Aንድ the first Bu aned በAንድ 2 two Hulet ሁለት the second Bu hulet በሁለት 3 three Sost ሶስት the third Bu Sost በሶስት 4 four Arat Aራት the fourth bu Arat በAራት 5 five Amest Aምስት the fifth bu Amest በAምስት 6 six Sedest ስድስት the sixth bu Sedest በስድስት 7 seven Sebat ሰባት the seventh Bu Sebat በሰባት 8 eight Sement ስምንት the eighth Bu Semen በስምንት 9 nine Zeten ዘጠኝ the ninth Bu zeten በዘጠኝ 10 ten Aser Aስር the tenth Bu aser በAስር

2. Fill in the blanks to complete the sentences. Use the words located in the box. Check your work with the answer key. Aምስተኛ amestnya ሁለተኛ huletenay Aንደኛ anedneya ስድስተኛ sedestenya ሶስተኛ sosteneya ሰማተኛ sebateneya Aራተኛ aratenay 1. segno yesamentu_________ ken newu. 1.ሰኞ፡የሳምንቱ፡ ፡ቀን፡ነው 2. maksegno yesamentu_________ ken newu. 2.ማክሰኞ፡የሳምንቱ፡ ፡ቀን፡ነው 3. erob yesamentu _________ ken newu. 3.Eሮብ፡የሳምንቱ፡ ፡ቀን፡ነው 4. hamus yesamentu_________ken newu. 4.ሃሙስ፡የሳምንቱ፡ ፡ቀን፡ነው

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5. arb yesamentu ________ ken newu. 5.Aርብ፡የሳምንቱ፡ ፡ቀን፡ነው 6. kedame yeamnetu ______ ken newu. 6.ቅዳሜ፡የሳምንቱ፡ ፡ቀን፡ነው 7. ehud yesamentu ______ken newu. Eሁድ፡የሳምንቱ___ቀን፡ነው

3. Listen and repeat after the speaker the ordinal numbers 11 through 20. Follow along in the workbook. 11 eleven Asra aned AስራAንድ the eleventh Bu Asra aned በAስራAንድ 12 twelve Asra hulet Aስራሁለት the twelfth Be Asra hulet በAስራሁለት 13 thirteen Asra sost Aስራሶስት the thirteenth Be Asra sost በAስራሶስት 14 fourteen Asra arat AስራAራት the fourteenth Be Asra arat በAስራAራት 15 fifteen Asra amest AስራAምስት the fifteenth Be Asra amest በAስራAምስት 16 sixteen Asra sedest Aስራስድስት the sixteenth Be Asra sedest በAስራስድስት 17 seventeen Asra sebat Aስራሰባት the seventeenth Be asra sebat በAስራሰባት 18 eighteen Asra sement Aስራስምንት the eighteenth Be asra sement በAስራስምንት 19 nineteen Asra zetegn Aስራዘጠኝ the nineteenth Be asra zetegn በAስራዘጠኝ 20 twenty Haya ሃያ the twentieth Be hay በሃያ

4. Practice saying the following ordinal numbers in Amharic. 11th, 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, 12th, 14th, 16th, 18th, 20th.

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5. Listen and repeat after the speaker the ordinal numbers 21-30. 21 twenty-one Haya aned ሃያAንድ the twenty-first Be haya aned በሃያAንድ 22 twenty-two Haya hulet ሃያሁለት the twenty-second Be haya hulet በሃያሁለት 23 twenty-three Haya sost ሃያሶስት the twenty-third Be haya sost በሃያሶስት 24 twenty-four Haya arat ሃያAራት the twenty-fourth Be haya arat በሃያAራት 25 twenty-five Haya amest ሃያAምስት the twenty-fifth Be haya amest በሃያAምስት 26 twenty-six Haya sedest ሃያስድስት the twenty-sixth Be haya sedest በሃያስድስት 27 twenty-seven Haya sebat ሃያሰባት the twenty-seventh Bu haya sebat በሃያሰባት 28 twenty-eight Haya sement ሃያስምንት the twenty-eighth Bu haya sement በሃያስምንት 29 twenty-nine Haya zeten ሃያዘጠኝ the twenty-ninth Bu haya zeten በሃያዘጠኝ 30 thirty Selasa ሰላሳ the thirtieth Bu selasa በሰላሳ

6. Listen to the names of the months and repeat after the speaker.

Ethiopian Months Begin in…. መስከረም meskerem September ጥቅምት tikimit October ህዳር hidar November ታህሳስ tahesas December ጥች tir January የካቲት yekatit February መጋቢት megabit March ሚያዚያ miyazia April ግንቦት ginbot May ሰኔ sene June ሃምሌ hamle July ነሃሴ ፓጉሜ

nehase pagume

August September (the additional month

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7. Look at the picture and say the dates and days of the week in Amharic. Model: Today is the 23rd of May, 2001. It is Tuesday. ዛሬ፡ቀኑ፡ሃያ፡ሶስት፡ጥር፡ሁለት፡ሺህ፡Aንድ፡ነው። Zare kenu haya sost tir hulet shi aned newu. segno newu.

8. Note the following names and dates of Amharic holidays. 1. Christmas – the 7th of January in the European calendar 2. Timkit – the 19th of January in the European calendar 3. New Year – the 11th of September in the European calendar The word thousand is shih, pronounced as “she.” The construction is the same as in English. One thousand - aned she Aንድ፡ሺህ Two thousand - hulet she ሁለት፡ሺህ Three thousand-sost she ሶስት፡ሺህ Four thousand-arat she Aራት፡ሺህ Five thousand –amest she Aምስት፡ሺህ Six thousand-sedest she ስድስት፡ሺህ Seven thousand-sebat she ሰባት፡ሺህ Eight thousand-sement she ስምንት፡ሺህ Nine thousand-zetegn she ዘጠኝ፡ሺህ Ten thousand-aser she Aስር፡ሺህ

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9. Listen as the speaker reads the following years. Repeat after the speaker. When saying the year (1900) nineteen hundred/ asra zetegn meto/ Aስራ፡ዘጠኝ፡መቶ 1925-nineteen twenty-five Aስራ፡ዘጠኝ፡መቶ፡ህያ፡Aምስት

Asra zetegn meto haya amest 1900-nineteen hundred Aስራ፡ዘጠኝ፡መቶ

Asra zetgn meto 2004-two thousand four ሁለትሺ፡Aራት

Hulet she arat 10. Read the following years in Amharic 2001, 1987, 1960, 1945, 2000, 1700, 1516 In Amharic the date is first, then the month, then the year. (dd/ mm/yyyy)

11. Listen as the speakers tell about their dates of birth. Follow along in the workbook.

1. When were you born? I was born on the 11th of June, 1936. መቼ፡ነው፡የተወለድከው? Eኔ፡የተወለድኩት፡በAስራ፡Aንድ፡የካቲት፡Aስራ፡ዘተኝ፡መቶ፡ስልሳ ስድስት፡ነው። Meche newu yetweledkewu? Ene yetweledkut be asra Aned yekatit asra zetegn Meto selasa sedest newu.

2. When were you born? I was born on the 31st of July, 1960. መቼ፡ነው፡የተወለድከው? Eኔ፡የተወለድኩት፡በሰላሳ፡Aንድ፡መጋቢት፡Aስራ፡ዘጠኝ፡መቶ፡ሰላሳ ነው Meche new yetweledkewu? ene yetweledkut bu selasa aned megabit asra zetegn meto selsa newu.

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3. When were you born? I was born on the 23rd of January, 1987. መቼ፡ነው፡የተወለድከው፡መቼ፡ነው፡የተወለድከው? Eኔ፡የተወለድኩት፡በሃያሶስት፡መስከረም Aስራ፡ዘጠኝ፡መቶ፡ሰማኒያ፡ሰባት፡ነው Meche newu yetweledshwu? ene yetweledkut be haya sost meskerem asra zetegn meto Semania sebat newu. 12. Work in pairs or in small groups. Ask your partner when he was born. Use the model below. Model: A. I was born on the 15th of February, 1982. When were you born? Eኔ፡የተወለድኩት፡በAስራ፡Aምስት፡ጥቅምት፡Aሳር፡ዘጠኝ፡መቶ፡ሰማኒያ፡ሁለት፡ነው።Aንቺ/ Aነት፡መቼ፡ነው፡የተወልደከው/የተወለድሽው። Ene yetweledkut be asra amest tikimt asra zetegn meto semania hulet newu. anchi(F) ante (M) meche newu yeteweledkewu(M) yeteweldshewu(F)? B. I was born on the 4th of September, 1979. Eኔ፡የተወለድኩት፡በAራት፡መስክመረም፡Aስራ፡ዘጠን፡መቶ፡ሰባ፡ዘጠኝ፡ነው Ene yetweledkut be arat meskerem asra zetgn meto seba zetegn newu 13. Look at the picture below and imagine that this is your family. Describe each member. Use the model below. You can use real pictures of your family. Model: This is my brother. His name is… He is …years old. He was born on the …of…, 19… Yehay yene wendem newu. yesu sem …newu. esu….ametu newu. esu yetewledew be….. 19……newu. የሄ፡የኔ፡ወንድም፡ነው፡ያሱ፡ሰም፡….ነው፡Eሱ፡……Aመቱ፡ነው።Eሱ፡የተወለደው፡በ…19…ነው

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14. Read and translate the following text into English. Answer the questions below. Check your work with the Answer Key. Seme Mesfin neo. Ene ke etiopia negn.ene yemenorew Addis Abeba newu. Telek baiteseb alegn. Mist, hulet legoch ena yene welagoch. Telek bait wost newu yemenenorewu. Yene mist selasa ametua newu. Yeteweledechew be 11/30/70 newu. Esua doctor nat hakim bait newu yemtserawu. Legoch temariwoch nachewu temhert bait yehaydalu. Yene sait lej be 26 mayazia 1992 newu yeteweledechewu .Yene wende lej sement ametu newu. Be 1 tikimt 1996 newu yeteweledewu yene enat argetalech seba sement ametua newu. Esua yeteweledechew be 22 hamle 1926 newu. Yene abta seba zetegn ametu newu. Yene abat yeteweledewu be haya amest nehase 1925 newo. Ensu ayserum, metshaf yanebalu television Yayalu woynem ke lejoch garr yechawetalu. Ene grum baitseb alegn. ስሜ፡መስፍን፡ነው።Eኔ፡Iትዮጲያዊ፡ነኝ።Eኔ፡የምኖረው፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ንው።ትልቅ፡ ቤተሰብ፡Aለኝ፡ሚስት፡ሁለት፡ልጆች፡Eና፡የኔ፡ወላጆች፡ትልቅ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ነው፡ይምንኖረው። የኔ፡ሚስት፡ሰላሳ፡Aመትዋ፡ነው።የተወለደችው፡በ 11/30/70 ነው።Eሷ፡ዶክተር፡ናት፡ሃኪም፡ ቤት፡ነው፡የምትሰራው።ልጆች፡ተማሪዎች፡ናቸው፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ይሄዳሉ። የኔ፡ሴት፡ልጅ፡በ 26 መያዚያ፡1992 ነው፡የተወለደችው።የኔ፡ስምንት፡Aመቱ፡ነው፡ በ 1 ትቅምት፡ 1992 ነው፡የተወለደችው።የኔ፡ልጅ፡ስምንት፡Aመቱዋ፡ነው፡Eሷ፡የተወ ለደችው፡በ 1 ጥቅምት፡ 1996 ነው፡የተወለደችው።የኔ፡Aያት፡Aርጅታለች፡ሰባ፡Aመትዋ ነው።Eሷ፡የተወለደችው፡በሃምሌ፡22 1926 ነው።የኔ፡Aባት፡ሰባ፡ዘጠኝ፡Aመቱ፡ነው፡የኔ፡ Aባት፡የተወለደው፡በ 25 ነሃሴ፡ 1925 ነው።Eነሱ፡Aይሰሩም፡መፀሃፍ፡ያነባሉ፡ተሌቭዝን፡ ያያሉ፡ወይንም፡ከልጆች፡ጋር፡ይጭወጫሉ።Eኔ፡ግሩም፡ቤተሰብ፡Aለኝ።

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1.ቤተ፡ሰብ፡የት፡ነው፡የሚኖሩት? 1. YeMesfin baitseb yet newu yeminorut? 2.ሚስቱ፡ስንት፡Aመቱዋ፡ነው? 2 .mistu cent ametua newu? 3.መቼ፡ነው፡የተወለደችው? 3 Mech newu yeteweledechewu? 4.ስራዋ፡ምንድን፡ነው? 4. Serawa menden newu? 5.የት፡ነው፡የምትሰራው? 5. yet newu yemetserawu? 6.መስፍን፡ስንት፡ልጆች፡Aሉት? 6. Mesfin cent lejoch alut? 7.ወንድ፡ልጁ፡ስንት፡Aመቱ፡ነው? 7. wend leju cent ametu newu?meche newu yeteweledew? 8.ሴት፡ልጁ፡ስንት፡Aመቷ፡ነው? 8. Sait leju cent ametua newu? 9.መቼ፡ነው፡የተወለደችው? 9. meche newu yeteweledchewu? 10.የሴት፡Aያት፡ስንት፡Aመታቸው፡ነው? 10. yesait ayat cent ametachew newu? 11.መቼ፡ነው፡የተወለዱት? 11. mech newu yeteweldut? 12.የወንድ፡Aያት፡ስንት፡Aመታቸው፡ነው? 12. yewend ayat cent ametachew newu? 13.መቼ፡ነው፡የተወለዱት? 13. meche newu yeteweledut? 14.Aያቶች፡ምን፡ይሰራሉ? 14. ayatoch menn yeseralu?

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Cultural note: Ethiopians usually do not celebrate their birthdays. Dates of birth are registered only in some urban areas, and many Ethiopians don't ask what day of the year they were born. However, in the capital, more and more people are celebrating their birthdays in Western style and receiving gifts. Weddings and funerals are very big and attended by several hundreds of people. It is not considered impolite to drop by someone’s house without notice, but in the capital, more and more people call and make arrangements before visiting someone. When visiting someone as a guest, it’s usually polite to bring something, but never to ask your guest to pick up something.

15. Listen to the following conversation between two people. Repeat after the speakers. Follow along in the workbook. A. ሰላም፡ደበበ፡በመስከረም፡12 ሁለት፡ሺህ፡Aምስት፡የኔ፡ሰርግ፡ነው፡Aንተና፡ቤተ፡ሰብህ፡ ተጋብዛችሁዋል። A. Selam Debebe. Be meskerem 12 hulet she amest yene serge newu Ante ena baitseb tegabzachehal. B. Aመሰግናለሁ፡ደበበ።ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው? B. amesegnaleu Debede. Cent seait? A. Aምስት፡ወይንም፡Aምስት፡ተኩል፡ነው A. amest woynem amest tekul. B. Aዳራሽ፡የት፡ነው? B. adrash yet newu? A. ከመርካቶ፡ሆቴል፡ፊትለፊት፡ነው A. ke merkato hotel fitlefit newu. B. በምን፡ልምጣ? B. be menn lemta? A. በመኪና፡ወይንም፡በትክሲ A. be mekina woynem be taxi B. ምን፡ላምጣ? B. menn lamta ? A. ምንም፡Eግዜር፡ይስጥልኝ A. menem egzair yestelegn..

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B. Eግዜር፡ይስጥልኝ:ስለ፡ግብዣው B. egzair yestelegn sele gebzaw 16. Work with a partner. Invite him/her to your house to celebrate a holiday. Give him/her directions on how to get to your house. Use the dialogue above as a model.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Tell in Amharic the date when:

- you were born; - you graduated from high school;

- you got married; - your child was born; - you enrolled in the service.

2. Give the names of Ethiopian holidays and tell when they are celebrated (in Amharic). 3. Invite your roommate to a Christmas party and give him/her directions on how to get there.

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Vocabulary List The first Anedna Aንደኛ The second Huletna ሁለተኛ The third Sostna ሶስተኛ The fourth Aratena Aራተኛ The fifth Amestna Aምስተኛ The sixth Sedetna ስድስተኛ The seventh Sebatna ሰባተኛ The eighth Sementna ስምንተኛ The ninth Zetenena ዘጠነኛ The tenth Aserna Aስረኛ The eleventh Asra anedna AስራAንደኛ The twelfth Asra huletna Aስራሁለተኛ The thirteenth Asra sostna Aስራሶስተኛ The fourteenth Asra aratna AስራAራተኛ The fifteenth Asra amestna AስራAምስተኛ The sixteenth Asra sedestna Aስራስድስተኛ The seventeenth Asra sebatna Aስራሰባተኛ The eighteenth Asra sementna Aስራስምንተኛ The nineteenth Asra zetenenaa Aስራዘጠነኛ The twentieth Hayana ሃያኛ The twenty-first Haya anedna ሃያAንደኛ The twenty-second Haya huletna ሃያሁለተኛ The twenty-third Haya sostena ሃያሶስተኛ The twenty-fourth Haya aratnya ሃያAራተኛ The twenty-fifth Haya amestna ሃያAምስተኛ The twenty-sixth Haya sedestna ሃያስድስተኛ The twenty-seventh Haya sebatena ሃያሰባተኛ The twenty-eighth Haya sementena ሃያስምንተኛ The twenty-ninth Haya zetenena ሃያዘጠነኛ January meskerem መስከረም February Tikimit ጥቅምት March Hidar ህዳር April Tahesas ታህሳስ May Tir ጥር June Yekatit የካቲት July Megabit መጋቢት August Mayazia መያዚያ September Gnbot ግንቦት October Sene ሰኔ November Hamele ሃምሌ

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December Nehase ነሃሴ Was born Yeteweledewu የተወለደው To invite Megabez መጋበዝ Invitation Gebezya ግብዥ Address Adrasha Aድራሻ Drive Mendat መንዳት Turn right/left Wede keney/gerra ወደ፡ቀኝ/ግራ Come over Nu ወደ፡Eዚኑ To visit Megobengnt መጎብኘት Birthday Ledit ልደት Birthday party Ledit beal ልደት፡በAል Wedding Serge ሰርግ Funeral Keber ቀብር To bring Mamtat ማምጣት I want to invite you … Ene legabz Eኔ፡ልጋብዝ

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Answer Key 2. 1. segno yesamentu__anedenya_____ ken neo. 1.ሰኞ፡የሳምንቱ፡Aራተኛ፡ቀን፡ነው 2. maksegno yesamentu__huletenya______ ken neo. 2.ማክሰኞ፡የሳምንቱ፡ሁለተኛ፡ቀን፡ነው 3. erob yesamentu _sostenay________ ken neo. 3.Eሮብ፡የሳምንቱ፡ሶስተኛ፡ቀን፡ነው 4. hamus yesamentu__aratenay_______ken neo. 4.ሃሙስ፡የሳምንቱ፡Aራተኛ፡ቀን፡ነው 5. arb yesamentu amestenya________ ken neo. 5.Aርብ፡የሳምንቱ፡Aምስተኛ፡ቀን፡ነው 6. kedame yeamnetu ___sedestenya___ ken neo. 6.ቅዳሜ፡የሳምንቱ፡ሰድስተኛ፡ቀን፡ነው 7. ehud yesamentu __sebatenya____ken neo. Eሁድ፡የሳምንቱ፡ሰባተኛ፡ ቀን፡ነው 1. Monday is the first day of the week. 2. Tuesday is the second day of the week. 3. Wednesday is the third day of the week. 4. Thursday is the fourth day of the week. 5. Friday is the fifth day of the week. 6. Saturday is the sixth day of the week. 7. Sunday is the seventh day of the week. 14. Compare your answers with the translation. Did your understand the questions? 1. Where does the family live? 2. How old is the wife? 3. When was she born? 4. What is her occupation? 5. Where does she work? 6. How many children do they have? 7. How old is the son? When was he born? 8. How old is the daughter? 9. When was she born? 10. How old is the grandmother? 11. When was she born? 12. How old is the grandfather? 13. When was he born? 14. What do the grandparents do? My name is Mesfin. I am from Ethiopia. I live in Addis Ababa. I have a big family. I live with my wife, two children and my parents. We live in a big house. My wife is 30 years

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old. She was born on 11/30/70. She is a doctor and works in a hospital. My children are students they go to school. My daughter was born on 26 April 1992. My son is eight years old. He was born on February 1 1996. My mother is old she is seventy eight years old. She was born on 22 June 1926. My father is seventy nine years old he was born on 25 July 1925. They do not work; they read books, watch television and play with the children. I have a wonderful family. 1. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2. 30 3. November 23, 1970 4. Doctor 5. Hospital 6. 2 7. 8 years old, February 1, 1996 8. 12 years old 9. April 26, 1992 10. 78 11. June 22, 1926 12. 79 13. July 25, 1925 14. Read books, watch television, and play with the grandchildren

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Lesson 10 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 Bait wost ቤት፡ውስጥ

Around the House

This lesson will introduce you to: - Basic vocabulary related to the home (types of rooms, furniture, etc.) Most modern homes in Ethiopia have furniture and room settings similar to those in the West. However, in rural homes and even in cities, one can find authentic articles for the home (wood carved chairs and tables, hand-woven baskets for storage, animal hides for carpets and pottery for water, pots and pans).

The picture above shows a mesob, which is a woven basket table used for traditional lunch and dinner. The food is served on a large round tray. The top is removed when the tray arrives and it is kept on the side. The chairs and side tables are hand-carved wood and the chair cover is made of cowhide. The painting is also made on cowhide.

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1. Listen to the vocabulary below and repeat after the speaker. Bathroom Metatebia bait መታጠቢያ፡ቤት Bedroom Megneta bait መኝታ፡ቤት Dining room Megeb bait ምግብ፡ቤት Door Berr በር Floor Merate መሬት Window Meskot መስኮት Garage Garage ጋራዥ Roof Tarra ጣራ Antenna Antennae Aንቴና Office Office (biro) ኣፊስ/ቢሮ Basement Meder bait ምድር፡ቤት Yard Gebi ግቢ Kitchen Cuchina (wet bait) ኩቺና/ወጥ፡ቤት Living room Salon ሳሎን One-story Aned fok Aንድ፡ፎቅ Two-story Hulet fok ሁለት፡ፎቅ First floor Anedegna fok Aንደኛ፡ፎቅ Second floor Huletegna fok ሁለተኛ፡ፎቅ

2. Match the Amharic words in the left column with their English equivalents in the right column. Check the answer key. 1. metaebia bait መታጠቢያ፡ቤት A. Basement 2. megneta bait መኝታ፡ቤት B. Yard 3. megeb bait ምግብ፡ቤት C. Garage 4. berr በር D. Living room 5. merate መሬት E. Bathroom 6. meskot መስኮት F. Kitchen 7. Garage ጋራዥ G. Bedroom 8. salon ሳሎን H. Door 9. Office Oፊስ I. Dining room 10. meder bait ምድር፡ቤት J. Floor 11. gebi/ ግቢ K. Office 12. wet bait(cuchina) ወጥ፡ቤት/ኩቺና L. Window

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3. Complete the following sentences by filling in the blanks from the list of words written in the box below. Check your work with the answer key. garage megneta bait antennae gebi wet bait salon ena megeb bait ጋራዥ መኝታ፡ቤት Aንቴና ግቢ ወጥ፡ቤት ሳሎን፡Eና፡ምግ፡ቤት 1. ጣራ፡ላይ _______________ Aለ።. 1. tarra lie _______________ ale. 2. Oፊስ፡Eና፡መታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡መካከለኛ __________________ Aለ። 2. office ena metatebia bait mekakel __________________ ale. 3. ቤት፡ፊት፡ለፊት _________________ Aለ 3. bait fitlefit _________________ ale 4. ወጥ፡ቤት__________________________መካከል፡ነው 4. wet bait __________________________mekakel neo. 4. Draw a plan of your house and tell your partner in Amharic the types of rooms you have and where they are located. Work in pairs or in small groups. 5. Match the following questions with the correct answers. Check your work with the answer key. A Metatebia bait yet newu? 1. Oewo tenish garage alen ምታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡የት፡ነው? Aዎ፡ትንሽ፡ጋራዥ፡Aለን B. Wet bait yet newu? 2. Megnta bait salon ategeb newu ወጥ፡ቤት፡የት፡ነው? መኝታ፡ቤት፡ሳሎን፡Aጠገብ፡ነው C. Megnta bait yet newu? 3. Auo telek meder bait alen መኝታ፡ቤት፡የት፡ነው? Aዎ፡ትልቅ፡ምድር፡ቤት፡Aለን D. Enante megeb bait alachewu? 4. Auo egna sost megnta bait alen Eናንተ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡Aላችሁ? Aዎ፡Eኛ፡ሶስት፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡Aለን E. Enanta garage alachewu? 5. Wet bait anedegna fok newu. Eናንተ፡ጋራዥ፡Aላችሁ? ወጥ፡ቤት፡Aንደኛ፡ፎቅ፡ነው F. Enante cent megnta bait alachew? 6. Metatebia bait megnta bait ategeb newu. Eናንተ፡ጋራዥ፡Aላችሁ? መታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡Aጠገብ፡ነው G. Enante meder bait alachewu?

Eናንተ፡ምደር፡ቤት፡Aላችሁ? 7. I egna megeb bait yelenem

Aይ፡Eኛ፡መግብ፡ቤት፡የለንም

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6. Pretend that you want to buy a house. Your classmate is a real estate agent. Make up a dialogue using the model below. Work in pairs or in small groups. In Amharic, “cent” means how many and how much. How many beds do you have? –cent alga aleh? How much sugar do you want? –cent sekuar? Or: cent mankia sekuar? How many teaspoons of sugar? Model: A. Eኔ፡ግራውንድ፡ፕላስ፡ዋን፡መግዛት፡ፈል ሁ ene ground plus one megzat efelegalewu. B. ገበያው፡Aጠገብ፡ጥሩ፡ትንሽ፡ቤት፡Aለ gebeyaw ategeb teru tenish bait ale. A. ስንት፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡Aለው? cent megnta bait alewu? B. Aንድ፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡Aለው aned megnta bait alewu. A. ስንት፡መታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡Aለው? cent metatebia bait alewu? B. ግሩም፡ትልቅ፡መታጠቢያ፡Aለው gerume telek metatebia bait alewu. A. ወጥ፡ቤት፡Aለው? wet bait alewu? B. Aዎ፡Aለው Oewo alewu.

7. Familiarize yourself with these terms for furniture and furnishings. Listen and repeat after the speaker.

genda or bagno alga metsehaf mederderia wenber kum saten ገንዳ/ባኞ Aልጋ መፀሃፍ፡መደርደሪያ ወንበር ቁም፡ሳጥን

terebaiza frige mesabia yeterbaiza mebrat microwave ጠረቤዛ ፍርጅ መሳቢያ የጠረቤዛ፡መብራት ምይክሮዌቭ

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radio mentaf yeka matebia sofa yelectric medega ራዲዮ ምንጣፍ የቃ፡ማጠቢያ ሶፋ የኤሌትሪክ፡ምድጃ

silk television toaster shint bait ስልክ ቴሌቭዥን ቶስተር ሽንት፡ቤት 8. Below is a chart with rooms you would find in a typical home. Under each room, list the furniture and furnishings (from the list above) that you would expect to find there. Some items will be used more than once.

Wet bait Megeb bait salon Megneta bait Metatebia bait

9. Using the chart above, ask each other questions about the furniture in your rooms. 1.anet (M) anchi(F) wet bait menne aleh(M) alesh(F)? - ene wet bait wost yelectric medega ale. Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ወጥ፡ቤት፡ምን፡Aለህ/Aለሽ? Eኔ፡ወጥ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡የኤሌትሪክ፡ምድጃ፡Aለ 2. ante (M ) anchi (F) megeb bait menne aleh(M) alesh(F)? – ene megeb bait wost terebaiza ale Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ምን፡Aለህ/Aለሽ? Eኔ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ጠረቤዛ፡Aለ

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10. Listen and read along as a speaker talks about his home, and then answer questions about the passage. የኔ፡ስም፡ሃጎስ፡ሃይለ፡ማሪያም፡ነው።Eኔ፡ከሚስት፡Eና፡ከሁለት፡ልጆቼ፡ጋር፡መቀሌ፡ነው፡የምኖረው፡ የኛ፡ቤት፡ሁለት፡ፎቅ፡Aለው።የኔ፡Aባት፡ከኔ፡ጋር፡ነው፡የሚኖረው።የኛ፡ቤት፡ሶስት፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡ Aለው።Aንድ፡ለEኔ፡Eና፡ለሚስቴ፡Aንድ፡ለሁለት፡ወንድ፡ልጆቼ፡Eና፡Aንድ፡ለEኔ፡Aባት። ሁለት፡መንታ፡ቤት፡ሁለተኛ፡ፎቅ፡ልይ፡ነው፡Eና፡Aንድ፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡Aንደኛ፡ፍቅ፡ላይ፡ነው። Eኛ፡ሁለት፡መታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡Aለን፡Eኛ፡ሰፊ፡ወጥ፡ቤት፡ከኤሌትሪክ፡ምድጃ፡የEቃ፡ማጠቢያ፡ Eና፡ፍርጅ፡Aለን።ቤት፡ውስጥ፡ትልቅ፡ጠረቤዛ፡ምግብ፡የምንበላበት፡Aለ።Eኛ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ የለንም።ሳሎን፡ውስጥ፡ሶፋ፡ጠረቤዛ፡ሁለት፡ወንበር፡Eና፡ትንሽ፡ቴሌቭዝን፡Aለ።ማታ፡ከራት፡ በሁዋላ፡የነ፡ቤተሰብ፡Eና፡Eኔ፡ቴሌቭዥን፡Eናያለን። Yene sem Hagos Haile mariam newu. Ene ke mist ena ke hulet legoch garr Mekele newu yeminorewu. Yegna bait hulet fok alewu. Yene abat ke egna garr newu yeminorew. Yegna bait sost megneta bait alewu: aned le ene ena le mist , aned le hulet wend lejoch, ena aned le ene abat. Hulet megnta bait huletegna fok lie newu, ena aned megnta bait anedgna fok lie newu. engan hulet metatebia bait alen. Engna sefi wet bait ke yelectric medega , yeka matebia ena frige alen. Wet bait wost telek terebaiza megeb yemenbelabet ale. Engna Megeb bait yelenem . salon wost sofa ,terebaiza ,hulet wenber ena tenish television ale. Mata ke rat behula yene baiteseb ena ene television enayalen. A. Where does the family live? B. How many people live in the house? C. Is the house one-story or two-story? D. How many bedrooms are there, and who sleeps in which bedroom? E. How many bedrooms are on the first floor? F. How many bathrooms are there in the house? G. Where do they eat their meals? H. What does the family do in the evening after dinner?

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the speaker and circle the terms that you hear. Check your work with the answer key.

