Date post: | 23-Dec-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | alfred-dixon |
View: | 214 times |
Download: | 0 times |
1
2003 RESULTS Information MeetingFebruary 26, 2004
2
DisclaimerLafarge is a corporation listed on the NYSE and Euronext Paris. Statements made in this presentation that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions ("Factors") which are difficult to predict. Some of the Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the cyclical nature of the Company's business; national and regional economic conditions in the countries in which the Group does business; currency fluctuations; seasonality of the Company's operations; levels of construction spending in major markets; supply/demand structure of the industry; competition from new or existing competitors; unfavorable weather conditions during peak construction periods; changes in and implementation of environmental and other governmental regulations; our ability to successfully identify, complete and efficiently integrate acquisitions; our ability to successfully penetrate new markets; and other Factors disclosed in the Company's Reference Document filed with the French COB under the reference number D0-0375 as updated on June 5, 2003 and November 17, 2003, and its annual report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in the USA. In general, the Company is subject to the risks and uncertainties of the construction industry and of doing business throughout the world. The forward-looking statements are made as of this date and the Company undertakes no obligation to update them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
3
2003 RESULTSJean-Jacques Gauthier
Chief Financial Officerand
Executive Vice President
4
Highlights of the year
Solid operational performance deliveredin a challenging environment
» Significant unfavorable exchange rate impact
» Sales up 4.6% excluding foreign exchange and scope impact
» Operating income(1) up 1.7% excluding foreign exchangeand scope impact, despite incremental pension costs
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
5
Highlights of the year
Substantial improvementof our financial structure
» Strong free cash flow, up 43% to € 1.6bn
» Very substantial net debt reduction: - € 3.2bn - € 1.2bn excluding impact of currency fluctuationsand of rights issue
» Cash flow from operations to net debt ratio up from 19%to 25.5% and gearing down from 110% to 67%
6
We achieved our 2003 objectivesin a challenging environment
7
€ m 2003 2002 Variation
Key figures
(1) After €300m extraordinary provision(2) Subject to approval of AGM
Income per share 3.5 + 40%
Net dividend 2.3 -
Sales 13,658 14,610 - 6.5%
Operating income 1,934 2,132 - 9.3%on ordinary activities
Net income group share 728 456(1) + 60%
€ 2003 2002 Variation
4.9
2.3(2)
8
13,658
14,610
590
- 1,287
- 255
2002 Scope Currencyimpact
Like for like 2003
- 9.0%
- 2.1%
€ m
2003 Sales up 4.6% like for like
+ 4.6%
growth like for like
9
1,934
2,132
- 99
- 46
- 185
132
2002 Scope Currency impact Incrementalpension costs
2003
- 8.6%
+ 1.7%
growthlike for like
- 2.4%
€ m
2003 Operating income(1) up 1.7% like for like
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
Like for likevariance
excl. incrementalpension costs
+ 6.9%
excluding Incremental
pension costs
10
Significant unfavorable currency impacton operating income(1): - 8.6%
» US Dollar - 16% (49)» Brazilian real - 21% (18)» Pound sterling - 9% (21)» Venezuelan bolivar - 39% (15)» Canadian Dollar - 6% (13)» Malaysian ringgit - 16% (10)» Jordan dinar - 16% (8)» Chilean peso - 17% (7)» Others (44)
TOTAL (185)
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities(2) Average rates
€ m2003/2002
Currency variation vs €(2)
11
Cement 1,466 1,606 - 9% + 4%+ 6%
Aggregates and Concrete 283 336 - 16% - 9%- 5%
Roofing 142 132 + 8% + 14%+ 14%
Gypsum 84 51 + 65% + 56%+ 58%
Others (41) 7 NA NA NA
2003 Variation Like for like
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
1,934 - 9.3% + 1.7%
2002
2,132
€ m
Operating income(1) by Division
Like for like excluding
incremental pension costs
+ 6.9%
CEMENT
Cement operating income(1) up 4 % like for like
» Substantial negative impact from currency fluctuations(- € 149m). Negative scope impact (- € 48m)
» Good volume growth (+ 4.6%) and overall positiveprice effect (+ 1.4%)
