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COMPUTER ETHICS AND

LEGAL ISSUESDEFINITIONComputer Ethics

Code of Ethics

Intelectual Property

Privacy

Computer crime

Cyber law

Differentiate ethics and law

Need for intellectual property laws

PRIVACY

Definition

Ways to protect privacy

Authentication andveryfication methods /

technologies

CONTROVERSIAL

CONTENTS & CONTROLS

Effects of controversial

contents to society

Ways of controlling

access to controversial

contents

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COMPUTER ETHICS

Moral guidelines that govern the use of

computers and information systems

used ethical principles to determine theproper course of action to take in

difficult situation. Although unethical acts may be

immoral, they are not always illegal,although illegal acts almost always

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CODE OF ETHICS

an IT code of conduct is a written

guideline that helps determinewhether specific computer action isethical or unethical. Ethics, as youmay know, are standards or moral

conduct.

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INTELECTUAL PROPERTY (IP) Unique and original works such as ideas

inventions, writings, art, processes,company and product names and logos.

Intellectual property rights are the rights towhich creator are entitled for their work.

The owner of IP controls its use and isentitled to any benefits arising from suchuse.

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PRIVACY

Concerns the collection and use of

data about individuals.

Information privacy refers to the right of

individuals and companies to deny orrestrict the collection and use ofinformation about them.

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COMPUTER CRIMEis an illegal action in which the perpetrator uses special

knowledge of computer technology.

Computer crime once fell into a few simple categories, suchas software theft or data destruction.

The dramatically increased access to networks has changedthe focus to damage that can be done by unscrupulous

people with online access.

MOST FREQUENTLY REPORTED COMPUTER CRIMES

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CYBER LAWCyber Law encompasses a wide variety

of political and legal issues related to

the internet and othercommunications technology, includingintellectual property, privacy,freedom of expression and

jurisdiction

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Freedom of expression is the liberty to freely say whatare pleases, as well as the related liberty to hear what

other have stated recently, It has been commonlyunder understood as encompassing all types ofexpression, including the freedom to create anddistribute movies, pictures, songs, dances and all otherforms of expressive communication.

Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to stopinformation about themselves from becoming known topeople other than those they choose to give theinformation to.

Jurisdiction is the power of the court to hear anddecide a a case before it.

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DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ETHICS

AND LAWEthics Law

- a discipline dealing with good

and evil and with moral duty

- moral principles or practice

Example :

Using and buying an illegal

Installation CD

- a rule of conduct or action

established by custom or laid

down and enforced by agoverning authority

Example :

Duplicating and selling any

computer program without license

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NEED FOR INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTY LAWS??????

There are three important terms that

are used in intellectual property laws.

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Copyright

Copyright protection provides the creator of a literary orartistic work control over the use and distribution of thatwork.

Patents

Patents are designed to protect inventions andencourage inventors to innovate by granting the patentholder exclusive rights to the invention for 20 years.

Trademarks

A trademarks is a word, name, symbol, or device usedto distinguish one company and its products fromanother.

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COMPUTER PRIVACY Information privacy refers to the right of individuals

and companies to deny or restrict the collection anduse of information about them.

In the past, information privacy was easier tomaintain because information tended to be kept inseparate location. It is now, however technically andeconomically feasible to store large amount of relateddata about individuals in one database. Computers

also can be used to monitor employees activities.

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Ten Commandments Of

Computer EthicsCreated by the Computer Ethics Institute

If Duplicated, Please Cite the Computer Ethics Institute

1. Thou Shalt Not Use A Computer To Harm Other People.

2. Thou Shalt Not Interfere With Other Peoples Computer Work.

3. Thou Shalt Not Snoop Around In Other Peoples ComputerFiles.

4. Thou Shalt Not Use A Computer To Steal.

5. Thou Shalt Not Use A Computer To Bear False Witness.

6. Thou Shalt Not Copy Or Use Proprietary Software For Which You have Not Paid.

7. Thou Shalt Not Use Other Peoples Computer Resources Without Authorization Or

Proper Compensation.

8. Thou Shalt Not Appropriate Other Peoples Intellectual Output.

9. Thou Shalt Think About The Social Consequences Of The Program You Are Writing Or

The System You Are Designing.

10. Thou Shalt Always Use A Computer In Ways That Insure Consideration And Respect

For YourFellow Humans.

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THE WAYS OF COMPUTER

PRIVACY

Password

Encryption

Email Privacy

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THE WAYS TO PROTECT

PRIVACY

Not just to protect the computer but to makesure that the computer issues by authorized

worker or user only.

PASSWORD

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THE WAYS TO PROTECT

PRIVACY

ENCRYPTION

With public key encryption there are two keys, one

public and the other private. The public key needs to be known.

To send a message to a friend, you uses his publickey to encrypt the message.

Your friend then uses his private key to decode themessage after receiving it.

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THE WAYS TO PROTECT

PRIVACYEMAIL PRIVACY When you send a message by email, the message

is broken into packets and the packets are sent out

over the Internet. The number of packets depends on the size of

message.

Each message has the internet address of therecipient.

This means there may be some places between thepackets could be intercepted and examined.

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User Identification (ID) and

Passwords Possessed Objects

Biometric Devices

Callback System

AUTHENTICATION AND VERIFICATION

METHODS / TECHNOLOGIES

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User Identification (ID) and

Passwords

With a user ID and password, you are required to enter aword or series of characters that matches an entry in anauthorization file stored on the computer or a networkserver.

Among the password guideline is it must exceed 8

letters, a combination of two words, an initial numberadded t any parts in the password.

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Are any item that should be brought to enable

achievement to computer such as badge, key

or card.

Possessed Objects

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Biometric Devices

Confirm the success of the request by

comparing body characters, hand size, eye

retina or signature that with keeps is

computerized such as fingerprint.

If the digital code in the computer does not

match the personal characteristic code,

access is denied.

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Callback System

It is an access control method sometimes

used to authenticate remote users.

To initiate the callback system, you call the

computer and enter a user ID and password.

If these entries are valid, the computer

instructs you to hang up and then calls you

back at the previously established number.

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EFFECTS OF CONTROVERSIAL

CONTENTS TO SOCIETY Pornography

The depiction of erotic behavioursexual excitement

SlanderTo utter slander against defame

OR

To injule or destroy someone reputation bylibel or slander

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Ways of controlling access to

controversial contents Filtering

Process of restricting access to certain material on the

web.

Many bussiness use content filtering to limit employees Webaccess.

Some schools, libraries and parents use content filtering torestrict access to minor.

One approach to content filtering is through a rating systemof the Internet Content Rating Association (ICRA)

Another approach to content filtering is to use web filteringsoftware.

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Web filtering software

A program that restricts access to specified

Web sites. Some also filter sites that use a

spesific words.