1. bedroom bathroom living room 2. lamp oven stove 3. toilet bathtub sink 4. sofa chair bed 5. carpet floor window 6. chair dresser radio 7. first floor second floor one-story 8. garage basement roof

2. You have a guest in your home. Give him/her answers, in Amharic, to the following questions. መታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡የት፡ነው? Metatebia bait yet newu? ወጥ፡ቤት፡የት፡ነው? Wet bait yet newu? ስንት፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡Aላችሁ? Cent megnta bait alachewu? ስልክ፡የት፡ነው? Silk yet newu? ቴሌቭዥን፡የት፡ነው? Television miet echelalewu? ራት፡መቼ፡ትበላለህ? Rat meche tebelalh? መቼ፡ትነሳለህ? Meche tenesaleh teuat? ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው፡ስራ፡የምትሄደው? Cent siat newu sera yemetehaydewu?

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Vocabulary List Basement Meder bait ምድር፡ቤት Bathroom Metatebiya bait መታጠቢያ፡ቤት Bathtub Bagno ኝኞ Bed Alega Aልጋ Bedroom Megneta bait መኝታ፡ቤት Bookcase Metsehaf mederderia መፀሃፍ፡መደርደሪያ Chair Wenber ወንበር Closet Kume saten ቁም፡ሳጥን Table Terbaiza ጠረቤዛ Dining room Megeb bait ምግብ፡ቤት Door Berr በር Dresser Mesabia መሳቢያ Floor Merate መሬት Garage Garage ጋራዥ Kitchen Cuchina (wet bait) ኩቺና Lamp Yeterbaiza mebrat የጠረቤዛ፡መብራት Living room Salon ሳሎን Microwave oven Mirowave ማይክሮዌቭ One-story Aned fok(ground plus one) Aንድፎቅ/ግራውንድፕላስዋን Oven Electric medega(yegas

medega) የኤሌትሪክ፡ምድጃ/የጋዝ፡ምድጃ

Radio Radio ራዲዮ Carpet Mentaf ምንጣፍ Second floor Huletegna fok ሁለተኛ፡ፎቅ Sink Yeka matebia የቃ፡ማጠቢያ Sofa/couch Sofa ሶፋ Stove Electiric megeg ኤሌትሪክ፡ምድጃ Television Television ቴሌቭዥን Toaster Toaster ቶስተር Toilet Shint bait ሽንት፡ቤት Two-story Huletegna fok ሁለተኛ፡ፎቅ Window Meskot መስኮት

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Answer Key 2. 1. E 2. G 3. I 4. H 5. J 6. L 7. C 8. D 9. K 10. A 11. B 12. F 3. 1. ጣራ፡ላይ _____Aንቴና__________ Aለ።. 1. tarra lie ______antenna_________ ale. 2. Oፊስ፡Eና፡መታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡መካከለኛ _መኝታ፡ቤት፡__ Aለ። 2. office ena metatebia bait mekakel ____megnta bait___ ale. 3. ቤት፡ፊት፡ለፊት ____ጋራዥ_____________ Aለ 3. bait fitlefit _garage__________ ale 4. ወጥ፡ቤት__ሳሎን፡Eና፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡__መካከል፡ነው 4. wet bait __salon ena _megeb bait_______mekakel neo. 1. There is a/an __antenna_on the roof. 2. There is a _bedroom__between the office and the bathroom. 3. There is a __garage___ in front of the house. 4. There is a kitchen between _the living room and dining room____. 5. A=6 B=5 C=2 D=7 E=1 F=4 G=3 A Where is the bathroom? 1. Yes, we have a small garage. Metatebia bait yet neo? Auo tenish garage alen ምታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡የት፡ነው? Aዎ፡ትንሽ፡ጋራዥ፡Aለን B. Where is the kitchen? 2. The bedroom is next to the living room. Wet bait yet neo? Megnta bait salon ategeb neo ወጥ፡ቤት፡የት፡ነው? መኝታ፡ቤት፡ሳሎን፡Aጠገብ፡ነው C. Where is the bedroom? 3. Yes, we have a big basement.

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Megnta bait yet neo? Auo telek meder bait alen መኝታ፡ቤት፡የት፡ነው? Aዎ፡ትልቅ፡ምድር፡ቤት፡Aለን D. Do you have a dining room? 4. We have three bedrooms. Enante megeb bait alachew? Auo egna sost megnta bait alen Eናንተ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡Aላችሁ? Aዎ፡Eኛ፡ሶስት፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡Aለን E. Do you have a garage? 5. The kitchen is on the first floor. Enanta garage alachew? Wet bait anedegna fok neo. Eናንተ፡ጋራዥ፡Aላችሁ? ወጥ፡ቤት፡Aንደኛ፡ፎቅ፡ነው F. How many bedrooms do you have? 6. The bathroom is next to the bedroom. Enante cent megnta bait alachew? Metatebia bait megnta bait ategeb neo. Eናንተ፡ጋራዥ፡Aላችሁ? መታጠቢያ፡ቤት፡መኝታ፡ቤት፡Aጠገብ፡ነው G. Do you have a basement? 7. No, we don’t have a dining room. Enante meder bait alachew? Eናንተ፡ምደር፡ቤት፡Aላችሁ?

I egna megeb bait yelenem Aይ፡Eኛ፡መግብ፡ቤት፡የለንም

10. My name is Hagos Haile Mariam. I live with my wife and two children in Mekele. We have a small two-story house. My father lives with us. The house has 3 bedrooms: one for my wife and I, one for our two sons, and one for my father. Two bedrooms are on the second floor, and one bedroom is on the first floor. We have two bathrooms. We have a large kitchen with a stove, oven, sink and refrigerator. In the kitchen there is a large table where we eat. We do not have a dining room. Our living room has a sofa, a table, two chairs, and a small television. In the evening after dinner, my family and I watch TV. A.Where does the family live? Mekele. B. How many people live in the house?Five. C. Is the house one story or two story? Two-story. D. How many bedrooms are there? Three. E. How many bedrooms are on the first floor? Who sleeps there? One, husband and wife. F. How many bathrooms are there in the house? Two. G. Where do they eat their meals? In the kitchen. H. What does the family do in the evening after dinner? Watch television. End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. 1. bathroom Metatebia biat መታጠቢያ፡ቤት 2. lamp Yeterebaiza mebrat የጠረቤዛ፡መብራት 3. sink Yeka matebia የቃ፡ማጠቢያ 4. bed Alga Aልጋ 5. window Meskot መስኮት 6. radio Radio ራዲዮ 7. first floor Enegegna fok Aንደኛ፡ፎቅ 8. roof tarra ጣራ

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Lesson 11 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 የAየር፡ሁኔታ፡Eና፡ወቅት

ye ayer huneta ena weket Weather and Seasons This lesson will introduce you to: - Vocabulary related to weather, seasons, and climate - How to ask for and give temperatures - How to understand the weather report - How to discuss the weather and climate in Amharic.

1. Listen to the weather terms as they are read aloud. Repeat the weather terms after the speaker.

Rain/zenab Sun/sehigh Wind/nefas ዝናብ

ፀሀይ

ነፋስ

Snow/burredo Fog/chegag Clouds/gumme

በረዶ ጭጋግ ጉም

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2. Match the pictures with the correct weather term. Review the terms if you need help.

Nefas ነፋስ Sehigh ፀሃይ Zenab ዝናብ Buredo በረዶ

3. What do you hear? Circle the terms you hear spoken by the native speaker. Check the answer key. 1. rain sun fog snow clouds wind 2. rain sun fog snow clouds wind 3. rain sun fog snow clouds wind

4. Familiarize yourself with the following terms related to the weather. Pause the recording as many times as you need to. Repeat after the speaker. Temperature temperature ቴምፕሪቸር Fahrenheit/Celsius Fahrenheit/Celsius ፌረንሀይት/ሴልሲየስ Weather ayear Aየር Weather forecast ye ayear tembia የAየር፡ጣቢያ Weather report ye ayear zegeba የAየር፡ዘገባ Clear nesuhe semi ንፁህ፡ሰማይ Overcast demena ደመና Windy nefas ንፋስ Cold kezkaza (berd)* ቀዝቃዛ Low temperature zeketegna tempreture ዝቅተኛ፡ቴምፕሬቸር Freezing werch ውርጭ Warm muket ሙቀት High temperature kefetegna temperature ከፍተኛ፡ቴምፕሬቸር Hot katelo ቃጠሎ Dry derek ደረቅ Sunny sehigh ፀሀይ Rainy zenab ዝናብ

*Ethiopia has only two seasons: rainy (kiremt) and warm (begga). The four season terms do not exist.

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The difference between kezkaza and berd: kezkaza – mostly freezing; berd – mostly cold or cool. It is a saying that Ethiopia has 13 months of sunshine. It is very pleasant all year round, with temperatures in Addis Ababa averaging around 20 degrees Celsius or 68 degrees Fahrenheit no matter what season it is. The rainy season (kiremt) is from mid-June to mid-September. There is also a bit of light rain in March and April. The warm season is called begga with an average temperature of 60 degrees F. Although Ethiopia is relatively close to the equator, the central plateau has a temperate climate and only in the east towards Red Sea, and in the west, near Sudan, does it get very hot. There are three ways of distinguishing the climate in Ethiopia: dega, the cold areas like the highlands which can be freezing, wayen adega is warm and cool areas, and kola is the very hot areas. The seasons are all the same in all the three areas of the country. Also, because the weather is always pleasant and predictable with only two seasons, most people do not discuss the weather unless it is unusually hot or cold, or the rainy season is late or early. The rainy season is very important since that is the time of harvest in Ethiopia.

5. Listen to the questions and responses about the weather. Repeat them after the speaker. - How is the weather in December?

Ayearu indate newu be tahsas? Aየሩ፡Eንዴት፡ነው፡በታህሳስ?

- It’s cold and snowy. Kezkaza ena buredo newu ቀዝቃዛ፡Eና፡በረዶ፡ነው - How is the weather in April? Ayearu indate newu be

miazia? Aየሩ፡Eንዴት፡ነው፡በሚያዚያ?

- It’s warm and clear. Muket ena nesuhe semy newu. ሙቀት፡Eና፡ንጹህ፡ሰማይ፡ነው - How is the weather in July? Ayearu indate newu be hamle? Aየሩ፡Eንዴት፡ነው፡በሃምሌ? - It’s sunny and hot. Sehigh ena muket newu. ፀሃይ፡Eና፡ሙቀት፡ነው - How is the weather in October?

Ayearu indate newu be tekimt? Aየሩ፡Eንዴት፡ነው፡በጥቅምት?

- It’s windy and rainy. Nefas ena zenab newu ነፋስ፡Eና፡ዝናብ፡ነው 6. Read the following short dialogues on weather and match each one to a picture below. 1- zare ayearu indate newu? - damena ena zenab newu.

2- temperature cent newu? 22 degrees Celsius neu! betam muket ena nesuhe semi newu.

ዛሬ፡Aየሩ፡Eንዴት፡ነው? ደመና፡Eና፡ዝናብ፡ነው

ቴምፕሬችሩ፡ስንት፡ነው? 22 ዲግሪ፡ሴልሲየስ፡ነው!በጣም፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ንጹህ፡ፀሀይ፡ነው

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3- eza ayearu indate newu? - buredo ena werch newu.

4- sehigh newu? - i, chegag ena kezkaza newu.

Eዛ፡Aየሩ፡Eንዴት፡ነው? በረዶ፡Eና፡ውርጭ፡ነው

ፀሀይ፡ነው? Aይ፡ጭጋግ፡Eና፡ቀዝቃዛ፡ነው

A #____________ B #_______________

C #_____________ D #_____________ 7. Translate the dialogues below into Amharic. Check your work with the answer key. 1. How is the weather in May? It’s sunny. 2. How is the weather in June? It’s rainy. 3. How is the weather? It’s very hot. 4. How is the weather? It’s cold. 5. How is the weather? It’s clear.

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8. Work with a partner. Put the given words into correct order so that you can ask a question and give an answer about the weather in different places. Check your work with the answer key. Model: bu/ Boston/ale/ tahsase/ zenab/buredo በ/ቦስተን/Aለ/ታህሳስ/ዝናብ/በረዶ Student 1: Boston be tahsase zenab ale? ቦስተን፡በታህሳስ፡ዝናብ፡Aለ? Student 2: I , boston be tahsase buredo yelem Aይ፡ቦስተን፡በታህሳስ፡በረዶ፡የለም 1) Seattle/ muket/ bu/ ale/ sehigh/ hamle/auo/ale ሲያትልም/ሙቀት/በ/Aለ/ፀሃይ/ሃምሌ/Aዎ/Aለ 2) Addis Abeba/ale/bu/nefas/ena/hidar/berds/ I / ale /sehigh/ale Aዲስ፡Aበባ/Aለ/በ/ነፋስ/Eና/ህዳር/በርድ/Aይ/Aለ/ፀሃይ/Aለ 3) megbit/ bu/ muket/ ale/ auo/ / ale/ Portland መጋቢት/በ/ሙቀት/Aለ/Aዎ/Aለ/ፖርትላንድ

9. Listen to the speaker. Mark the statement that you hear.

1. A. Aየሩ፡በመስከረም፡ ፀሃይ፡ነው ayearu bu meskerm sehigh newu .

B. Aየሩ፡በመስከረም፡ዝናብ፡Eና፡ሙቀት፡ነው ayeauru bu meskerm zenab ena muket newu

C. Aየሩ፡በመስከረም፡ጭጋግ፡Eና፡ብርድ፡ነው ayearu bu meskerm chegage ena berd newu.

2. A. ዛሬ፡ቴምፕሬቸሩ፡ምንድን፡ነው? 22 ዲግሪ፡ሴልሲየስ፡ነው zare emperature menden newu? 22 degrees Celsius newu.

B. ዛሬ፡ቴምፕሬቸሩ፡ምንድን፡ነው? 22 ዲግሪስ፡ፌረን፡ሃይት፡ነው zare emperature meneden newu? 22 degrees Fahrenheit newu. C. ዛሬ፡ቴምፕሬቸሩ፡ምንድን፡ነው? 22 ዲግሪስ፡ነው zare temperaturu menden newu? 22 degrees newu.

3. A. በጋ፡ቀዝቃሃ፡ነው?Aይ፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ፀሃይ፡ነው begga kezkaza newu? I muket ena sehigh newu.

B. በጋ፡ዝናብ፡Aለ?Aይ፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ፀሃይ፡ነው begga zenab ale? I muket ena sehigh newu.

C. በጋ፡ነፋስ፡Aለ?Aይ፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ፀሃይ፡ነው begga nefas ale? I muket ena sehigh newu.

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4. A. የነገ፡የAየር፡ተምቢይ፡ምንድን፡ነው? ደመና፡Eና፡ብርድ፡ነው ye negge ayear tembia menden newu? Demean ena berd newu.

B. የነገ፡የAየር፡ተምቢያ፡ምንድን፡ነው? ደመና፡Eና፡ብርድ፡ነው ye nege ayear tembia menden newu? Demean ena berd newu. C. የነገ፡Aየር፡ሁኔታ፡ምንድን፡ነው? ፀሃይ፡Eና፡ብርድ፡ነው

ye negge ayear huneta menden newu? Sehigh ena berd newu.

5. A. በጋ፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ዝናብ፡ነው? ክረምት፡ቀዝቃዛ፡Eና፡በረዶ፡ነው begga muket ena zenab newu. Kiremt kezkaza ena buredo newu.

B. በጋ፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ደረቅ፡ነው? ክረምት፡ቀዝቃዛ፡Eና፡በረዶ፡ነው begga muket ena derek newu. Kiremt kezkaza ena buredo newu. C. በጋ፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ፀሃይ፡ነው? ክረምት፡ቀዝቃዛ፡Eና፡በረዶ፡ነው begga muket ena sehigh newu. Kiremt kezkaza ena beredo newu.

10. Familiarize yourself with the following terms related to weather and natural disasters.

Lightning Thunderstorm Tornado mebrek negodguad aulo nefas መብረቅ ነጎድጉዋድ Aውሎ፡ነፋስ

Hurricane Flood maebel gorf መAበል ጎርፍ

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11. What do you hear? Circle the term you hear spoken by the native speaker. Check the answer key. 1. flood lightning tornado hurricane thunderstorm 2. flood lightning tornado hurricane thunderstorm 3. flood lightning tornado hurricane thunderstorm negodguad aulo nefas mebrek ነጎድጉዋድ Aውሎ፡ነፋስ መብረቅ meabel gorf መAበል ጎርፍ 12. Answer the questions. Check your work with the answer key.

- negodguad newu? Gorf newu? Maebel newu? ነጎድጉዋድ፡ነው? ጎርፍ፡ነው? መAበል፡ነው? I mebrek newu I aulo nefas newu I negodguad newu Aይ፡መብረቅ፡ነው Aይ፡Aውሎ፡ንፋስ፡ነው Aይ፡ነጎድጉዋድ፡ነው

Aulo nefas newu? Mebrek newu? Aውሎ፡ንፋስ፡ነው? መብረቅ፡ነው?

I gorf newu. I maebel newu. Aይ፡ጎርፍ፡ነው Aይ፡መAበል፡ነው

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the following weather report for different cities in Amharic. In English, fill in the chart below with the weather and temperature for each city. Pause or replay the audio if needed. Check your work with the answer key. Play Weather Report

City Weather Temperature 1. 2. 3. 4.

2. Listen to another weather report and answer the questions below. Check your work with the answer key.

Tena yestelegn endemen ameshachew, yehay ye ayear zegeba ke axum le sene asra hulet she arat neo. zare sehigh bu kefetegna 26 degrees Celsius bu ken ena zenab Bu mata zeketagna 18 degrees Celsius neo.

ጤና፡ይስጥልኝ፡Eንደምን፡Aመሻችሁ።ይሄ፡የAየር፡ዘገባ፡ከAክሱም፡ለሰኔ፡Aስራ፡ሁለት፡ ሺህ፡Aራት፡ነው።ዛሬ፡ፀሃይ፡በከፍተኛ፡26 ዲግሪ፡ሴልሲየስ፡ቡቀን፡Eና፡ዝናብ፡በማታ፡ ዝቅተኛ፡18 ዲግሪ፡ሴልሲየስ፡ነው።

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For what city is this weather report? For what date is this weather report? What will be the high and low temperatures for the day? Is rain expected? Is wind mentioned? 3. Working in pairs or small groups, describe the pictures. Using the vocabulary you’ve learned in this lesson, compose a story to match the pictures. Include the season of the year, the name of the month, the type of weather it seems to be, etc.

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Vocabulary List Weather year Aየር Weather forecast ye ayear tembia የAየር፡ጣቢያ Weather report Ye ayear zegeba የAየር፡ዘገባ Rain Zenab ዝናብ Sun Sehigh ፀሃይ Wind Nefas ንፋስ Snow Buredo በረዶ Fog Chegage ጭጋግ Lightning mebrek መብረቅ Thunderstorm Negodguad ነጎድጉዋድ Tornado Aulo nefas AUሎ፡ነፋስ Hurricane clouds Ye meabel demena የመAበል፡ደመና Rainy Zenabama ዝናባማ Sunny Sehighama ፀሀያማ Cloudy Demean ደመና Freezing werch ውርጭ Clear Nesuhe semi ንፁህ፡ሰማይ Temperature: Fahrenheit/Celsius

Temperature: Fahrenheit/Celsius ቴምፕቸር ፌረንሃይት/ሴልሲየስ

Hot Muket (katelo) ሙቀት/ቃጠሎ Cold Kezkaza ቀዝቃዛ Warm Muket ሙቀት Dry Derek ደረቅ Overcast Demean ደመና Windy Nefas ነፋስ High Kefetegna ከፍተኛ Low Zeketegan ዝቅተኛ

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Answer Key 3. 1. rain zenab/ዝናብ 2. wind nefas /ነፋስ 3. clouds gumme/ጉም 6. 1. B How is the weather today? 2. C What is the temperature? It is overcast and raining. It is 22 degrees Celsius! It is very warm and

clear. 3. D How is the weather there? 4. A Is it sunny? It’s snowing and below freezing. No, it’s foggy and cold.

7. 1-Aየሩ፡ግንቦት፡Eንዴት፡ነው? Ayearu bu genbot endate newu? -Aየሩ፡ፀሃይ፡ነው Eyearu sehigh newu 2Aየሩ፡በሰኔ፡Eንዴት፡ነው? Ayearu be senie endate newu? -Aየሩ፡ዝናብ፡ነው Ayearu zenab newu? 3-Aየሩ፡Eንዴት፡ነው? Ayearu endate newu? በጣም፡ሙቀት፡ነው Betam muket newu 4-Aየሩ፡Eንዴት፡ነው? Ayearu endate newu? -Aየሩ፡ብርድ፡ነው Ayearu berd newu 5Aየሩው፡Eንዴት፡ነው? Ayearu endate newu? -Aየሩ፡ንፁህ፡ነው Ayearu nesuhe newu

8. 1.ሲያትል፡ሙቀት፡በሃምሌ፡Aለ? Seattle muket behamle ale? Aዎ፡ፀሃይ፡Aለ Auo sehigh ale 2.Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ነፋስ፡Eና፡ብርድ፡በህዳር፡Aለ? Addis abeba nefas ena berd behdar ale? Aይ፡ፀሃይ፡Aለ I sehigh ale 3.ፖርትላንድ፡ሙቀት፡በመጋቢት፡Aለ? Portland muket bemegabit ale? Aዎ፡Aለ Auo ale

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9.

1. A. Aየሩ፡በመስከረም፡ ፀሃይ፡ነው ayearu bu meskerm sehigh newu .

2.

B. ዛሬ፡ቴምፕሬቸሩ፡ምንድን፡ነው? 22 ዲግሪስ፡ፌረን፡ሃይት፡ነው zare temperaturu meneden newu? 22 degrees Fahrenheit newu.

3.

C. በጋ፡ነፋስ፡Aለ?Aይ፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ፀሃይ፡ነው begga nefas ale? i muket ena sehigh newu.

4. A. የነገ፡የAየር፡ተምቢይ፡ምንድን፡ነው? ደመና፡Eና፡ብርድ፡ነው

ye negge ayear tembia menden newu? demean ena berd newu. 5. B. በጋ፡ሙቀት፡Eና፡ደረቅ፡ነው? ክረምት፡ቀዝቃዛ፡Eና፡በረዶ፡ነው

begga muket ena derek newu. kiremt kezkaza ena buredo newu. 11. 1. thunderstorm negodguad ነጎድጉዋድ 2. lightning mebrek መብረቅ 3. hurricane meabel መAበል

12.. - Is it a thunderstorm? - Is it a flood? - Is it a hurricane? - negodguad neo? Gorf neo? Maebel neo? ነጎድጉዋድ፡ነው? ጎርፍ፡ነው? መAበል፡ነው? - No, it’s lightning, No, it’s a tornado. - No, it’s a thunderstorm I mebrek neo I aulo nefas neo I negodguad neo Aይ፡መብረቅ፡ነው Aይ፡Aውሎ፡ንፋስ፡ነው Aይ፡ነጎድጉዋድ፡ነው

- Is it a tornado? - Is it lightning? Aul o nefas neo? Mebrek neo? Aውሎ፡ንፋስ፡ነው? መብረቅ፡ነው? - No, it’s a flood - No, it’s a hurricane. I gorf neo. I maebel neo. Aይ፡ጎርፍ፡ነው Aይ፡መAበል፡ነው

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End of Lesson Tasks 1.

Today in Addis Ababa it will be cold and windy with a temperature of 14 degrees Celsius in the day time and a low of 10 degrees Celsius at night. In Negele to the south it will be hot and dry with temperature of 30 degrees Celsius in the day time and low of 20 degrees Celsius at night. In Jigiga to the east it will be very hot with the temperature of 38 degrees Celsius in the day and 25 degrees at night. In the west in Gorre it will be rainy and warm with a temperature of 27 degrees Celsius in the day and a of low 20 degrees Celsius at night.

2. Hello, good evening. This is the weather report from Axum for July 10th 2004. Today it is a sunny day with a high of 26 degrees Celsius and a rainy low of 18 degrees Celsius at night.

ጤና፡ይስጥልኝ፡Eንደምን፡Aመሻችሁ።ይሄ፡የAየር፡ዘገባ፡ከAክሱም፡ለሰኔ፡Aስራ፡ሁለት፡ ሺህ፡Aራት፡ነው።ዛሬ፡ፀሃይ፡በከፍተኛ፡26 ዲግሪ፡ሴልሲየስ፡ቡቀን፡Eና፡ዝናብ፡በማታ፡ ዝቅተኛ፡18 ዲግሪ፡ሴልሲየስ፡ነው።

Tena yestelegn endemen ameshachew, yehay ye ayear zegeba ke axum le sene asra hulet she arat neo. zare sehigh bu kefetegna 26 degrees Celsius bu ken ena zenab Bu mata zeketagna 18 degrees Celsius neo.

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Lesson 12 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 የሰው፡ቁመና

Yesew kumena Personal Appearance

This lesson will introduce you to: - one’s physical features (hair color, weight, height, etc.) - articles of clothing - colors - description of a person’s physical appearance, including the clothing - appropriate ways to ask about someone’s appearance.

1. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the descriptions of people’s appearances.

Tall Short Heavy Thin Young Old

regym acher Kebed yale kechin wetat shemagele ረጅም Aጭር (ወፍራም)ከበድ፡

ያለ ቀጭን ወጣት ሽማግሌ

Short Long Blond Red Gray Achir regym blond kaye shebet Aጭር ረጅም ብሎንድ ቀይ ሽበት

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2. Look at the pictures below and listen to the descriptions of people’s appearances.

This woman is young. She is tall and thin.

This man is also young. He has an average height and medium frame.

ይቺ፡ሴት፡ወጣት፡ናት። Eሷ፡ረጅም፡Eና፡ቀጭን፡ናት።

ይሄ፡ሰውዩም፡ወጣት፡ነው። መካከለኛ፡ቁመት፡Eና፡ሰውነት፡Aለው።

yechi sait wetat nat. esua regym ena kechin nat.

yehay sewyem wetat newu. mekakelegna kumet ena sewnet alewu.

When describing personal appearance in Amharic, most adjectives are the same as in English. The main difference is the use of old and fat. In English those terms can be negative, whereas in Amharic they are not. For example, if someone is very fat or obese, we use “very” fat (betam wefram). Also in English there is one word to describe an old thing and a person, whereas in Amharic an old person is telek sewyea (M) or telek saityo (F), and for a thing, use “arogay”: arogay chama, arogay tv , arogay radio etc.

3. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and repeat as you follow along in the workbook. Hair: Blond Blond ብሎንድ Brown Buna ቡና Red Keye ቀይ Gray Shebut ሽበት Curly Teklel (curly) ጥቅልል Straight Ket yale ቀጥ፡ያለ

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This young woman has short brown hair. This young man also has short brown hair. ይቺ፡ወጣት፡ሴት፡Aጭር፡ቡና፡ፀጉር፡Aላት። ይሄ፡ወጣት፡ወንድ፡Aጭር፡ቡና፡ፀጉር፡Aለው። yechi wetat sait acher buna segur alat. Yehay wetat wend acher buna segur alew

The young girl has long blond hair. The old man has gray hair. ይቺ፡ወጣት፡ሴት፡ልጅ፡ብሎንድ፡ፀጉር፡Aላት ይሄ፡ትልቅ፡ሰውየ፡ሽበት፡Aለው

yechi wetat sait lej regem blond segur alat. Yehay telek sewyea shebut alewu.

4. Look at the pictures and write descriptions of the people. Use the appropriate grammar and vocabulary. Check the answer key for a translation of the model.

The model: Aለሙ፡ረጅም፡ነው፡Eሱ፡ሰመያዊ፡ሸሚዝ፡Eና፡Aረንጉዋዴ፡ሱሪ፡Aርጉዋል። Alemu regem newu, esu semyawe shemis ena arenguade suri argual ዳዊት፡ብሎንድ፡Eና፡Aጭር፡ነው፡Eሱ፡ብርቱካን፡ሸሚዝ፡Eና፡ግሬ፡ሱሪ፡Aርጉዋል፡ Dawit blond ena achir newu, esu bertukan shemis ena gray suri argual መምበረ፡ወፍራም፡Eና፡ብሎንድ፡ናት፡Eሷ፡ሰመያዊ፡ሱሪ፡Eና፡ብርቱካን፡Aይነት፡ Membere wefram ena blond nat, esua semyawe suri ena burtukan ሱሪ፡Aርጋለች።ገነት፡ቀጭን፡Eና፡ረጅም፡ናት፡Eሷ፡ሮዝ፡ልብስ፡Eና፡ጫማ፡Aርጋለች። shemiz argalech.Genet kechin ena regem nat, esua rose lebs ena chama argalech.

Alemu ena Dawit Membere ena Genet Aለሙ፡Eና፡ዳዊት መምበረ፡Eና፡ገነት

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5. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and repeat as you follow along in the workbook.

Ear Nose Eye Mouth Glasses Beard joro afencha ayen af meneser sim ጆሮ Aፍንጫ Aይን Aፍ መነፅር ፂም

Light Skin Medium Skin Dark Skin

keye teyem tekur ቀይ ጠይም ጥቁር

6. From the list above, choose the characteristics and adjectives used to describe each feature. Eyes Hair Skin Height Frame Facial Features 7. In each line of text below, cross out the term that does not logically belong. Check your work with the answer key.

bicha arenguade kechin buna aynet ቢጫ Aረንጉዋዴ ቀጭን ቡና፡Aይነት achir meneser regym mekakelegna Aጭር መነፅር ረጅም መካከለኛ afencha sim wefram ayen Aፍንጫ ፂም ወፍራም Aይን blond gracha kumet teyem (tekur) ብሎንድ ግራጫ ቁመት ጠይም/ጥቁር

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8. Listen to the descriptions of different people’s appearances while reading the following dialogues. Answer the questions. Check your work with the answer key. 1. የሊያ፡ፀጉር፡ቀለም፡ምን፡Aይነት፡ነው? – ye liya segur kelem men ayent newu? የሷ፡ፀጉር፡ቡና፡Aይነት፡ነው - yesua segure buna ayent newu. የሊያ፡ፀጉር፡ረጅም፡ነው፡ወይንስ፡Aጭር? - ye liya segure regym newue woynes achir? Aጭር፡ነው - achir newu. የሊያ፡ፀጉር፡ጥቅልል፡ነው፡ወይንስ፡ቀጥ፡ያለ፡ነው? - ye liya segur teklel newu woynes ket yale? ቀጥ፡ያለ፡ነው - ket yale newu. 2. ጴጥሮስ፡መነፀር፡ያረጋል? – petros meneser yaregal? Aይ፡Eሱ፡መነፀር፡Aያረግም - I esu meneser ayaregem የጴጥሮስ፡Aይን፡ቀለም፡ምን፡Aይነት፡ነው? - ye petros ayen kelem men ayente newu? የሱ፡Aይን፡ሰመያዊ፡ነው - yesu ayen semeyawe newu. 3. ኪዳኔ፡ረጅም፡ነው? - kidane regym newu? Eሱ፡መካከለኛ፡ነው - esu mekakelegna newu. Eሱ፡ወፍራም፡ነው - esu wefram newu? Eሱ፡ቀጭን፡ነው - I esu kechin newu . .