» Operating margin largely stable (- 0.2% to 21.2%) despite: incremental pension costs (- 0.3% impact on margin) German and Philippines price wars (- 0.5% impact on margin)
» Steady operational performance improvement
» ROCE: 8.4%
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
(1) 2001 proforma, with 12 months Blue Circle
Cement: Stable operating margins22.0% excluding German and Philippines price wars and incremental pension costs
21.5% excluding incremental pension costs
21.0%
21.9%
23.0%23.3%
21.4%21.0% 21.2%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Without former Blue Circle operations With former Blue Circle operations
(1)
Cement: Operating income(1) variance analysis
1,606
1,466
- 21- 147
+ 96+ 129
- 149- 48
2002 Scope Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costsexcluding
incrementalpension
costs
Incrementalpension
costs
2003
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
+ 4%
growth on a like for like basis
€ m
Strong volumes in H2
Favourable pricing trends except
Philippinesand Germany
Higher variable costs (transport, electricity, bags), changein inventory, push down
of Corporate costs, overall stabilityof fuel and plant fixed costs
Former Blue Circle operations
419440
- 10- 45
+ 68
- 23- 11
2002 Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs Incrementalpension
costs
2003
Strong increase in Greece and
Malaysia
Former Blue Circle operations:Variance analysis of estimated impacton operating income(1)
€ m
Additional 2003 operational synergies of € 65m
Negative effect in NA, Philippines,
Greekexports, UK
Synergies offset by
cost inflation and adverse
inventory effect
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
52
65
+ 6
- 15
+ 7
- 8- 3
2002 Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs Incrementalpension
costs
2003
All regions affected by
unfavourable pricing
BCNA Cement:Operating income(1) variance analysis
LNA synergies + 9Fixed costs
savingsoffset by negative inventory effect
€ m
Additional operational synergies of € 28mincluding € 9m synergies in LNA accounts
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities; before management fees paid to LNA
105
134
- 7
- 12 - 4 - 5 - 1
2002 Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs Incrementalpension
costs
2003
UK Cement:Operating income(1) variance analysis
Pressure with imminent arrivalof new producer
in flat marketand limited imports
€ m
Additional operational synergies of € 14m
Fixed costssavings offset
by Northfleet costs related to kiln maintenance
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
89
105
- 8- 4
+ 28
2002 Volumes Prices Costs 2003
Mainlydomestic
Greece Cement: Operating income(1) variance analysis
Domestic: + 17Export: - 21
€ m
Additional operational synergies of € 6m
Improved fuel mix, reduction in SGA,
negative inventory effect due to strong Q4 sales
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
€ m 2003 2002 2001
At current foreign exchange rate 419 440 423
Currency exchange impact(2) 61 15
Contribution at 2001 foreign exchange rate 480 455 423
Blue Circle operational contributionto overall operating income(1)
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities; after depreciation impact of asset revaluation: -€ 48m(2) Limited to USD and GBP evolution vs Euro
For more details see slide appendix n°1
Proforma
€ m 2001 contribution 423
Limited volume effect 8of which BCNA (28)
Unfavorable price effect (16)of which BCNA (33)of which Philippines (27)
Synergies(2) 197
Cost inflation (116)
Others (16)
2003 contribution 480
2001-2003 Blue Circle operating income(1) evolution
» Synergies delivered» Bottom line growth held back by adverse market situations
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities, at 2001 exchange rates(2) See next slide
2002 synergies 120 117
2003 synergies 77 65
2004 full year effectof 2003 synergies 18 NA(2)
Total 215
Synergies delivered as expected
2001 FX
Yearly impact on operating income(1) at:
Current FX
197
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities(2) Not applicable
€ m
AGGREGATES AND CONCRETE
Aggregates and Concrete operating income(1) down 9% like for like
» Substantial negative impact from currency fluctuation(- € 27m)
» - 5% variation like for like excluding incremental pension costs
» Concrete performance continues to improve
