1. 2 Ezra/Synagogue: chapters 7,8 People in the Presence of God ©2013Barry Liesch Biola University...

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Ezra/Synagogue:chapters 7,8

People in the Presence of God

Ezra/Synagogue:chapters 7,8

People in the Presence of God

©2013Barry Liesch Biola University La Mirada, California©2013Barry Liesch Biola University La Mirada, California

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Duet: 6:4-8 THE SHEMA!Duet: 6:4-8 THE SHEMA!

Hear, O IsraelHear, O Israel

The Lord our God, the Lord is One.The Lord our God, the Lord is One.

You shall love the lord your GodYou shall love the lord your God

with all your heartwith all your heart

and with all your souland with all your soul

and with all your might.and with all your might.

And these words which I command you todayAnd these words which I command you today

shall be on your heart.shall be on your heart.

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Duet: 6:4-8Duet: 6:4-8

You shall teach them diligently to your childrenYou shall teach them diligently to your children

and shall talk of them when you sit in your houseand shall talk of them when you sit in your house

and when you walk by the wayand when you walk by the way

and when you lie down and when you rise.and when you lie down and when you rise.

You shall bind them as a sign on your hand,You shall bind them as a sign on your hand,

and they shall be as frontlets between your eyesand they shall be as frontlets between your eyes

You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.on your gates.

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Duet: 6:4-8Duet: 6:4-8

SitSit

WalkWalk

Lie downLie down

HandHand

ForeheadForehead

DoorpostsDoorposts

GatesGates

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Babylon DeportationBabylon Deportation

No temple, sacrifices, festivalsNo temple, sacrifices, festivalsNo functioning priests or musiciansNo functioning priests or musiciansResult:Result: new strict emphasis on the law new strict emphasis on the lawSabbath (becomes central)Sabbath (becomes central)CircumcisionCircumcisionClean & unclean foodsClean & unclean foodsTeaching and study of the WordTeaching and study of the Word

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Prophets

At Darkest hourProphets

At Darkest hourProphets prophesy of a new beginning Prophets prophesy of a new beginning Re-gathering the scattered nationRe-gathering the scattered nation

From Iraq (mainly), Egypt, Libya, Rome, etc From Iraq (mainly), Egypt, Libya, Rome, etc

A new Covenant, rebuilding of temple A new Covenant, rebuilding of temple Righteous reign of MessiahRighteous reign of Messiah536BC Cyrus allows Jews to return536BC Cyrus allows Jews to return515BC Temple erected 515BC Temple erected 458BC Ezra is in Israel 458BC Ezra is in Israel (500 yrs after David) (500 yrs after David)

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Ezra leads returned Exiles (Neh 8,9)

Law-Reading EventEzra leads returned Exiles (Neh 8,9)

Law-Reading Event[The people] told Ezra the scribe [The people] told Ezra the scribe

to bring the book of the law…to bring the book of the law…Then he read it…Then he read it…from morning from morning till middaytill midday before the men and before the men and women; and women; and the ears ofthe ears of all the all the people were attentivepeople were attentive to the to the Book of the Law.Book of the Law.

Moses required Deuteronomy to be read Moses required Deuteronomy to be read publicly every 7 years publicly every 7 years

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Ezra leads returned Exiles

Law-Reading EventEzra leads returned Exiles

Law-Reading EventAnd Ezra opened the book in And Ezra opened the book in

the sight of all the people; the sight of all the people; and when he opened it, all and when he opened it, all the people stood upthe people stood up..

Protestant tradition of Protestant tradition of standingstanding during during reading of scripturereading of scripture

StandingStanding = Respect = Respect

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Law-Reading EventAnd Ezra blessed the great God. And Ezra blessed the great God.

Then all the people Then all the people answeredanswered,,””Amen, Amen!Amen, Amen!”” while while lifting up their hands. And they lifting up their hands. And they bowed their heads and bowed their heads and worshiped the Lord with their worshiped the Lord with their faces to the ground.faces to the ground.

Protestant tradition of Protestant tradition of ““AmenAmen””

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Law-Reading EventAnd the levites helped the And the levites helped the

people to people to understandunderstand the the Law…theyLaw…they read distinctly read distinctly from the book…andfrom the book…and gave the gave the sense, sense, and helped themand helped them to to understand understand the reading.the reading.

Paraphrased, interpreted the Paraphrased, interpreted the sensesense??Precursor of sermon?Precursor of sermon?

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Law-Reading Event[During feast of Tabernacles [During feast of Tabernacles

the people] were assembled the people] were assembled with fasting, in sackcloth, with fasting, in sackcloth, and with dust on their and with dust on their heads…heads…they stood and they stood and confessed their sinsconfessed their sins and the and the iniquities of their fathers.iniquities of their fathers.

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Law-Reading Event[During feast of Tabernacles [During feast of Tabernacles

the people] were assembled the people] were assembled with fasting, in sackcloth, with fasting, in sackcloth, and with dust on their and with dust on their heads…heads…they stood and they stood and confessed their sinsconfessed their sins and the and the iniquities of their fathers.iniquities of their fathers.

Protestant words of Protestant words of confessionconfession

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Law-Reading Event[They] read from the book of [They] read from the book of

the Law of the Lord their the Law of the Lord their God God forfor 1/4 of the day;1/4 of the day; and and for another 1/4for another 1/4 they they confessed and worshiped confessed and worshiped the Lord their God.the Lord their God.

Nehemiah 8 & 9Nehemiah 8 & 9

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the Law of the Lord their the Law of the Lord their God God forfor 1/4 of the day;1/4 of the day; and and for another 1/4for another 1/4 they they confessed and worshiped confessed and worshiped the Lord their God.the Lord their God.


4 hours in morning; 4 in afternoon4 hours in morning; 4 in afternoon

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the Law of the Lord their God the Law of the Lord their God forfor 1/4 of the day;1/4 of the day; and and for for another 1/4another 1/4 they confessed they confessed and worshiped the Lord their and worshiped the Lord their God.God.