Questions: 1. How many people were described? 2. What were their names? 3. What kind of hair does Liya have? 4. Does Petros wear glasses? 5. Does Petros have brown eyes? 6. Is Kidane short and heavy?

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9. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary for clothing and colors. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Black Tekur ጥቁር Gray Gracha ግርጫ Green Arenguade Aረንጉዋንዴ Red Keye ቀይ Blue Semeyawe ሰመያዊ Yellow Bicha ቢጫ White Nech ነጭ

Red Coat Gray Suit Tan Pants Blue Jeans Keye coat Gracha sufe Kaki suri Blue jeans ቀይ፡ኮት

ግራጫ፡ሱሪ

ካኪ፡ሱሪ

ብሉ፡ጂንስ

Green Jacket Brown Sweater Orange Shirt Blue T-Shirt

Arenguade jacket Buna aynet shoerab Bertukan aynet

shemese Semeyawe

kanatera(t-shirt) Aረንጉዋዴ፡ጃኬት

ብናAይነት፡ሹራብ

ብርቱካን፡Aይነት፡

ሸሚዝ ሰመያዊ፡

ካናቴራ/ቲሸርት

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Green Skirt Purple Dress White Sweat Suit Yellow Shorts

Arenguade gurd Whensege kemis Nech tuta Becha kumta Aረንጉዋዴ፡ጉርድ ወይንፀጅ፡ቀሚስ ነጭ፡ቱታ ቢጭ፡ቁምጣ

Brown Boots Blue Shoes Black Hat Gray Uniform Buna aynet boots Semeyawe chama Tekure kofeya Gracha uniform

ቡናAይነት፡ቡትስ ሰመያዊ፡ጫማ ጥቁር፡ኮፍያ ግራጫ፡ዩኒፎርም

Black Socks White Socks Tekur kalsi Nech kalsi ጡቁር፡ካልሲ ነጭ፡ካልሲ

10. Match each description with the corresponding picture. Fill in the blank with the correct letter. Note that there could be more than one match. Check your work with the answer key.

A B C D E

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1 . …. Telek saityo nachewu. ……..ትልቅ፡ሴትዮ፡ናቸው 2. ……. blond newu. ……..ብሎንድ፡ነው 3. ……. Regem buna ayenet segur alat. ……..ረጅም፡ቡና፡Aይነት፡ፀጉር፡Aላት 4. ……. Gracha suf lebsual ………ግራጫ፡ሱፍ፡ለብሷል 5. ……. Semeyawe suri lebsul. ……..ሰመያዊ፡ሱሪ፡ለብሷል 6. ……. Wetat sait nat.

……..ወጣት፡ሴት፡ናት 7. ……. Regim kechin nat. ………ረጅም፡ቀጭን፡ናት 8. ……. Bicha kemis lebsalech. …….ቢጫ፡ቀሚስ፡ለብሳለች 9. ……. Semeyawe kanatera lebsalech. ……..ሰመያዊ፡ካናቴራ፡ለብሳለች 10…….. wefram newu. ……..ወፍራም፡ነው

11. Translate the following descriptions into English. Check your work with the answer key. A. ሃና፡ረጅም፡ቀጭን፡ናት።Eሷ፡30፡Aመቱዋ፡ነው።Eሷ፡ብሎንድ፡ጥቅልል፡ፀጉር፡Aረንጉዋዴ፡Aይን፡ Eና፡ቀይ፡ናት። Hanna regym kechin nat. esua 30 ametua newu. esua blond teklel segur, arenguade ayen, ena keya nat. B. ሳሙኤል፡ረጅም፡Eና፡ወፍራም፡ነው።Eሱ፡45፡Aመቱ፡ነው።Eሱ፡Aጭር፡ሽበት፡ፀጉር፡ሰማያዊ፡ Aይን፡Eና፡ቀይ፡ነው። Samuel regym ena wefram newu . esu 45 ametu newu. esu achir shebut segure , semeyawe ayen, ena keye newu. C. ወታደሩ፡ጥቁር፡Aጭር፡ፀጉር፡Aለው።Eሱ፡Aጭር፡ቀጭን፡ነው። wetaderu tekur achir segur alew . esu achir ena kechin newu. D. yይቺ፡ትንሽ፡ልጅ፡10፡Aመቱዋ፡ነው።Eሷ፡ረጅም፡Eና፡ቀጭን፡ናት።Eሷ፡ረጅም፡ቡናማ፡ፀጉር፡ ቡናማ፡Aይን፡Eና፡ጠይም፡ናት። echi tenish lej 10 ametua newu. esua regym ena kechin nat. esua regym bunama segure , bunama ayen , ena teyem nat .

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Describe the people you see in the pictures. For each person, include the approximate age, skin tone, color and length of hair, and what he/she is wearing. Use the model:

1 2 3

4 5 6 1.የቺ፡ወጣት፡ሴት፡ጠይም፡Eና፡ቆንጆ፡ናት።Eሷ፡ቀይ፡ካናቴራ፡ለብሳለች yechi wettat sait teyem ena konjo nat.esua keye kanatera lebsalech 2.ይቺ፡ሴትዮ፡ሰመያዊ፡ሸሚዝ፡ለብሳለች፡መነጽር፡Aርጋለች፡ሽበት፡ጸጉር፡Aላት yechi saiteyo semeyawi shemis lebsalech.meneser argalech shebet segur alat 3.ይሄ፡ሰውዬ፡ሰመያዊ፡ሱፍ፡በቀይ፡ካራቫት፡Eና፡መነጽር፡Aርጉዋል yehay sewyea semayawi suf be keye karavat ena meneser argual 4.ይሄ፡ወንድ፡ወጣት፡Eና፡መልከ፡መልካም፡ነው yehay wend wetat ana melke melkam neo. 5.ይሄ፡ሰው፡Aፍሪቃዊ፡ነው።መላጣ፡Eና፡ጠይም፡ነው፡ቀይ፡ሸሚዝ፡Eና፡ጥቁር፡ሱፍ፡ለብሷል yehay sewyea africawe neo.melata ena teyem neo.keye shemis ena tekur suf lebsuwal. 6.ይሄ፡ሰውዬ፡ግራጫ፡ከነቴራ፡ለብሷል።Eሱ፡መላጣ፡ነው yehay sewyea gracha kanatera lebswal.esu melata neo.

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2. Come up with a simple description for each of the people listed below. (You may substitute any individual you wish for those listed.) Be sure to include hair color and length, approximate height and age, eye color, and skin tone. Example: My mother is 63 years old. She is tall and has a medium frame. She has short, gray hair and brown eyes. She has light skin. She wears glasses. A. Mother B. Father C. Co-worker D. President of the United States E. Your next-door neighbor 3. Work in pairs. Pretend that you and your partner are roommates. When you went to the store, someone came to visit you. Now you are back. Ask your roommate questions about that person’s appearance. Your partner will describe the visitor. In Amharic, say what he/she looks like. (Is he/she tall or short? Heavy or thin? What kind of hair does he/she have? What was he wearing? What colors were the clothes?) Example: Esua regym kechin ena achir blond segur alat. Eሷ፡ረጅም፡ቀጭን፡Eና፡Aጭር፡ብሎንድ፡ፀጉር፡Aላት Esua tekur suri ena rose shemise lebsalech. Eሷ፡ጥቁር፡ሱሪ፡Eና፡ሮዝ፡ሸሚዝ፡ለብሳለች

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Vocabulary List Average mekakelegna መካከለኛ Beard Sim ፂም Black Tekur ጥቁር Blond blond ብሎንድ Blue Simeyawe ሰመያዊ Blue jeans Blue jeans ብሉ፡ጂንስ Boots Bote chama (boots) ቦት፡ጫማ/ቡትስ Brown Buna ቡና Color Kelem ቀለም Curly Tiklet ጥቅልል Dark Tekor yale ጠቆር፡ያለ Dress Kemis ቀሚስ Ears Jorro ጆሮ Eyes Ayen Aይን Face Feet ፊት Frame Frame ፍሬም Glasses Meneser መነጽር Gray kaki ካኪ Green Arenguade Aረንጉዋዴ Hair Segure ፀጉር Hat Kofeya ኮፍያ Jacket Jacket ጃኬት Large Telek ትልቅ Light debezaza ደብዛዛ Man Sewye ሰውዬ Medium Mekakelegan መካከለኛ Mouth Afe Aፍ Nose Afencha Aፍንጫ Old Aroge(used only for things) Aሮጌ Pants suri ሱሪ Red keye ቀይ Shirt shemese ሸሚዝ Shoes chama ጫማ Short kumta ቁምጣ Skin koda ቆዳ Skirt gurred ጉርድ Small Tenish ትንሽ Straight Kat yale ቀጥ፡ያለ Suit Suff ሱፍ Sweater Shurab ሹራብ Sweats Tuta ( yesporte lebese) ቱታ(የሰፖረት ልብስ)

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Tall Regym ረጅም Thin Kechin ቀጭን To wear Melbess መልበስ T-shirt Kanatera (T-shirt) ከነቴራ White Nech ነጭ Woman Saityo ሴቶዮ Yellow Bicha ቢጫ Young wetat ወጣት

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Answer Key 4. Alemu is tall , he is wearing blue shirt and green pants. Dawit is blond and short, he is wearing orange shirt and gray pants. Membere is heavy and blond, she is wearig blue pants and orange. Genet is thin and tall, she is wearing pink dress and shoes. 7. blue green thin brown bicha arenguade kechin buna aynet ቢጫ Aረንጉዋዴ ቀጭን ቡና፡Aይነት short glasses tall average achir meneser regym mekakelegna Aጭር መነፅር ረጅም መካከለኛ nose beard heavy eyes afencha sim wefram ayen Aፍንጫ ፂም ወፍራም Aይን blond gray height dark blond gracha kumet teyem (tekur) ብሎንድ ግራጫ ቁመት ጠይም/ጥቁር

8. 1. - What color is Liya’s hair? - Her hair is brown. - Is Liya’shair long or short? - It’s short. - Is Liya’shair curly or straight? - It’s straight. 2. - Does Petros wear glasses? - No, he doesn’t wear glasses. - What color are Petros’s eyes? - His eyes are blue. 3. - Is Kidane tall? - He is of average height. - Is he heavy? -No, he is thin.

1. How many people were described? Three. 2. What were their names? Liya, Petros, Kidane. 3. What kind of hair does Liya have? Short, straight, brown. 4. Does Petros wear glasses? No.

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5. Does Petros have brown eyes? No, he has blue eyes. 6. Is Kidane short and heavy? No, average height and thin. 10.

A B C D E 1 . …D. Telek saityo nachewu. ……..ትልቅ፡ሴትዮ፡ናቸው 2. …E…. blond newu. ……..ብሎንድ፡ነው 3. …C…. Regem buna ayenet segur alat. ……..ረጅም፡ቡና፡Aይነት፡ፀጉር፡Aላት 4. …A…. Gracha suf lebsual ………ግራጫ፡ሱፍ፡ለብሷል 5. …E…. Semeyawe suri lebsul. ……..ሰመያዊ፡ሱሪ፡ለብሷል 6. …B…. Wetat sait nat. ……..ወጣት፡ሴት፡ናት 7. …C…. Regim kechin nat. ………ረጅም፡ቀጭን፡ናት 8. …C…. Bicha kemis lebsalech. …….ቢጫ፡ቀሚስ፡ለብሳለች 9. …B…. Semeyawe kanatera lebsalech. ……..ሰመያዊ፡ካናቴራ፡ለብሳለች 10……A.. wefram newu. ……..ወፍራም፡ነው 11. A. Hanna is tall and thin. She is 30 years old. She has blond curly hair, green eyes, and fair skin. B. Samuel is tall and heavy. He is 45 years old. He has short gray hair, blue eyes, and light skin. C. The soldier has dark short hair. He is short and thin. D. A young girl is 10 years old. She is tall and thin. She has long brown hair, brown eyes, and dark skin.

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Lesson 13 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 መገናኛ

megenga Transportation

This lesson will introduce you to: - The verbs of motion - The ways of asking questions regarding the different modes of transportation

- The different types of transportation available in Ethiopia Ethiopian Airlines is one of Africa’s largest and best airlines, with an extensive network of flights throughout Africa, Europe, Asia and North America. It also has a strong internal network and its prices are reasonable. There is also a good network of cheap, slow buses along all major roads. The only train line runs between Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, and it’s long and slow. In the capital there are luxury taxis for hire at any of the major hotels, and taxis on the street that you can flag down and negotiate the price, either by the hour or to your destination. The average Ethiopian takes the mini bus (weyeyet), which can carry about 10 passengers and is very reasonable. There is also the city bus, which is the cheapest way of getting around, but it is mostly used by the poor; it is very crowded and does not run on time. Although there are many privately owned cars, the majority of Ethiopians use public transportation, and a few use bicycles and motorcycles. In rural areas, horses, mules, camels and horse carriages are used.

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1. Listen and repeat the following words as you read along.

aroplan beesclate merkeb autobos Aሮፕላን ብስኪሌት መርከብ Aውቶቡስ Airplane Bicycle Ship Bus

mekina gelba helicopter መኪና ጀልባ ሄሊኮፕተር Car Ferry Boat Helicopter

motorcycle taxi babour yechinet makina ሞተር፡ሳይክል ታክሲ ባቡር የጭነት፡መኪና Motorcycle Taxi Train Truck Study the verbs of motion. To walk – bu egir mehaad to or in English, to go on foot. This is how the verb “to walk” is used: Example – I walk to work. Ene sera bu egir neo yemehadew. To drive – mendat Example – ene sera bu mekina neo yemehadew. To ride – to ride a bicycle and to ride a motorcycle use the same verb as to drive: “mendat.”

2. Listen to the questions and answers about using different forms of transportation. Repeat after the speaker as you read along. How do you go to work? ስራ፡በምንድን፡ነው፡የምትሄደው Sera bu mennden neo yemethaydew?

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Model: who + destination +mode of transportation + the verb of motion ene sera bu mekina newu yemehaydew I go to work by car. Eኔ፡ስራ፡በመኪና፡ነው፡የምሄደው

by car/ be mekina newu yemehaydewu በመኪና።ነው፡የምሄደው by bus/ be autobos newu yemehaydewu በAውቶቡስ፡ነው፡የምሄደው by train/ be babour newu yemehaydew በባቡር፡ነው፡የምሄደው by bicycle/ be beesclate newu yemehaydewu በብስክሌት፡ነው፡የምሄደው by boat/ be merkeb newu yemehaydewu በመርከብ፡ነው፡የምሄደው by motorcycle/ be motorcycle newu yemehaydewu በሞተርሳይክል፡ነው፡የምሄደው

Ene Eኔ

by truck/ be chinet mekina newu yemehaydewu በጭነት፡መኪና፡ነው፡የምሄደው

3. Listen to and read each statement below and match it with the correct picture. Check your work with the answer key.

1 2 3

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4 5 6 A. Eኔ፡ሁሌ፡ጥዋት፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡በAውቶቡስ፡ነው፡የምሄደው ene wholle teuat temhertbait bu autobos newu yemhaydewu. B. ወታደሮች፡በምድር፡ጦር፡መኪና፡ሄዳለሁ wetaderoch be meder tor mekina yehaydalu. C. ዝናብ፡ሲዘንብ፡Eኛ፡በታክሲ፡ነው፡የምንሄደው zenab sizenb egna be taxi newu yemenhaydwe. D. Eኔ፡በመኪና፡ነው፡ስራ፡የምሄደው ene be mekina newu sera yemehaydewu. E. የኔ፡ጉውደኛ፡ቡስክሌት፡ነው፡ስራ፡የምትሄደው yene guadegna be beesclate newu sera yemihaydewu. F. የኔ፡ወንድም፡ሞተርሳይክል፡ነው፡የሚነዳው yene wendem motorcycle newu yemenedawu. 4. Make complete sentences out of the words below. Model: ene temehrtbait bu autobos haydalew who + destination +mode of transportation + the verb of motion I ride the bus to school. Eኔ፡ትምህርትቤት፡በAውቶቡስ፡ሄዳለው ene, motorcycle, yene wendem, mendate, wede, temehrtbait, beesclate, yegna welagoch, mekina, aroplan marefia, babour, yezefen zegegit, metshaf bait, yene guadegna, mendate, taxi, autobos, mehayd Eኔ፡ሞተርሳይክል፡የኔ፡ወንደም፡መንዳት፡ወደ፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ብስኪሌት፡የኛ፡ወላጆች፡ መኪና፡Aውሮፕላን፡ማረፊያ፡ባቡር፡የዘፈን፡ዝግጅት፡መፀሃፍት፡ቤት፡የኔ፡ጉዋደኛ፡መንዳት፡ ታክሲ፡Aውቶቡስ፡መሄድ

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The different modes of transportation and how to ask for directions. ይቅርታ፡ባንክ፡የት፡ነው? Yekerta, bank yet noe? Where is the bank? Aደባባይ፡Aጠገብ፡ነው፡ታክሲ፡መውሰድ፡ይቻላል adebabay ategeb noe,bu taxi mehayd yechalal It’s near the square; you can take a taxi. Eግዜር፡ይስጥልኝ egzair yestelgn Thank you.

5. Now read the following exchanges. Listen to them and repeat after the speaker. - Excuse me. I want to go to the library. How do I get there? ይቅርታ፡መፀሃፍት፡ቤት፡መሄድ፡Eፈልጋለሁ፡Eንዴት፡ነው፡የምሄደው - yekerta; metsehaft bait mehayd efelgalewu, endate newu yemhaydewu? - Take bus number 14. 14 ቁጥር፡መውሰድ፡ትችላለህ - 14 kutter mewsed techilaleh - Thanks. Eግዜር፡ይስትልኝ - egzair yestelegn. - You are welcome. Aብሮ፡ይስጥልኝ -abro yestlegn - How do I get to the hospital? ሃኪም፡ቤት፡Eንዴት፡ነው፡የምሄደው? - hakim bait endate newu yemehaydewu? - Take a taxi. ታክሲ፡መውሰድ፡ትችላለህ - taxi mewsed techilaleh - Thank you very much. ብጣም፡Eግዜር፡ይስጥልኝ - butam egzair yestelegn.

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- You are welcome. ብጣም፡Eግዜር፡ይስጥልኝ - butam egzair yestelegn. - Please tell me how to get to the hotel from the airport? ባኮትን፡ከሆቴል፡Aሮፕላን፡ማረፊያ፡Eንዴት፡መሄድ፡Eችላልሁ - bakoten ke hotel aroplan marefia endate mehayd echilalewu ? - Take the train. በባቡር - be babour. - What number? ስንት፡ቁጥር? - cent kuter? - Train number 22. ባቡር፡ቁጥር22 - babour kuter22 6. Working with a partner, make up similar exchanges. Use the words from Exercise 5 and the pictures below to choose the destination.

theatre /ቲያትር bakery/ባቦ፡ቤት train station/ባቡር፡ጣቢያ

7. Now listen to the dialogues and mark the statement that you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. A. Do you take a taxi to the concert? No, I take my car. B. Do you take a bus to the concert? No, I take my car. C. Do you take a train to the concert? No, I take my car. 2. A. What bus should I take to the post office? Bus number 18. B. What street should I take to the post office? 18th Street. C. What exit should I take to the post office? Exit 18. 3. A. My parents drive their cars to work, but we ride our bicycles. B. My parents drive their cars to work, but we walk. C. My parents drive their cars to work, but we take the train.

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At a service station

8. Familiarize yourself with the following vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and follow along in your book. Gas Bainzeen (petrol) ቤንዚን/ፔትሮል Gas station Bainzeen (petrol) madeya ቤንዚን/ፔትሮል፡ማደያ Service station Garage ጋራዥ Diesel Nafta ናፍጣ Car wash Mekina matebia መኪና፡ማጠቢያ Oil Yemekina zeit የመኪና፡ዘይት Tire/tires Gomma/ gommawoch ጎማ/ጎማዎች Air Ayear Aየር Water Weha ወሃ Flat tire Gomma feneda ጎማ፡ፍንዳታ

In Ethiopia the metric system is used for measuring, liters, kilos, meters, kilometers, and grams. Gas and all liquid substances are sold in liters. 1 gallon = 3.785 liters 1 quart = .946 liters 1 liter = 2.1 pints 10 liters = 2.63 gallons

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9. Listen to the people at a service station and find out what each needs. Circle the English equivalents of the terms you hear. Check your work with the answer key. A. Air Gas Diesel Tires Oil Car Wash B. Air Gas Diesel Tires Oil Car Wash C. Air Gas Diesel Tires Oil Car Wash D. Air Gas Diesel Tires Oil Car Wash

10. Familiarize yourself with these terms identifying infrastructure. Road menged መንገድ Highway Yemekina menged የመኪና፡መንገድ Freeway Yemekina menged የመኪና፡መንገድ Local road Yemender menged ውስጥለውስጥ፡መንገድ Railroad Ring road

Yebabour menged Yekelebet menged

የባቡር፡መንገድ የቀለበት፡መንገድ

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Tell how you would get to the following places using various modes of transportation. Try to make your story interesting and include as many details as you can.

2. Listen and write down the responses to the questions below in Amharic and English. Check your work with the answer key. A. –ene bainzeen yelegnem. Bainzeen madeya yet newu? Eኔ፡ቤንዚን፡የለኝም።ቤንዚን፡ማደያ፡የት፡ነው? B. – ene gomma ye fendtula. Ayear aleh? Eኔ፡ጎማየ፡ፈንድቱዋል።Aየር፡Aለህ? C. – cent newu bainzeen be liter/gallon? ስንት፡ነው፡ቤንዚን፡በሊትር/ጋሎን? D. – ye cent bainzeen tefelgalh? የስንት፡ቤንዚን፡ተፈልጋለህ?

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Vocabulary List Air Ayear Aየር Airplane Aroplan Aውሮፕላን Bicycle Beesclate ብስኪሌት Boat Merkeb መርከብ Bus Autobus (bus) Aውቶቡስ Car Mekina መኪና Car wash Mekina matebiya መኪና፡ማጠቢያ Concert Ye musika zegegit የሙዚቃ፡ዝግጅት Diesel Nafta ናፍጣ Ferry boat Gelba ጀልባ Freeway Yemekina menged (yekefle

Hager menged) የመኪና(የክፈለ፡ሃገር)መንገድ

Gallon Gallon ጋሎን Gas Benzine ቤንዚን Helicopter Helicopter ሄሊኮፕተር Highway Yemekina menged የመኪና፡መንገድ Library Metsehaft bait መፀሃፍት፡ቤት Liter Liter ሊትር Local road Yemender menged የመንደር፡መንገድ Motorcycle Motorcycle ሞተር፡ሳይክል Oil Zeyit ዘይት Railroad Babur menged ባቡር፡መንገድ Service station Benzin madeya ቤንዚን፡ማደያ School Temhert bait ትምህርት፡ቤት Ship Merkeb መርከብ Taxi Taxi ታክሲ Tire/tires Gomma/gommawoch ጎማ/ጎማዎች Train Babur ባቡር Truck Chinet mekina ጭነት፡መኪና Water Weha ውሃ Work Sera ስራ How do you go to work? Sera bumen tehaydaleh? ስራ፡በምን፡ትሄዳለህ? I drive my car. Bu mekina በመኪና I take a bus to go to school. Ene bu autobus neo

temhertbait yemehaydew Eኔ፡በAውቶቡስ፡ነው፡ ትምህርት፡ቤት፡የምሄደው

How do I get to the hospital?

Hakim bait bu menn mehayd echelalew?

ሃኪም፡ቤት፡በምን፡መሄድ፡ Eችላለሁ?

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Answer Key 3. 6.A. I take the bus to school every morning. 4.B. Soldiers ride in an army truck. 5.C. When it’s raining, we take a taxi. 2.D. I drive my car to go to work. 3.E. My friend rides his bike to work. 1.F. My brother rides a motorcycle. 7. 1. A. Do you take a taxi to the concert? No, I take my car. yezefen zegegit be taxi newu yemetyadewu? i, be mekina newu yemehaydewu. የዘፈን፡ዝግጅት፡በታክሲ፡ነው፡የምትሄደው? Aይ፡በመኪና፡ነው፡የመሄደው 2. B. What street should I take to the post office? 18th Street. yetgnaw menged newu yemwesdew posta bait lemehay? Autobos asra sement የትኛው፡መንገድ፡ነው፡የምወስደው፡ፖስታ፡ቤት፡ለመሄድ?Aውቶቡስ፡Aስራ፡ስምንት 3. C. My parents drive their cars to work, but we take the train. yene welagoch sera be mekina newu yemihaydut, egna genn be babour newu yeminhaydewu. የኔ፡ወላጆች፡ስራ፡በመኪና፡ነው፡የሚሄዱት፡Eኛ፡ግን፡በባቡር፡ነውየምንሄደው 9. A. - ene ayear le gomma felgalewu Eኔ፡Aየር፡ለጎማ፡ፈልጋለሁ B. - ene aser gallon bainzeen ena aned liter zeit felgalewu Eኔ፡Aሰር፡ጋሎን፡ቤንዚን፡Eና፡Aንድ፡ሊትር፡ዘይት፡ፈልጋለሁ C. - ene mekina matebia felgalewu Eኔ፡መኪና፡ማጠቢያ፡ፈልጋለሁ D. – ene nafta le mekina felgalewu Eኔ፡ናፍጣ፡ለመኪና፡ፈልጋለሁ A. I need some air for my tires. B. I need 10 gallons of gas and 1 quart of oil. C. I need a car wash and gas. D. I need diesel for my car and oil. End-of-Lesson Tasks 2. A. - I have no gas. Where is the gas station? - Two miles this way.

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B. - I have a flat tire. Do you have air? -Yes, we do. C. - How much is the gas per liter/gallon? - $2.35 a gallon. D. – How much gas do you want? - 5 liters/gallons please. A. –ene bainzeen yelegnem. Bainzeen madeya yet neo? - hulet mile yerekal Eኔ፡ቤንዚን፡የለኝም።ቤንዚን፡ማደያ፡የት፡ነው? ሁለት፡ማይል፡ይቀራል B. – ene gomma ye fendtula. Ayear aleh? -auo alen. Eኔ፡ጎማየ፡ፈንድቱዋል።Aየር፡Aለህ? Aዎ፡Aለን C. – cent neo bainzeen bu liter/gallon? - hulet dollar ke selasa amest santim ስንት፡ነው፡ቤንዚን፡በሊትር/ጋሎን? ሁለት፡ዶላር፡ከሰላሳ፡Aምስት፡ሳንቲም D. – ye cent bainzeen tefelgalh? - amest liter/gallon ebakot የስንት፡ቤንዚን፡ተፈልጋለህ? Aምስት?ሊትር/ጋሎን”Eባኮት

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Lesson 14 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ጉዞ

Goozo Travel

This lesson will introduce you to: - Vocabulary related to travel - How to buy a train, bus, or airplane ticket - How to understand schedules - Border crossing and roadblock procedures.

There are several local Ethiopian airlines ticket offices where one can purchase a ticket for local and international flights. A bus ticket is purchased when boarding, and a train ticket is purchased at the train station. There is a significant difference between first class and second class for trains and air travel, but buses usually have only a standard rate and class.

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1. Listen to the following dialogue about buying a ticket at a train station, and read along in the workbook. Soldier: Excuse me, ma’am.

yekerta weizerit ይቅርታ፡ወይዘሪት

Ticket Seller: Can I help you? menn lerdawot? ምን፡ልርዳዎት?

Soldier: I need to buy a ticket to the city of Dire Dawa. ticket le Dire dawa felgalew

ትኬት፡ለድሬዳዋ፡ፈልጋልው Ticket Seller: Departing on what day?

meyahga be men ken? መሄጃ፡በምን፡ቀን፡ነው?

Soldier: Today. zare

ዛሬ Ticket Seller: One-way or roundtrip?

mehayga weynes derso melse? መሄጃ፡ወይንስ፡ደርሶ፡መልስ

Soldier: Roundtrip. derso melse

ደርሶ፡መልስ Ticket Seller: First class or second class?

andegna meareg weynes huletegna me-areg? Aንደኛ፡መAረግ፡ወይንስ፡ሁለተኛ፡መAረግ?

Soldier: Second class, please. huletegna me-areg ebakot

ሁለተኛ፡መAረግ፡Eባኮት Ticket Seller: Returning on what day?

memelesha ken? መመለሻ፡ቀን?

Soldier: Friday areb

Aርብ Ticket Seller: Morning, afternoon, or evening?

teuat,keseat, weynes mata? ጥዋት፡ከሰAት፡ወይንስ፡ማታ?

Soldier: Afternoon keseat

ከሰAት

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Ticket Seller: Twenty-two dollars, please. The next train leaves in one hour from platform number 5.

haya hulet dollar ebakot, yemiketelew babour ke aned se-at bewhouala be platform kuter amest newu. ሀያ፡ሁለት፡ዶላር፡Eባኮት፡የሚቀጥለው፡ባቡር፡ከAንድ፡ሰAት፡በሁዋላ፡በፕላት፡ ፎርምቁጥር፡Aምስት፡ነው Soldier: Thank you. What is the train number? egzair yestelegn, baour kuter menden newu? ኣግዜር፡ይስትልኝ፡ባቡር፡ቁጥር፡ምንድን፡ነው? Ticket Seller: 76

seba sedest ሰባስድስት

Soldier: Is this an express train? fetan babour newu?

ፈጣን፡ባቡር፡ነው? Ticket Seller: Yes, it is an express train.

