09.40 10.00 G. K. Acharya Deputy General Manager IOC Indian Oil Corporation 1

Diesel Emissions Conference &Diesel Exhaust Fluid Forum 2010

Diesel Emissions Conference & AdBlue Forum 2011®



Diesel Emissions Conference & AdBlue Forum 2011

EUROPE®

Diesel Emissions Conference 2010

Diesel Emissions Conference &Diesel Exhaust Fluid Forum 2010




Diesel Emissions Conference

Diesel Emissions Conference

Diesel Emissions Conference &Diesel Exhaust Fluid Forum

Diesel Emissions Conference & AdBlue Forum®

Diesel Emissions Conference & AdBlue Forum®

insightbeyondnumbers





8 - 9 September 2010, Leela Kempinski, Gurgaon, New Delhi, India

Endorsers: Partners:

Environmental Sponsor:Gold Sponsor: Information Sponsor:

Silver Sponsors: Lunch Sponsor:

Associate Sponsors:

Part of the Global Diesel Emissions and AdBlue® / DEF Series

Euro IV Diesel Fuel Availability in Indiay

Diesel Emissions Conference India 20109th Sep 2010, Leela Kempinski, Gurgaon

organised by Integer Researchorganised by Integer Research

G K AcharyaDy. General Manager Research and Development Centre

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited

pIndian Oil Corporation LimitedSector - 13, Faridabad

TRENDS IN WORLD ENERGY USAGETRENDS IN WORLD ENERGY USAGE


INDIA’S GROWTH FORECASTINDIA’S GROWTH FORECAST

India is a fast growing economy in the region

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited 3

India is a fast growing economy in the region

ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY SOURCES –– INDIAN SCENARIOINDIAN SCENARIOINDIAN SCENARIOINDIAN SCENARIO

6% OilNuclear Hydro

31%1%6%

9%53% NG

Coal

Primary Energy Sources - India

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited Source: BP Energy Review 2009

PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ––UTILIZATION SHAREUTILIZATION SHAREUTILIZATION SHAREUTILIZATION SHARE

Utilization Share

Transport51%

Domestic18%

Agriculture4%

Commercial13%

Industry14%


REFINING IN INDIAREFINING IN INDIAREFINING IN INDIAREFINING IN INDIA

The First Still used in 1890s@

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited 6Refinery commissioned in 1901 Modern Refineries

RETAILRETAIL OUTLET OUTLET -- LEHLEHRETAILRETAIL OUTLET OUTLET LEHLEH


INDIAN REFINERIES INDIAN REFINERIES ––INSTALLED CAPACITY SHAREINSTALLED CAPACITY SHAREINSTALLED CAPACITY SHAREINSTALLED CAPACITY SHARE

Installed Capacity

IOC34%RPL

35%

ESSAR6%

BPCL13%HPCL

7%ONGC

5%


INDIAN REFINERIES INDIAN REFINERIES ––INSTALLED CAPACITYINSTALLED CAPACITYINSTALLED CAPACITYINSTALLED CAPACITY

Installed Capacity in MMTs

70

50

60

30

40

60.2 62

10

20

22.513 9 768 10 5

0

IOC BPCL HPCL ONGC RPL ESSAR

13 9.768 10.5


Total Refining Capacity: 178 MMT

GROWTH OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS: INDIA GROWTH OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS: INDIA

179

160

180

129138

140150 156

179

120

140

108 112 113

121134 138

118 123 124

80

100

MM

TPA

40

60

0

20

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited Source: Consumption & Production from Petroleum Planning & Analysis Cell, Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, Govt. of India

FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10

Consumption Production

GASOLINE & DIESEL CONSUMPTION IN INDIAGASOLINE & DIESEL CONSUMPTION IN INDIA

60000

40000

50000

30000

X10

00 M

T

MS

HSD

10000

20000

02001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited Source: PPAC

Year

DIESEL TO GASOLINE RATIODIESEL TO GASOLINE RATIOS O G SO N OS O G SO N O

5.20

5.40

4.80

5.00

4 40

4.60

4.20

4.40

3.80

4.00

2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10


DIESEL & GASOLINE PRICES IN DIESEL & GASOLINE PRICES IN INDIA INDIA TRENDSTRENDSINDIA INDIA –– TRENDSTRENDS

60

50

40

Rs/li

tre)