4 hours in morning; 4 in afternoon4 hours in morning; 4 in afternoon

Read Ezra 9:3-9;13Read Ezra 9:3-9;13

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Observations/key aspectsEzra leads returned Exiles

Observations/key aspects1. Emphasis on 1. Emphasis on reading/hearingreading/hearing2. Explicit 2. Explicit publicpublic reading reading3. Read 3. Read distinctly/clearlydistinctly/clearly4. Elaborated/4. Elaborated/gave the sensegave the sense

Made reading intelligibleMade reading intelligibleLeads to (or reflects) what institution?Leads to (or reflects) what institution?SynagogueSynagogueBiblical Worship is Biblical Worship is developmentaldevelopmental. Explain. Explain

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Worship is morphs, changes

Rise of SynagogueWorship is morphs, changes

Rise of SynagogueWeekly meeting on sabbathWeekly meeting on sabbath

1. Major Reading emphasis1. Major Reading emphasis

2. Major Teaching emphasis2. Major Teaching emphasis

3. Major Praying emphasis3. Major Praying emphasis

Looks similar to the ChurchLooks similar to the Church

Influential on ChurchInfluential on Church

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Synagogue OverviewSynagogue Overview

Temple/Synagogue Temple/Synagogue coexistcoexist until 70AD until 70AD

1000BC1000BC____________________________________70AD70AD

300BC? 300BC? _________________________ _____________ Temple in JerusalemTemple in Jerusalem Synagogues throughout Israel & AbroadSynagogues throughout Israel & Abroad Jesus, the Disciples, PaulJesus, the Disciples, Paul

Attend bothTemple & SynagogueAttend bothTemple & Synagogue

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Synagogue OverviewSynagogue Overview

Evolves during Babylon Captivity?Evolves during Babylon Captivity? Why? Speculate. Think through.Why? Speculate. Think through.

Why?Why? No Festivals, no sacrifice, no priesthoodNo Festivals, no sacrifice, no priesthood

Well established by time of ChristWell established by time of Christ Legalism replaces idolatryLegalism replaces idolatry

ChristianChristian Jews expelled about 100 AD Jews expelled about 100 AD Highly influential on churchHighly influential on church

200AD Church 200AD Church revertsreverts to elements of synagogue to elements of synagogue

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Synagogue/Protestant Worship SimilaritiesSynagogue/Protestant Worship Similarities

SynagogueSynagogue Protestant/CatholicProtestant/CatholicMultiple Readings Multiple ReadingsMultiple Readings Multiple ReadingsLaw & Prophets Law & Prophets OT, Epistles, Gospels OT, Epistles, Gospels

LectionaryLectionary Lectionary Lectionary

Recited CreedsRecited Creeds Recited Creeds Recited Creeds

Fixed/Read PrayersFixed/Read Prayers Fixed/Read Prayers Fixed/Read Prayers

Liturgical Responses Liturgical ResponsesLiturgical Responses Liturgical Responses

Lay Person TeachesLay Person Teaches Sermon Sermon

BenedictionBenediction BenedictionBenediction

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Origin of institutions?

God-designed, revealed?Origin of institutions?

God-designed, revealed? Tabernacle, yesTabernacle, yes

God, revealed through God, revealed through MosesMoses Temple, yesTemple, yes

God, revealed through God, revealed through DavidDavid Synagogue, doubtfulSynagogue, doubtful

NoNo record of God initiation record of God initiation What is Jesus attitude to Synagogue?What is Jesus attitude to Synagogue? Positive? Jesus participates fullyPositive? Jesus participates fully

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Synagogue Synagogue Time of ChristTime of Christ

&& Shortly after Shortly after

Synagogue Synagogue Time of ChristTime of Christ

&& Shortly after Shortly after

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Diverse rather than Uniform

Shabby Room or Seats of Gold?Diverse rather than Uniform

Shabby Room or Seats of Gold?

Up to 400 Synagogues in JerusalemUp to 400 Synagogues in Jerusalem Need 10 males (elders) Need 10 males (elders) Most, a single room holding 40Most, a single room holding 40

Synagogue at DuraSynagogue at Dura Elaborate murals, paintings, frescoesElaborate murals, paintings, frescoes Depiction of Bible storiesDepiction of Bible stories

Alexandria Basilica-SynagogueAlexandria Basilica-Synagogue 10001000’’s --> Flags to cue Amenss --> Flags to cue Amens Seated according to tradesSeated according to trades

Goldsmiths, Silversmiths, BronzesmithsGoldsmiths, Silversmiths, Bronzesmiths 71 elders seated on thrones of gold71 elders seated on thrones of gold

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Offices, Titles, Seats of HonorOffices, Titles, Seats of Honor

President and attendantPresident and attendant

Distinguished members up frontDistinguished members up front

Younger ones behindYounger ones behind

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Four basic elements

Synagogue ServiceFour basic elements

Synagogue Service

Order of service?Order of service? Some uncertainty, yet elements fairly clearSome uncertainty, yet elements fairly clear

1. Shema/Creed1. Shema/Creed

2. Multiple Scripture Readings 2. Multiple Scripture Readings ((new?new?))

3. Homily/Short Sermon 3. Homily/Short Sermon ((new?new?))

4. Fixed prayers 4. Fixed prayers ((new?new?)) 18 Benedictions18 Benedictions

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Synagogue Service

Multiple Readings of ScriptureSynagogue Service

Multiple Readings of Scripture

Scroll ceremonyScroll ceremonyScroll taken from ArkScroll taken from Ark

Scroll processional, scroll kissedScroll processional, scroll kissed

Lectionary (prescribed readings)Lectionary (prescribed readings) Three year cycle (Torah, Prophets)Three year cycle (Torah, Prophets)

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Synagogue Service

Multiple Readings of ScriptureSynagogue Service


Scroll ceremonyScroll ceremonyScroll taken from ArkScroll taken from Ark

Scroll processional, scroll kissedScroll processional, scroll kissed

Lectionary (prescribed readings)Lectionary (prescribed readings) Three year cycle (Torah, Prophets)Three year cycle (Torah, Prophets)

Our churches cannot be Spirit-ledOur churches cannot be Spirit-led

unless they are Word-fed unless they are Word-fed (Kauflin)(Kauflin)

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Paul and the SynagoguePaul and the Synagogue

Paul speaks in synagoguesPaul speaks in synagogues After the reading of the After the reading of the LawLaw and the and the

ProphetsProphets, the synagogue rulers sent word to , the synagogue rulers sent word to them: them: ““Brothers, if you have a message of Brothers, if you have a message of encouragement for the people, please speakencouragement for the people, please speak”” (Acts 13:15)(Acts 13:15)

Law and Prophets read Law and Prophets read Any competent person could speakAny competent person could speak

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NT Readings of Apostle Paul

Multiple Readings of ScriptureNT Readings of Apostle Paul


Accorded prominence in early churchAccorded prominence in early churchPaul to TimothyPaul to Timothy

Until I come devote yourself to the Until I come devote yourself to the publicpublic reading of reading of scripturescripture, to preaching and to teaching., to preaching and to teaching.