Oewo featn babour newu. Aዎ፡ፈጣን፡ባቡር፡ነው

Study the verbs below. To board –“mesafer”መሳፈር Passengers must board the plane now. Mengedegnoch awhon aroplan mesafer alebachew. መንገደኞች፡Aሁን፡Aውሮፕላን፡መሳፈር፡Aለባችሁ depart –“mehayga” መሄጃ When does the plane to Addis Ababa depart? Cent se-at neo ye addis abeba mehayga auroplan? ስንት፡ሰAት፡ነው፡የAዲስ፡Aበባ፡መሄጃ? arrive-mederesha መድረሻ The express train from Harrar arrives in 1 hour. Fetanu babour ke harrar ke aned se-at behual yedersal ፈጣኑ፡ባቡር፡ከሃረር፡ከAንድ፡ሰAት፡በሁዋላ፡ይደርሳል Study the use of the terms “must” or “have to”. I must – ene alebegn Eኔ፡Aለብኝ I must go to the train station. Ene babour tabia mehay alebegn. Eኔ፡ባቡር፡ጣቢያ፡መሄድ፡Aለብኝ She must – esua alebat Eሷ፡Aለባት She must board the plane. Esua auroplan mesafer alebat. Eሷ፡Aውሮፕላን፡መሳፈር፡Aለባት He must – esu alebet Eሷ፡Aለባት

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He must buy the ticket. Esu ticket megzat alebet. Eሱ፡ትኬት፡መግዛት፡Aለበት You must – ante alebeh(M) Aንተ፡Aለብህ You must leave on Friday. Ante areb mehayd alebehe Aንተ፡Aርብ፡መሄድ፡Aለብህ You must – anchi alebesh(F) Aንቺ፡Aለብሽ You must come back on Sunday. Anchi ehude memeles alebesh. Aንቺ፡Eሁድ፡መመለስ፡Aለብስ We must – egna aleben Eኛ፡Aለብን We must return at nine o’clock. Egna bu zetegn se-at memeles aleben Eኛ፡በዘጠኝ፡ሰAት፡መመለስ፡Aለብን They must – enesu alebachew Eኑሱ፡Aለባቸው They must go to the waiting area. Enesu metebekia bota mehayd alebachew Eነሱ፡መጠበቂያ፡ቦታ፡መሄድ፡Aለባቸው You must (plural) – enante alebach-who Eናንተ፡Aለባችሁ You must return to Addis Ababa. Enante Addis abeba memeless alebachwho Eናንተ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡መመለስ፡Aለባችሁ 2. Read the dialogue with a partner. Take turns being the Ticket Seller and Soldier. 3. Role-play the dialogue. You can substitute the name of a city where you need to buy a ticket to, the time and day of arrival and departure, and the price of the ticket. The formation of the future tense in Amharic is as follows. The is not a verb for “will” or “going to” as in English to indicate the future, but simply use the present tense and add a time frame to indicate that it is going to be a future activity. EXAMPLE. I will take the bus tomorrow. ene nege autobus wesdalwe. Eኔ፡ነገ፡Aውቶቡስ፡ወስዳለው She is playing at a concert next week. esua yemimetaw samnet musika zegejet techawetalech Eሷ፡የሚመጣው፡ሳምንት፡ሙዚቃ፡ትጫወታች. The verb stays in the present, but a time in the future is indicated.

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4. Listen to the following statements and read along in the workbook. Attention, passengers! The next express train to Harra will depart from platform 10 in 15 minutes. ክብራን፡Eና፡ክብራት፡መንገደኞች!የሚቀጥለው፡ፈጣን፡ባቡር፡በፕላት፡ፎርም፡Aሰር፡ከAስራ፡ Aምስት፡ደቂቃ፡በሁዋላ፡ይሄዳል። Kebran ena kebrat mengedegnoch ! yemiketelewu fetan babour be platform aser ke Asra amest dekika behuala yehaydal. Attention, passengers! The next local train will arrive at platform 10 in 5 minutes. ክብራት፡Eና፡ክብራንመንገደኞች!የሚቀጥለው፡ያገር፡ባቡር፡ካምስት፡ደቂቃ፡በሁዋላ ፕላት፡ፎርም፡Aሰር፡ይደርሳል Kebran ena keburat mengedegnoch! Yemiketelew yager babour ke amest – aser dekika behuala Platform yedersal. Attention, passengers! Flight number 92 from Sydney will be one hour late. Please check the schedule for updates. ክብራን፡Eና፡ክብራት፡መንገደኞች! የበረራ፡ቁጥር፡ዘጠና፡ሁለት፡ከሲድነ፡Aንድ፡ሰAት፡ ያረፍዳል፡Eባካችሁ፡ለAዲስ፡ፕላን፡ግዜውን፡ተመልከቱ Kebran ena kebrat mengedegnoch! Yeberera kuter zetena hulet ke Sydney aned seiet Yarefdal. Ebakachehun le addis plan gezaiwen temelketu Attention, passengers! The bus from Mekele will arrive at terminal 3 in 10 minutes ክብራን፡Eና፡ክብራት፡መንገደኞ! የመቀሌ፡Aውቶቡስ፡ከAስር፡ደቂቃ፡በሁዋላ፡ተርሚናል፡ ይደርሳል Kebran ena kebrat mengedegnoch! Ye mekele autobos ke aser dekika behuala terminal Sost yedersal 5. Match each picture with the correct Amharic term by writing the term below the correct picture.

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መንገደኞች mengedegnoch ትኬት ticket ሻንጣ shanta ትኬት፡መቁረጫ Ticket mekotateria ፕላት፡ፎርም platform ማረፊያ፡ቦታ Marefia bota የጉዞ፡ፕላን Yeguzo plan መግቢያ Megbia

6. Listen to the following statements and read along in the workbook. You must have a ticket to board the train. Baour le mesafer ticket yasfelgal ባቡር፡ለመሳፈር፡ትኬት፡ያስፈልጋል You must have a ticket to board the airplane. Auroplan le mesafer ticket yasfelgal Aውሮፕላን፡ለመሳፈር፡ትኬት፡ያስፈልጋል Passengers for flight number 25 must go to gate 14. Ye berera kuter haya amest mengedegnoch wede megbia asra arat hidu. የበረራ፡ቁጥር፡ሃያAምስት፡መንገደኞች፡ወደ፡መግቢያ፡Aስራ፡Aራት፡ሂዱ You must pay for your ticket. Le ticket mekfel alebeh ለትኬት፡መክፈል፡Aለብህ Passengers have to wait in the waiting area. Mengedgnoch marefia bota metebek alebachewu መንገደኞች፡ማረፊያ፡ቦታ፡መጠበቅ፡Aለባቸው You have to wait for your luggage at the baggage claim area. Shanta lemeused wede shanta bota mehayd alebachwhu ሻንጣ፡ለመውሰድ፡ወደ፡ሳንጣ፡ቦታ፡መሄድ፡Eለባችሁ

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7. Fill in the blanks with the correct term from the list below. Check your work with the answer key. Attention kebran ena kebrat ክብራን፡Eና፡ክብራት Baggage claim area shanta bota ሻንጣ፡ቦታ Express fetan ፈጣን First class anedegna meareg Aንደኛ፡መAረግ Platform platform ፕላት፡ፎርም Schedule yeguzo plan የጉዞ፡ፕላን Second class huletegna meareg ሁለተኛ፡መAረግ Ticket window ticket meshecha ትኬት፡መሸጫ Gate megebia መግቢ

A. ትኬት፡ለመግዛት፡ወደ_______ሂዱ። Ticket lemegzat wede ___________________ hidu. B. ሳንጣ፡ለማግኘት፡ወደ_______ሂዱ Shanta lemagnet wede _________________hidu C. ___________!ትኬት፡ያላቸው፡መንገደኞች፡Aውቶቡስ፡መሳፈር፡Aለባችው ____________! Ticket yalachewu mengedegnoch autobos mesafer alebachwho D. ______________Eዩ፡የበረራ፡መሄጃ፡መቼ፡ኣንደሚሄድ ________________ eyou ye mehayga berera meche endemihayd E. _____________ ባቡር፡ፈጣን፡ነው፡ምክነያቱም፡ በሃገር፡ውስጥ፡Aይቆምም

____________ babour fetan newu mekneyatum buhager wost aykomem.

F. Eያንዳንዱ፡ባቡር፡የተለያየ________ይደደርሳል eyandandu babour yetleyaye_________________ yedersal G. ክብራን፡Eና፡ክብራት፡መንገደኞች! በረራ፡ቁጥር፡725 የሚሄደው፡ከ____ ኤ17 ነው kebran ena kebrat mengedegnoch ! berari kuter 725 yemihadew ke ______A17 newu

8. For each question below, there is a corresponding answer. Match them by writing the letter of each question on the blank line in front of the appropriate answer. Check your answers with the answer key.

A.ለሀገር፡ውስጥ፡ባቡር፡የት፡መግዛት፡Eችላለ? 1.Aዎ፡Eባኮት le hager wost babour ticket yet megzat echilalewu? Oewo ebakot

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B.የሚቀጥለው፡Aውቶቡስ፡ወደድሬ፡ዳዋ፡ መቼ፡ነው፡የሚሄደው?

2.የሚቀጥለው፡Aውቶቡስ፡ወደ፡ድሬ፡ዳዋ፡ ከሃያ፡ደቂቃ፡በሁዋላ፡ይሄዳል

yemiketelwew autobos wede Dire dawa meche newu yemihaydewu?

yemiketlew autobos wede Dire dawa ke haya dekika behula yehaydal

C.Aንደኛ፡መAረግ፡ትኬት፡ስንት፡ነው፡ወደ፡ ድሬ፡ዳዋ

3.ትኬት፡መሸጫ፡ከፕላት፡ፎሮም፡Aንድ፡ Aጠገብ

anedegna meareg ticket cent newu wede Dire Dawa? ticket mechecha ke platform aned ategeb. D.የመስኮት፡ወንበር፡ይፈልጋሉ? 4.ባቡር፡ከAስር፡ደቂቃ፡በሁቃ፡በሁዋላ

ፕላት፡ፎርም፡Aስራስድስት፡ይደርሳል ye meskot wenber yefelgalu? babour ke aser dekika behula platform asra

sedest yedersal. E.የት፡ፕላት፡ፎርም፡ነው፡ፈታን፡ባቡር፡ከድሬ፡ ዳዋ፡የሚደርሰው?

5.ሰላሳ፡Aራት፡ዶላር፡ነው

yet platform newu fetan babour ke Dire dawa yemidersewu?

selsa arat dollar newu

9. Role-play the short dialogues from Exercise 8. Change the cities and numbers.

10. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and determine which statement is spoken. Check your work with the answer key.

1. A You must have a ticket to board the bus. B You must have a ticket to board the ferry. 2. A I need a first-class roundtrip ticket to Frankfurt. B I need a first-class one-way ticket to Frankfurt. 3. A. The next express train will depart from platform 15 in 10 minutes. B The next local train will depart from platform 15 in 10 minutes.

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At border crossings and roadblocks

11. Listen to these new words and phrases.

Border Denber ድንበር Customs Gumruk ጉምሩክ Checkpoint Mefetesha bota መፈተሻ፡ቦታ Roadblock Zeg menged ዝግ፡መንገድ Passport Passport ፓስፖርት Drivers’ license Menga fekad መንጃ፡ፈቃድ Documents Sened ሰነድ Papers Wereket ወረቀት ID card Metawhekia wereket መታወቂያ፡ወረቀት Show me Asayegn Aሳየኝ Give me Setegn ስጠኝ Search Mefeleg ማፈለግ Inspect/inspection Mefetesh/fetesha መፈተሽ/ፍተሻ Trunk (of a car) Kofen ኮፈን Proceed Elef (ketel) Eለፍ Rental (car) Kiray mekina ኪራይ፡መኪና Citizen Zega ዜጋ

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12. At roadblocks and border crossings, officials usually ask questions about driver identification and vehicle documents. Try to match up the Amharic border crossing requests and questions with their English equivalents. Check the answer key. 1. የመንጂያ፡ ፈቃድAሳየኝ A Give me your driver’s license. Yemenejia fekade asayegn 2. ፓስፖርት፡ (መታወቂያ)Aሳየኝ B Do you have an ID card? Passport setegn (asayegn) 3. ከየት፡ነህ/ነሽ? C Why do you need to go there? Ke yet neh (M) nesh(F)? 4. Eዛ፡ለምን፡መሄድ፡ያስፈልግሃል? D Show me your car papers. Eza lemin mehayd yasfelghal? 5. መንጃ፡ፈቃድ፡ስጠኝ/Aሳየኝ? E Give me your passport. Menga fekad setegn (asayegn)? 6. መታወቂያ፡ወረቀት፡Aለህ? F Where are you from? Metawekia wereket aleh?

13. Listen to and read the following dialogue at a border crossing, and then answer the questions below. Try to guess the meaning of unknown words from the context. Check your work with the answer key. Denber tekotatari: passport ena menga fekad ebakot setugn? ድንበር፡ተቆጣጣሪ፡ ፓስፖርት፡Eና፡መንጃ፡ፈቃድ፡ስጡኝ? Mekina negi: eshe መኪና፡ነጂ Eሺ CO: ye America zega not?/የAሜሪካ፡ዜጋ፡ኖት? CD: Oewo./Aዎ CO: ye mekina wereket alot?/የመኪና፡ወረቀት፡Aሎት? CD: Oewo yehay ye kiray mekina newu/Aዎ፡ይሄ፡የኪራይ፡መኪና፡ነው CO: wedat newu yemethaydut?/ወዴት፡ነው፡የምትሄዱት? CD: Adwa, Tigray./Aድዋ፡ትግራይ CO: cent gezai tekoyalachew?/ስንት፡ግዜ፡ትቆያላችሁ? CD: aser ken/Aሰር፡ቀን CO: eza menn taregalachehu?/Eዛ፡ምን፡ታደርጋላችሁ? CD: baitseb le megobgnet/ቤተሰብ፡ለመጎብኘት CO: ebakot kofen kefetu. Mefetesh aleben/Eባኮን፡ኮፈን፡ክፈቱ፡መፈተሽ፡ Aለብን CD: eshe/Eሺ CO: eshe , egzair yestelegn. Meketel yechalal./Eሺ፡Eግዜር፡ይስጥልኝ፡ መቀጠል፡ይቻላል

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A. Where is the driver from? B. Does the driver own the vehicle he is driving? C. Where is the driver going? D. Why is he going there? E. How long will he be there? F. What does the guard ask the driver to do at the end? G. Why? 14. Work with a partner. Take turns role-playing the Customs Official and the Car Driver.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the answer key. A. derso melse wede Bahir darr efelgalewu ebakot? Yemehaydew hidar asra hulet ena yememetaw be tahsas sost meskot ategeb wenber efelgalewu. ደርሶ፡መልስ፡ወደባህር፡ዳር፡Eፈልጋለሁ፡Eባኮት? የምሄደው፡ህዳር፡Aስራ፡ሁለት፡Eና፡የምመጣው፡በታህሳስ፡ሶስት፡ነው፡መስኮት፡ Aጠገብ፡ኣፈልጋልሁ B. fetan babour ale? ፈጣን፡ባቡር፡Aለ? C. ye awasa autobos ke yet platform newu yemihaydewu? የAዋሳ፡ከየት፡ፕላት፡ፎርም፡ነው፡የሚሄደው? D. babour selasa arat platform sost ke amest dekika behuala yehaydal. ባቡር፡ሰላሳ፡Aራት፡ፕላት፡ፎርም፡ሶስት፡ከAምስት፡ደቂቃ፡በሁዋላ፡ይሄዳል 2. Complete the dialogues. Check your work with the answer key. A. - ticket meshecha wede eza newu? - …………………………………. ትኬት፡መሸጫ፡ወደEዛ፡ነው? B. - shanta bota yehay newu? - …………………………………. ሻንጣ፡ቦታ፡ይሄ፡ነው? C. - metebekia bota yet newu? - …………………………………. መጠበቂያ፡ቦታ፡የት፡ነው? D. –megbai kuter asra amest yet newu? - …………………………………. መግቢያ፡ቁጥር፡Aስራ፡Aምስት፡ነው?

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3. Work with a partner or in a small group. Look at the pictures and come up with the story. Do you think these people are arriving or departing? Do you think they are on time? Is their flight late? Mention their names, ages, professions, what they are wearing, and where and why they need to fly or where they are arriving from. Also, tell how they got to the airport (by car, by bus, by train).

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Vocabulary List Arriving/Arrivals Medres/ derash

megedegnoch መድረስ/ደራሽ፡መንገደኞች

Attention Asteule Aስተውል Baggage Shanta ሻንጣ Border Denber ድንበር Bus station Autobos fermata Aውቶቡስ Checked Mefetesh መፈተሽ Checkpoint Yefetaesha bota የፍተሻ፡ቦታ Citizen Zyga ዜጋ Customs Gumruk ጉምሩክ Delay/ed Marfed ማርፈድ Departing/Departures Heyage ሂያጅ Documents sened ሰነድ Driver’s license menga fekad መንጃ፡ፈቃድ Express Fetan ፈጣን First class Andegna me-areg Aንደኛ፡መAረግ Flight Berera በረራ Fly Mebrer መብረር Give me … Setun ስጡኝ ID card Metawekia (metawekia

wereket) መታወቂያ፡ወረቀት

Inspect Memermer (mefetesh) መመርመር/መፈተሸ Inspection Memera (fetesha) መርመራ/ፈተሻ Inspector Tekotatari (mermari)

police ተቆጣጣሪ/መርማሪ፡ፖሊስ

Late mezegyet መዘግየት One-way Mehayga/memcha becha መሄጃ/መምጫ፡ብቻ On time Bu se-at በሰAት Papers Wereket ወረቀት Passenger Mengedegna መንገደኛ Passport Passport ፓስፖርት Platform platform ፕላትፎርም Proceed kettle ቀጥል Rental car Yemekina keray የመኪና፡ክራይ Roadblock Kelkel menged ክልክል፡መንገድ Roundtrip Derso melse ደርሶ፡መልስ Schedule Yeguzo plan programm የጉዞ፡ፕላን Second class Huletegna me-areg ሁለተኛ፡መAረግ Show me … Asayegn Aሳየኝ Terminal terminal ተርሚናል Ticket Ticket ትኬት

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Ticket window Ticket korach ትኬት፡ቆራጭ To board Mesafer መሳፈር To leave mehayd መሄድ To return/come back memeless መመለስ Train station Babour tabia ባቡር Trunk (of a car) Kofen ኮፈን Update massaddes ማሳደስ Waiting area Metebekai bota መጠበቂያ፡ቦታ Window seat Meskot ategeb መስኮት፡Aጠገብ

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Answer Key 7.

G. Go to the ticket window to buy the tickets. H. You can get your baggage at baggage claim. I. Attention! All passengers must have a ticket to board the bus. J. Check the schedule to find out when your flight departs. K. The express train is fast because it does not make local stops. L. Each train arrives at a different platform.

G Attention, passengers! Flight #725 is departing from gate A17. A. Ticket lemegzat wede ticket meshecha hidu. ትኬት፡ለመግዛት፡ወደትኬት፡መሸጫሂዱ።

B . Shanta lemagnet wede shanta bota hidu ሳንጣ፡ለማግኘት፡ወደሻንጣ፡ቦታሂዱ C. Kebran ena kebrat! Ticket yalachew mengedegnoch autobos

mesafer alebachwho ክብራን፡Eና፡ክብራት!ትኬት፡ያላቸው፡መንገደኞች፡Aውቶቡስ፡መሳፈር፡Aለባችው D. Yeguzo plan eyou ye mehayga berera meche endemihayd የጉዞ፡ፕላን፡Eዩ፡የበረራ፡መሄጃ፡መቼ፡ኣንደሚሄድ E. Fetan babour fetan neo mekneyatum buyehar wost aykomem.

ፈጣን፡ባቡር፡ፈጣን፡ነው፡ምክነያቱም፡ በሃገር፡ውስጥ፡Aይቆምም F .Eyandandu babour yetleyaye platform yedersal Eያንዳንዱ፡ባቡር፡የተለያየፕላትፎርምይደደርሳል

G. Kebran ena kebrat mengedegnoch ! berari kuter 725 yemihadew ke megbia A17 neo ክብራን፡Eና፡ክብራት፡መንገደኞች! በረራ፡ቁጥር፡725 የሚሄደው፡ከሄጃኤ17 ነው 8.

A. Where can I buy a local train ticket? B. When is the next bus to Dere Dawa? C. How much is a first class ticket to Dere Dawa? D. Do you want a window seat? E. From which platform is the express train from Dere Dawa arriving? 1. D Yes, please 2. B The next bus to Dere Dawa departs in 20 minutes. 3. A At the ticket window next to platform one. 4. E That train will arrive at platform 16 in ten minutes.

5. C It is 64 dollars

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10.

1. A. Aውቶቡስ፡ለመሳፈር፡ትኬት፡ያስፈልጋል autobos lemesafer ticket yasfelgal. You must have a ticket to board the bus. 2. A. Aንደኛ፡መAረግ፡ደርሶ፡መልስ፡ትኬት፡ለፍራንክ፡ፈርት፡Eፈልጋለሁ anedgna meareg derso melse ticket le Frankfurt efelgalew

I need a first-class roundtrip ticket to Frankfurt. 3. B. የሚቀጥለው፡ያገር፡ውስጥ፡ባቡር፡ፕላት፡ፎርም፡Aስራ፡Aምስት፡ከAሰር፡ደቂቃ፡ በሁዋላ፡ይሄዳል

Yemiketlew yagerwost babour platform asra amest ke aser dekika behuala Yehaydal. B The next local train will depart from platform 15 in 10 minutes.

12. 1. D 2. E 3. F 4. C 5. A 6. B

13. Customs Official: Give me your passport and driver’s license. Car Driver: OK. CO: Are you a U.S. citizen? CD: Yes. CO: Do you have papers for this car? CD: Yes. It is a rental car. CO: Where are you going? CD: Adwa, Tigray. CO: How long will you be there? CD: Ten days. CO: What will you do there? CD: I will visit my family. CO: Please open the trunk. We need to do an inspection. CD: OK. CO: OK, thank you. You may proceed.

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A. Where is the driver from? U.S. B. Does the driver own the vehicle he is driving? No, it is a rental car. C. Where is the driver going? Adwa, Tigray. D. Why is he going there? To visit family E. How long will he be there? Ten days F. What does the guard ask the driver to do at the end? Open the trunk G. Why? To do an inspection End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. A. I need to buy a roundtrip ticket to Baher darr, please. I leave on November 12 and return on December 3. I want a window seat. B. Is this an express train? C. What platform does the bus to Awasa leave from? D. Train 34 is departing from platform three in five minutes. 2. A. - Is the ticket window that way? - ……yes it is ……………………………. B. - Is this the baggage claim area? - ……no it is not……………………………. C. - Do you know where the waiting area is? - ……it is next the bar……………………………. D. - Where is gate number 15?

- ……it’s next to the ticket counter. A- ticket meshecha wede eza neo? - auo neo ትኬት፡መሸጫ፡ወደ፡Eዛ፡ነው? Aዎ፡ነው B. - shanta bota yehay neo? - I ayedelem ሻንጣ፡ቦታ፡ይሄ፡ነው? Aይ፡Aይደለም C. - metebekia bota yet neo? - e buan baitu ategeb neo

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መጠበቂያ፡ቦታ፡የት፡ነው? ከቡና፡ቤቱ፡Aጠገብ፡ነው D. –megbai kuter asra amest yet neo? -ke ticket meshecha ategeb neo… መግቢያ፡ቁጥር፡Aስራ፡Aምስት፡የት፡ነው? ከትኬት፡መሸጫ፡Aጠገብ፡ነው

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Lesson 15 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ትምህርት፡ቤት Temehert Bait

At School

This lesson will introduce you to: - the vocabulary related to classroom activities - the vocabulary related to being a student - the education system in Ethiopia.

The education system in Ethiopia is the same as the education system in America. It goes from first grade to 12th grade, taught in English. Education is not compulsory; those who attend do so by the choice of the family. It depends on their socioeconomic status and whether they live near a school. Most people who live in rural areas in Ethiopia, which is the majority of the population, have no education. In Addis Ababa, there are two state-owned universities and several private small colleges and universities. The students in Ethiopia study the same subjects required to pass a high school exam, such as math, English, biology etc. The academic standards are high and students are expected to work hard.

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1. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and read the following text under each of the pictures.

A student writes on the blackboard with chalk.

A student raises her hand to ask a question.

A teacher teaches students math.

Temariwa tikur selieda lie tesefalech

Temariwa eguan ansetalech teyake lemeteyek

Astemariwu le temariwoch hisab yastemera

ተማሪዋ፡ብላክ፡ቦርድ፡ላይ፡ ትጽፋለች

ተማሪዋ፡Eጁዋን፡Aንስታለች፡ ትያቄ፡ለመጠየቅ

Aስተማሪው፡ለተማሪዎች፡ ሂሳብ፡ያስተምራል

Students study chemistry in

middle school. First-grade students read a

textbook. Students will study art in this

class. Temariwoch mekakelgna

derega lie chemistry yemaralu Ye anedgna kefel temariwoch

metsehaf yanebalu Temariwoch senetibeb

yemaralu ተማሪዎች፡መካከለኛ፡ደረጃ፡ላይ፡

ኬምስትሪ፡ይማራሉ የAንደኛ፡ክፍል፡ተማሪዎች፡

መፀሃፍ፡ያነባሉ ተማሪዎች፡ስነጥበብ፡ይማራሉ

There is a book, a notebook,

and a calculator. There is a desk and a chair in

the classroom. Students write with pens and

pencils. Mesehaf debter ena calculator

ale Desk ena wenber kefel wost

ale Temariwoch bu eskiribtp ena

ersas yesefalu መጸሃፍ፡ደብተር፡Eና፡ካልኩሌትር

Aለ ዴስክ፡Eና፡ወንበር፡ክፈል፡ውስጥ

Aለ ተማሪዎች፡በEስኪሪብቶ፡Eና

Eርሳስ፡ይጽፋሉ

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2. Work with a partner. Look around the classroom. Name the items you see. Class Kifel ክፍል Desk Desk ዴስክ Chair Wenber ወንበር Black board Tikur selieda ብላክ፡ቦርድ Chalk Chalk ቾክ Pen Eskirbito Eስክርቢቶ Pencil Ersas Eርሳስ Notebook Debter ደብተር Computer Computer ኮምፒውተር Printer Printer ፕሪንተር Keyboard Keyboard ኪቦርድ Monitor Moniter ሞኒተር Teacher Astemari Aስተማሪ student Temari ተማሪ 3. Working with a partner, name the items you bring with you to class and the items found in your classroom.

Computer ኮምፒውተር

Tikur selieda ብላክቦርድ

Yealem karta Aለም

Mesehaf መፀሃፍ

Calculator ካልኩሌተር

Tape ቴፕ

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4. Listen to the dialogue while you read along in the workbook. Underline the new vocabulary. What is your name? My name is Yemmane. Semeh mann newu? seme Yemmane newu ስምህ፡ማን፡ነው? ስሜ፡የማነ፡ነው How old are you? I am 16 years old. Cent ameth newu ene asra sedest amete newu ስንት፡Aመትህ፡ነው? Eኔ፡Aራ፡ስድስት፡Aመቴ፡ነው What grade are you in? I am in 10th grade. Centgna kefel neh? Ene asergna kefil negn ስንተኛ፡ክፍል፡ነህ? Eኔ፡Aስረኛ፡ክፍል፡ነኝ What subjects do you study? Math, biology, music, literature, and history. Menn aynet subject newu yemetatenawu hisab,biology,muzika,ena tarik ምን፡Aይነት፡ሳብጀክት፡ነው፡የምታጠናው ሂሳብ፡ባዮሎጂ፡ሙዚቃ፡Eና፡ታሪክ What is your favorite subject? My favorite subject is biology. Menn subject newu yemetwedewu? Yemwedew subject biology newu. ምን፡ሳብጀክት፡ነው፡የምትወደው? የምወደው፡ሳብጀክት፡ባዮሎጂ፡ነው 4a. Translate the following dialogue into English. Check your work with the Answer Key. Teru temari neh? Auo teru temari negn ጥሩ፡ተማሪ፡ነህ? Aዎ፡ጥሩ፡ተማሪ፡ነኝ Ketemehert behuala menn taregalh? Ene college haydalew doctor mehon felgalew ከትምህርት፡በሁዋላ፡ምን፡ታደርጋለህ? Eኔ፡ኮሌጅ፡ሄዳለሁ፡ዶክተር፡መሆን፡ፈልጋለሁ Ketemehrtbait beheual menn taregalh? Ketemhertbait beheuala muzika mesmat wedalwu ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ምን፡ታደርጋለህ? ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ሙዚቃ፡መስማት፡ወዳለሁ

5. Read the list of new words you should have underlined in Exercise 4. Grade kefel ክፍል Favorite yemewedew የምወደው Subject subject ሳብጀክት Math hisab ሂሳብ Biology biology ባዮሎጂ Music musika ሙዚቃ

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Literature sene tibeb ስነጥበብ History tarik ታሪክ College college ኮሌጅ Like mewded መውደድ Listen to mesmat መስማት Study the use of the term “to like.” Format in Amharic. who+noun+infinitive+the form to like Abebe hisab matnat yewedal. Abebe likes to study math. Aበበ፡ሂሳብ፡ይወዳል Hiwot muskia mesmat tewedalech Hiwot likes listening to music. ሂወት፡ሙዚቃ፡መስማት፡ትወዳለች 6. Work with a partner. Come up with a dialogue similar to the one in Exercise 4. List your favorite subjects, say how good you think you are at each of them, tell what profession you are going to choose, and say what you like to do after school.

7. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker as you go over the dialogue. A. Listen to the recording and take notes. Yetekedawen semu ean masetawesha safu Aተቀዳውን፡ስሙ፡Eና፡ኖት፡ፃፉ B. Put your pencils down. Ersas askemtu Eርሳስ፡Aስቀምጡ C. Write your answer on the blackboard. Mels -achehun tikur selieda lie safu መልሳችሁን፡ብላክ፡ቦርድ፡ላይ፡ፃፉ D. Open your textbooks. Debter-achehun geletu ደብተራችሁን፡ግላጡ E. Raise your hand if you have a question. Teyake kalachehu Eje-achehun ansu ጥያቄ፡ካላችሁ፡Eጃችሁን፡Aንሱ

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F. Write down your homework, please. Ye bait sera-chehun safu bakachehu የቤት፡ስራችሁን፡ፃፉ፡ባካችሁን 8. Role-play a teacher. Have the students follow your directions. Use the expressions from Exercise 7.

9. Listen to the following questions and mark the answers that you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. What do you do at school? A. I read the textbooks at school. B. I write letters and numbers in Amharic. C. I study many subjects. 2. What grade are you in? A. I am in 5th grade. B. I am in 6th grade. C. I am in 8th grade. 3. What subjects are you studying? A. Math, Amharic, science, geography, and English. B. Math, history, science, geography, and English. C. Math, chemistry, science, geography, and English. 4. What is your favorite subject? A. English B. Geography C. Science 5. Are you a good student? A. I’m very good at English, but I’m bad at math. B. I’m very good at geography, but I’m bad at math. C. I’m very good at chemistry, but I’m bad at math. 10. Working with a partner, come up with similar dialogues using expressions from Exercise 9. 11. Working in small groups, describe the following pictures. Come up with ages for the students and the teacher, their names, the subjects they study/teach, what they’re doing right now, what they are wearing, if they seem to like their class and their teacher, etc.

