Page 1
+358-(0)40-582-5915 Dec-2013www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/rfasic Page 1 / [email protected]
Prof. Nikolay T. TchamovKorkeakoulunkatu-1, TH-10833720 – Tampere, Finland
Tampere University of TechnologyRFIC Laboratory, Department of Electronics
and Communications Engineering
Internet of Energy Things for Automotive and for UPS:
ENERGY STORAGES
Power ≤ 25 kW:
Voltage
Current
Weight
Applications
Units / Year
Cost / Unit
12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 72V
300 A (max)
Below 3,000 Kg
Automotive, Logistics, UPS
More than 1,000,000
15,000 €
100V, 360V, 720V, 1800V
500 A (med)
Above 3,000 Kg
Less than 20,000
E-Harvesting, Logistics, UPS
150,000 €
Power ≥ 25 kW:
Page 2
+358-(0)40-582-5915 Dec-2013www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/rfasic Page 2 / [email protected]
Prof. Nikolay T. TchamovKorkeakoulunkatu-1, TH-10833720 – Tampere, Finland
Tampere University of TechnologyRFIC Laboratory, Department of Electronics
and Communications Engineering
Typical 5kW System on 48V has optimum I/O timing 1:10‘Optimum’ means:
1. Total Energy €fficiency ~ 60%a) Discharge Efficiency ~ 80%b) Charging Efficiency ~70%
2. Battery Life Span ~ 5 yearsWhile Charging with 10 A DCand Discharging with 100 A DC.
Battery
48V
Controller
Charger 380 VAC
UPS 48 VDC
M/G 48 VAC
100 A DC
10 ADC
5 kW System
‘Optimum’0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14Days:
Battery Life Span ~ 5-6 years
EU, USAWeeks: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14
Battery Life Span ~ 2-3 years
3rd World 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39Hours:
Battery Life Span ~ 1-2 years
Page 3
+358-(0)40-582-5915 Dec-2013www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/rfasic Page 3 / [email protected]
Prof. Nikolay T. TchamovKorkeakoulunkatu-1, TH-10833720 – Tampere, Finland
Tampere University of TechnologyRFIC Laboratory, Department of Electronics
and Communications Engineering
The Consequences of I/O timing different than 1:10
Emergency Situations due to:1. Accelerated Equipment Corrosion.2. Higher Temperature and Fire.3. Hydrogen Generation/Explosion/.
Substantial Cost Increase due to: 1. Frequent Battery Purchases.2. Frequent Servicing needed.3. Higher Electric Power Losses.
IoET Solution of Ericsson and TUT :BMS based IoET for Real-Time:
- Information: V, SoC, Tº, SoH.- Emergency Management.- Remote Control.- Maintenance Scheduling.
µUSBOn/Off
Sensor
Balancer
Charger
Controller
Monitor
123456
24
6÷24 Cells,each 5÷50 Ah
ICs
PCB
Page 4
+358-(0)40-582-5915 Dec-2013www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/rfasic Page 4 / [email protected]
Prof. Nikolay T. TchamovKorkeakoulunkatu-1, TH-10833720 – Tampere, Finland
Tampere University of TechnologyRFIC Laboratory, Department of Electronics
and Communications Engineering
Personal BMS
In Out
Personal BMS
In Out
Personal BMS
In Out
# 8 12VLead Acid
50Ah
Personal BMS
In Out
# 7 12VLead Acid
50Ah
# 6 12VLead Acid
50Ah
# 5 12VLead Acid
50Ah
Personal BMS
In Out
Personal BMS
In Out
Personal BMS
In Out
# 4 12VLead Acid
50Ah
Personal BMS
In Out
# 3 12VLead Acid
50Ah
# 2 12VLead Acid
50Ah
# 1 12VLead Acid
50Ah
MainBMSIn/Out
USB
GSMlink
Emergencyhandling
Chargercontrol
Memory
BMS Structure for Multiple 48V Lead Acid Batteries
Page 5
+358-(0)40-582-5915 Dec-2013www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/rfasic Page 5 / [email protected]
Prof. Nikolay T. TchamovKorkeakoulunkatu-1, TH-10833720 – Tampere, Finland
Tampere University of TechnologyRFIC Laboratory, Department of Electronics
and Communications Engineering
Controller
Rectifier
Battery
48V
SuperCap
48VDC-to-DC
DC-to-DC
380 VAC
UPS 48 VDC
M/G 48 VAC
Fast Energy PathSlow Energy Path
Common BMS
The Long-Term IoET Solution:- 85% Energy Efficiency- Life Span 12÷15 years- 100% Remote Control- Maintenance Free
Page 6
+358-(0)40-582-5915 Dec-2013www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/rfasic Page 6 / [email protected]
Prof. Nikolay T. TchamovKorkeakoulunkatu-1, TH-10833720 – Tampere, Finland
Tampere University of TechnologyRFIC Laboratory, Department of Electronics
and Communications Engineering
Super-Capacitor
48 20V Ah
The Super-Battery Project
3,000 € Standard Battery I/O for 2,000 Cycles 5,500 € Super Battery
I/O for 800,000 Cycles
For 100 % Chargeη = 70%
35 A8 hours
For 100 %To Loadη = 65%
400 A 20 min
For 100 % Returnη = 30%
200 A320 min
Main Applications: Fork-Lifts, Automotive, UPS, Tools ...
Battery 48V
50Ah
For 100 % Chargeη = 80%
3000 Afor only
6 sec
For 100 %To Loadη = 80%
400 A 45 sec
For 100 % Returnη = 80%
3000 Afor only
6 sec
RF-DCDCConverters48V 3000A
Cell Balancers
Battery48V
200Ah
Page 7
+358-(0)40-582-5915 Dec-2013www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/rfasic Page 7 / [email protected]
Prof. Nikolay T. TchamovKorkeakoulunkatu-1, TH-10833720 – Tampere, Finland
Tampere University of TechnologyRFIC Laboratory, Department of Electronics
and Communications Engineering
IoET and EStorages in the ‘Smart’ Grid