I Tim 4:13I Tim 4:13

Meaning of reading Meaning of reading ““scripturescripture””??

OT? Law? Prophets? Psalms?OT? Law? Prophets? Psalms?

Is scripture reading faltering today?Is scripture reading faltering today?

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NT Readings of Apostle Paul

Multiple Readings of ScriptureNT Readings of Apostle Paul


NT readings accorded prominenceNT readings accorded prominencePaul to ChurchesPaul to Churches

I I charge you charge you before the Lord to before the Lord to have this letter readhave this letter read to all the brothers.to all the brothers.

I Thess 4:27I Thess 4:27

Includes the epistles. Includes the epistles.

Public reading faltering today? Why?Public reading faltering today? Why?

BE SUPPORTIVE! BE SUPPORTIVE!

Have you read through entire bible?Have you read through entire bible?

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Why is Scripture so important?Why is Scripture so important?

1.1.2.2.3.3.4.4.5.5.

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Why is Scripture so important?Why is Scripture so important?

1. Word of God is living, active, sharper 1. Word of God is living, active, sharper than any two-edged sword than any two-edged sword (Heb 4:12)(Heb 4:12)

2. Safety– keeps us on right path2. Safety– keeps us on right path3. Commanded to read it3. Commanded to read it4. Revelation—only scripture has it4. Revelation—only scripture has it5. Timeless—way to avoid fads5. Timeless—way to avoid fads

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Ways to Make Scripture Prominent?Ways to Make Scripture Prominent?

1. Have congregation read 1. Have congregation read (not just pastor)(not just pastor)2. Read longer passages 2. Read longer passages (expand time devoted)(expand time devoted)

3. Read two or more passages3. Read two or more passages3. 3. ““This is the word of GodThis is the word of God””4. Stand (respect for reading)4. Stand (respect for reading)5. Form a Scripture Reading Group5. Form a Scripture Reading Group6. Reader6. Reader’’s Theaters Theater7. Read entire book (short letter/epistle)7. Read entire book (short letter/epistle)8. Different age groups can read in stereo8. Different age groups can read in stereo9. Family memorization project9. Family memorization project10. Project verse during instru interlude 10. Project verse during instru interlude

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Ways tomake Scripture more Prominent?Ways tomake Scripture more Prominent?

1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. 6. 7. 7. 8. 8.

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10 Practical Ideas10 Practical IdeasWorship Leader, You are the idea person!Worship Leader, You are the idea person!

Offer suggestionsOffer suggestions

Help pastor/service be more creativeHelp pastor/service be more creative

Put energy into reading of scripturePut energy into reading of scripture

Use Computer Projection creativelyUse Computer Projection creatively

Some possibilities…Some possibilities…

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Creatively

Reading ScriptureCreatively

Reading Scripture1. During an expository sermon1. During an expository sermon• put bible passage on screenput bible passage on screen

Use most appropriate translationUse most appropriate translation

• as pastor works through passage, as pastor works through passage,

have people read aloud the key verseshave people read aloud the key verses

Make sermons more interactiveMake sermons more interactive

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Creatively


Reading Scripture2. Fonts for a dynamic response2. Fonts for a dynamic response

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Creatively


Reading Scripture2. Fonts for a dynamic response2. Fonts for a dynamic responsePraise the LordPraise the LordPraise the Lord!Praise the Lord!

Praise the LordPraise the Lord Praise the Lord!Praise the Lord!

Praise the Lord! Praise the Lord!

Praise the Lord!!Praise the Lord!!

Praise the Lord!!!Praise the Lord!!!

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Creatively


Reading Scripture Dynamic fonts works well with:Dynamic fonts works well with:Glory to God!Glory to God!He is coming!He is coming!Amen!Amen!He is Risen! He is Risen! He is Risen Indeed!He is Risen Indeed! Use with Use with ALLALL or with different sectors of or with different sectors of

church participatingchurch participating Children, Teenagers, College Age, Mothers, Fathers, Children, Teenagers, College Age, Mothers, Fathers,

SeniorsSeniors

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Creatively


Reading Scripture3. Repetitions of three are in scripture3. Repetitions of three are in scripture

Ascribe to the Lord, Ascribe to the Lord, O families of nations,O families of nations,

Ascribe to the Lord, Ascribe to the Lord, glory and strengthglory and strength

Ascribe to the Lord, Ascribe to the Lord, the glory due his name the glory due his name

I Chron 16:28I Chron 16:28

Psalms have built in congregational responses!Psalms have built in congregational responses!

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Instruct the people, offer

Reading suggestionsInstruct the people, offer

Reading suggestions Take a breath at punctuationTake a breath at punctuation

““So we can stay together when readingSo we can stay together when reading”” Add more punctuation (if it will help)Add more punctuation (if it will help)

Observe fonts, colors, dynamicsObserve fonts, colors, dynamics We are all a part of the dramaWe are all a part of the drama

We are all telling the storyWe are all telling the story

Rehearse (briefly) the people as neededRehearse (briefly) the people as needed

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Creatively


Reading Scripture

4. Flexible interaction 4. Flexible interaction [What could we do? How?][What could we do? How?]

As servants of God, we commend ourselves As servants of God, we commend ourselves in every way: in great endurance; in in every way: in great endurance; in troubles, hardships and distresses…beaten, troubles, hardships and distresses…beaten, and yet not killed, sorrowful, yet always and yet not killed, sorrowful, yet always rejoicing; poor, yet making many rich; rejoicing; poor, yet making many rich; having nothing, and yet possessing having nothing, and yet possessing everything. 2 Cor 6;4, 9-10everything. 2 Cor 6;4, 9-10