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12. Listen to and read the following text about the student’s schedule, and then answer the questions below. There will be the new word “busy” in the text. Try to guess the meaning from the context: “I have a busy schedule. I work six hours every day, and I have six classes at school every day.” Did you guess what “busy schedule" means? Good job! ስሜ፡ብርሃኔ፡Aሰፋ፡ነው።Eኔ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ዩኒቨርስቲ፡ተማሪ፡ነኝ፡Eኔ፡Eንግሊዘኛ፡Aተናለሁ፡ Eኔ፡Aስተርጉዋሚ፡መሆን፡Eፈልጋለሁ፡ኣኔ፡ብዙ፡ስራ፡Aለኝ፡ሰኞ፡Eሮብ፡Eና፡Aርብ፡ትምህርት፡ ቤት፡Eሄዳለሁ።Eኔበስምንት፡ሰAት፡ትምህርት፡ቤት፡Eሄዳለሁ፡ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡በAራ፡ት ሰAት፡ስራ፡ሄዳለሁ።Eኔ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ውስት፡Aስተናጋጅ፡ነኝ።ከስራ፡በሁዋላ፡በAሰር፡ሰAትቤት፡ሄዳለው።ማክሰኞ፡Eና፡ሃቡስ፡በAስር፡ሰAት፡ክፍል፡Eሄዳለሁ።ከትምሀርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ላይብረሪ፡ሄዳለው። Eኔ፡ላይብረሪ፡ውስጥ፡ሶሰAት፡ከሰAት፡ሰራለው፡የቤት፡ስራ፡ቅዳሜ፡Eና፡Eሁድ፡Eና፡ጠዋት፡ሰራለሁ።

A. What is the student’s name? B. Where does he/she go to school? C. What does he/she study? D. What is his/her schedule on Monday, Wednesday and Friday? E. What is his/her schedule on Tuesday and Thursday? F. Does the student have a job? G. When does the student do homework? H. What does the student want to do after finishing school?

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Go over the text from Exercise 12 again. Tell the class about your schedule. Use the questions after the text as an outline for your story. 2. Look at the pictures and say what you see. Include the grade the students are in, the subjects they are studying, what the teacher is doing, what the students and teachers are wearing, etc.

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Vocabulary List Art Sene tibeb ስነጥበብ Basketball Basketball ባስኬት፡ቦል Biology Biology ባዮሎጂ Blackboard Tikur selieda ትቁር ሰሌዳ Chair Wenber ወንበር Chalk Chalk ቾክ Chemistry chemistry ኬምስትሪ Class kefell ክፍል College/University College/university ኮሌጅ/ዩኒቭርሲቲ Computer computer ኮምፒውተር Desk desk ዴስክ Elementary School Andegna derega Aንደኛ፡ደረጃ English English( engelizegna) Eንጊልዘኛ Grade Wetait ውጤት High School Huletegna derega ሁለተኛ፡ደረጃ History History(tarik) (ሂስትሪ) ታሪክ Homework Yebait sera የቤት፡ስራ Literature Sine tibeb ስነ፡ጥበብ Math Hisab ሂሳብ Middle School Mekakelegna derega መካከለኛ፡ደረጃ Music Musika ሙዚቃ Notebook Debter ደብተር Pen Skirbito ስኪርቢቶ Pencil Ersas Eርሳስ Photography Photography ፎቶግራፊ Reading Nebab ነባብ Student Temari ተማሪ Subject(s) Ye temherit aynet የትመህርት፡Aይነት Tape recorder Tape yemikeda ቴፕ፡የሚቀዳ Teacher Astemari Aስተማሪ To like Meuded መውደድ To read Manbeb መንበብ To study Matnat መጥናት To write metsaf ማፃፍ Listen to the recording and take notes. Yetekedawen semu ena

Masetawesha safu የተቀዳውን፡ሰሙ፡Eና፡ማስታወሻ፡ፃፉ

Put your pencils down. Ersas-achehun askemtu Eርሳስችሁን፡Aስቀምጡ Write your answer on the blackboard. Melse blackboard lie safu መልስ፡ጥቁረ ሰሌዳ፡ላይ፡ፃፉ Open your textbooks. Debter geletu ደብተር፡ግለጡ Raise your hand! Ege ansu Eጅ፡Aንሱ Write down your homework, please. Yebait sera safu የቤት፡ስራ፡ፃፉ

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Answer Key 4a. Are you a good student? Yes, I’m a good student. Teru temari neh? Auo teru temari negn ጥሩ፡ተማሪ፡ነህ? Aዎ፡ጥሩ፡ተማሪ፡ነኝ What will you do after school? I will go to college; I want to be a doctor. Ketemehert behuala menn taregalh? Ene college haydalew doctor mehon felgalew ከትምህርት፡በሁዋላ፡ምን፡ታደርጋለህ? Eኔ፡ኮሌጅ፡ሄዳለሁ፡ዶክተር፡መሆን፡ፈልጋለሁ What do you like to do after school? After school I like to listen to music Ketemehrtbait beheual menn taregalh? Ketemhertbait beheuala muzika mesmat wedalwu ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ምን፡ታደርጋለህ? ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ሙዚቃ፡መስማት፡ወዳለሁ 9. 1. What do you do at school? ትምህርት፡ቤት፡ምን፡ትሰራለህ? temhert bait menn teseraleh? C. I study many subjects. Eኔ፡ብዙ፡ሰብጀክት፡Aጠናለሁ ene bezu subject atenalewu 2. What grade are you in? ስንተኛ፡ክፈል፡ነህ? centegna kefel neh? B. I am in 6th grade. ene sedestegna kefel negn Eኔ፡ስድስተኛ፡ክፍል፡ንኝ 3. What subjects are you studying? menn subject eyatenah newu? ምን፡ሳብጀክት፡ነው፡የምታጠናው? A. Math, Amharic, science, geography, and English. hisab, Amaregna, science, geography, ena Engelizegna. ሂሳብ፡Aማርኛ፡ሳይንስ፡ጂኣግራፊ፡Eና፡Eንግሊዘኛ 4. What is your favorite subject? yemetwedew subject menden neo? የምትወደው፡ሳብጀክት፡ምንድን፡ነው? B. Geography Geography ጂOግራፊ

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5. Are you a good student? ante teru temari neh? Aንተ፡ጥሩ፡ተማሪ፡ነህ? C. I’m very good at chemistry, but I’m bad at math. ene be chemistry betam teru negn genn be hisab metfo negn Eኔ፡በኬምስተሪ፡በጣም፡ጥሩ፡ነኝ፡ግን፡በሂሳብ፡መጥፎ፡ነኝ 12. My name is Berhane Assefa. I am a student at Addis Abeba University. I study English. I want to be an interpreter. I have a busy schedule. On Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, I go to school at 8:00. After school, at 4:00 p.m., I go to work. I work at a restaurant as a waiter/waitress. After work, at 10 p.m., I go home. On Tuesday and Thursday, I go to class at 10 a.m. After school, at 12:00, I go to the library. I work at the library three hours in the afternoon. I do my homework on the weekends and in the mornings. Seme Berhane Assefa newu. ene Addis Abeba University temari negn. Ene engelizegna atenalewu. Ene asterguami mehon felegalew. Ene bezu sera alegn. segno, erob, ena areb tmehert bait haydalewu.ene be sement se-at temhert bait haydalew. Ke temehrt bit behaula be arat se-at sear haydalewu. Ene megeb bait wost astenagage negn .ke sera behuala bu aser se-at bait haydadlew maksegno ena hamus bu aser se-at kefel haydalewu.ke tehert bait behaula library haydalewu. Ene library wost sost se-at kes-at seralewu .ye bait sera kedame ena ehud ena teuat seralewu. A. What is the student’s name? Her name is Berhane Assefa. B. Where does she go to school? She goes to Addis Abeba University. C. What does she study? She studies English. D. What is her school schedule on Monday, Wednesday and Friday? She goes to school from 8:00am until 4:00pm. E. What is her schedule on Tuesday and Thursday? She goes to class at 10am then at 12:00 she goes to the library to study for three hours. F. What job does she have and when does she work? She works as a waitress in restaurant from 4:00 to 10:00pm on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. G. When does the student do homework? She does homework on weekends and in the mornings. H. What does the student want to do after finishing school? She wants to be an interpreter.

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Lesson 16 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 መዝናኛ፡Eና፡የመዝናኛ፡ግዜ

Meznagna ena ye meznagna gezai Recreation and Leisure

This lesson will introduce you to: - vocabulary related to recreational and leisure activities - ways to discuss hobbies in Amharic. 1. Read the sentences with the new vocabulary and try to guess the meaning of unknown words.

ሴትየው፡Eና፡ሰውየው፡ይደንሳሉ፡ የነሱ፡ሆቢ፡ነው Sewyew ena saityewa yedensalu. Yenesu hobby newu

Eሷ፡ሙዚቃ፡ተጫዋች፡ናት፡ ፒያኖ፡ተጫዋች፡ሙዚቃ፡ ዝግጅት፡ላይ፡ትጫወታለች Esua muzika techawach nat. piano techawach muzika zegeget lie techawetalech

Eሱ፡ፎቶ፡ያነሳል፡ Eሱ፡ፎቶ፡Aንሺ፡

ነው Esu photo yanesal.esu

photo anshi newu

ይሄ፡Aንድሩ፡ነው፡የሱ፡ሆቢ፡ኩዋስ

መጫወት፡ነው Yehay andrew newu. yesu hobby

quas mechawet nowu

ሰውየው፡ተራራ፡ላይ፡ስኪ፡ያረጋል የሱ፡ሆቢ፡ስኪ፡ማረግ፡ነው

Sewyew terara lie ski yaregal. Yesu hobby ski mareg newu

የኔ፡ጉዋደኛ፡ሳንዲ፡ ከክፍል፡በሁዋላ፡ከሰAት

ትሮጣለች Yene guadegna sandy ke kefel behual kese-

at terotalech

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ወንድሜ፡ቦሊንግ፡ይወዳል፡ይሄ፡ነው

የሱ፡ሆቢ Wendeme bowling yewedal. Yehay

newu yesu hobby

Aየሩ፡ጥሩ፡ቢሆን፡ልጆች፡ሁል ግዜ፡ይዋኛሉ

Ayearu teru behon lejoch hulegize yewagnalu

ይሄ፡ወጣት፡ልጅ ቴኒስ፡ይጫወታል

Yehay wetat lej court lie tennis yechawetal

የኔ፡Eህት፡ስEል፡መሳል፡ትወዳለች

Yene ehit se-el mesal tewedalech

ወታደሮች፡ድንኩዋን፡ዎስጥ ካርታ፡ይችወታሉ።Eነሱ ካርታ፡መቻወት፡ይወዳሉ

Wetaderoch denkuan wost carta yechawetalu.Enesu carta

mechawet yewedalu

ባል፡Eና፡ሚስት፡ሁሌ፡ ማታ፡በEግር፡ይሄዳሉ Balle ena mist hule

Mata bu egir yehaydalu

ሁለት፡ወታደሮች፡ቼስ፡ይጫወታሉ።የነሱ፡ሆቢ፡ነው

Hulet wetderoch chess yechawetalu .yenesu hobby newu

የሄ፡ሰውየ፡ጊታር፡ይጫወታል፡Eና፡ይዘፍናል Yehay sewyae guitar yechawetal ena yezefnal

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2. Now listen to the speaker. Check to see if your guesses were correct. Repeat the new words as many times as you need to, in order to feel comfortable with pronunciation. Play Mechawet መጫወት Cards Carta ካርታ To ski Ski amdreg ስኪ፡ማድረግ Hobby Hobby ሆቢ To dance Medense መደነስ Tennis Tennis ቴኒስ Tennis court Tennis medat ቴኒስ፡ሜዳ Play piano Piano mecahwet ፒያኖ፡መጫወት Musician Muzkikegna ሙዚቀኛ To take pictures Photo meused ፎቶ፡መውሰድ Photographer Photo anshi ፎቶ፡Aንሺ To play guitar Guitar mecahwet ጊታር፡መጫወት To sing Mezfen ዘፈን Songs Zefenoch ዘፈኖች Chess Chess ቼስ To walk Meramed መራመድ To swim Mewagnet መዋኘት Swimming pool Wana botta ዋና፡ቦታ To run Merot መሮጥ To bowl Bowling ቦሊንግ Soccer Quas (football) ኩዋስ To paint Mesal መሳል

3. Listen to the dialogues as you read them. 1. What will they do after school? A. They will swim after school. ketemhert bait behual menn teseralhe? ketemhert bait behual wana yehadalu ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ምን፡ትሰራለህ? ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ዋና፡ሄዳለው B. They will dance after school. ketemhert bait behuala yedensalu ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ይደንሳሉ C. They will sing after school. ketemhert bait behuala yezefnalu ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ይዘፍናሉ 2. What sports does he play? A. He plays soccer and basketball. esu menn ayenet sport yechawetal? esu quas ena basketball yechawetal

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Eሱ፡ምን፡Aይነት፡ስፖርት፡ይጫወታል Eሱ፡ኩዋስ፡Eና፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡ይጫወታል B. He plays soccer and volleyball. esu quas ena volleyball yechawetal Eሱ፡ኩዋስ፡Eና፡ቮሊቦል፡ይጫወታል C. He plays soccer and tennis. esu quas ena tennis yechawetal Eሱ፡ኩዋስ፡Eና፡ቴኒስ፡ይጫወታል 3. What does she do today? A. She sings songs. esua menn taregalech zarai? esua zefen tezefnalch. Eሷ፡ምን፡ታረጋለች፡ዛሬ? Eሷ፡ዘፈን፡ትዘፍናለች B. She paints pictures. esua se-el teselalech Eሷ፡ስEል፡ትስላለች C. She takes pictures. esua photo tanesalech. Eሷ፡ፎቶ፡ታነሳለች 4. Do you play chess? A. Yes, I play chess. ante chess techawetalh? auo, ene chess echawetalwu Aንተ፡ቼስ፡ትጫወታለህ? Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ቼስ፡Eጫወታለሁ Do you play guitar? B. No, I play the piano. anchi guitar techawetalesh? I , ene piano echawetalwu Aንቺ፡ጊታር፡ትጫወቻለሽ? Aይ፡Eኔ፡ፒያኖ፡Eጫወታለሁ Do you play piano? C. Yes, I play the piano. ante piano techawetalh? auo ene piano echawetalwu Aንተ፡ፒያኖ፡ትጫወታለህ? Aዎ፡Eኔፒያኖ፡ጫወታለሁ 5. What are your hobbies? A. I like to run and take pictures. yante hobby menden newu? ene merot ena photo mansat wedalewu ያንተ፡ሆቢ፡መንድን፡ነው? Eኔ፡መሮጥ፡Eና፡ፍቶ፡ማንሳት፡ወዳልው B. I like to read and swim. ene manbeb ena mewagnet wedalewu Eኔ፡ማንበብ፡Eና፡መዋኘት፡ወዳለው C. I like to walk and play soccer ne bu egir mehayd ena quas mecahwet

wedalewu Eኔ፡በEግር፡መሄድ፡Eና፡ኩዋስ፡መጫወት፡ወዳለው 4. Work with a partner. Take turns reading the dialogues in Exercise 3. 5. Work with a partner or in a small group. Make up exchanges using the models and phrases from Exercise 3.

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6. Reconstruct the questions. Check your work with the answer key. A. - …………………….?

- Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ቼስ፡Eጫወታለሁ oewu ene chess echawetalewu.

B. - …………………….?

- Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ፒያኖ፡Eጫወታለሁ oewu ene piano echawetalewu.

C. -……………………? - የኔ፡ሆቢ፡መሮጥ፡Eና፡ፎቶ፡ማንሳት፡ነው yene hobby merot ena photo mansat newu D. - ……………………? - Eሱ፡ኩዋስ፡Eና፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡ይጫወታል esu quas ena basketball yechawetal

E. - ……………………? - የኔ፡ሆቢ፡ማንበብ፡Eና፡መዋኝት፡ነው yene hobby manbeb ena mewagnet newu F. - …………………….? - Eሷ፡በEግር፡መሄድ፡Eና፡ጊታር፡መጫወት፡ትወዳለች esua bu egir mehaid ena guitar mechawet tewedalech 7. Read the following text, noting the new vocabulary. Check the grammar note for some explanations. From - ke Eske - to “Also” and “too” are the same in Amharic. Too - simply add the sound “M” at the end of a word. Example: I work from Monday to Friday. In Amharic the form is: subject + from + time + to + time + infinitive verb ene ke segno eske areb seralwe Eኔ፡ከሰኞ፡Eስከ፡Aርብ፡ሰራለው The form “too” is used as follows: who + too + infinitive/person Enem merot wedalew./I like running too. (Notice the letter -m added at the end of Ene.) Eኔም፡መሮጥ፡ወዳለው

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ስሜ፡ብርሃኔ፡Aሉላ፡ነው።Eኔ፡ዩኒቲ፡ኮሌጅ፡Eሄዳለሁ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ሸዋ፡ውስጥ፡ነው።Eኔ፡ብዙ፡ስራ Aለኝ፡ክፍል፡Eና፡ሆቢየ።Eኔ፡ኮምፒውተር፡ሳይንስ፡Aጠናለሁ፡Eና፡ለዩኒቨርስቲ፡ቡድን፡ኩዋስ፡ Eጫወታሁ።Eኔ፡ክፍል፡ከ8.30 Eስከ፡3.00 ሰAት፡Aለኝ፡Eኔ፡ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋል፡ኩዋስ፡ ልምምድ፡ሁሌ፡ከ4.00 Eስከ፡6.00 Aለን።Eኔ፡ኩዋስ፡መጭወት፡ወዳለሁ፡የኔ፡ጉዋደኞ፡Eና፡Eኔ፡ ቅዳሜ፡Eና፡Eሁድ፡ጭምር፡Eንጫወታለን፡Eኔ፡ዋና፡መዋኝት፡Eና፡ጊታር፡መጭወት፡Eወዳለሁ፡ Eኔ፡ጊታር፡ጥሩ፡Eጫወታለሁ፡ይሄ፡ቅዳሜ፡Eና፡Eሁድ፡Eኔ፡Eና፡ጉዋደኞቼ፡የዘፈን፡ዝግጅት፡ ስታዲየም፡ደብረ፡ብርሃን፡Eንሄዳለን።Eኛ፡የምንወዳት፡ዘፋኝ፡Eዛ፡ትኖራለች፡ከዘፈን፡ዝግጅት፡ በሁዋላ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ሄደን፡ራት፡Eንበላለን። Seme Berhane Alula neo.ene ke Dire Dawa. Ene Unity college ehaydalew Addis abeba , shewa wost. Ene bezu sera alegn kefill ena hobby . ene computer science atenalew ena le university quas budin echawetalew . ene kefel ke 8.30 eske ke 3.00 se-at alegn. ene ke temhirt behuala quas lememed hule ke 4.00 eske 6.00 alegn . ene quas mechawet wedalewu . yene guadegnoch ena ene kedame ena ehud chemer enechawetalen. ene wana –m mewagnet ena guitar mechawet ewedalew .ene guitar teru echawetalwe . yehay kedame ena ehud ene ena guadegoche yezefen zegegit stadium Debre berhane enehaydalen . egna yemenwedat zefagn eza tenoralech.ke zefen zegegit behuala megeb bait hayden rat enbelalen. 8. Read the above text as many times as you want to and mark the following statements as either True or False. Check your answers.

A. _____Berhane Alula is from Addis Ababa. B. _____He is a student at Unity College in Mekele, Tigray. C. _____ Berhane studies chemistry. D. _____ Berhane plays on the university soccer team. E. _____ He has class every day from 8:30 to 3:00. F. _____Berhane likes to swim and play the piano. H. _____After the concert Berhane will go home to do his homework.

9. Working with a partner or in a small group, come up with the description of a busy schedule. Use the statements from Exercise 8 as an outline for your story. The pictures given below can help you to choose the activities to describe.

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Most Ethiopians, even the poor, take time to do some kind of recreational activity. In addition to playing soccer, swimming, dancing and running, families and/or friends gather for the traditional coffee ceremony. This is not only a tradition and recreation, but also a time when people share what is going on in their lives. Also, in the afternoon after work, men and women gather to chew “khat,” an herb that grows in Ethiopia, for relaxation. Khat is like coffee; it originated in Ethiopia and is harvested along with coffee.

10. a. Listen to the vocabulary as you look at the pictures. Try to match the Amharic words with the pictures. Check the answer key.

1 2 3

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4 5 6

wana botta/ዋና፡ቦታ quase maida/ኩዋስ፡ሜዳ tennis court /ቴኒስ፡ኮርት

bowling/ቦሊንግ gymnasium/ጅምናዚየም

stadium/ስታዲየም

10. Listen to the statements and mark the ones that you hear. Check your work with the answer key.

1. A. She will swim after school. B. She will dance after school. C. She will sing after school. 2. A. He likes to play soccer and basketball. B. He likes to play soccer and volleyball. C. He likes to play soccer and tennis. 3. A. She doesn’t sing, but she plays piano. B. She doesn’t paint pictures, but she takes photographs. C. She doesn’t dance, but she sings. 4. A. Do you play chess? No, I play checkers. B. Do you play guitar? No, I play piano. C. Do you play piano? Yes, I play piano. 5. A. What are your hobbies? I like to run and sing. B. What are your hobbies? I like to read and dance. C. What are your hobbies? I like to walk and play cards.

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11. Work with a partner. Look at the pictures and make up dialogues about someone’s hobbies. Use the models and phrases from Exercise 10.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks. 1. Answer the following questions in Amharic.

A. What is your favorite sport or recreational activity? B. How often do you participate in your activity? C. What is your favorite hobby? D. What did you do last weekend? E. What will you do next weekend?

2. Work with a partner or in a small group. In Amharic, describe the pictures below, using the vocabulary you have learned in this lesson.

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Vocabulary List Bowling alley Bowling bota ቦሊንግ፡ቦታ Bowling Bowling ቦሊንግ Cards Carta ካርታ Chess Chess ቼስ Computer science Computer science ኮምፒውተር፡ሳይንስ Gymnasium Gymnasium ጅምናዚየም Hobby hobby ሆቢ Paint pictures Se-el mesal ስEል፡መሳል Playing field Mechawcha maida መጫውቻ፡ሜዳ To bowl Bowling ቦሊንግ To dance Medenese መደነስ To play chess, cards; play soccer, volleyball; play a piano, a guitar

Chess/carta/quase/vollyball/ piano/guitar mechawet

ቼስ/ካርታ/ቮሊቦል/ ፒያኖ/ጊታር፡መጫወት

To run Merot መሮጥ To sing Mezfen መዝፈን To ski Ski amreg ስኪ፡ማድረግ To swim Mewagnet መዋኘት To take pictures Photo mansat ፎቶ፡ማንሳት Soccer field Quase maida ኩዋስ፡ሜዳ Songs Zefen ዘፈን Stadium Stadium ስታዲየም Swimming pool wana bota ዋና፡ቦታ Tennis Tennis ቴኒስ Tennis court Tennis meda ቴኒስ፡ ሜዳ

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Answer Key

6.

A. - Do you play chess.? /chess techawetalh? ቼስ፡ትጫወታለህ?

- Yes, I play chess. /auo chesss echawetalew Aዎ፡ቼስ፡Eጫወታለሁ B. – Do you play the piano ?/piano techawetalh? ፒያኖ፡ትጫወታለህ?

- Yes, I play the piano. / auo piano echawetalew

Aዎ፡ፒያኖ፡Eጫወታለሁ

C. -What are your hobbies ?/yenete hobby menden neo? ያንተ፡ሆቢ፡ምንድን፡ነው? - My hobbies are running and taking pictures./yene hobbie merot ena photo amnsat neo. የኔ፡ሆቢ፡መሮጥ፡Eና፡ፎቶ፡ማንሳት፡ነው D. - What does he do?/esu menn yeseral? Eሱ፡ምን፡ይሰራል? - He plays soccer and basketball./esu quais ena basketball yechawetal Eሱ፡ኩዋስ፡Eና፡ባስኬት፡ቦል፡ይጫወታል

E. - What are your hobbies?/yante hobby menden noe? ያንተ፡ሆቢ፡ምንድ፡ነው? - My hobbies are reading and swimming./yene hobie manbeeb ena mewagnet neo የኔ፡ሆቢ፡ማንበብ፡Eና፡መዋኘት፡ነው F. - What is her hobby?/ysua hobby menden neo የሱዋ፡ሆቢ፡ምንድን፡ነው?

- She likes to walk and play guitar./esu be-egir mehaid ena guitar mechawet tewedalech Eሷ፡በEግር፡መሄድ፡Eና፡ጊታር፡መጫወት፡ትወዳለች 8. ስሜ፡ብርሃኔ፡Aሉላ፡ነው።Eኔ፡ዩኒቲ፡ኮሌጅ፡Eሄዳለሁ፡Aዲስ፡Aበባ፡ሸዋ፡ውስጥ፡ነው።Eኔ፡ብዙ፡ ስራ፡Aለኝ፡ክፍል፡Eና፡ሆቢየ።Eኔ፡ኮምፒውተር፡ሳይንስ፡Aጠናለሁ፡Eና፡ለዩኒቨርስቲ፡ቡድን፡ Eጫወታሁ።Eኔ፡ክፍል፡ከ8.30 Eስከ፡3.00 ሰAት፡Aለኝ፡Eኔ፡ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋል፡ኩዋስ፡

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ልምምድ፡ሁሌ፡ከ4.00 Eስከ፡6.00 Aለን።Eኔ፡ኩዋስ፡መጭወት፡ወዳለሁ፡የኔ፡ጉዋደኞ፡Eና፡Eኔ፡ ቅዳሜ፡Eና፡Eሁድ፡ጭምር፡Eንጫወታለን፡Eኔ፡ዋና፡መዋኝት፡Eና፡ጊታር፡መጭወት፡Eወዳለሁ፡ Eኔ፡ጊታር፡ጥሩ፡Eጫወታለሁ፡ይሄ፡ቅዳሜ፡Eና፡Eሁድ፡Eኔ፡Eና፡ጉዋደኞቼ፡የዘፈን፡ዝግጅት፡ ስታዲየም፡ደብረ፡ብርሃን፡Eንሄዳለን።Eኛ፡የምንወዳት፡ዘፋኝ፡Eዛ፡ትኖራለች፡ከዘፈን፡ዝግጅት፡ በሁዋላ፡ምግብ፡ቤት፡ሄደን፡ራት፡Eንበላለን። My name is Berhane Alula. I study at the University in Addis Ababa. I am very busy with my classes and my hobbies. I study computer science, and I play on the university soccer team. I have class every day from 8:30 to 3:00 in the afternoon. After school I have soccer practice every day from 4:00 to 6:00. I like to play soccer. My friends and I play on the weekends too. I also like to swim and to play the guitar. I’m not very good at the guitar. This weekend my friends and I will go to a concert at the stadium in Debre Zeit. Our favorite singer will sing. After the concert we will go home and eat dinner.

A. ___T_ Berhane Alula is from Addis Ababa. B. ___F__ He is a student at the university in Mekele, Tigray. C. ___F__Berhane studies chemistry. D. ___T__Berhane plays on the university soccer team. E. ___T__ He had class every day from 8:30 to 3:00. F. ___F__ Berhane likes to swim and play the piano. H. ___F__After the concert Berhane will go home to do his homework.

10. a. Swimming pool wana botta ዋና፡ቦታ Soccer Field quas maida ኩዋስ፡ሜዳ Tennis court tennis court ቴኒስ፡ኮርት Bowling Alley bowling ቦሊንግ Gymnasium gymnasium ጅምናዚየም Stadium stadium ስታዲየም 10.

1. A. She will swim after school. 1. A. Eሷ፡ከትምህርት፡ቤት፡በሁዋላ፡ትዋኛለች

esua ke temhert bait behuala tewagnalech 2. B. He likes to play soccer and volleyball. 2. B. Eሱ፡ክዋስ፡Eና፡ቮሊቦል፡መጫወት፡ይወዳል

esu quas ena volleyball mechawet yewedal 3. C. She doesn’t dance, but she sings. 3. C. Eሷ፡Aትደንስም፡ግን፡ትዘፍናለች esua atdensem genn tezefnalech

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4. A. Do you play chess? No, I play checkers. 4. A. ቼስ፡ትጫወታለህ? Aይ፡ቼከርስ፡Eጫወታለሁ chess techawetalh? i, checkers echawetalew.

5. B. What are your hobbies? I like to read and dance. 5. B. ያንተ፡ሆቢዎች፡ምንድን፡ናቸው? Eኔ፡ማንበብ፡Eና፡መደነስ፡ወዳለሁ yante hobbioch menden nachew? Ene manbeb ena medenese wedalew

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Lesson 17 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ጤና፡Eና፡የሰው፡ሰውነት

Taina ena yesew sewnet Health and the Human Body

This lesson will introduce you to: - vocabulary related to the human body - asking questions about a person’s state of health - answering questions about health conditions - typical exchanges at the doctor’s office.

1. Listen as the speaker recites the vocabulary.

Abdomen Hod ሆድ Arm Ege Eጅ Back Gerba ጀርባ Chest Deret ደረት Chin Agech Aገጭ Ear Gorro ጆሮ Elbow Kern ክርን Eye Ayen Aይን Face Feet ፊት Fingers Tat ጣት Foot/Feet Egir/egroch Eግር Genitals Belit ብልት Hair Segur ፀጉር Hand Ege Eጅ

Head Ras ራስ Hip Dale ዳሌ Knee Gulbet ጉልበት Leg Egir Eግር Mouth Af Aፍ Neck Anget Aንገት Nose Afnecha Aፍንጫ Pelvis/groin Mahesen መሃፀን Shoulder Tekesha ትከሻ Stomach Hod ሆድ Toes Yegir tat የEግር፡ጣት Tooth/Teeth Ters/tersoch ጥርስ/ጥርሶችWaist Wegeb ወገብ

2. In Amharic, name the body parts that come in pairs. Check your answer. 3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate body part in Amharic. Check your work with the answer key. eyen gorro egir egir ras ege anget af Aይን ጆሮ Eግር Eግር ራስ ኣጅ Aንገት Aፍ

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A. Ene be ____________ mesehaf anebalewu. Eኔ፡በ____መፀሃፍ፡Aነባለው

B. Ene muzika be _____________ esemalewu. Eኔ፡ሙዚቃ፡በ____Eሰማለው

C. Be egir mehayd lene ____________teru newu በEግር፡ለEኔ፡መሄድ፡_____ጥሩ፡ነው

D. Ene kalsi ena chama _____________ lie aregalewu Eኔ፡ካልሲ፡Eና፡ጫማ፡______ላይ፡Aርጉዋል

E. Bu zenab, ene kofeya __________ lie guanti ___________ lie ena sharp __________ lie aregalewu በዝናብ፡Eኔ፡ኮፍያ፡______ላይ፡ጉዋንቲ______ላይ፡Eና፡ሻርፕ____ላይ፡Aረጋለሁ

F. Ene megeb ena yemiteta__________________ wesdalewu Eኔ፡ምግብ፡Eና፡የሚጠጣ________ወስዳለው

The verb “to feel” and “to be sick.” To feel/ mesemat መሰማት To be sick /metamem መታመም I feel/ ene yesemagnal Eኔ፡ይሰማኛል I am sick /ene amognal Eኔ፡Aሞኛል She feels/ esua yesematal Eሷ፡ይሰማታል She is sick/ esua amuata Eሷ፡Aሟታል Subject + feel + good or …. Subject + is + sick How do you feel? I feel sick. Endate yesemahal? (M) Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል?