20

30

Pric

e (R

10

Diesel Prices

Gasoline Prices

Crude oil

0

Crude oil

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited Prices at Delhi, Source: IOCL Website

RETAIL SELLING PRICES RETAIL SELLING PRICES --DIESEL & GASOLINEDIESEL & GASOLINEDIESEL & GASOLINEDIESEL & GASOLINE

60 51.43 55.32 55.88 55.92

Diesel Gasoline

40

5040.10 39.94 41.98 40.07

30

40

rice

(R

s/lit

re)

10

20Pr

0

Delhi Kolkata Mumbai Chennai

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited As on June 26, 2010 Source: IOCL Website

DIESEL FUEL DIESEL FUEL SECTORSECTOR--WISE UTILIZATION SHAREWISE UTILIZATION SHARESECTORSECTOR WISE UTILIZATION SHAREWISE UTILIZATION SHARE

I d t

Railways6%

Industry10%

Trucks37%

Agriculture

6%

12%

Power Generators8%

Buses12%Passenger Cars

15%

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited Source: PPAC

AUTO FUEL POLICY IN INDIAAUTO FUEL POLICY IN INDIA

• The Expert committee constituted by Govt. of Indiasubmitted the report during the month of Aug 2002p g g

• The recommendations have been debated and MoP&NGreleased Auto Fuel Policy during the month of Oct 2003released Auto Fuel Policy during the month of Oct 2003

• The policy provides roadmap for changes in vehiculart h l d f l lit f th 2005 d 2010technology and fuel quality for the year 2005 and 2010

• Measures have been proposed to reduce emission fromin-use vehicles


ROADMAP BY AUTO FUEL POLICYROADMAP BY AUTO FUEL POLICY

ENTIRE COUNTRYBHARAT STAGE-II 1st April 2005EURO-III 1st April 2010EQUIVALENT

METROS & MAJOR CITIES (BANGALORE, HYDERABAD, AHMEDABAD, PUNE, SURAT, KANPUT AND AGRA)

BHARAT STAGE II Al d I t d d i t iti d th j itiBHARAT STAGE-II Already Introduced in metro cities and other major cities as on 1st April 2003

EURO-III 1st April 2005pEQUIVALENTEURO-IV 1st April 2010EQUIVALENT

ENTIRE COUNTRYBHARAT STAGE-II 1st April 2005EURO-III Preferably from 1st April 2008 but not later than 1st April 2010


EQUIVALENT

RECOMMENDATIONS OF RECOMMENDATIONS OF AUTO FUEL POLICYAUTO FUEL POLICY

• Introduction of improved quality of liquid fuels in-line with the vehicularemission norms

• Encouraging use of gaseous fuels - CNG & LPG in the cities effectedby high vehicular pollution

• Accelerate the development of other alternatives – electric vehicles,hydrogen and fuel cells

P idi R&D t f d l t f t h l i f d i• Providing R&D support for development of technologies for producingbio-fuels from different renewable energy sources and their application

• To protect consumer from supply disruptions and price risks• To protect consumer from supply disruptions and price risks

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited Cont..

RECOMMENDATIONS OF RECOMMENDATIONS OF AUTO FUEL POLICYAUTO FUEL POLICY

• Reduction of emissions from in-use vehicles through upgraded PUCsystems, I&M system,

• Declaration of fuel economy standards by automobile industry

• Setup mechanism for independent inspection and rigorous checks ofliquid fuel quality

• Provide for penalty against vehicles in which emission control devicesfitted by OEMs are removed or tempered

• Roadmap for emission norms for new / in-use vehicles and fuel quality

• Major expansion & augmentation of existing network of Air Qualityj p g g yMonitoring


Implementation of A t F l P li d tiAuto Fuel Policy recommendations


AIR QUALITY STUDIES IN SIX CITIESAIR QUALITY STUDIES IN SIX CITIESQQ

Oil industry initiated the air quality studies in 6 cities in collaboration

with NEERI, ARAI, TERI & IITs and has been completed under the

supervision / technical guidance of CPCB with following objectives,

• Identification of critical pollutants and sources of pollution.