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Creatively


Reading Scripture

4. Flexible interaction 4. Flexible interaction [try this][try this]

As servants of God, we commend ourselves As servants of God, we commend ourselves in every way: in great endurance; in in every way: in great endurance; in troubles, hardships and distresses…beaten, troubles, hardships and distresses…beaten, and yet not killed,and yet not killed, sorrowful, sorrowful, yet always yet always rejoicing;rejoicing; poor, poor, yet making many richyet making many rich; ; having nothing, having nothing, and yet possessing and yet possessing everything. everything. 2 Cor 6;4, 9-102 Cor 6;4, 9-10

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Creatively


Reading Scripture Flexible interaction Josh 1:1-6Flexible interaction Josh 1:1-6Perform in class – Pastor (green), People (pink)Perform in class – Pastor (green), People (pink)

After the death of Moses the servant of God, the After the death of Moses the servant of God, the Lord said to Joshua the son of Nun, MosesLord said to Joshua the son of Nun, Moses’’ aide: aide:

Moses my servant is dead. Now, then you and all Moses my servant is dead. Now, then you and all these people, get ready to cross the Jordan River these people, get ready to cross the Jordan River into the land I am about to give to them—to the into the land I am about to give to them—to the Israelites. I will give you every place where you set Israelites. I will give you every place where you set your foot, as I promised Moses.your foot, as I promised Moses.

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Creatively


Reading Scripture Flexible interactionFlexible interaction

No one will be able to stand up against you No one will be able to stand up against you all the days of your life.all the days of your life.

As I was with Moses, so will I be with you;As I was with Moses, so will I be with you; I will never leave you nor forsake you.I will never leave you nor forsake you. Be strong and courageousBe strong and courageous

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Creatively



Be careful to obey all the law my servant Be careful to obey all the law my servant Moses gave you; do not turn to the right or Moses gave you; do not turn to the right or to the left, that you my be successful to the left, that you my be successful wherever you go.wherever you go.

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Creatively



Do not let this Book of the Law depart from Do not let this Book of the Law depart from your mouth;your mouth;

Meditate on it day and night, so that you Meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do everything written in it.may be careful to do everything written in it.

Then you will be prosperous and successful.Then you will be prosperous and successful. Have I not commanded you?Have I not commanded you?

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Creatively



Be strong and courageous.Be strong and courageous. Do not be terrified;Do not be terrified; Do not be discouraged,Do not be discouraged, For the Lord your God will be with you For the Lord your God will be with you

wherever you go.wherever you go.

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Creatively


Reading Scripture5. Children Reading Scripture: CIB5. Children Reading Scripture: CIB

So then, get rid of all evil and all lying. So then, get rid of all evil and all lying. Do not be a hypocrite. Do not be a hypocrite. Do not be jealous or speak evil of others.Do not be jealous or speak evil of others. Put all of these things out of your life.Put all of these things out of your life. As newborn babies want milk, you should want the pure As newborn babies want milk, you should want the pure

and simple teaching.and simple teaching. By it you can grow up and be saved. 1 Peter 2:1,2By it you can grow up and be saved. 1 Peter 2:1,2

each child reads one line OR stereoeach child reads one line OR stereo

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Creatively


Reading Scripture

6. Character Lines6. Character Lines

Different reader for each characterDifferent reader for each character

Two readers represent one personTwo readers represent one person One for One for outwardoutward dialogue dialogue Another for Another for innerinner thoughts thoughts

Perform an Easter ReadingPerform an Easter ReadingHave individuals represent the charactersHave individuals represent the characters

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Creatively


Reading Scripture

7. Divide Congregation into sectors 7. Divide Congregation into sectors [enlist class for possibilities][enlist class for possibilities]

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Creatively


Reading Scripture7. Divide Congregation into sectors 7. Divide Congregation into sectors [enlist class for possibilities][enlist class for possibilities]

Male Leader: Make a joyful noise to the Lord, all the Male Leader: Make a joyful noise to the Lord, all the lands.lands.

MenMen: Serve the Lord with gladness! Come into His : Serve the Lord with gladness! Come into His presence with singing.presence with singing.

Female Leader: Know that the Lord is God!Female Leader: Know that the Lord is God! WomenWomen: It is He that hath made us, and we are His: We : It is He that hath made us, and we are His: We

are His people, and the sheep of His pasture.are His people, and the sheep of His pasture.

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Creatively


Reading Scripture8. Effects that 8. Effects that StartleStartle and and Surprise!Surprise! Drama on Pentecost Sunday Drama on Pentecost Sunday (June)(June)

Spirit descends, violent wind, tongues of fireSpirit descends, violent wind, tongues of fire Dramatize this stunning eventDramatize this stunning event

Part 1: Use ReaderPart 1: Use Reader’’s Theatres Theatre Selected Readers, Choir, and CongregationSelected Readers, Choir, and Congregation

Part 2: Peter enters, preachesPart 2: Peter enters, preaches Walks down the aisle in traditional garbWalks down the aisle in traditional garb Preaches memorized sermon (Act 2:14-26)Preaches memorized sermon (Act 2:14-26)

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Rehearse now: Narrator (N), Disciple, Jesus, People, Choir, PeterRehearse now: Narrator (N), Disciple, Jesus, People, Choir, Peter Below (excerpts – suggestive of what you could do)Below (excerpts – suggestive of what you could do)

NN: So when the disciples met together, they : So when the disciples met together, they asked Jesus,asked Jesus,

DiscipleDisciple: : ““Lord, are you at this time going to Lord, are you at this time going to restore the kingdom to Israel?restore the kingdom to Israel?””

Jesus: Jesus: ““It is not for you to know the times or It is not for you to know the times or dates the Father has set by his own authority. dates the Father has set by his own authority. But you shall receive power when the Holy But you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you will be my Spirit comes on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all of Judea and witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all of Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.

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NN (speaks with steady tempo), (speaks with steady tempo), ChoirChoir (interjects): (interjects):

When the day of Pentecost came, they were all When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place. Suddenly a together in one place. Suddenly a soundsound like like the blowing of a the blowing of a violent wind violent wind came from came from heaven and heaven and filledfilled the whole house where they the whole house where they were sitting. They saw what seemed to be were sitting. They saw what seemed to be tonguestongues of of firefire that separated and came to that separated and came to restrest on on each one each one of them. All of them were of them. All of them were filledfilled with the with the Holy Spirit Holy Spirit and began to speak and began to speak in other in other tonguestongues as the Spirit enabled them. as the Spirit enabled them.