Ene hemem yesemagnal Eኔ፡ህመም፡ይሰማኛል

Endate yesemashal? (F) Eንዴት፡ይሰማሻል?

I feel weak/weakness. Ene dekam yesemagnal.

Endate yesemawotal? (older person or more formal) Eንዴት፡ይሰማዎታል?

Eኔ፡ድካም፡ይሰማኛል I feel bad. Ene metfo yesemagnal

Eኔ፡መጥፎ፡የሰማኛል What symptoms do you have? I have a sore throat. Endate yaregehal? (M) Eንዴት፡ይረግሃል? Endate yaregeshal? (F) Eንዴት፡ያረግሻል?

Ene gorroro amonal Eኔ፡ጉሮሮ፡ማበጥ፡Aለኝ I have a fever. Ene tekusalt alegn

ትኩሳት ኣለኝ I have a headache. Ene ras metat alegn Eና፡ራስ፡ምታት፡Aለኝ

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Where does it hurt? My left ankle hurts. Yet botta newu yemiyameh? (M) የት፡ቦታ፡ነው፡የሚሰማህ?

Yene gerra kurchemchemit yamegnal የኔ፡ግራ፡ቁርጭምጭሚት፡ያመኛል

Yet botta newu yemiamesh? (F) የት፡ቦታ፡ነው፡የሚሰማሽ?

My back hurts. ene gerbayen yamegnal

Yet botta newu yemiyamot? (older person or more formal) የት፡ቦታ፡ነው፡የሚሰማዎት?

Eኔ፡ጀርባየን፡ያመኛ My stomach hurts. Ene hodain yamegnal

Eኔ፡ሆዴን፡ያመኛል

4. Listen to the following questions and answers, and read along in the workbook. A. How do you feel? I feel sick. endate yesemahal? Ene amognal Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል? Eኔ፡Aሞኛል B. What is the matter with her? Her leg hurts. Esua menne honalech? Yesua egirone amuatal Eሷ፡ምን፡ሆናለች? ኣሷ፡Eግሩዋን።Aሙዋታል C. How do you feel? My head hurts. Endate yesemahal? Rasain yamegnal Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል? ራሴን፡ያመኛል D. Are you in pain? Yes, my arm is broken. yamehal? Oewo egai tesebrual ያመሃል? Aዎ፡Eጄ፡ተሰብሩዋል E. Where does it hurt? My stomach hurts. Yetu garr newu yemiyameh? Hodain amognal የቱ፡ጋር፡ነው፡የሚያምክ? ሆዴን፡Aሞኛል F. Are you sick? No, I’m pregnant. Hemme yesemashal? I erguz negn ሕመም ይሰማሻል? Aይ፡Eርጉዝ፡ነኝ G. Are you OK? I don’t feel good. I feel nauseous and have a stomachache. Ante dehena neh? Ene amognal. Ene wede lie yelegnal(yaqleshelesnal) ena hodain amognal. Aንተ፡ደህና፡ነህ? Eኔ፡Aሞኛል፡ወደ፡ልይ፡ይለኛል(ያቅለሽልሽኛል)፡Eና፡ሆዴን፡Aሞኛል H. Are you taking any medication? Yes, over-the-counter ones. Medhanit eyweesdik newu ? Oewo ke medhanit bait መድሃኒት፡Eየወሰድክ፡ነው? Aዎ፡ከመድሃኒት፡ቤት

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5. Working with a partner, role-play the dialogues from Exercise 4. 6. Match each picture with the corresponding statement. Check the answer key.

A B C

1. wetatua sait alamematm. Esua erguz nat ወጣቱዋ፡ሴት፡Aላመማትም።Eሷ፡Eርጉዝ፡ናት 2. teneshu lej tekusat alat, guroro meabet, ena yesawent kurtmat, esu tasnetesalech ena salle

alet. Esua goonfan alat ትንሹዋ፡ልጅ፡ተኩሳት፡Aላት፡ጉሮሮ፡ማበጥ፡Eና፡የሰውነት፡ቁርጥማት፡Eሷ፡ታስነትሳለች፡ Eና፡ሳል፡Aላት።Eሷ፡ጉንፋን፡Aላት

3. teneshi lej wede lie yelewal ena hoduin amotal

ትነሹ፡ልጅ፡ወደ፡ላይ፡ይለዋል፡Eና።ሆዱን፡Aሞታል

7. Work with a partner. Role-play the doctor and patient. Use the questions from Exercise 5 as a model. Use the phrases from Exercise 6 to describe your symptoms.

8. Listen to and read the list of the typical symptoms for each ailment. Flu Gunfan ጉንፋን Fever Tekusat ትኩሳት Sore throat Guroro mabet ጉሮሮ፡ማበጥ Body aches Sewnet kurtemat የሰውነት፡ቁርጥማት Sneezing Masnetes ማስነጠስ Coughing Masalle ማሳል

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Head cold Gunfan ጉንፋን Congestion Metafen መታፈን Sore Throat Guroro mabet ጉሮሮ፡ማበጥ Sneezing Masnetes ማስነጠስ Coughing Masalle ማሳል Severe Pain Betam sekaye (hemem) በጣም፡ስቃይ/ህመም Broken Bone Egir sebrat Eግር፡ስብራት Swelling Mabet ማበጥ Pain Hemem(sekaye) ህመም(ስቃይ) Bleeding Medmatt መድማት Sprain Welemta ወለምታ Bruise Senber ሰንበር Swelling Mabet ማበጥ

9. Look at the chart of symptoms in Exercise 9. Work with a partner or in a small group. Develop the questions the doctor can ask about one’s symptoms to be able to diagnose the problem. 1 ft = 30 cm, 1 inch = 2.5 cm, 100 cm = 1 meter, 1 lb = 0.454 kg. - How tall is he, and how much does he weigh? Eሱ፡ቁመት፡Eና፡ክብድት፡ስንት፡ነው? Yesu kumet ena kebdet cent nowu? - He is 70” tall and weighs 185 pounds. Eሱ፡70” ረጅም፡Eና፡185 ፓውንድ፡ነው Yesu kumet 70” ena kebdetu 185 pound newu - How tall are you? How much do you weigh? Aንተ፡ቁመት፡ስንት፡ነህ? ስንት፡ተከብዳለህ? Ante kumet cent neh? Ante cent tekebdalh? - I am 66 inches tall and weigh 120 pounds. Eኔ፡66 Iንችስ፡Eና፡120 ፓውንድ፡ክብደት፡ነኝ Ene kumetaie 66 inches kebdetaie 120 pound negn

10. Work with a partner. Take turns asking each other about your height and weight. Do not forget to use the units of measure appropriate for Ethiopia.

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11. Listen to the speaker and read the statements below. Translate them into English. Check your work with the answer key. A. Endate yesemahal(M) yesemashal(F)? Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል/ይሰማሻል? Dehna ayesemagnem. Wede lie yelegnal ደህና፡Aይሰማኝ።ወደ፡ላይ፡የለኛል B. Endate yesemahal(M) yesemashal(F)? Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል/ይሰማሻል? Ene dehena negn genn tenesh wede lie yelegnal Eኔ፡ደህና፡ነኝ፡ግን፡ትንሽ፡ወደ፡ላይ፡ይለኛል C. Endate yesemahal(M)? yesemashal(F)? Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል/ይሰማሻል? Ene dehena ayedlehum genn wede lie ayelegnem Eኔ፡ደህና፡Aይደለሁም፡ግን፡ወደ፡ላይ፡Aይለኝም D. Egeray tesebrual meselegn. Bakhen ambulance tera Eግሬ፡ተሰብሩዋል፡መሰለኝ፡ባክህን፡Aምቡላንስ፡ጥራ E. Yesu egir tesebrual meselegn. Bakhen ambulance tera የሱ፡Eግር፡ተሰብሯል፡መሰለኝ፡ባከህን፡Aምቡላንስ፡ጥራ F. Esu egirun tesebrul? Meselegn. Bakhen ambulance tera Eሱ፡Eግሩን፡ተሰብሩዋል? መሰለኝ፡ባክህን፡Aምቡላንስ፡ጥራ

12. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and mark the statement that you hear. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. Where does it hurt? My stomach hurts. B. Where does it hurt? My back hurts. C. Where does it hurt? My neck hurts. 2. A. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a headache. B. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a stomachache. C. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and my body aches. 3. A. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I’m nauseous. B. How do you feel? I feel fine, but I’m a little nauseous. C. How do you feel? I don’t feel well, but I’m not nauseous. 4. A. I think I broke my leg. Please call an ambulance! B. I think he broke his leg. Please call an ambulance! C. Did he break his leg? I think so, please call an ambulance!

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Ask and answer the following questions in Amharic. Check the answer key. A. When you have the flu, what are your symptoms? B. Are you taking any medications? C. Have you ever broken a bone? If yes, which one(s)? D. What is your height and weight? E. How often do you see a doctor? Every month? Every year? Every 3 years? 2. Tell the class what you do in order to keep a healthy weight? Do you exercise? What types of exercise do you do? How often and for how long do you exercise? Do you have a special diet? What kind? What do you eat and what don’t you eat? Give an example of your menu. What do you order when you eat out, and how does it affect your diet the next day? 3. Work with a partner or in a small group. Describe the picture below.

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Vocabulary List Abnormal Yaltelemede semait ያልተለመ፡ስሜት Allergies Allergy Aለርጂ Ambulance Ambulance Aምቡላንስ Arm Kende ክንጅ Chest Deret ደረት Chin Agech Aገጭ Are you in pain? Yamehal? ያምሃል? Are you taking any medication?

Medhanit lie not? መድሃኒት፡ላይ፡ኖት?

Body aches Yesewnit kurtemat የሰውነት፡ቁርጥማት Broken bone Yetesebere atent የተሰበረ፡Aጥንት Bruise Sember ሰምበር Call an ambulance! Ambulance teru Aምቡላንስ፡ጥሩ Congestion Metafen መታፈን Coughing Salle ሳል Ear Afencha Aፍንጫ Elbow Kern ክርን Eye Ayen Aይን Fingers Tat ጣት Foot Egir Eግር Feel Mesemat መሰማት Fever Tekusat ትኩሳት Flu/Influenza Goonfan ጉንፋን Hand Ege Eጅ Head Ras ራስ Hip Dale ዳሌ Knee Gulbet ጉልበት Help! Erdugn Eርዱኝ How do you feel? Menn yesemahal? ምን፡ይሰማሃል? Hurt Megodat መጎዳት Leg Egir Eግር Mouth Afe Aፍ Nose Afencha Aፍንጫ Neck Anget Aንገት Medicine Medhant መድሃኒት Nausea Makleshlesh መቅለሽለሽ Pain Himem ህመም Pregnant Erguz Eርጉዝ Shoulder Tekesha ትከሻ Toes Yeegir tat የEግር፡ጣት

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Waist Wegib ወገብ Sick Metamem መታመም Sneezing Massnetis ማስነጠስ Sore throat Guroro mabet ጉሮሮ፡ማበጥ Stomach Hod ሆድ Stomach cramps Yehod kurtet የሆድ፡ቁርጠት Strain Wegat ውጋት Swelling Mabet ማበጥ Symptoms Madreg ምድረግ What is the matter? Menn honehal?(M)

Menn honeshal?(F) ምን፡ሆነሃል? ምን፡ምንሆነሻል?

Where does it hurt? Yetu garr newu yemiyameh?(M) Yetu garr newu yemiamesh?(F)

የቱ፡ጋር፡ነው፡የሚያምህ? የቱ፡ጋር፡ነው፡የሚያምሽ?

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Answer Key 2. ears, elbows, eyes, feet, hands, knees, shoulders, arms, legs, hips joro,kern,ayen,egir,eje,gulbet,tekesha,ege,egir,dalle ጆሮ,ክርን,Aይን,Eግር,Eጅ,ጉልበት,ተከሻ,Eጅ,Eግር,ዳሌ 3. eyes ears legs feet head hand neck mouth ayen joro egir egir ras eje anget afe Aይን ጆሮ Eግር Eግር ራስ Eጅ Aንገት Aፍ

G. I use my eyes to read a book. H. I listen to music with my ears. I. Walking is good for my legs. J. I wear shoes and socks on my feet. K. In the winter, I wear a hat on my head, gloves on my hands.

and a scarf around my neck. A. ene be ayen mesef anebalew. Eኔ፡በAይኔ፡መጸሃፍ፡Aነባልው B. ene muzika bu joro esemalew. Eኔ፡ሙዚቃ፡በጆሮዬ፡Eሰማለሁ C. be egir mehaid lene egir teru neo. በEግር፡መሄድ፡ለEኔ፡Eግር፡ጥሩ፡ነው D. ene kalsi ena chama eger lie aregalew.Eኔ፡ካልሲና፡ጫማ፡Eግሬ፡ላይ፡Aረጋሁ E. be zenab,ene kofeya ras lie guanti eje lie ena sharp anget lie aregalew. በዝናብ፡Eኔ፡ኮፍያ፡ራሴ፡ላይ፡ጉዋንቲ፡Eጄ፡ላይ፡Eና፡ሻርፕ፡Aንገት፡ላይ፡Aረጋለሁ

6.

B The young woman is not sick. She is pregnant. A The little girl has a fever, a sore throat, and body aches, and she is sneezing and coughing. She has the flu. C The little boy is nauseous and has a stomachache.

11. A. – How do you feel? Endate yesemahal(M) yesemashal(F)? Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል/ይሰማሻል?

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- I don’t feel well. I’m nauseous. Dehna ayesemagnem. Wede lie yelegnal ደህና፡Aይሰማኝ።ወደ፡ላይ፡የለኛል B. - How do you feel? Endate yesemahal(M) yesemashal(F)? Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል/ይሰማሻል? - I feel fine, but I’m a little nauseous. Ene dehena negn genn tenesh wede lie yelegnal Eኔ፡ደህና፡ነኝ፡ግን፡ትንሽ፡ወደ፡ላይ፡ይለኛል C. – How do you feel? Endate yesemahal(M)? yesemashal(F)? Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል/ይሰማሻል? -I don’t feel well, but I’m not nauseous. Ene dehena ayedlehum genn wede lie ayelegnem Eኔ፡ደህና፡Aይደለሁም፡ግን፡ወደ፡ላይ፡Aይለኝም D. I think I broke my leg. Please call an ambulance! Egeray tesebrual meselegn. Bakhen ambulance tera Eግሬ፡ተሰብሩዋል፡መሰለኝ፡ባክህን፡Aምቡላንስ፡ጥራ E. I think he broke his leg. Please call an ambulance! Yesu egir tesebrual meselegn. Bakhen ambulance tera የሱ፡Eግር፡ተሰብሯል፡መሰለኝ፡ባከህን፡Aምቡላንስ፡ጥራ F. Did he break his leg? I think so. Please call an ambulance! Esu egirun tesebrul? Meselegn. Bakhen ambulance tera Eሱ፡Eግሩን፡ተሰብሩዋል? መሰለኝ፡ባክህን፡Aምቡላንስ፡ጥራ

12. 1. A. Where does it hurt? My stomach hurts. yetu garr newu yemiyameh?(M) hodain amognal የቱጋር፡ነው፡የሚያምህ?ሆዴን፡Aሞኛል 2. B. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a stomachache. endate newu yemiyaregsh?(F) ene tekusat ena ras metat alegn Eንዲት፡ነው፡የሚያረግሽ? Eኔ፡ትኩሳት፡Eና፡ራስ፡ምታት፡Aለኝ 3. C. How do you feel? I don’t feel well, but I’m not nauseous. endate yesemaotal?(older person,formal) ene dehana ayedelehum genn wede lie aylegnem Eንዴት፡ይሰማዎታል? Eኔ፡ደህና፡Aይደለሁም፡ግን፡ወደ፡ላይ፡Aይለኝም 4. A. I think I broke my leg. Please call an ambulance! egray teseber meselegn. Ebakot ambulance teru! Eግሬ፡ተሰብሩዋል፡መሰለኝ፡Eባኮት፡Aምቡላንስ፡ጥሩ

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1.

A. gunfan senorh endate yesemahal? ጉንፋን፡ሲይዝህ፡Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል? Tekusat ena sale alegn ትኩሳት፡Eና፡ሳል፡Aለኝ

B. medhanit eywesedk neo? auo asprin wesgalew መድሃኒት፡Eየወሰድክ፡ነው?Aዎ፡Aስፕሪን፡ወስዳልው C. atentehn tesebreh takaleh? Auo kehone yetegnwoch? Aጥንትህን፡ተሰብረህ፡ታውቃለህ? Aዎ፡ከሆነ፡የትኛዎች D. cent neo kumeteh ena kebdeteh? Aned meter ke seba ena seba kilo ስንት፡ነው፡ቁመትህና፡ክብደትህ? Aንድ፡ሜትር፡ከሰባ፡Eና፡ሰባ፡ኪሎ E. bu cent gezai neo doctor yemtayew? Bu yeweru? Bu yametu? Bu yesost Ametu? Ene doctor bu yametu ayalew በስንት፡ጊዜ፡ነው፡ዶክተር፡የምታየው? በየወሩ? በያነቱ? በየሶስት፡Aመቱ? Eኔ፡ዶክተር፡የማየው፡በያመቱ፡Aያለ

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Lesson 18 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ፖነቲካዊ፡Eና፡የAለም፡Aቀፍ፡ሁኔታዎች

Politicawe ena ye alem akef Political and International Events

This lesson will introduce you to: - The vocabulary associated with politics and international issues - How they are reported in the Ethiopian news - How to read and understand political events written in Amharic newspapers.

GOVERNMENT

Ethiopia adopted a new constitution that established the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia in 1995. The federal government is responsible for national defense, foreign relations, general politics and common interests and benefits. The Federal States comprise nine autonomous states vested with authority for self-administration. The FDRE is structured along the lines of a bicameral parliament, with the upper chamber representatives being the highest authority of the federal government, while the lower chamber represents the

Prime Minister Meles Zanawi common interests of the nations, nationalities and people of the states. Council members are elected by universal suffrage for a five-year term. The Federal State is headed by a constitutional president and the Federal government by the Prime Minister who is accountable to the council of the people’s representative. Each autonomous state is headed by a state president elected by the state council. The judiciary is constitutionally independent. The current leader is Prime Minister Meles Zenawi, and the president is President Girma Welede Gorges. The main problem facing Ethiopia is famine and the conflict with Eritrea. Also a big social problem is the rapid spread of HIV killing millions in Ethiopia. Ethiopia is one of the poorest nations in the world; however, in recent years, it has shown much progress in implementing a democratic government for the first time in Ethiopian history. There is some racial and religious tension in some regions, but there are no major radical parties.

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1. Familiarize yourself with the political terms. Government Mengest መንግስት Prime minister Teklie minister ጠቅላይ፡ሚኒስቴር President Meri (president) መሪ/ፕሬዝዳንት Leader (ruler) Meri መሪ Dictator Amba genen meri Aምባገነን Parliament Parliament ፓርላመንት Ministry Minister ሚኒስቴር Election mercha ምርጫ Official/Officials Balle-seltan/balle-seltanoch ባለ፡ስልጣን/ባለ፡ስልጣኖች Political party Yepoletica maheber የፖለቲካ፡መሃበር Vote mercha ምርጫ Republic Yemengest astedader የመንግስት፡Aስተዳደር State agger Aገር Democracy/democratic democracy/democratic ዴሞክራሲ Term of office Yemengest gezai የመንግስት፡ጊዜ Policy akuwam(eked) Aቁዋም፡Eቅድ Human rights Sebawe mebet ሰበAዊ፡መብት Religious Himanotegna ሃይማኖተኛ Racial Yezer የዘር Radical Akrari Aክራሪ World Alem Aለም Conflict Gegit ግጭት War Tornet ጦርነት Invade/invasion Werera ወረራ Nuclear bombs/weapons Nuclear bomb/mesaria ኑክሊር፡ቦንብ/መሳሪያ

2. Listen to and read the following statements. While reading, note the use of the new vocabulary. The Iraqi leader Ye iraq meri የIራቅ፡መሪ The Russian officials Ye Russia የራሻ፡መሪ The South African government Ye deboob Africa mengest የደቡብ፡Aፍሪካ፡መሪ Religious differences Ye himanot leyouney የሃይማኖት፡ልዩነት Middle East conflict Ye mekakelegn mesrak gegit የመካከለኛ፡ምስራቅ፡ግጭት The war in Iraq Ye iraq tornet የIራቅ፡ጦርነት The radical political party Tekawami poletical party ተቃዋሚ፡ፖለቲካል፡ፓርቲ Islamic fundamentalism Akrari eslemena Aክራሪ፡Eስልምና

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The President of the United States is George Bush. Ye America president George Bush newu የAሜሪካ፡ፕሬዘዳንት፡ጅርጅ፡ቡሽ፡ነው Japan and Great Britain have prime ministers. Japan ena engeliz teklie minister alachewu ጃፓን፡Eና፡Eንግሊዝ፡ጠቅላይ፡ሚኒስቴር፡Aላቸው This was the first political election in that country. Bu ezi ager yehay yemegemeria ye poletica mercha newu በዚህ፡Aገር፡ይሄ፡የመጀመሪያ፡የፖለቲካ፡ምርጫ፡ነው Human rights are a very important issue in the world today. Seb-awe mebt be zarai weket asfelagi gudie newu ሰበዊ፡መብት፡በዛሬ፡ወቅት፡Aስፈላጊ፡ጉዳይ/AርEስት፡ነው

THE MEDIA Although the state controls radio and television, the print and broadcast media have seen dramatic changes since the communist dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam was deposed. Deregulation has been on the rise for some years. Would-be private radio broadcasters were given license application forms in 2004. Some opposition groups beam radio broadcasts to Ethiopia using hired short-wave transmitters from overseas. The number of privately owned newspapers has grown; some are available on line. The relationship between the press and the government has somewhat been uneasy, and media rights organizations have expressed concern about the possible jailing of journalists. THE PRESS Zemen - state-owned daily newspaper Ethiopian Herald - state-owned English-language daily Menelik - private, weekly Addis Admas - private, weekly Seifenebelbal - private, weekly Tobya - private, weekly Wonchif - private, weekly Tomar - private, weekly The Reporter - private, English-language web pages The Sun - private, English-language weekly Addis Tribune - private, English-language weekly Capital - English-language, business weekly TELEVISION Ethiopian Television (ETV) - state-owned

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RADIO Radio Ethiopia - state-owned, operates National Service and External Service Voice of Tigray Revolution - Tigray Regional State government radio Radio Fana - founded in 1994 by the ruling party NEWS AGENCIES Walta Information Centre (WIC) - privately owned, pro-government Ethiopian News Agency (ENA) - state-owned

3. Listen to and read the following news report from Ethiopia. Then answer the questions that follow in Amharic and English. Check your work with the answer key. ሶስትሺ፡ያገር፡Aባላት፡በግንቦት፡15 የIትዮጺያን፡ምርጫ፡ለመገንዘብ፡በAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ከተማ ይሰራጫሉ፡ሲል፡የክርስቲያን፡ሪሊፍ፡ዴቨሎፕመንት፡Aሶሴሽን፡ተናግሩዋል። የረዳት፡Aገር፡Aባሎቹ፡Eስከዛሬ፡ 6 ሚሊዮን፡ዶላር፡በመሰብሰብ፡ምርጫውን፡ለመደገፍ፡ AስተዋፀAO፡Aድርገዋል።ይሄ፡የዴሞክራቲክ፡ምርጫ፡በIትዮጲይያ፡ታሪክ፡ውስጥ፡ሲደረግ፡ ሶስተኛ፡ጊዜ፡ነው።ከዚህም፡በተጨምሪ፡200የAለም፡Aቀፍ፡ታዛቢዎች፡Eና፡የAውሮፓ፡Aንደነት፡ መሃበር፡ተወካዮች፡በ15 ግንቦት፡ይገባሉ።Eነሱም፡ለረጅም፡ግዜ፡ምርጫውን፡ለመግንዘብ፡በAዲስ፡ Aበባ፡ይቆያሉ። 1. When is the Ethiopian election? 2. How many international observers will be present? 3. How much money have donor counties pledged? 4. How many others will be deployed to monitor the election? 5. What other organization is monitoring the election on a long-term mission? 4. Work in small groups. Pretend that you are a crew working for a news program. Come up with a short description of a political event. Use the questions from Exercise 3 as an outline for your report. 5. Work in a small group or with a partner. Go over the information on the political system in Ethiopia one more time. Recall the information in the Amharic Report to your teacher and to the class.

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International Geography

Ethiopian flag የIትዮጲያ፡ባንዲራ

Ethiopia is located in the horn of Africa, bordered by the Sudan on the west, Somalia and Djibouti to the east, Eritrea on the north and Kenya on the south. It covers an area of approximately 444,000 square miles. The varied topography of the country generally features rugged mountains, flat-topped plateaus river canyons, rolling plains and lowlands. The major river basins include: the Blue Nile, Baro, Omo, Tekeze and Wabe shebele. The great valley divides the Ethiopian high lands, as it traverses the country from north to south. Alpine vegetation features the highland, while woodlands, savanna and semi-arid terrain characterize the lowland.

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6. Read the information about Ethiopia. Answer the questions.

A. Where in Africa is Ethiopia located? B. What are the bordering countries of Ethiopia? C. Is Ethiopia a landlocked country? D. What is the longest river in Ethiopia?

7. Listen to the speaker and follow along in your book. Afghanistan/Afghani Afghanistan/Afghanistan-awe Aፍጋኒስታን/Aፍጋኒስታናዊ Canada/Canadian Canada/Canada-we ካናዳ/ካናዳዊ China/Chinese China/china-we ቻይና/ቻይናዊ Denmark/Danes Denmark/denmark-awe ዴንማርክ/ዴንማርካዊ Egypt/Egyptian Gebts/gebts-awe ግብጽ/ግብጽዊ England/English Engeliz/engeliz-awe Eንገሊዝ/Eንግሊዛዊ Finland/Finns Finland/finland-awe ፊንላንድ/ፊንላንዳዊ France/French Furensi/furensi-awe ፈረንሳይ/ፈረንሳዊ Germany/German German/german-awe ጀርመን/ጀርመናዊ Great Britain/British Engeliz/engeliz-awe Eንገሊዝ/Eንግሊዛዊ India/Indian Hind/hind-awe ህንድ/ህንዳዊ Indonesia/Indonesian Indonesia/Indonesia-we Iንዶኔዣ/Iንዶኔዣዊ

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Iran/Iranian Iran/iran-awe Iራን/Iራናዊ Iraq/Iraqi Iraq/iraq-awe Aራቅ/Iራቃዊ Ireland/Irish Ireland/Ireland-awe Aይርላንድ/Aየርላንዳዊ Israel/Israeli Israel/Israel-awe Eስራኣኤል/Eስራኤላዊ Italy/Italian Taliyan/taliyan-awe ጣሊያን/ጣሊያናዊ Japan/Japanese Japan/japan-we ጃፓን/ጃፓናዊ Korea/Korean Korea/ korea-we ኮሪያ/ኮሪያዊ Kuwait/Kuwaiti Kuwait/Kuwait-awe ኩዌት/ኩዌታዊ Mexico/Mexican Mexico/Mexican-awe ሜክሲካን/ሜክሲካናዊ Netherlands/Dutch holand/holand-awe ሆላንድ/ሆላንዳዊ Norway/Norwegian Norway/Norwegian-awe ኖርዌ/ኖርዌጃዊ Pakistan/Pakistani Pakistan/Pakistan-awe ፓኪስታን/ፓኪስታናዊ Philippines/Filipino Philippine/philippin-awe ፊሊፒን/ፊሊፒናዊ Russia/Russian Russia/Russia-we ራሻ/ራሻዊ Saudi Arabia/Saudi Saudi Arabia/Saudi Arabia-we ሳውዲ፡Aረቢያ/ሳውዲ፡Aረባዊ Scotland/Scot Scotland/Scotland-we ስኮትላንድ/ስኮትላንዳዊ South Africa/ South African

Deboob Africa/ deboob Africa-we

ደቡብ፡Aፍሪቃ/ ደቡብ፡Aፍሪቃዊ

Spain/Spanish Spain/spain-awe ስፔን/ስፔናዊ Sweden/Swede Sweden/Sweden-awe ስዊድን/ስዊድናዊ Syria/Syrian Soria/soria-we ሶርያ/ሶርያዊ Thailand/Thai Thailand/Thailand-awe ታይላንድ/ታይላንዳዊ Vietnam/Vietnamese Vietnam/Vietnam-awe ቪየትናም/ቪየትናማዊ Wales/Welsh Wales/wales-awe ዌንን/ዌልሳሻዊ North America Semain America ሰሜን፡Aሜሪካ Central America Mekakelegna America መካከለኛ፡Aሜሪካ South America Deboob America ደቡብ፡Aሜሪካ Western Europe Me-erab auropa ምEራብ፡Aውሮፓ Central Europe Mekakelegna auropa መካከለኛ፡Aውሮፓ Eastern Europe Mesrak auropa ምስራቅ፡Aውሮፓ Middle East Mekakelegna mesrak መካከለኛ፡ምስራቅ Southwest Asia Deboob me-erab asia ደቡብ፡ምEራብ፡ኤዣ Southeast Asia Deboob mesrak asia ደቡብ፡ምስራቅ፡ኤዣ Africa Africa/Africa-we Aፍሪቃ/Aፍሪቃዊ Australia Australia/austalia-we Aውስትራሊያ/Aውስትራሊያዊ Eastern Asia Mesrak asia ምስራቅ፡ኤዣ Arctic Arctic Aርክቲክ Antarctic Antarctica Aንታርክቲካ Pacific Rim Ruk mesrak ሩቅ፡ምስራቅ

