07 - How to Ensure Sustainability in MME Processes - 02 - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Tarik Serak

8/18/2019 07 - How to Ensure Sustainability in MME Processes - 02 - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Tarik Serak

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The 17th International Meeting of Mine Action

National Programme Directors and

UN Advisors

Geneva, 31 March to 2 April 2014


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I category II category III category

UNSKO-SANSKI CANTON 120,18 53,00 47,38 19,80

POSAVSKI CANTON 23,82 6,78 14,92 2,12

TUZLANSKI CANTON 90,69 21,31 24,43 44,95

ZENIČKO-DOBOJSKI CANTON 133,68 31,98 21,53 80,17

BOSANSKO-PODRINJSKI CANTON 51,12 4,71 12,08 34,33SREDNJE-BOSANSKI CANTON 151,78 28,56 45,31 77,91

HERCEGOVAČKO-NERETVANSKI CANTON 169,83 19,40 30,83 119,60

ZAPADNO-HERCEGOVAČKI CANTON 0,31 0,00 0,00 0,31

CANTON SARAJEVO 82,10 21,49 14,81 45,80

CANTON 10 95,15 10,51 20,88 63,76

FEDERATION OF BH 918,66 197,74 232,17 488,75

REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA 278,18 77,54 94,24 106,40DISTRICT BRČKO 21,66 2,99 14,83 3,84

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 1.218,50 278,27 341,24 598,99

ADMINISTRATIVE LEVEL Total suspectarea (km

2)

Suspect area / I category priority (km

2

)

Mine suspected area

2.4% in relation to total area of Bosnia and Herzegovina

120 000 mines/UXO


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1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Time

4.200 k

m2

2.765 km2

2.790 km2

2.293 km2

1.573 km2

1.265 km2

100.0 km2

2.482 km2

56.0 km2

1.290 km2145.0 km2

1.762 km2

25.0 km2

Emeregencydemining

8.0 km2

Mine Action History in BH


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1996 - 1998

4 200 square km – mine suspected area

Established UNMAC;

Conducted urgent demining operations;

Quality assurance and quality control conducted from demining

organisations, donors and BH institutions.



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1999 - 2002


Constitution of RS MAC, FED MAC and Coordination Center – BH MAC

Adopted Demining Law, BH MAC constituted on the level of BH;

Adopted Regulations:


Law on Demining in Bosnia and Herzegovina;

Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Strategy;

Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD Operations in BiH;

Standard for Mine Risk Education in BiH;

SOP for Humanitarian Demining;

SOP for Mine Risk Education;

Rules for accreditation.


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LIS results:

1366 impacted communities

1,375,807 impacted people - ¼ of

total population

• 154 communities – highly impactedareas, 100,000 people

• 696 communities – medium

impacted areas 594,000 people

• 516 communities – low impacted

areas 681,477 people

LIS: Landmine Impact Survey in BiH is independent study implemented in 2002-2003 by

Survey Action Center, James Madison and Cranfield University, Handicap international

and BHMAC with support of USA and Canada through ITF.

2003 - 2008


Level of Quality Assurance

Sampling demining area


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No. Class Criteria Threat level(MA type)

1. PROM mines

There are indications of PROM mines on the location. Indications mean that are

for the location available data on mine incidents or accidents, minefield records

or reliable witnesses.H - High

(Clearance)

2.

Almost

cetrian

presence of

minefield

Area was between confrontation lines; area is disused, there are minefields

records and/or participant or reliable witness of mine placement and visible

traces of possible mine risk.H - High

(Clearance)

3.

Probable

presence of

minefield

Area was between confrontation lines; area is disused, there are no minefields

records there are indication and particular certain traces that indicate possible

mine risk.

M - Medium

(Technical survey)

4.

Not probable

presence of

minefield

Area was between confrontation lines; area is disused or partly used, there are

no minefields records or traces that indicate possible mine risk.

L - Low (General

survey)

Scale for description of benefit level consists of three priority category for demining.

For first priority category are separately classified and described criteria for

humanitarian and development character. Priority of humanitarian character are by ru le

in impacted communities, while is by priorities of development character necessary to

enclose economic justification by request.

Prioritetization


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CRITERIA FOR FIRST PRIORITY OF HUMANITARIAN NATURE

PRIORITY MARK PRIORITYCLASSIFICATION DESCRIPTION

H.1.1. HOUSING

Demining for the reason of reconstruction of housing and

accompanying facilities, access roads and minimum area of

surrounding land within the borders of logical geographic unit

H.1.2. INFRASTRUCTURE

Demining for the reason of reconstruction of infrastructural facilities

as road alignments, electricity network, water supply lines, gas andtelephone installations with accompanying facilities and prescribed

safety zone, as well as rehabilitation of graveyards and other sacral

facilities.

H.1.3. PUBLIC INSTITUTION

Demining for reason of rehabilitation, reconstruction and safe use

of all public and accompanying facilities, access roads and

minimum area of surrounding land within the borders of logical

geographic unit

H.1.4. ECONOMIC RESOURCESDemining of agricultural land, parts of forests with firewood andother natural resources necessary for livelihood of local population

in impacted communities

H.1.5. PREVENTIVE DEMINING

Demining with the purpose to place permanent mine-warning

signs, as well as clearance (mine-lifting) of visible mines and UXOs

regardless to purpose of land use


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CRITERIA FOR FIRST PRIORITY CATEGORY

R.1.1. HOUSING

Demining for the reconstruction of housing and accompanying facilities,

access roads and minimum area of surrounding land within the borders

of logical geographic unit

R.1.2. PUBLIC FACILITIES

Demining for the construction of public facilities with accompanying

contents, access roads and minimum safety area within the borders of

logical geographic unit

R.1.3. ECONOMYDemining for the construction of economic capacities significant for

development of economy and employment

R.1.4. COMMUNICATION

Demining for construction of roads, railway, water and air

communications as well as facilities and telecommunication lines within

prescribed minimum safety zone

R.1.5. ENERGY

Demining for the construction of electricity network, water supply line,

heat line, gas line, energy facilities with accompanying contents and

prescribed minimum safety zone.