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N: N: Now there were staying in Jerusalem God Now there were staying in Jerusalem God fearing Jews from every nation under fearing Jews from every nation under heaven. When they heard this sound, a heaven. When they heard this sound, a crowd came together in bewilderment crowd came together in bewilderment because each one heard them speaking in his because each one heard them speaking in his own language. Utterly amazed, they asked:own language. Utterly amazed, they asked:

People: People: ““Are not all these men Galileans? Are not all these men Galileans? Then how is it that each of us hears them in Then how is it that each of us hears them in his own language…we hear them declaring his own language…we hear them declaring the wonder of God in our own tongues!the wonder of God in our own tongues!

N: N: Amazed and perplexed they asked one Amazed and perplexed they asked one another,another,

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PeoplePeople: What does this mean?: What does this mean? N: N: Some, however, made fun of them and Some, however, made fun of them and

said, said, People: People: They have had too much wine.They have had too much wine.

Peter walks in Peter walks in (pastor?)(pastor?): : ““Fellow Jews Fellow Jews and all of you who live in Jerusalem, let me and all of you who live in Jerusalem, let me explain this to you; listen carefully what I say. explain this to you; listen carefully what I say. These men are not drunk with wine, as you These men are not drunk with wine, as you suppose. No, this is what was spoken by the suppose. No, this is what was spoken by the prophet Joel: prophet Joel: ““I will pour out my Spirit on all I will pour out my Spirit on all people….people….””

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Creatively


Reading Scripture9. Read a whole book 9. Read a whole book (see appendix of PIP)(see appendix of PIP)

Pastor starting a series on 1 ThessPastor starting a series on 1 Thess Read the whole book as precursor to his seriesRead the whole book as precursor to his series Work in offering, songs, prayers, sharing at endWork in offering, songs, prayers, sharing at end

Readers Readers Congregation, young and old readers Congregation, young and old readers

PaulPaul Voice on tape as he writes with a quill on a deskVoice on tape as he writes with a quill on a desk

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Creatively


Reading Scripture10. Echo the meaning10. Echo the meaning Anticipating, following, counterpointAnticipating, following, counterpoint

R1: If I speak in the tongues of men and of angels…R1: If I speak in the tongues of men and of angels… R2: but have not love (anticipates)R2: but have not love (anticipates) R1: but have not loveR1: but have not love R3: but have not love (follows)R3: but have not love (follows)

Work through 1 Cor 13Work through 1 Cor 13 Duet of Prayer of Francis of Assisi Duet of Prayer of Francis of Assisi

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10 ideas10 ideas

1. Scripture during the sermon1. Scripture during the sermon

2. Fonts for dynamic response2. Fonts for dynamic response

3. Repetitions of three3. Repetitions of three

4. Flexible interaction4. Flexible interaction

5. Children reading scripture5. Children reading scripture

6. Character lines 6. Character lines

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10 ideas10 ideas

7. Divide congregation into sectors7. Divide congregation into sectors

8. Read a whole book8. Read a whole book

9. Effects that startle and surprise9. Effects that startle and surprise

10. Echo the meaning10. Echo the meaningFinally, donFinally, don’’t overdo it!t overdo it!

Occasional (not constant) use is bestOccasional (not constant) use is best

Simple reading of scripture is fine tooSimple reading of scripture is fine too

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Mainline/Catholic PracticeMainline/Catholic Practice

Lectionary (3 prescribed readings)Lectionary (3 prescribed readings)Old TestamentOld TestamentEpistlesEpistlesGospels (Gospels (onlyonly priest reads Gospels) priest reads Gospels)

Derived from OT practice and PaulDerived from OT practice and Paul’’s s admonitionadmonition

Catholic/Mainline Catholic/Mainline identicalidentical selections selections

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Use of ScriptureUse of Scripture Scripture readingsScripture readings

Isaiah chapter (entire) read by 25 year oldIsaiah chapter (entire) read by 25 year old Psalm 23 (entire) chanted by allPsalm 23 (entire) chanted by all Phil 4 (entire) read by 25 year oldPhil 4 (entire) read by 25 year old Matt 22 (entire) read by priestMatt 22 (entire) read by priest

Congregational response after each ScriptureCongregational response after each Scripture Praise be to You Lord Jesus ChristPraise be to You Lord Jesus Christ Glory to You Lord GodGlory to You Lord God

The sermon incorporated all 4 scripturesThe sermon incorporated all 4 scriptures(Let(Let’’s return to the synagogue discussion)s return to the synagogue discussion)

Catholic Service Oct 10, 1999

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Also central to synagogue

Prayer(Including Fixed Prayers)

Also central to synagogue

Prayer(Including Fixed Prayers)

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Synagogue Service

Prayer: 18 BenedictionsSynagogue Service

Prayer: 18 Benedictions

1. 1. Blessed are thou, Lord, God of our Blessed are thou, Lord, God of our fathers, God of Abraham, Isaac, fathers, God of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, great, mighty and fearful Jacob, great, mighty and fearful God who created the heavens, our God who created the heavens, our shield and shield and the shield of our fathersthe shield of our fathers, , our trust in every generation.our trust in every generation. Blessed art thou, shield of Abraham.Blessed art thou, shield of Abraham.

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Synagogue Service



3. 3. Thou art holyThou art holy and thy name is and thy name is awesome, and besides thee there is awesome, and besides thee there is no other.no other. Blessed art thou, Lord, Blessed art thou, Lord, the holy one.the holy one.

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Synagogue Service



6. 6. Forgive us, our Father, for we Forgive us, our Father, for we have sinned against thee. Wipe out have sinned against thee. Wipe out and remove our evil deeds from and remove our evil deeds from before thine eyes. For thy before thine eyes. For thy merciesmercies are many.are many. Blessed art thou, Lord, Blessed art thou, Lord, rich in mercy.rich in mercy.