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Ene amereica-we negn. I am an American. Eኔ፡Aሜሪካዊ፡ነኝ Ene ke America negn. I am from America. Eኔ፡ከAሜሪካ፡ነኝ Esu japan-awe neo. He is Japanese. Eሱ፡ጃፓናዊ፡ነው Esu ke japan neo. He is from Japan. Eሱ፡ከጃፓን፡ነው Enante gebs-awe nechew? Are you (plural) Egyptian? Eናንተ፡ግብጻዊ፡ናችሁ? Auo egna gebs-awe nen. Yes, we are Egyptian. Aዎ፡Eኛ፡ግብጻዊ፡ነን Enesu furenc-awe nachew. They are French. Eነሱ፡ፈረንሳዊ፡ናቸው

8. Listen to and read the dialogues about nationality. Note the ways to determine one’s nationality. Are you from Syria? No, I’m from Egypt. I’m an Egyptian. Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ከሶሪያ፡ነህ/ነሽ? Aይ፡Eኔ፡ከግብዊ፡ነኝ Ante/anchi ke soria neh /nesh? I ene ke gebs neg. ene gebs-awe negn. Are you American? No, I’m Canadian. Aንተ/Aንቺ፡Aሜሪካዊ፡ነህ/ነሽ/ Aይ፡Eኔ፡ካናዳዊ፡ነኝ Ante/ anchi ke America neh/nesh? I ene Canada-we negn What are you? I’m Vietnamese. Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ምንድን፡ነህ/ነሽ? Eኔ፡ቪየትናማዊ፡ነኝ Ante/anchi mennden neh/nesh? Ene Vietnam-awe negn Where are you from? I’m from India. I’m Indian. Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ከየት፡ነህ/ነሽ? Eኔ፡ከህንድ፡ነኝ።Eኔ፡ህንድ፡ነኝ Ante/anchi ke yet neh/nesh Ene ke hinde negn.ene hind-awe negn Are you Indonesian? Yes, I’m Indonesian. I live in Jakarta. Aንተ/Aንቺ፡Iንዶኔዣዊ፡ነህ/ነሽ? Aዎ፡Eኔ፡Iንዶኔዣዊ፡ነኝ።Iንዶኔዣ፡Eኖራለሁ Ante/anchi Indonesia-we neh/nesh? Auo ene Indonesia-we negn.Indonesia noralewu Are you from Afghanistan? I live in Afghanistan, but I am Pakistani. Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ከAፍጋኒስታን፡ነህ፡ነሽ? Eኔ፡Aፍጋኒስታን፡ነው፡የምኖረው፡ግን፡ፓኪተናዊ፡ነኝ Ante/anchi ke Afghanistan neh/nesh? Ene Afghanistan newu yemenorewu genn ene Pakistan-

awe negn

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9. Working with a partner, complete the dialogues. Check your work with the answer key. 1. - …ante Vietnam-awe neh……………………..? Aንተ፡ቪየትናሚያዊ፡ነህ? - auo ene Vietnam-awe negn Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ቪየትናሚያዊ፡ነኝ 2. - ……anchi America-we nesh………………………? Aንቺ፡Aሜሪካዊ፡ነሽ? - I ene America-we ayedelehum ene Canada-we negn Aይ፡Eኔ፡Aሜሪቻዊ፡Aይደለሁም፡Eኔ፡ካናዳዊ፡ነኝ 3. - ante afghanistan neo woynes Pakistan yemetnorew..? Aንተ፡Aፍጋኒስታን፡ነው፡ወይንስ፡ፓኪስታን፡የምትኖረው - ene Pakistan neo yemenorewu genn Afghanitan-awe negn Eኔ፡ፓኪስታን፡ነው፡የምኖረው፡ግን፡Aፍጋኒስታናዊ፡ነኝ 4. - …enante iraq-awe nachewu..? Aናንተ፡Iራቃዊ፡ናቸሁ? - oewu egna iraq-we nen Aዎ፡Eኛ፡Iራቃዊ፡ነን

10. What do you hear? The speaker will read one word from each line of text. Mark the word that you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. Aፍጋኒስታን ፓኪስታን Iራን ህንድ 2. Aየርላንድ ታይላንድ ሆላንድ Eንግሊዝ 3. ቪያትናም Iንዶኔዣ ጃፓን ቻይና 4. ሳውዲ፡Aረቢያ ሶርያ Eስራኤል ጆርዳን 5. ኩዌት Iራቅ ግብፅ ራሻ

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Translate the following headlines into English. Check the answer key. 1. የውጭ፡ጉዳይ፡ሚኒስቴር፡Aዲስ፡Aምባሳደር፡ለግብፅ፡ሰየመ yewoch gudaye minister addis ambassador le gebse seyeme. 2. የIሮፕያን፡መሃበር፡170 የሚሆን፡ግለሰቦች፡ምርቻ፡ለመታAሰብ፡ይመጣሉ Ye European mehaber 170 yemihonu geleseboch mercha lemetazeb yemetalu. 3. Iትዮጵያ፡የዩግንዳን፡Aበባ፡ገበያ፡ልትወስድ፡ትችላለች etiopia ye Ugandan abeba gebeya letewesd techelalech 4. ዩኔስኮ፡የAክሱም፡ሃውልት፡ከጣሊያን፡Eንዲመለስ፡ይረዳል UNESCO ye aksum hawelt ke taliyan endimeles yeredal 5. የIትዮጵያ፡ካርጎ፡Aየር፡መንገድ፡በዩጋንዳ፡ላይ፡ወደቀ ye etiopia cargo ayer menged be Uganda lie wedeke.

2. Listen to and read the following news report from Ethiopia, then answer the questions that follow.

41 ሚሊዮን፡ዶላር፡ለኤድስ፡ህክምና፡Eና፡መከላከያ፡ተመደበ። ዲይሊ፡ሞኒተር (Aዲስ፡Aበባ) ማርች፡23, 2005 ህሊና፡መገርሳ

Aዲስ፡Aበባ Eቸቪ/ኤድስ፡መከላከያ፡Eና፡ማገጃ፡ቢሮ፡በማክሰኞ፡ቀን፡41,895,884 ሚሊዮን፡ዶላር፡ከግሎባል ፋንድ፡ፎር፡ፕረቨንሽን፡ኤንድ፡ትሪትመት፡Eንዳገኘ፡ተናግሩል። ንጋቱ፡መረቀ፡የድርጅቱ፡ሃላፊ፡የግሎባል፡ፋሚሊሪዜን፡ስብሰባ፡በጊዮን፡ሆቴል፡በ ማርች፡1 2005 ትካሂዶ፡Eንደነበር፡Eና፡ይሄ፡የሁለት፡Aመት፡ባጀት፡በ፡ፌብረዋሪ፡2007 ለህክምና፡Eና፡ለጥንቀቃ፡ ተሰራጭቶ፡Eንደሚያልቅ፡ተናግረዋል።በመጀመሪያ፡Aመት፡20,889,452 ዶላር፡ይሰራጫል፡ በሚቀጥለውም፡Aመት፡21,006,432 ዶላር፡ይሰራጫል።Aቶ፡ንጋቱ፡ይህ፡ባጀት፡የEርዳታ፡ ገንሀብ፡በሚጋባ፡Eንዲሰራጭ፡Aስፈላጊ፡ንው፡ብላዋል።Eርዳታ፡ከግሎባል፡ፋንድ፡የኤቸይቪ፡መተላለፍ Eዲቀንስ፡Eና፡የግላOባል፡የህብረተ፡ሰብ፡Eና፡የIኮኖሚ፡ችግር፡ለሚደርስባቸው፡Eርዳታ፡EንደሚሰጥEቸው፡ተናግረዋል። Eሳቸው፡Iትጲያ፡የርዳታውን፡ገንዘብ፡በጣም፡ለተጎዱት፡Aካብቢ፡Eንደሚሰጥ፡ተናግረዋል።ነገር፡

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ግን፡Aነዳንድ፡ሰዎች፡Aስፈላጊ፡ያልሆነ፡ፍርሃት፡Eንዳላቸው፡ገልፀዋል።ይህ፡የEርዳታ፡ገንዘብ፡በጣም፡ ለተጎዱት፡ሰውዎች፡ማለትም፡ለወጣትና፡ለሴቶች፡የመከላከያ፡ሰርቪስ፡Eንዲሰጣቸው፡ይደረጋል፡ ባለው፡Aቶ፡ንጋቱ፡ተንግረዋል። በተጨማሪም፡ወደ፡31,000 ሺህ፡የሚሆኑ፡ሰዎች፡Eና፡2000 ሺህ፡ህፃናት፡ህክምና፡በ 38 የጤና፡ ድርጅት፡በየAገሩ፡ስፍራ፡ያገኛሉ፡ብለው፡ዶክተር፡ፀጋዬ፡ለገሰ፡የግሎባል፡ፋንድ፡ኮርዲናተር፡ ተናግረዋል። የመጀመሪያው፡Aመት፡ባጀት፡3,361,966.20 ዶላር፡ነው።በተጨማሪም፡የመድሃኒት፡ስርጭት፡ Eና፡ህክምና፡ለበሽተኞች፡Eንደሚደረግ፡ተናግረዋል። 38 ህንጻዎች፡ትሩ፡የሆነ፡ህክምና፡በመጀመሪያው፡Aመት፡Eንደሚጀመር፡Eና፡ይህ፡የህክምና፡ቦታ፡ ኩዋሊቲ፡የሆነ፡መድሃኒት፡Eንደሚሰጥ፡ተናግረዋል። በተለይም፡ጥብቅ፡ሃላፊነት፡ያለባቸው፡ደርጅቶች፡የAንቲ፡ቫይራል፡ህክምና፡ማድረግ፡ላይ፡Eንዲያተኩሩ፡ ብላው፡ጨምረዋል። 1. How much money will be allocated the first year? cent genzeb yeserachal yemegemeria amet? ስንት፡ገንዘብ፡ይሰራጫል፡የመጀመሪያ፡Aመት? 2. Which is the group most vulnerable to HIV infection in Ethiopia? betam yetegodu sewoch manne nachew? በጣም፡የተጎዱ፡ሰዎች፡ማን፡ናቸው? 3. How many facilities will there be in the treatment center? cent derejet/bota le hekemena ale? ስንት፡ድርጅት/ቦታ፡ለህክመና፡Aለ? 4. When will the funding begin and end? erdataw meche yejemeral ena yalekal? Eርዳታው፡መቼ፡ይጀመራል? 5. Where was the global meeting held? ye alem sebseba yet neo yenebereew? የAለም፡ስብሰባ፡የት፡ነው፡የነበረው? 3. Work with a partner or in a small group. From the list of the countries above, choose one and give a briefing on its location and political system. Pretend that you are giving a press conference. Your classmates will role-play the news reporters by asking you questions.

The following questions may help you in your work:

1. Does this country have a president? Who is the current president? 2. How many political parties are there in this country? 3. Is there a war in this country now? 4. Does this country have a parliament? 5. Is there a democracy in this country? 6. Does this country have a prime minister? 7. Is the leader of this country a dictator? 8. Is this country a republic? 9. What is a specific geographical feature of this country?

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Vocabulary List Conflict Gechit ግጭት Democracy/democratic Democracy/democratic ዴሞክራሲ/ዴሞክራቲክ Dictator Amba genenn Aምባ፡ገነን Dispute Til ጥል Election Mercha ምርጫ Government mengest መንግስት Human rights Sebawe mebt ሰብAዊ፡መብት Invade/invasion Werera ወረራ/መውረር Leader/ruler Meri መሪ Ministry minister ሚኒስቴር Nuclear bombs/weapons Nuclear bomb/mesaria ኑክሊይር፡መሳሪያ/ቦንብ Official Tewekiye ተወካይ Parliament parliament ፓርላመንት Policy Hegg ህግ Political party Political deregit ፖለቲካ፡ድርጅት President Meri(president) መሪ/ፕሬዝዳንት Prime minister Teklay minister ጠቅላይ፡ሚኒስቴር Racial Yezer የዘር Radical Akrari Aክራሪ Religious himanotgna ሃይማኖተኛ Republic Tewekaye ተወካይ State Kilil (kefele-hager) ክልል/ክፍለሃገር Term of office Gezai gedeb ግዜ፡ገደብ To kill Megdel መግደል To vote Mercha ምርጫ To invade Mewrer መውረር War Tornet ጦርነት World alem Aለም

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Answer Key 3. Compare your answers to the translation. Thousands of Observers to be Deployed in May Polls Some 3,000 observers are to be deployed throughout Ethiopia on 15 May to monitor elections, the Christian Relief and Development Association (CRDA), an umbrella body of civil-society organization, said. Ten donor countries have so far pledged around US$6 million to support the elections- only the third democratic ballot in Ethiopia’s history. Another 200 international observers are also expected on polling Day while the European Union is fielding a “long term”, election-observer mission, which is expected to arrive in the country on 15 March.

Bushe yemhonu abaloch merchawen lemetazabiwoch genbot yesatefalu Sost she yager abalat bu genbot 15 ye etiopian merach lemegenzeb be addis abea ketama yeserachalu sil ye Christian relief development association tenagrual. Yeredat ager abalatochu eske zare 6 million dollar bumesebseb merchawen lemedegef astewaseo adergewal. Yeh ye democratic merch bu Ethiopia tark wost siderg sostegna gize newu. Kezihem butchemari 200 yalem akef tazabiwoch ena ye auropa andentawe mehaber tewekayoch be 15 genbot yegebalu. Enesum leregym gezay merchawen lemegenzeb be addis abeba yekoyalu. 1. When is the Ethiopian election? 2. How many international observers will be present? 3. How much money has have donor counties pledged? 4. How many others will be deployed to monitor the election? 5. What other organization is monitoring the election on a long term mission? 1.የIትዮጵያ፡ምርጫ፡መቼ፡ነው? በግንቦት፡15 (Aስራ፡Aምስት፡ነው 2.ስንት፡ያAለም፡Aቀፍ፡ታዛቢዎች፡ይኖራሉ? ሁለት፡መቶ፡ያAለም፡Aቀፍ፡ታዛቢዎች ይኖራሉ 3.Eሰከ፡Aሁን፡ረዳት፡Aገሮች፡ስንት፡ያህል፡ገንዘብ፡Aስብስበዋል? ስድስት፡ሚሊዮን፡ ዶላር 4.በተጨማሪ፡ስንት፡ሰው፡በAዲስ፡Aበባ፡ምርጫውን፡ለመገንዘብ፡ይሰራጫል 5.በተጨማሪ፡የትኛው፡ማህበር፡ምርጫውን፡ለረጅም፡ጊዜ፡ይገነዘባል? የAውሮፓ፡የAንግነት፡መሃበር 9. 1. - …ante Vietnam-awe neh……………………..? Aንተ፡ቪየትናሚያዊ፡ነህ? - auo ene Vietnam-awe negn Aዎ፡Eኔ፡ቪየትናሚያዊ፡ነኝ 2. - ……anchi America-we nesh………………………? Aንቺ፡Aሜሪካዊ፡ነሽ? - I ene America-we ayedelehum ene Canada-we negn

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Aይ፡Eኔ፡Aሜሪቻዊ፡Aይደለሁም፡Eኔ፡ካናዳዊ፡ነኝ 3. - ante afghanistan neo woynes Pakistan yemetnorew..? Aንተ፡Aፍጋኒስታን፡ነው፡ወይንስ፡ፓኪስታን፡የምትኖረው - ene Pakistan neo yemenorew genn Afghanitan-awe negn Eኔ፡ፓኪስታን፡ነው፡የምኖረው፡ግን፡Aፍጋኒስታናዊ፡ነኝ 4. - …enante iraq-awe nachew..? Aናንተ፡Iራቃዊ፡ናቸሁ? - auo egna iraq-we nen Aዎ፡Eኛ፡Iራቃዊ፡ነን

10. 1. Afghanistan Afghanistan Aፍጋኒስታን 2. Engeliz England Eንግሊዝ 3. Japan Japan ጃፓን 4. Soreya Sryia ሶርያ 5. Gebs Egypt ግብፅ

End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. 1 .Foreign ministry names new ambassador to Egypt 2. Europen Union is deploying about 170 election observers. 3. Ethiopia threatens the Ugandan flower market. 4. UNESCO is helping the obelisk Axum to be returned form Italy. 5. An Ethiopian cargo plane crashed in Uganda. 2. 1. How much money will be allocated the first year? $20,889,452. 2. Who are the most vulnerable group of HIV in Ethiopia? Women and children. 3. How many facilities will there be for treatment center? There will be 38 facilities. 4. When will the funding begin and end? It begins on March 1 2005 and ends February 2007. 5. Where was the global meeting held? In Addis Ababa at the Gihon Hotel.

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Lesson 19 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ወታደራዊ wetaderawe The Military

This lesson will introduce you to: - Basic military vocabulary - The rank structure of the U.S. Army and Ethiopian military forces; - Names of weapons and army vehicles.

1. What do soldiers do? What do soldiers use? What do soldiers wear? The pictures will help you to guess the meaning of unknown terms. See the answer key if you need help.

enezi wetaderoch uniform (meleyo) lebsewal.egrachew lie bote chama ena rasachew lie yebret kofeya argewal. yebert kofeya rasachewn ke medf,teyet ena fegi yekelakelal.wetaderochu ejachew lie mesaria yezewal. Eነዚ፡ወታደሮች፡ዪኒፎርም(መለዮ) ለብሰዋል፡Eግራቸው፡ላይቦት፡ጫማ፡Eና፡ራሳቸው፡ላይ፡የብረት፡ ኮፍያ፡Aርገዋል።የብረት፡ኮፈያው፡ራሳቸውን፡ከመድፍ፡ጥይት፡Eና፡ፈንጂ፡ይከላከላል፡ወታደሮቹ፡ Eጃቸው፡ላይ፡መሳሪያ፡ይዘዋል።

ይሄ፡ወታደር፡ጠመንጃ፡ይተኩሳል ይሄ፡ወታደር፡ከAዛዡ፡ጋር፡

በሬዲዮ፡ይነጋገራል ይሄ፡ወታደር፡ተወርዋሪ፡ መሳሪያ፡Aለው

Yehay wetader temenga yetekusal Yehay wetader ke azagz garr bu radio yenageral

Yehay wetader tewerwari mesaria alewu

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2. Now listen to the new words and repeat them after the speaker. Soldier wetader ወታደር Uniform uniform (meleyo ) ዩኒፎርም/መለዮ Boots bot chama (boots) ቦት፡ጫማ/ቡትስ Helmet ye beret kofeya የብረት፡ኮፍያ To protect mekelakel መከላከያ Artillery medfegna መድፈኛ Ammunition Teyet ጥይት Explosives fengi ፈንጂ Weapons mesaria መሳሪያ Radio radio ሬዲዮ Commander azazg Aዛዥ To fire metekos መተኮስ Rifle temenga ጠመንጃ Rocket launcher tesfentari mesaria ተስፈንጣሪ፡መሳሪያ

3. Read the statements and match each one with the correct picture. Check the answer key.

1. 2. 3. A. Esu selamawi sew newu.esu mesaria yelewem. Esu lejoch alut Eሱ፡ሰላማዊ፡ሰው፡ነው።Eሱ፡መሳሪያ፡የለውም።Eሱ፡ልጆች፡Aሉት። B Esu wetader newu.esu mesaria alewu Eሱ፡ወታደር፡ነው።Eሱ፡መሳሪያ፡Aለው። C. Wetaderu selamawe sew mesaria endalewu yefeteshal ወታደሩ፡ሰላማዊ፡ሰላማዊ፡ሰው፡መሳሪያ፡Eንዳለው፡ይፈትሻል።

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4. Listen to the new words and repeat them after the speaker.

1. 2. 3

Yewetader radio maegenagna Fetno derash. Mekina

Ye-ayer mekawemia

የወታደር፡ረIዲዮ፡መገናኛ፡መኪና ፈጥኖ፡ደራሽ

የAየር፡መቃወሚያ

4. 5. 6.

Tank Tank Beret-lebesse ታንክ ታንክ ብረት፡ለበስ

5. Now cover the names of the vehicles with a sheet of paper and name them. Repeat Exercise 4 as many times as you need to, in order to feel comfortable with the new terms. 1. …………………….. 2. …………………….. 3. …………………….. 4. …………………….. 5. …………………….. 6. ……………………..

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6. Listen to the new words and repeat them after the speaker.

1. ሞርታር

Mortar (adafne) mortar

2. ጠመንጃ

temenga rifle

3. መትረየስ

Metreiuse (Brain) machine gun

4. የEጅ፡ቦንብ Ye-egge bomb

grenade

5. የተቀበረ፡ፈንጂ Yetekebere fengi

mine

6.ሽጉጥ Shegute

gun

7.ተወርዋሪ፡መሳሪያ Tewerwari mesaria

(missle) missile

8. ድብቅ፡መሳሪያ Debek mesaria weapons cache

7. Look at the pictures in Exercise 6. Cover the Amharic translations and the English words in Exercise 6. Match each term with the correct picture. Replay the sound as many times as you need to. Check your work with the answer key. A. የEጅ፡ቦንብ B. መትረየስ C. ጠመንጃ D. Aዳፍኔ/ሞርታር E. የተቀበረ፡ፈንጂ F. ድብቅ፡መሳሪያ G. ሽጉጥ H. ተወርዋሪ፡መሳሪያ

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8. In the following lists of items, three belong to the group, but the fourth does not logically belong. Cross it out. Check your work with the answer key.

tank ye egge bomb truck yewetader mekina ታንክ የEጅ፡ቦብ ትራክ የወታደር፡መኪና temenga adafne ye beret kofeya metreuise ጠመንጃ Aዳፍኔ የብረት፡ኮፈያ መትረየስ meleyo wetader selamwe sew azagz መለዮ ወታደር ሰላማዊ፡ሰው Aዛዠ radio carta minefield mesaria ራዲዮ ካርታ ማይንፊልድ መሳሪያ ye beret kofeya temenga meleyao bott chama የበረት፡ኮፍያ ጠመንጃ መለዮ ቦት፡ጫማ yetore mekonen wetader kefel azagz የጦር፡መኮንን ወታደር ክፍል Aዛዠ

9. Listen to and translate the following statements. Check your work with the answer key. 1. wetaderoch ye beret kofeya le teyet mekelakeya yaregalu. ወታደሮች፡የብረት፡ኮፍያ፡ለጥይት፡መከላከያ፡ያረጋሉ። 2. wetaderoch ye beret kofeya le fengi ena medef mekelakeya yaregalu. ወታደሮች፡የብረት፡ኮፈያ፡ለፈንጂ፡Eና፡መድፍ፡መከላከያ፡ያረጋሉ። 3. egna selamwe sewen hulu lie mesaria endale enfeteshalen Eኛ፡ሰላማዊ፡ሰውን፡ሁሉ፡ላይ፡መሳሪኣይ፡Eንዳለ፡Eንፈትሻለን። 4. egna yetelat wetader lie mesari endale enfeteshalen Eኛ፡የጠላት፡ወታደር፡ላይ፡መሳሪያ፡Eንዳለ፡Eንፈተሻለን።

10. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and mark the statement that you hear. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives. B. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from ammunition and artillery. 2. A. We are searching all civilians for weapons. B. We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons.

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11. Listen and repeat the new words after the speaker.

Army base ye torsefer የጦር፡ሰፈር Minefield yetekebere fengi የተቀበረ፡ፈንጂ Patrol yezuria kutetere የዙሪያ፡ቁጥጥር Be careful! tetenkek ተጠንቅቅ Roadblock yetagede menged የታገደ፡መንገድ Base menesha(Base) መነሻ/ቤዝ Curfew ye se-at elafi ሰAት፡Eላፊ Checkpoint yefetesha bota/(kella) የፍተሻ፡ቦታ Barracks yewotaderwoch menori የወታድሮች፡መኖሪያ In charge of ye…halafi የ…ሃላፊ Identification metawekia መታወቂያ

12. Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the vocabulary list above. Check your work with the answer key. A. –yehay yezuria kuteter newu? የሄ፡የዙሪያ፡ቁጥጥር፡ነው - oewu Aዎ - mann newu ___________________? ማን፡ንው፡ሃላፊ? - ye zuria kuteter meri newu. የዙሪያ፡ቁጥጥር፡መሪ፡ነው B. - ___________ ale? ከርፊው፡Aለ? - ke, 8:00 kemeshetu eske 6:00 ketewatu ከ 8.00 ከምሽቱ፡Eስከ፡6.00 ከጠዋቱ C. - ______________________! Yetekebere fengi ale! ተጠንቀቅ! የተቀበረ፡ፈንጂ፡Aለ D. hulum wetaderwoch ena officers metawekia wereket ___________ ena _______________ lie masayet alebachewu ሁሉም፡ወታደሮች፡Eና፡Oፊሰሮች፡መታወቂያ፡ወረቀት፡የታገደ፡መንገድ፡Eና፡የፍተሻ፡ቦታ፡ላይ፡ማሳየት Aለባቸው E. ye wetaderoch menoria ____________ mann newu? የወታደሮች፡መኖሪያ፡ሃላፊ፡ማን፡ነው? Ezazu Dawit alemu, newu esu halafi newu Aዛዡ፡ዳዊት፡Aለሙ፡ነው፡Eሱ፡ሃላፊ፡ነው

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13. Working with a partner, take turns reading and role-playing the dialogues from Exercise 12. 14. Working in a small group, come up with similar dialogues, and then role-play them.

15. Study the list of U.S. Army ranks. Compare them with the Ethiopian military equivalents.

Enlisted Private wetader ወታደር Corporal aser aleka Aስር፡Aለቃ Sergeant meketel yamesa aleka ያምሳ፡Aለቅ Sergeant Major yamesa aleka ያምሳ፡Aለቃ Officer Lieutenant meto aleka መቶ፡Aላቃ Captain shamble ሻምበል Major shaleka ሻለቃ Lt. Colonel Lt.cololen ሌትና፡ኮለኔል Colonel colonel ኮለኔል General general ጀነራል

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Work with a partner or in a small group. In Amharic, come up with a caption for each picture below.

1. …………………………………………………… . 2. …………………………………………………….. 3. … …………………………………………… …… 2. a) Translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the answer key.

A. Debek mesariyawu yet newu? ድብቅ፡መሳሪይው፡የት፡ነው? B. yezih yezuria kuteter halafi manewu? የዚህ፡የዙሪያ፡ቁጥጥር፡ሃላፊ፡ማን፡ነው? C. fetesha bota setalf metawekia wereket masayet alebeh ፍተሻ፡ቦታ፡ስታልፍ፡መታወቂያ፡ማሳየት፡Aለብህ D. hulum selamwe sew mesari mefetesh alebet ሁሉም፡ሰላማዊ፡ሰው፡መሳሪያ፡መፈተሽ፡Aለበት E. se-at elafi bu 9.00 kemeshetu yegemral. Ahune 9:45 newu. bait temelesu. ሰAት፡Eላፊ፡በ9.00 ከምስቱ፡ይጀምራል።Aሁን፡9.45 ነው፡ቤት፡ተመለሱ F. wetaderoch becha nachewu wetaderawe menoria megabat yemichelut ወታደሮች፡ብቻ፡ናቸው፡ወታደራዊ፡መኖሪያ፡መግባት፡የሚችሉት

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b) Work with a partner or in a small group. Come up with a situation where you can use sentences C, D, E, and F as a reply. Create the first part of the conversation so that you have short dialogues. Role-play them. 3. a) Translate the following into Amharic. Compare your translation against the answer key. A. Please step out of the car. We must search the vehicle for weapons. B. It is after curfew. You must come with me for questioning. C. The weapons cache is on the other side of Checkpoint Delta. D. Be careful. There is a minefield east of the railroad. E. Every soldier needs to have a radio and a map. F. You must know all the checkpoints and roadblocks in this area.

b) Work with a partner or in a small group. Come up with a situation where you can use these sentences as a reply. Create the first part of the conversation so that you have short dialogues. Role-play them.

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Vocabulary List

Ammunition Teyet ጥይት Army base Yetore serawit sefer የጦር፡ሰፈር Artillery Mudfegna መድፈኛ Barracks Yewetader sefer/menoria የወታደራዊ፡ሰፈር/መኖሪያ Base Sefer (menesha) ሰፈር/መነሻ Be careful! Tetenkek ተጠንቀቅ Boots Botte chama(boots) ቦት፡ጫማ/ቡትስ Checkpoint Mekotateria botta መቆጣጠሪያ፡ቦታ Civilian Wetader yalhone (selamawe sew) ወታደር፡ያልሆነ/ሰላማዊ፡ሰው Commander Azagz Aዛዝ Curfew Se-at elafi ሰAት፡Eላፊ Enemy Telat ጠላት Explosive Fengi ፈንጂ Grenade Ye ege bomb የEጅ፡ቦንብA Gun Shegut ሽጉጥ Helmet Ye beret kofeya የብረት፡ኮፍያ In charge (of a patrol, base)

Ye….halafi የ….ሃላፊ

Machine gun Metreyes መትረየስ Map Carta ካርታ Military Wetaderawe ወታደራዊ Mine Yetekebere fengi የተቀበረ፡ፈንጂ Minefield Yeteknere fengi maida የተቀበረ፡መሳሪያ Missile Tewerwari mesaria ተወርዋሪ፡መሳሪያ Mortar Adafne Aዳፍኔ Officer Yetor mekonen የጦር፡መኮንን Protection Meklakeya መከላከያ Radio Radio ራዲዮ Rank Mu-ereg መAረግ Rifle Tumenga ጠመንጃ Roadblock Yetagede menged የታገደ፡መንገድ Rocket Tewerwari ተወርዋሪ Rocket launcher Tewerwari mesaria ተወርዋሪ፡መሳሪያ Search Mu-fetesh መፈተሽ Soldier Wetader ወታደር Tank Tank ታንክ Uniform Uniform(meleyo) ዩኒፎርም/መለዮ Weapons Musaria መሳሪያ Weapons cache Debek mesaria ድብቅ፡መሳሪያ Private Wetader ወታደር Corporal Yaser aleka ያስር፡Aለቃ

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Sergeant Meketel yamesa aleka ምክትል፡ያምሳ፡Aለቃ Sergeant Major Yamesa aleka ያምሳ፡Aለቃ Officer Mekonen መኮንን Lieutenant Yemeto aleka ያመቶ፡Aለቃ Captain Shambel ሻምበል Major Shaleka ሻለቃ Lt. Colonel Lt.colonel ሌተናል፡ኮሎኔል Colonel Colonel ኮሎኔል General General ጀነራል

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Answer Key 1.

These soldiers wear uniforms. They wear boots on their feet and helmets on their heads. The helmets protect their heads from artillery, ammunition, and explosives. The soldiers have weapons in their hands.

This soldier fires his rifle.

This soldier talks on the radio with his commander.

This soldier has a rocket launcher.