• Assessment of pollution loads from different sources andcontribution of auto exhaust.

• Vehicle pollution from different categories of vehicles and effect ofchange in vehicle technology, fuel quality improvements, use ofalternative fuels etc.


CMB PM10Distribution of source contribution of PM10 as per CMB

Res. Delhi: PM10Garbage Burning15.0%

Industries6.3%

Kerb Delhi: PM10 Garbage Burning10.5% Industries

9 3%

10

Road Dust14.5%

6.3%

Construct.22.0%

Road Dust29.0%

9.3%

Construct.23.1%

Transport20.5%

DG Set12.3%

Domestic9.4%

Transport12.1%

DG Set6 8%

Domestic9.1%

6.8%

Industries Delhi: PM10Garbage

Industries8.8%

Burning24.4%

Construct.23.1%

Kerb Side transport sector contribution lower due to high road dust

Transport8.7%

DG Set7.2%

Domestic2.7%

Road Dust25.1%

DG sets and construction contributions at all locations


Distribution of source contribution of PM2.5 as per CMB

Dominated by domestic sector combustion

Other sectors areOther sectors are transport, garbage, DG sets


FINDINGS OF AIR QUALITY STUDIES IN FINDINGS OF AIR QUALITY STUDIES IN SIX CITIESSIX CITIESSIX CITIESSIX CITIES

• Particulate emission (Pm10) is of major concern in the metro cities.Particulate emission (Pm10) is of major concern in the metro cities.The major sources of Pm10 emissions across various cities are roaddust, industry, domestic and vehicular emissions.

• The share of vehicular emissions varies considerably from city tocity: 6% in Mumbai, 7% in Delhi, 14% in Chennai, 18% in Pune,21% in Kanpur and 41% in Bangalore.

• In the city of Delhi, Pm10 emissions is very high (147.2 TPD) androad dust accounts for 52.50%. The contribution from Transportsector is 6.59% as per the Emission Inventory.

• More than 50% of Pm2.5 emission is from domestic sector (LPG)with ~ 7.0% contribution from transport sector.


QUALITY OF DIESEL QUALITY OF DIESEL –– BS IV BS IV

Major parametersBharat Bharat BharatBharat Bharat Bharat

Stage-II Stage-III Stage IV

• Cetane number, min 48* 51 51• Cetane Index, min 46* 46 46

( *Spec. is either CN or CI)• Sulphur ppm max 500 350 50• Sulphur,ppm, max 500 350 50• Kinematic Viscosity,cst 2.0-5.0 2.0-4.5 2.0-4.5• PAH, % mass - 11 max. 11 max.

k / 3 820 860 820 8 820 8• Density, kg/M3 820-860 820-845 820-845• Distillation recovery% Vol., upto 350 0 C, min 85 85 -, p ,% Vol., upto 370 0 C, min 95 95 -95 % Vol., at max - 360 0 C 360 0 C


PAH- Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons

AVAILABILITY OF EURO IV / BS IV AVAILABILITY OF EURO IV / BS IV DIESEL DIESEL FUEL SINCE FUEL SINCE APRIL 2010APRIL 2010DIESEL DIESEL FUEL SINCE FUEL SINCE APRIL 2010APRIL 2010

National Capital Region of DELHI,National Capital Region of DELHI,

MUMBAI, CHENNAI,KOLKATA

BANGALORE HYDERABAD AHMEDABADBANGALORE, HYDERABAD, AHMEDABAD,

PUNE, SURAT, KANPUR, AGRA

LUCKNOW and SHOLAPUR


SALES OF BS IV DIESEL FUEL BY SALES OF BS IV DIESEL FUEL BY IOC SINCE APRIL 2010IOC SINCE APRIL 2010IOC SINCE APRIL 2010IOC SINCE APRIL 2010

R i HSD (KL) Xt il (KL)Region HSD (KL) Xtramile (KL)