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Synagogue Service



15. 15. HearHear, Lord our God, the voice of , Lord our God, the voice of our prayerour prayer, and be merciful to us; , and be merciful to us; for thou art a gracious and for thou art a gracious and merciful God.merciful God. Blessed art thou, Blessed art thou, Lord, who hearest prayer.Lord, who hearest prayer.

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Jesus on PrayerJesus on Prayer

Ask and it shall be given, seek and you shall find, Ask and it shall be given, seek and you shall find, knock and it shall be opened knock and it shall be opened Matt 7:7Matt 7:7

Pray for those who persecute youPray for those who persecute you Matt 5:44Matt 5:44 (People) aught to pray and not lose heart(People) aught to pray and not lose heart Luke 18:1Luke 18:1

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Keep alert and pray. Otherwise temptation will Keep alert and pray. Otherwise temptation will overpower you. For though the spirit is willing enough, overpower you. For though the spirit is willing enough, the body is weak. Matt 26:41the body is weak. Matt 26:41

These things Jesus spoke and lifting up his eyes to These things Jesus spoke and lifting up his eyes to heaven… that they may be one, just as We are one…. heaven… that they may be one, just as We are one…. John 17:32 John 17:32

And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogue and on the they love to pray standing in the synagogue and on the street corner to be seen by men… street corner to be seen by men… Matt 6:5Matt 6:5

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My house shall be called a house of My house shall be called a house of prayer for all nationsprayer for all nations

Mark 11:17Mark 11:17

Are fixed/read prayers Are fixed/read prayers less spiritual than less spiritual than

improvised prayers?improvised prayers?(Lord(Lord’’s Prayer – a fixed prayer?) s Prayer – a fixed prayer?)

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Paul on PrayerPaul on Prayer

Pray without ceasing Pray without ceasing I Thess 5:17I Thess 5:17

I will pray with the Spirit, and I shall I will pray with the Spirit, and I shall pray with the mind also pray with the mind also I Cor 14:15I Cor 14:15

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A Great Prayer of Paul’sA Great Prayer of Paul’s

(I) do not cease giving thanks for (I) do not cease giving thanks for you…that the God of our Lord Jesus you…that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give Christ, the Father of glory, may give you a spirit of wisdom and of you a spirit of wisdom and of revelation of the knowledge of revelation of the knowledge of Him… that your eyes may be Him… that your eyes may be enlightened, enlightened,

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A Great Prayer of Paul’sA Great Prayer of Paul’s

so that you may be able to know what is the so that you may be able to know what is the hope of His calling, what are the riches of hope of His calling, what are the riches of his glory of his inheritance in the saints, his glory of his inheritance in the saints, and what is the surpassing greatness of His and what is the surpassing greatness of His power toward us who believepower toward us who believe

Eph 1:16-19Eph 1:16-19

Worth memorizing!Worth memorizing!...yet prayer is faltering...yet prayer is faltering

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Write a Prayer

Hand in at Monday ClassWrite a Prayer

Hand in at Monday Class

Reflect on PaulReflect on Paul’’s Prayer s Prayer Eph 1:16-19Eph 1:16-19

Let it be your foundationLet it be your foundationExpand upon it—one ½ to 1 pageExpand upon it—one ½ to 1 pageLook for synonyms of key wordsLook for synonyms of key wordsDraw in entire congregationDraw in entire congregationHow can we do that? How can we do that? Use Use we (us), etcwe (us), etc

Be prepared to read yours in classBe prepared to read yours in class

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Ways to Make Prayer More VitalWays to Make Prayer More Vital

1. 1. 2.2.3.3.4.4.

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Ways to Make Prayer More VitalWays to Make Prayer More Vital

1. ACTS: 1. ACTS: adoration, confession, thanksgiving, adoration, confession, thanksgiving, supplication/intercession supplication/intercession

2. Bring back Pastoral Prayer2. Bring back Pastoral Prayer3. 3. ““BiddingBidding”” or Guided Prayer or Guided Prayer All pray out loud/1 at time/silentlyAll pray out loud/1 at time/silently

4. Leader kneels/raises hands4. Leader kneels/raises hands5. 5. Lengthen time for corporate prayerLengthen time for corporate prayer

6. Pray (often) in private6. Pray (often) in private

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Half hour before the serviceHalf hour before the service 40 people praying silently40 people praying silently Kneeling on benchesKneeling on benches

During serviceDuring service Everyone kneeling in prayerEveryone kneeling in prayer Four prayers Four prayers readread

After serviceAfter service People remained and prayedPeople remained and prayed

PrayerPrayerCatholic Service Oct 10, 1999

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What are your thoughts about

Creeds?What are your thoughts about

Creeds?

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Synagogue Service

Shema recitedSynagogue Service

Shema recitedHear, O Israel! The Lord is our God, the Lord is Hear, O Israel! The Lord is our God, the Lord is

One! You shall love the Lord your God with One! You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and soul and with all your all your heart and soul and with all your might... might...

These words shall be on your heart… teach These words shall be on your heart… teach them to your sons and daughters…when you them to your sons and daughters…when you sit at home and when you lie down and rise up. sit at home and when you lie down and rise up. (Deut 6:4)(Deut 6:4)

Put words on wrist, forehead, doorpostsPut words on wrist, forehead, doorposts

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Is there a NT equivalent

to Shema?

Is there a NT equivalent

to Shema?

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NT

Precedent for CreedsNT

Precedent for Creeds

Great indeed, we confess, is the Great indeed, we confess, is the mystery of our religion:mystery of our religion:

He was manifested in the flesh,He was manifested in the flesh,Vindicated in the Spirit,Vindicated in the Spirit,Seen by angels,Seen by angels,Preached among the nations,Preached among the nations,Believed on in the worldBelieved on in the world

Taken up to glory.Taken up to glory. 1 Tim 3:161 Tim 3:16

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Church Service

Nicene Creed (381 A.D)Church Service

Nicene Creed (381 A.D)

I believe in one GodI believe in one God [Q], the Father Almighty, [Q], the Father Almighty, creator of heaven and earth, and all things creator of heaven and earth, and all things visible and invisible….visible and invisible….

And in one Lord Jesus ChristAnd in one Lord Jesus Christ [Q), the only [Q), the only begotten Son of God, begotten before all time, begotten Son of God, begotten before all time, Light from Light….Light from Light….