3. A. 3 He is a civilian. He does not have weapons. He has children. Esu selamawi sew neo.esu mesaria yelewem. Esu lejoch alut B. 2 He is a soldier. He has a weapon. Esu wetader neo.esu mesaria alew C. 1 The soldier searches the civilian for weapons. Wetaderu selamawe sew mesaria endalew yefeteshal

7. A. grenade - ye-egge bomb/የEጅ፡ቦንብ B. machine gun - metreiuse (brain)መትረየስ C. rifle - temenga/ጠመንጃ

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D. mortar - adafne (mortar)/Aዳፍኔ/ሞርታር E. mine - yetekebere fengi/የተቀበረ፡ፈንጂ F. weapons cache - debek mesaria/ድብቅ፡መሳሪያ G. gun - shegute/ሽጉጥ H. missile - tewerwari mesaria/ተወርዋሪ፡መሳሪያ 8. 1. Tank Grenade Truck Humvee 2. Rifle Mortar Helmet Machine Gun 3. Uniform Soldier Civilian Commander 4. Radio Map Minefield Weapon 5. Helmet Artillery Uniform Boots 6. Officer Soldier Civilian Commander

9. 1. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from ammunition. 2. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives and artillery. 3. We are searching all civilians for weapons. 4. We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons.

10. 1. A. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives. 1. A. wetaderoch ye beret kofeya le nefas mekelakeya yaregalu.. ወታደሮች፡የብረት፡ኮፍያ፡ለነፋስ፡መከላከያ፡ያረጋሉ። 2. B. We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons. B. egna yetelat wetader lie mesari endale enfeteshalen Eኛ፡የጠላት፡ወታደር፡ላይ፡መሳሪያ፡Eንዳለ፡Eንፈተሻለን።

12. A. - Is this a patrol? –yehay yezuria kuteter neo? የሄ፡የዙሪያ፡ቁጥጥር፡ነው - Yes. – auo Aዎ - Who is in charge? - mann neo _____halafi__? ማን፡ንው፡ሃላፊ? - The patrol leader. - ye zuria kuteter meri neo. የዙሪያ፡ቁጥጥር፡መሪ፡ነው B. - Is there a curfew? B. - __curfew_ ale? ከርፊው፡Aለ? - Yes, from 8:00 P.M. to 6:00 A.M. - ke, 8:00 kemeshetu eske 6:00 ketewatu

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ከ 8.00 ከምሽቱ፡Eስከ፡6.00 ከጠዋቱ C. - Be careful! There are mines! ___tetenkek___! Yetekebere fengi ale! ተጠንቀቅ! የተቀበረ፡ፈንጂ፡Aለ D. All soldiers and officers must show their ID’s at roadblocks and at checkpoints. . hulum wetaderwoch ena officers metawekia wereket __yetagede menged_________ ena ___yefetaesha bota ____________ lie masayet alebachew ሁሉም፡ወታደሮች፡Eና፡Oፊሰሮች፡መታወቂያ፡ወረቀት፡የታገደ፡መንገድ፡Eና፡የፍተሻ፡ቦታ፡ላይ፡ማሳየትAለባቸው E. - Who is in charge of the barracks? ye wetaderoch menoria ____halafi________ mann neo? የወታደሮች፡መኖሪያ፡ሃላፊ፡ማን፡ነው? - The unit commander, Dawit Alemu, is in charge. Ezazu Dawit alemu, noe esu halafi noe. Aዛዡ፡ዳዊት፡Aለሙ፡ነው፡Eሱ፡ሃላፊ፡ነው

End-of-Lesson Tasks 2. a)

A. Where is the weapons cache? B. Who is in charge of this patrol? C. You must show your ID when you pass the checkpoint. D. All civilians must be searched for weapons. E. Curfew starts at 9:00 p.m. It’s 9:45 now. Go back to your home. F. Only soldiers may enter the military base.

3. a) A. ebakot ke mekina weredu. egna mekinawen mesaria endalew mefetesh aleben Eባኮት፡ከመኪና፡ይውረዱ፡Eና፡መኪናዎ፡መሳሪያ፡ኣንዳለው፡መፈተሽ፡Aላበን B. ke se-at elafi behula neo. le teyake ke engna garr memtat alebot ከሰAት፡Eላፊ፡በሁዋላ፡ነው፡ለትያቄ፡ከEኛ፡ጋር፡መምጣት፡Aለቦት C. debbek mesaria bu layla mefetesha bota lie noe ድብቅ፡መሳሪያ፡በሌላ፡መፈተሻ፡ቦታ፡ላይ፡ነው D. tetenkek. Bu babour hadid mesrak bekul yetekeber fengi ተጠንቀቅ፡በባቡር፡ሃዲድ፡ምስራቅ፡በኩል፡የተቀበረ፡ፈንጂ E. hulum wetader radio ena carta endinorew yasfelgewal ሁሉም፡ወታደ፡ሬዲዮ፡Eና፡ካርታ፡Eንዲኖረው፡ያስፈልገዋል F. ante hulun yetaged menged ena yefetesha bota akababi mawek alebh Aንተ፡ሁሉም፡የታገደ፡መንገድ፡Eና፡የፍተሻ፡ቦታ፡Aካባቢ፡ማወቅ፡Aለብህ

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Lesson 20 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 ሃኪም፡ቤት፡ውስጥ Hakim bait wost In the Hospital This lesson will introduce you to:

- The vocabulary related to the medical emergency and life-saving measures - The terminology related to internal organs - The ways to ask questions about the vital signs.

Health care in Ethiopia is very poor; there is a great shortage of doctors, nurses and medical professionals. Also, there are very few hospitals with modern technology to perform complex surgery or to diagnose illness. There are state-run hospitals in major cities, and several private hospitals and clinics. Most people cannot afford private health care since there is no medical insurance; therefore, they go to state-run hospitals that are free but are not the best. The private hospitals are modern, but only the rich can afford them. People in rural areas have to travel for days to get health care at state hospitals. There is an ER, but the ambulance service is not nearly as efficient as it is in the West, so people do not use it as much. It is very important to know how to communicate in case of a crisis where medical attention is needed. Students should expect a chaotic situation where it is difficult to do their duties because of mass crowds gathering at the scenes of disasters or at a place where someone is hurt. Everyone will try to intervene, either to help, or to take advantage of the victims. One must always take along a native who speaks the language. In Lesson 17, you already learned the names of human body parts, how to ask questions about a person’s state of health, and how to describe health conditions and symptoms of sickness. You also know how to handle the visit to the doctor’s office. In this lesson, you will familiarize yourself with the vocabulary used for life-threatening health conditions, such as heart attacks, gunshot wounds, severe bleeding, and head injuries.

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1. Go over the text with the pictures. Try to understand the meaning of unknown words from the context.

1 2 yehay sewyea eggu tegudtul yechi setyo eggu lie kusel ale ይሄ፡ሰውዬ፡Eጁ፡ተጎድቷል ይቺ፡ሴትዬ፡Eጁዋ፡ላይ፡ቁስል፡Aለ

3 4 yehay sewyea ye kosele eggir alew. Yehay sewyea ye angeta gudat alew ይሄ፡ሰውዬ፡የቆሰለ፡Eግር፡Aለው ይሄ፡ሰውዬ፡የAንገት፡ጉዳት፡Aለው Did you understand the words wound/wounded and injury/injured? You’re right! They are kusel/mekusel and gudat/megodat. 2. Look at the pictures in Exercise 1 and match the number of the picture with the correct definition. Check the answer key. A. ye kosele egir/የቆሰለ፡Eገር picture number _____. B. ye anget gudat/የAንገት፡ጉዳት picture number _____. C. ye kosele egge/የቆሰለ፡Eጅ picture number _____. D. ye ras gudat/የራስ፡ጉዳት picture number _____. 3. Tell your classmates in Amharic if you ever had an injury or/and wounds.

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4. Listen to and read the dialogue between the doctor and the nurse in the emergency room of a military hospital. Note the use of new vocabulary. Doctor: How does Sergeant Samuel feel? Doctor: meketel yamesalke endate nachew? ዶክተር---ምክትል፡ያምሳለቃ፡Eንዴት፡ናቸው? Nurse: He feels bad, Doctor Hasssan. Nurse: esachew betam tamewal doctor hassan ነርስ---Eሳቸው፡በጣም፡ታመዋል፡ዶክተር፡ሃሰን Doctor: What is the matter with him? Doctor : esachew menn honeual? ዶክተር---Eሳቸው፡ምን፡ሆነዋል? Nurse: His leg hurts. Nurse: yesachew egirachewn amuachewal ነርስ---Eሳቸው፡Eግራቸውን፡Aሟቸዋል Doctor: Is it injured? Doctor: tegoudtul? ዶክተር---ተጎድተዋል? Nurse: Yes. He has a gunshot wound. He is bleeding. Nurse: auo esachew ye bu teyet kuslewl . dem yefedachewal ነርስ---Aዎ፡Eሳቸው፡በጥይት፡ቆስለዋል።ደም፡ይፈሳቸዋል Doctor: Does he have fever? Doctor esachew tekusalt alachew ዶክተር---Eሳቸው፡ተኩሳት፡Aላቸው Nurse: Yes, he does. Nurse: auo alachew ነርስ---Aዎ፡Aላቸው Doctor: Is he taking any medications? Doctor: esachew medhanit eyewesedu neo? ዶክተር---Eሳቸው፡መድሃኒት፡Eየወሰዱ፡ነው? Nurse: Yes, antibiotics and painkillers. Nurse: auo antibiotic ena ye sekie medhanit ነርስ---Aዎ፡Aንቲባዮቲክ፡Eና፡ያሰቃይ፡መድሃኒት

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5. Work with a partner. Role-play the dialogue from Exercise 2. 6. Match each of the pictures with the corresponding statement. Try to guess the meanings of unknown words from the context. Check your answers with the answer key.

A B C 1. yehay wetader eggir tegodtual ይሄ፡ወታደር፡Eገር፡ተጎድቱዋል 2. yehay sewyea kofeya alaregem zare. Betam yemok neber. Ahun yesehi mech metotal ይሄ፡ሰውዬ፡ከፍያ፡Aላደረገም፡ዛሬ።በጣም፡የሞቅ፡ነበር፡Aሁን፡የፀሃይ፡ምች፡መቶታል

3. yehay sewyea fasha egu kusel lie zuria temtemual ይሄ፡ሰውዬ፡ፋሻ፡Eጁ፡ቁስል፡ላይ፡ዙሪያ፡ጠምጥማል

7. Listen to the speaker and read along in your textbook. Check the answer key for an English translation.

enezi fasha ena plaster nachew. Ante(M) anchi (F) kusel woynen mekoret lie bu fash meteklel alebeh(M) alebesh(F) nesuh mehon alebet. Eነዚ፡ፋሻ፡Eና፡ፕላስተር፡ናቸው።Aንተ/Aንቺ፡ቁስል፡ወይንም፡መቆረጥ፡ላይ፡በፋሻ፡ መጠቅለል፡Aለብህ/Aለብሽ።ንፁህ፡መሆን፡Aለበት።

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8. In order to make someone look like the man in the picture below, what will you need?

9. Familiarize yourself with some new medical terminology. Listen as the speaker recites the names of internal organs. Repeat after the speaker.

1 2 3 4 5 1. heart Lebb ልብ 2. brain Angol Aንጎል 3. lung Samba ሳምባ 4. kidney Kulaleet ኩላሊት 5. liver Gubet ጉበት

10. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate name of the organ in Amharic. Check your answers with the answer key. lebb, gubet, sanba, kulaleet, angol ልብ/ጉበት/ሳንባ/ኩላሊት/Aንጎል A. Ye sew ____________ le hulum ye sewnte enkesekase halfinet alew.

የሰው_____፡ለሁሉም፡የሰውነት፡Eንቅስቃሴ፡ሃላፊነት፡Aለው። B. _________ betam asfelagi yesewnet kefil neo mekneyatum ye sewneten choma

yatefal. ______፡በጣም፡Aስፈላጊ፡የሰውነት፡ክፍል፡ነው፡ምክነያቱም፡የሰውነት፡ጮማ፡ያጠፋል

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C. Sport mesrat lene ____________ betam asfelagi neo ስፖርት፡መስራት፡ለኔ፡____፡በጣም፡Aስፈላጊ፡ነው

D. Cigara maches ye ____________nekersa yametal

ሲጋራ፡ማጨስ፡_____፡ነቀርሳ፡ያመጣል E. bezu weha metetat le ___________ betam yetekmal ብዙ፡ወሃ፡መጠጣት፡_____፡በጣም፡ይጠቅማል

11. Listen to and read the dialogue between the doctor and a patient in a military hospital emergency room. In the Military Hospital Emergency Room

Doctor: Hello, Major Belachew. ዶክተር--ሰላም፡ሻለቃ፡በላቸው Doctor:Selam shaleka Belachew Major: Good morning, Doctor Seyum. ሻለቃ--Eንደምን፡Aደሩ፡ዶክተር፡ስዩም Shaleka: endemen aderu doctor seyum

Doctor: What happened to you? ዶክተር--ምን፡ሆኑ? Doctor:menn honu?

Major: I don’t now. I didn’t feel well… I had chest pain, headache, and dizziness.

ሻለቃ--Eኔ፡Eንጃ፡ደህና፡Aይሰማኝም፡ደረቴ፡ላይ፡ያመኛል፡ራስ፡ምታት፡Eና፡ማዞር Shaleka:ene enga .dehana ayesemagnem…deret lie yamegnal,ras-metat,ena mazor

Doctor: For how long did you have your symptoms?

ዶክተር--ስንት፡ግዜ፡ነው፡Aንደዚ፡ከተሰማዎት Doctor:cent gizay neo endezi ketesemot?

Major: For about 2 days.

ሻለቃ---ሁለት፡ቀን፡Aካባቢ Shaleka:Hulet ken akababi

Doctor: Did you take any medications?

ዶክተር--መድሃኒት፡ወስደዋል Doctor: medhanit wesdewal?

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Major: Yes, I took painkillers. ሻለቃ--Aዎ፡የስቃይ Shaleka: auo ye sekie

Doctor: For how long?

ዶክተር--ለስንት፡ጊዜ? Doctor: le cent gezai?

Major: For about 2 days… What happened to me, doctor?

ሻለቃ--ለሁለት፡ቀን….ምንድን፡ነው፡የሆንኩት Shaleka: Le hulet ken…menden neo yehonkut doctor?

Doctor: Well, when you got in the ER, you couldn’t breathe. We had to do CPR. You had abnormal blood pressure. It was 230 over 180. You had a heart attack. What symptoms do you have now?

Eንገዲህ፡Eዚህ፡ድንገተኛ፡ሲማጡ፡መተንፈስ፡Aቅቶት፡ነው።የመጀመሪያ፡ Eርዳታ፡Aደረግንሎት።የደም፡ፕሬሸሮት፡ደህና፡Aልነበረም፡230 በ 180 ነበር።ልብ፡ድካም፡ነበሮት፡Aሁን፡Eንዴት፡ኖት? Doctor:engedih ezi dengetena simetu metenfes aketot neo.yemejemeriya erdate aderegnelot.yedem presurewot dehena alneberem 230 bu 180 neber lebb dekam neberot ahun endate noot?

Major: I feel weakness.

ሻለቃ--ድካም፡የሰማኛል Shaleka:dekam yesemagnal

Doctor: Are you allergic to any medications?

ዶክተር--የመድሃኒት፡Aለርጂ፡Aሌት? Doctor:ye medhanit allegy alot?

Major: Yes, I’m allergic to penicillin.

ሻለቃ--Aዎ፡ለፔኒሲሊን፡Aለርጂ፡ነኝ Shaleka:auo le penicillin allergy negn

Doctor: Do you have any kidney, liver, lung, or brain diseases? Diabetes? Cancer?

ዶክተር--የኩላሊት፡ጉበት፡ሳንባ፡ወይንም፡Aየንጎል፡በሽታ፡Aሎት?ስኩዋር፡በሽታ? ነቀርሳ? Doctor:ye kulaleet,gubet,sanba,woynem ye angol besheta a lot? Sekuar beshta? Nekersa?

Major: No, I don’t.

ሻለቃ--Aይ፡የለኝም Shaleka:I yelegnem

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Doctor: Do you smoke?

ዶክተር--ያጨሳሉ? Doctor:yachesalu?

Major: No, I don’t.

ሻለቃ--Aይ፡Aላጨስም I alegsem

Doctor: Do any members of your family have heart diseases or have they had a heart attack?

ዶክተር--ከቤተሰብ፡ውስጥ፡የልብ፡በሽታ፡ወይንም፡የልብ፡ድካም፡Aለ? Doctor:ke baitese wost ye lebb besheta woynem ye lebb dakam ale?

Major: Yes, my father died three years ago from heart disease.

ሻለቃ--፡Aዎ፡Aባቴ፡በልብ፡በሽታ፡የዛሬ፡ሶስት፡Aመት፡ሞተ Shaleka:auo abate bu lebb besheta ye zare sost amet mote

Doctor: Well, I think you must stay in the hospital and rest for a few days.

ዶክተር--Eንግዲ፡ለትንሽ፡ቀን፡ሃኪም፡ቤት፡መቆየት፡Aለቦት፡ይመስለኛል Doctor: engedi le tenesh ken hakim bait mekoyut alebot yemeslegnal

Major: But I need to get back to my unit!

ሻለቃ--ግን፡ከጦር፡ክፍል፡ግር፡መመለስ፡Aለብኝ Shaleka:Gen ke tor kefel gar memeless alebegn

Doctor: No, you have to stay in the hospital, rest, and take aspirin. ዶክተር--Aይ፡ሃኪም፡ቤት፡መቆየት፡ማረፍ፡Eና፡Aስፒሪን፡መውሰድ፡Aለቦት Doctor:I hakim bait mekoyet , maref ena aspirin mewsed alebot

12. Listen to and read the dialogue between Doctor Negist and his colleague, Doctor Mulatu. Answer the follow-up questions. Check your answers with the answer key. Doctor Mulatu: shaleka Belachew menn honewal? ዶክተር፡ሙላቱ ሻለቃ፡በለቻው፡ምን፡ሆነዋል? Doctor Negist: esu lebb dekam yezotal ዶክተር፡ንግስት Eሱ፡ልብ፡ድካም፡ይዞታል Doctor Mulatu: menn yesemachewal ahun? ዶክተር፡ሙላቱ ምን፡ይሰማቸዋል፡Aሁን?

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Doctor Negist: esu yederet wegat, rasmetat, woynem mazor alew. Esu dekam yesemawal ዶክተር፡ንግስት Eሱ፡የደረት፡ውጋት፡ራስ፡ምታት፡ወይንም፡መዞር፡Aለው።Eሱ፡ድካም ይሰማዋል Doctor Mulatu: yedem pressure kuter? ዶክተር፡ሙላቱ ይደም፡ፕሬሸር፡ቁጥር? Doctor Negist: dehana neo: 140 bu 80 belie neo ዶክተር፡ንግስት ደህና፡ነው፡140 በ 80 በላይ፡ነው Doctor Mulatu: le medhanit allergic neo? ዶክተር፡ሙላቱ ለመድሃኒት፡Aለርጂክ፡ነው? Doctor Negist: auo , esu ye penicillin allergic neo. esu aspirin ahun wesdual. ዶክተር፡ንግስት Aዎ፡Eሱ፡የፔኒሲሊን፡Aለርጂክ፡ነው።Eሱ፡Aስፕሪን፡Aሁን፡ወስዱዋል Doctor Mulatu: esu sekuar besheta woynem nekersa alebet? Ciggara yachesal? ድክተር፡ሙላቱ Eሱ፡ስኩዋር፡በሽታ፡ወይንም፡ነቀርሳ፡Aለቦት? Doctor Nigest: I yelewem ዶክተር፡ንግስት Aይ፡Aይደለም Doctor Mulatu: baite seb wost ye lebb besheta woynes dekam ale? ዶክተር፡ሙላቱ ቤተሰብ፡ውስጥ፡የልብ፡በሽታ፡ወይንስ፡ድካም፡Aለ? Doctor Negest: auo, yesu abat ye zare sost amet bu lebb besheta moteual. ዶክተር፡ንግስት Aዎ፡የሱ፡Aባት፡የዛሬ፡ሶስት፡Aመት፡በልብ፡በሽታ፡ሞቱዋል Doctor Mulatu: engedi,esu letenish ken hakim bait mekoyet alebet yemeslegnal. ዶክተር፡ሙላቱ Eንግዲህ፡Eሱ፡ለትንሽ፡ቀን፡ሃኪም፡ቤት፡መቆየት፡Aለቦት፡የመስለኛል Questions: 1). What happened to Major Belachew? 2). What symptoms did Major Belachew have and for how long? 3). How does he feel now? What is his blood pressure? Is that normal or abnormal? 4). Is he allergic to any medications? Is he taking any medications now? 5). Does he have liver, kidney, brain, or lung diseases? Diabetes or cancer? 6). Does he smoke? 7). Do his family members have heart diseases? 8). Did any family members die from heart diseases? 9). Will Major Belachew stay in the hospital?

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13. Work with a partner. Pretend to be Doctor Negist and Doctor Mulatu from Exercise 12. Discuss Major Belachew’s health conditions. Role-play the dialogue from Exercise 12. 14. Match the questions and answers. Check your work with the answer key. A. Endat neh(M) nesh(F) noot(older/formal)Eንዴት፡ነህ/ነሽ/ኖት?

1. Auo ene ye teyet gudat egay lie alegn Aዎ፡Eኔ፡የጥይት፡ጉዳት፡Eጄ፡ላይ፡Aለኝ

B. Menn honk? ምን፡ሆንክ?

2. Ene dekam ena yazoregnal Eኔ፡ድካም፡Eና፡ያዞረኛል

C. Menn yesemahal(M) yesemashal(F) yesemawotal(O/F)? ምን፡ይሰማሃል/ይሰማሻል/ይሰማዎታል?

3. Yene kusel eyedema neo የኔ፡ቁስል፡Eየደማ፡ነው

D. hemem aleh(M) alesh(F) alot (O/F)? ስቃይ፡Aለህ/Aለሽ/Aሎት?

4. Hodain yamegnal ሆዴን፡ያመኛል

E. Yetu ga yamehal(M) yameshal(F) yamotal(F?O)? የቱ፡ጋር፡ያምሃል/ያምሻል/ያሞታል?

5. Auo deretain yamegnal. Metenfes alchlemAዎ፡ደረቴን፡ያመኛል፡መተንፈስ፡Aልችልም

F. Koslewal? ቆስለዋል?

6. Auo hemem medhanit Aዎ፡የህመም፡መድሃኒት

G. Medahanitoch lie neh(M) nesh(F)not(O/F)? መድሃኒትዎች፡ላይ፡ነህ/ነሽ/ኖት?

7. Ene betam amognal Eኔ፡በጣም፡Aሞኛል

15. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and mark the statement that you hear. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my arm. B. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my leg. C. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my neck. 2. A. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I have a chest pain. B. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I feel dizziness. C. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I can’t breathe. 3. A. Is there a doctor here? This man just had a heart attack. B. Are you a doctor? This man just had a heart attack. C. I am a doctor. This man just had a heart attack.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Please answer the following questions in Amharic:

A. What is your normal pulse? B. What is your normal blood pressure? C. Are you allergic to any medications? D. Have you ever had a head injury? E. Have you ever had a heat stroke?

2. Work with a partner or in a small group. Look at the picture and tell in Amharic what you think happened to the patient. You might want to mention the following things: Is the patient a man or a woman? What is his/her age? Is he/she a soldier? Is he/she wounded? Is he/she injured? Is he/she in pain? Does he/she have bleeding? Does he/she have a fever? Will he/she need to stay in the hospital? Does he/she have high blood pressure? Does he/she have chest pain? Is he/she having a heart attack? Can he/she breathe? Will he/she need CPR? Is he/she allergic to any medications? Is he/she taking any medications?

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Vocabulary list Abnormal Tekekelegna yalehaone ትክክለኛ፡ያልሆነ Aspirin Aspirin Aስፒሪን Bandage Yeplaster fasha የፕላስተር፡ፋሻ Band-aid Plaster ፕላስተር Bleeding Medmatt መድማት Brain Angol Aንጎል Breathing Metenfes መተንፈስ Cancer Nekersa ነቀርሳ CPR Yemegemeria erdata የመጀመሪያ፡Eርዳታ Cut Mekoret መቆረጥ Diabetes Sekuar besheta ስኩዋር፡በሽታ Dressing Yecherk fasha የጨርቅ፡ፋሻ ER Dengetegna hikemena ድንገተኛ፡ህክምና Gunshot wound Yeteyet kusel የጥይት፡ቁስል Head injury Yeras gudat የራስ፡ጉዳት Heart Lebb ልብ Heart attack Yelebb dekam የልብ፡ድካም Heart disease Yelebb besheta ይልብ፡በሽታ Heat stroke Yesehi mech/bezat የፀሃይ፡መች/ብዛት High blood pressure Demm bezat ደም፡ብዛት I am allergic to… Are you allergic to…

Ene le…..allergic negn Ante(M) le …..allergic neh?

Eኔ፡ለ..Aለርጂክ፡ነኝ Aንተ፡ለ…Aለርጂክ፡ነህ

Injured Megodat መጎዳት Injury Gudat ጉዳት Kidney Kulaleet ኩላሊት Liver Gubet ጉበት Lungs Sanba ሳንባ Organs Yesewnet kefil የሰውነት፡ክፈል Painkillers Yesekaye medhnit የስቃይ፡መድሃኒት Penicillin Penicillin ፔኒሲሊን Pulse Tereta ትርታ Sterile Bumedhanit yeseda በመድሃኒት፡የፀዳ To die Memot መሞት To stay Mekoyet መቆየት Wound/ Wounded

Kusel/mekusel ቁስል/መቁሰል

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Answer Key 2. A. Wounded leg - picture number __ 3__. B. Injured neck - picture number __ 4__. C. Wounded arm - picture number __ 1__. D. Head injury - picture number __ 1__. 6.

1. A This soldier has an injured leg. 2. B This man didn’t wear his hat. It was very hot today. Now he has a heat stroke.

3. C This man has a dressing on his wounded arm.

7. These are bandages and band-aids. You need them to make a dressing for a cut or wound. They have to be sterile. 10.

A. The human _brain___ is in charge of all body system functions. A. Ye sew ___angol_________ le hulum ye sewnte enkesekase halfinet alew. የሰው፡Aንጎል፡ለሁሉም፡የሰውነት፡Eንቅስቃሴ፡ሃላፊነት፡Aለው። B. The _liver__ is a very important organ because it helps our body to get rid of fat. B. ___gubet______ betam asfelagi yesewnet kefil neo mekneyatum ye sewneten choma yatefal. ጉበት፡በጣም፡Aስፈላጊ፡የሰውነት፡ክፍል፡ነው፡ምክነያቱም፡የሰውነት፡ጮማ፡ያጠፋል C. Exercising is very important for my _heart__. C. Sport mesrat lene __lebb__________ betam asfelagi neo ስፖርት፡መስራት፡ለኔ፡ልብ፡በጣም፡Aስፈላጊ፡ነው

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D. Smoking can cause __lung__cancer. D. Cigara maches ye ____samba________nekersa yametal ሲጋራ፡ማጨስ፡የሳምባ፡ነቀርሳ፡ያመጣል E. Drinking a lot of water is necessary for the _kidneys___ . E. Bezu weha metetat le ___kulaleet________ betam yetekmal ብዙ፡ወሃ፡መጠጣት፡ለኩላሊት፡በጣም፡ይጠቅማል

12. Compare your answers with the translation. Doctor Mulatu: What a matter with Major Belachew? Doctor Negist He had a heart attack. Doctor Malatu: What symptoms does he have now? Doctor Negist: He doesn’t have chest pain, headache, or dizziness. He feels weakness. Doctor Mulatu: Blood pressure? Doctor Negist: It’s normal now: 140 over 80. Doctor Mulatu: Is he allergic to any medications? Doctor Negist: Yes, he is allergic to penicillin. He is taken aspirin now. Doctor Mulatu: Does he have diabetes or cancer? Does he smoke? Doctor Negist: No, he doesn’t. Doctor Mulatu: Heart diseases or heart attack in his family? Doctor Negist: Yes, his father died three years ago from heart disease. Doctor Mulatu: Well, I think he has to stay in the hospital for a few days. 14. A. How do you feel? 1. Yes, I have a gunshot injury in my arm. Endat neh(M) nesh(F) noot(older/formal) Eንዴት፡ነህ/ነሽ/ኖት?

Auo ene ye teyet gudat egay lie alegn Aዎ፡Eኔ፡የጥይት፡ጉዳት፡Eጄ፡ላይ፡Aለኝ

B. What is the matter with you? 2. I feel weakness and dizziness. Menn honk? ምን፡ሆንክ?

Ene dekam ena yazoregnal Eኔ፡ድካም፡Eና፡ያዞረኛል

C. What do you feel? 3. My wound is bleeding. Menn yesemahal(M) yesemashal(F) yesemawotal(O/F)? ምን፡ይሰማሃል/ይሰማሻል/ይሰማዎታል?

Yene kusel eyedema neo የኔ፡ቁስል፡Eየደማ፡ነው

D. Are you in pain? 4. My stomach hurts. hemem aleh(M) alesh(F) alot (O/F)? ስቃይ፡Aለህ/Aለሽ/Aሎት?

Hodain yamegnal ሆዴን፡ያመኛል

E. Where does it hurt? 5. Yes, I have chest pain. I can’t breathe. Yetu ga yamehal(M) yameshal(F) yamotal(F?O)? የቱ፡ጋር፡ያምሃል/ያምሻል/ያሞታል?

Auo deretain yamegnal. Metenfes alchlem Aዎ፡ደረቴን፡ያመኛል፡መተንፈስ፡Aልችልም

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F. Are you injured? 6. Yes, painkillers. Koslewal? ቆስለዋል?

Auo hemem medhanit Aዎ፡የህመም፡መድሃኒት

G. Are you taking any medication? 7. I feel really bad. Medahanitoch lie neh(M) nesh(F)not(O/F)? መድሃኒትዎች፡ላይ፡ነህ/ነሽ/ኖት?

Ene betam amognal Eኔ፡በጣም፡Aሞኛል

A – 7 B - 3 C – 2 D – 5 E – 4 F – 1 G - 6 15. 1. A. endate neo yemiaregeh? Ene tekusat ena ye egge sekie alegn Eንዴት፡ነው፡የሚያረግህ? Eኔ፡ትኩሳት፡Eና፡የEጅ፡ስቃይ፡Aለኝ What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my arm. 2. B.endate yesemahal(M)?ene dehena ayesemagnem.ene yazoregnal Eንዴት፡ይሰማሃል? Eኔ፡ደህና፡Aይሰማኝም፡ያዞረኛል How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I feel dizziness. 3. C. ene doctor negn. Yehay sew ahun ye lebb dekam yazew Eኔ፡ዶክተር፡ነኝ።ይሄ፡ሰው፡Aሁን፡የልብ፡ድካም፡ይዞታል I am a doctor. This man just had a heart attack