Delhi – Haryana 25,20,679 7,54,478

U P 87 422 4 251U.P 87,422 4,251

Noida 8,11,789 46,160

West Bengal 5,74,830 15,165

Gujarat 6,70,889 11,296

Maharashtra 5,49,922 17,469

Tamil Nadu 6,35,334 2,753

Kerala 45,124 -

Karnataka 1 49168 2 911Karnataka 1,49168 2,911

Andhra Pradesh 1,48,658 2,984


DIESEL FUEL SULPHUR LEVELS DIESEL FUEL SULPHUR LEVELS 1995 TO 2010 1995 TO 2010 –– NCT OF DELHINCT OF DELHI1995 TO 2010 1995 TO 2010 NCT OF DELHINCT OF DELHI

12000

10000

6000

8000

el, p

pm

4000

6000

phur

leve

0

2000Sulp

01995 1996 1998 2000 NCT 2005 2010


Note: Sulphur reduction from 1.00% to 0.05% with in 5 years

Euro IV Diesel Quality Euro IV Diesel Quality yyImprovementImprovement


TYPICAL PROCESS UNITS & HSD BLENDING TYPICAL PROCESS UNITS & HSD BLENDING COMPONENTS IN INDIAN REFINERIES COMPONENTS IN INDIAN REFINERIES COMPONENTS IN INDIAN REFINERIES COMPONENTS IN INDIAN REFINERIES

S No Process Unit HSD Component Remarks

1 FCC/RFCC TCO Low Cetane

2 C d di till ti SRGO C d S ifi2 Crude distillation SRGO Crude Specific

3 HCU Gas Oil High Cetane, Low Sulphur

4 DCU, VBU Kero/Gas Oil Low Cetane


SCHEMEATIC DIAGRAM OF PETROLEUM SCHEMEATIC DIAGRAM OF PETROLEUM REFINERY REFINERY


TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONS FOR HSD QUALITY IMPROVEMENT HSD QUALITY IMPROVEMENT HSD QUALITY IMPROVEMENT HSD QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

Hydroprocessing :

• Hydrodesulphurization for Sulphur Reduction

• Hydrotreating for Sulphur & Cetane Improvement

Hydro cracking for HSD maximization with• Hydro cracking for HSD maximization with

• Sulphur / Cetane Improvement


EFFORTS MADE BY INDUSTRY FOR EFFORTS MADE BY INDUSTRY FOR DIESEL QUALITY IMPROVEMENTDIESEL QUALITY IMPROVEMENTDIESEL QUALITY IMPROVEMENTDIESEL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

Sulphur Reduction : p 9 nos. of DHDS units installed at Gujarat, Haldia, Panipat, Mathura, CPCL,

BPCL, KRL, HPC(V) & HPC(M) to meet 0.25% `S’. Addition of 2nd Reactor in all DHDS Units to meet 0.05% `S’.% Revamp of existing DHDS/Change of Catalyst to meet BS-III / BS-IV specs

at Gujarat, Haldia, BPCL, KRL, HPC(M), HPC(V).

Cetane Improvement : DHDT Unit installed at Digboi, Guwahati, Barauni, Mathura & Panipat &

Hydrocracker units at Mathura, Panipat, CPCL, BPCL, MRPL installed to b h S l h & C imeet both Sulphur & Cetane requirement.

General : St Sh i b t P i t & M th BRPL & B i fi i t Stream Sharing between Panipat & Mathura, BRPL & Barauni refineries to meet Cetane and Sulphur requirements. Cetane Improver dosing facility at Haldia.


FUTURE STRATEGY FOR DIESEL FUTURE STRATEGY FOR DIESEL QUALITY IMPROVEMENTQUALITY IMPROVEMENTQUALITY IMPROVEMENTQUALITY IMPROVEMENT

For Sulphur Reduction & Cetane ImprovementFor Sulphur Reduction & Cetane Improvement

Setting up high pressure DHDT that can handle cracked stocks .

Capacity Expansion/new units for HydroCracker.

VGO Hydro-treatment.

Replacement of catalyst by new highly active catalyst Replacement of catalyst by new highly active catalyst.

Use of high performance internals in existing DHDS.


THANK YOUTHANK YOUTHANK YOUTHANK YOU

© Indian Oil Corporation Limited 35

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