And I believe in the Holy SpiritAnd I believe in the Holy Spirit [Q], the Lord and [Q], the Lord and giver of life….giver of life….

And I believe in one universal and apostolic And I believe in one universal and apostolic ChurchChurch….….

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The Apostles CreedThe Apostles CreedI believe in God, the FatherI believe in God, the Father almighty, almighty,Creator of heaven and earth.Creator of heaven and earth.I believe in Jesus Christ,I believe in Jesus Christ, his only son, our Lord, his only son, our Lord,

who was conceived by the Holy Spirit and born who was conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of the virgin Mary. He suffered under Pontius of the virgin Mary. He suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; he Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; he descended to hell. The third day he rose again descended to hell. The third day he rose again from the dead. He ascended to heaven and is from the dead. He ascended to heaven and is seated at the right hand of God the Father…seated at the right hand of God the Father…

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The Apostles CreedThe Apostles Creed

I believe in the Holy Spirit,I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy the holy catholic church, the communion of saints, catholic church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, and resurrection the forgiveness of sins, and resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen.Amen.

[[““CatholicCatholic””: the true Christian church of all : the true Christian church of all times and all places]times and all places]

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Sung Paraphrased Apostles CreedSung Paraphrased Apostles CreedI believe in God the Father,I believe in God the Father,Maker of the heavMaker of the heav’’n and earth,n and earth,And in Jesus Christ, our Savior,And in Jesus Christ, our Savior,GodGod’’s own Son of matchless worth;s own Son of matchless worth;By the Holy Ghost con-ceiv-ed,By the Holy Ghost con-ceiv-ed,Vir-gin Ma-ry bore GodVir-gin Ma-ry bore God’’s Son,s Son,He in whom I have be-liev-ed,He in whom I have be-liev-ed,God Almighty, Three in One.God Almighty, Three in One.

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Suffered under Pontius Pilate,Suffered under Pontius Pilate,Crucified for me He died;Crucified for me He died;Laid within the grave so silent,Laid within the grave so silent,Gates of hell He opened wide.Gates of hell He opened wide.And the stone-sealed tomb was empty,And the stone-sealed tomb was empty,On the third day He arose,On the third day He arose,Into hea-ven made his entry,Into hea-ven made his entry,Mighty conqueror of His foes.Mighty conqueror of His foes.

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At GodAt God’’s right hand He is seated,s right hand He is seated,

Till His coming, as He said;Till His coming, as He said;

Final judgment will be metedFinal judgment will be meted

to the living and the dead;to the living and the dead;

I con-fess the Holy SpiritI con-fess the Holy Spirit

Has been sentHas been sent

through Christ the Son,through Christ the Son,

To apply salvationTo apply salvation’’s merit,s merit,

God the Spirit--Three in One.God the Spirit--Three in One.

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I affirm that all believersI affirm that all believersform one body as a whole;form one body as a whole;We are one throughout the ages,We are one throughout the ages,With the saints I lift my soul;With the saints I lift my soul;I believe sins are forgiven,I believe sins are forgiven,That our bodies will be raised,That our bodies will be raised,Everlasting life in heaven,Everlasting life in heaven,Amen, let His name be praised.Amen, let His name be praised. EndEnd

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Chorus/Marc Nelson

Creedal ContentChorus/Marc Nelson

Creedal ContentI believe in JesusI believe in JesusI believe he is the Son of GodI believe he is the Son of GodI believe He died and rose againI believe He died and rose againI believe He paid for us allI believe He paid for us allAnd I believe that HeAnd I believe that He’’s here nows here now standing in our midststanding in our midstHere with the power to heal nowHere with the power to heal nowAnd the grace to forgiveAnd the grace to forgive

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Gospel Song/Fanny Crosby

Creedal Content?Gospel Song/Fanny Crosby

Creedal Content?To God be the glory great To God be the glory great things he has done,things he has done,So loved he the world that So loved he the world that he gave us his son,he gave us his son,Who yielded his life an Who yielded his life an atonement for sin,atonement for sin,And opened the Life-gate And opened the Life-gate that all may go in.that all may go in.

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Gospel Song/Fanny Crosby

Kerygma ContentGospel Song/Fanny Crosby

Kerygma ContentO perfect redemption, the O perfect redemption, the purchase of blood!purchase of blood!To every believer the promise To every believer the promise of God:of God:The vilest offender who truly The vilest offender who truly believes,believes,That moment from Jesus a That moment from Jesus a pardon receives.pardon receives.

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Church Service

Pros and Cons of CreedsChurch Service

Pros and Cons of CreedsNegativesNegatives Can be unthinking rote exerciseCan be unthinking rote exercise Can be recited but not believedCan be recited but not believed

False assurance of salvation?False assurance of salvation?

PositivesPositives Contains core theology (compact)Contains core theology (compact) Defense against false doctrineDefense against false doctrine Burns essentials into psycheBurns essentials into psyche Joy of shared affirmationJoy of shared affirmation

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What are your thoughts about

Creeds?What are your thoughts about

Creeds?

96

Synagogue ServiceSynagogue Service

Highly influential historicallyHighly influential historically Christian Church increasingly Christian Church increasingly revertsreverts

to catechistic tone of synagogue model to catechistic tone of synagogue model (100-400 AD)(100-400 AD)

Use of instruments in first 1000 years Use of instruments in first 1000 years of Church is muted greatly by of Church is muted greatly by influence of Synagogueinfluence of Synagogue

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Synagogue Service

Use of MusicSynagogue Service

Use of Music

Congregational focusCongregational focus Cantor leads singingCantor leads singing Instruments used very sparingly or Instruments used very sparingly or

avoided altogetheravoided altogether

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The Feel of Life:Restrict InstrumentsThe Feel of Life:Restrict Instruments

Synagogue banned instrumentsSynagogue banned instruments

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Synagogues banned instrumentsSynagogues banned instruments They have lyre and harp, timbrel and They have lyre and harp, timbrel and

flute and wine at their feasts; but they flute and wine at their feasts; but they do not regard the deeds of the Lorddo not regard the deeds of the Lord . . Isa Isa 5:125:12

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Synagogues banned instrumentsSynagogues banned instruments They have lyre and harp, timbrel and They have lyre and harp, timbrel and

flute and wine at their feasts; but they flute and wine at their feasts; but they do not regard the deeds of the Lorddo not regard the deeds of the Lord . . Isa Isa 5:125:12