R.1.6. WATER SUPPLY

Demining for the reconstruction, construction and maintenance of water

supply facilities, regulation of rivers and lakes, dams and channels and

water protection

R.1.7. AGRICULTURE

Demining of high productive arable land, orchards and pastures with

accompanying facilities in order to provide economy development and

employment.

R.1.8. ENVIRONMENT

Demining for the protection of environment, especially in order to remove

garbage depots and conduct the measures in impacted and protected

areas (national parks, nature parks, nature monuments and protected

landscapes).

R.1.9. TOURISM Demining of the areas that used to be or can be tourist destinations.

R.1.10. FORESTRY Demining for the exploitation, maintenance and protection of forests


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CRITERIA FOR THE THIRD PRIORITY CATEGORY:

Suspected area without known mine threat, with lowest possible mine risk and impact, but with eventually

possible remanence of conflict considering that are on former confrontation lines. Those are rural area without

traditional or other recognizable motives to local population and occasional users to access or to move into

area. They do not contain natural resources of strategic importance.

CRITERIA FOR THE SECOND PRIORITY CATEGORY:

The second priority category contains locations that are in occasional use or in contact zone with location of

first priority category. These areas represent minimum safety zone of already treated first category locations.

They are defined within borders of logical geographic unit and not traditionally important, in sense of

populations’ motivation to move toward peripheral area, treated as the third demining priority category.


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Mine Action municipality planing

For now all phases of municipality planning include 63 mine/UXO contaminated

municipalities which is 50% out of total contaminated municipalities in BH.

1st Strategy revision conducted (2009-2019.)

New General Assessment

Identified 1.417 communities endangered by mines/UXO. Locations contaminated by

mines/UXO directly affect the safety of approximately 540.000 citizens. Out of the total

number of mine/UXO contaminated communities, 136 or 10% were categorised as highly

contaminated (approximately 152.000 directly endangered citizens), 268 or 19% as

medium contaminated (approximately 180.000 directly endangered citizens) and 1.013 or

71% as low contaminated (approximately 208.000 directly endangered citizens).


2009 - 2012


Delayed demining schedule for BH until 2019. as per Article 5, Ottawa Treaty

Adopted Strategy plan 2009-2019


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NT methods 2.824,3km2 (systematic and

GS)

95%

Tech. methods157,21 km2

TS and clearance)

5%

Initial suspect area: 4.200 km2

Treated suspect area: 1.218,5 km2

Totally reduced: 2.981,5 km2

Found and destroyed:

AP mines: 57.204

AT mines: 8.064UXO: 51.658

Results 1996-2013


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SUMNJIVA OPASNA POVRŠINA(SISTEMATSKO IZVIĐANJE)

SUSPECTED HAZARD AREA (SHA)

NETEHNIČKO IZVIĐANJE(GENERALNO IZVIĐANJE)NON -TECHNICAL SURVEY

CILJANA ISTRAGATARGETED INVESTIGATION

OTKAZANA POVRŠINA

(KORIGOVANO SISTEMATSKOIZVIĐANJE - PBUR)CANCELLED LAND

ČIŠĆENJE MINAMINE CLEARANCE

OČIŠĆENA POVRŠINACLEARED LAND

SISTEMATSKA ISTRAGASYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATION

REDUKOVANA POVRŠINA(PBUR)

REDUCED LAND

“LAND RELEASE‘‘, BHMAC 2014

LEGEND

NON-TECHNICAL METHOD

TECHNICAL METHOD

INFORMATION FLOW

Adopted of terminologically accorded Standard for Mine/UXO removal in BH with IMAS:

Nontechnical survey (Chapter 5.10.),

Technical survey (Chapter 5.20.);

Land release (Chapter 5.30.).


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Integration of orthophoto systems in

existing BH GIS

The entire suspected hazard areas in BiH was the subject of airborne

imaging funded by EU and performed by Geofoto Zagreb (IPA 2010).

Scale 1:1,000 date October 2013

Airborne images were submitted to BHMAC. At the beginning of 2014

it will be organized a training for BHMAC specialized professionals

who will integrate orthophoto system into existing one.

In the first phase of integration, it will be covered integration of

orthophoto images for suspected hazard areas treated in the firstphase of the project Land Release.


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Mine victims

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Fatalities 97 103 51 43 42 37 26 28 24 32 28 17 33 9 6 9 9 3 3

Injured 229 113 62 39 38 28 35 29 31 22 22 31 29 19 8 13 3 10 8

Unknown 181 99 15 12 12 8 12 4 4 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

Total 507 315 128 94 92 73 73 61 59 57 51 48 62 29 14 22 12 13 11

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Total victims after war: 1 725 victims

Total killed: 596


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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

ANY QUESTIONS ?

Phone: +387 33 253 808

E mail: [email protected]

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07 - How to Ensure Sustainability in MME Processes - 02 - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Tarik Serak

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