Whoever drinks to the accompaniment Whoever drinks to the accompaniment of the 4 instruments brings 5 of the 4 instruments brings 5 punishments to the world.punishments to the world. Rabbi JohananRabbi Johanan

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Church Fathers accept vocal musicChurch Fathers accept vocal music

102


Church Fathers accept vocal musicChurch Fathers accept vocal music Church Fathers denounce instrumentsChurch Fathers denounce instruments

103



““The flute belongs to those The flute belongs to those superstitious men who run to superstitious men who run to idolatry.idolatry.”” Clement (200)Clement (200)

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““The flute belongs to those superstitious The flute belongs to those superstitious men who run to idolatry.men who run to idolatry.”” Clement (200)Clement (200)

““Where the aulos is, there, by no means, Where the aulos is, there, by no means, is Christ.is Christ.”” John Chrysostom John Chrysostom (375)(375)

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ChrysostomChrysostom Where are they who give Where are they who give

themselves to devilish choirs, and themselves to devilish choirs, and harlotharlot’’s songs, and sit in s songs, and sit in theatres? I am ashamed [of theatres? I am ashamed [of them]them]

But here [in the church] the grace But here [in the church] the grace of the Spirit pours forth, using of the Spirit pours forth, using instead of flute or lyre or pipes, instead of flute or lyre or pipes, the lips of saints.the lips of saints.

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Clement of AlexandriaClement of Alexandria

We make use of We make use of one instrument one instrument [the voice]…and no longer the [the voice]…and no longer the trumpet, the tympanum and the trumpet, the tympanum and the aulos…. The irregular movements aulos…. The irregular movements of auloi, choruses, dances, of auloi, choruses, dances, Egyptian clappers and other such Egyptian clappers and other such playthings become altogether playthings become altogether indecent and uncouth. indecent and uncouth.

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Clement of AlexandriaClement of Alexandria

In truth these instruments In truth these instruments are to be banished from the are to be banished from the sober symposium…sober symposium…

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Church Fathers denounce instrumentsChurch Fathers denounce instruments Invective surprisingly strongInvective surprisingly strong

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Lasts 300+ yearsLasts 300+ years

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Lasts 300+ yearsLasts 300+ years

Strongly influences Catholic Church (1000 years)Strongly influences Catholic Church (1000 years)

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Augustine (400) more mediatingAugustine (400) more mediating We must not shun music because of We must not shun music because of

the superstition of the heathen the superstition of the heathen ifif we we

are able to snatch from it anything are able to snatch from it anything

useful to the understanding of the useful to the understanding of the

Holy Scriptures.Holy Scriptures.

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AugustineAugustine

I used to be more fascinated by I used to be more fascinated by the pleasures of sound than the pleasures of sound than smell. I was enthralled by them, smell. I was enthralled by them, but you [God] broke my bonds but you [God] broke my bonds and set me free…I still find and set me free…I still find enjoyment in the music of hymns, enjoyment in the music of hymns, but I do not enjoy it so much that but I do not enjoy it so much that I cannot tear myself away.I cannot tear myself away.

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AugustineAugustine I find it difficult to assign it I find it difficult to assign it

[music] to its proper place. For [music] to its proper place. For sometimes I treat it with more sometimes I treat it with more honor that it deserves. When honor that it deserves. When they are sung, these sacred they are sung, these sacred words stir my heart to greater words stir my heart to greater religious fervor and kindle in religious fervor and kindle in me a more ardent flame of me a more ardent flame of piety than if they were not piety than if they were not sung.sung.

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AugustineAugustine

But I ought not But I ought not to allow to allow my mind to be paralyzed my mind to be paralyzed by the gratification of the by the gratification of the senses, which often lead senses, which often lead me astray. For the senses me astray. For the senses are not content to take are not content to take second place…second place…

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AugustineAugustine

So I waver So I waver between the danger between the danger that lies in gratifying the that lies in gratifying the senses and the benefits which…senses and the benefits which…can accrue from singing. I am can accrue from singing. I am inclined to inclined to approveapprove the custom the custom of singing in church in order of singing in church in order that by indulging the ears, that by indulging the ears, weaker spirits may be inspired weaker spirits may be inspired with feelings of devotion.with feelings of devotion.

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AugustineAugustine

Yet when I find the singing Yet when I find the singing itself more moving than the itself more moving than the truth it conveys, I confess truth it conveys, I confess this is a grevious sinthis is a grevious sin, and at , and at those times I would prefer those times I would prefer not to hear the singer.not to hear the singer.

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Survey of 7000 Protestant Pastors in 1999 (reported in Orange County Register)Survey of 7000 Protestant Pastors in 1999 (reported in Orange County Register)

Methodists - Methodists - 51% NO51% NO Episcopalians - Episcopalians - 35% NO35% NO American Baptist - 33% NOAmerican Baptist - 33% NO Presbyterian - 30% NOPresbyterian - 30% NO American Lutheran - 13% NOAmerican Lutheran - 13% NO

Do you accept Jesus physical resurrection as a fact?Do you accept Jesus physical resurrection as a fact?

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Survey of 7000 Protestant Pastors in 1999Survey of 7000 Protestant Pastors in 1999

Methodists - Methodists - 60% NO60% NO Presbyterian - 49% NOPresbyterian - 49% NO Episcopalians - Episcopalians - 44% NO44% NO American Baptist - 34% NOAmerican Baptist - 34% NO American Lutheran - 19% NOAmerican Lutheran - 19% NO

Do you believe in the virgin birth of Jesus?Do you believe in the virgin birth of Jesus?

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Survey of 7000 Protestant Pastors in 1999Survey of 7000 Protestant Pastors in 1999

Episcopalians - Episcopalians - 95% NO95% NO Methodists - Methodists - 87% NO87% NO Presbyterian - 82% NOPresbyterian - 82% NO American Lutheran - 77% NOAmerican Lutheran - 77% NO American Baptist - 67% NOAmerican Baptist - 67% NO

Do you believe the Scriptures are the inerrant word of God in faith, history, and secular matters?

Do you believe the Scriptures are the inerrant word of God in faith, history, and secular matters?

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