» Decline concentrated to Aggregates and Paving Poor results in France (volumes and costs) US results hit by some weaker markets and New Mexico paving exit
costs (Western US)
» ROCE: 6.8%
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
283
336
- 15
0-1
+ 4
- 17- 27
+ 3
2002 Scope Currencyimpact
Aggregates ReadymixConcrete
Asphalt &Paving
ConcreteProducts
Incr.pensioncosts
2003
Poor results in France,fuel costs
Aggregates and Concrete operating income(1): variance analysis by business line
Improved margins offset by exit costs from Western US portable paving
€ m
Strong performance offsetting material adverse external factors (in particular fuel)
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
Aggregates and Concrete operating margins affected by unfavorable markets
11.9%
13.0%14.1%
7.3% 7.6% 7.7% 7.9% 7.0%
6.3%5.7%
4.2%
3.2%3.4%
3.8%3.7%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Aggregates Total Other activities(Asphalt & Paving, Concrete products…)
Readymix concrete
2003excluding incremental
pension costs
6.7%
12.3%
4.0%
3.5%
283
336
- 15- 90
+ 72
+ 3
- 27
+ 4
2002 Scope Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs excl.Incremental
pension costs
Incrementalpension costs
2003
Favorable pricing in France,
UK & Canada
Aggregates and Concrete: Operating income(1) variance analysis
€ m
Exit costs from Western US portable paving,
weather related inefficiencies, fuel costs,
de-stocking
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
Limited effect due to some
weaker markets in US & French
aggregates
- 5%
like for like
ROOFING
Roofing operating income(1) up 14% like for like
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
2nd year of improved operating income(1)
despite still difficult market in Germany
Extensive restructuring is delivering satisfactory results
» Strong increase in operating income(1) in Germany,Eastern Europe and USA
» Weaker France and Benelux
» ROCE: 4.8%
Roofing operating margins show good improvement
9.4%8.6%8.1%
12.1%13.5%13.6%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
142132
- 7
+ 12
- 2 - 6
+ 13
2002 Scope Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs 2003
Mostly UK, South East
Europe,USA and
Chimneys
Roofing: Operating income(1) variance analysis
Good pricing environment
except Germanyand Benelux
€ m
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
Strong SG&A reduction offsetby variable cost
increase
+ 14% Like for like
GYPSUM
» Strong margin recovery in North America driven by improved industrial performance and increased volumes with good pricing in Q4
» Improved results in all regions
» Germany and Poland benefit from Gyproc synergies
» ROCE: 6.3%
Strong recovery with US turnaround confirmed
Good operational performance, higher gas prices
Gypsum operating income(1) up 56% like for like
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
Gypsum operating margins: strong growth
7.0%
4.4%
0.3%
5.1%
13.7%
10.8%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
84
- 11
51
+ 16
+ 4
+ 24
2002 Scope Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs 2003
Good trendsin UK,
US, Asia
Gypsum: Operating income(1) variance analysis
Good overall trendsImproved prices
in USA
€ m
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
MainlyGyproc
Higher energy costs
partly offsetby operational performance
NS
+ 56%
37
Pension costs and cash contribution
» In 2003, increase of pension costs and cash contributionin line with expectations, respectively € 99m and € 36m
» Defined benefit plans in North America & in UK showa combined funded position of 84% at year end 2003(87% in 2002). Adverse effects on net position of funded plans due to lower discount rates in NA and UK, and higher inflation related salary assumptions for the UK
» For 2004, € 25m additional pension costs and cash contribution expected
38
FROM OPERATING
INCOME TO NET INCOME
39
From operating income(1) to net income
€ m 2003 2002
Operating income(1) 1,934 2,132Non-recurring items(2) 122 (309)
Net financial charges (568) (521)
Taxes (425) (448)
Equity affiliates contributions 37 33
Minority interests (237) (273)
Goodwill amortization (135) (158)
Net income group share 728 456
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities(2) Including € 300m extraordinary provision in 2002
40
Non-recurring Items
€ m 2003 2002
Net gain on disposals 299 216
Net other income (expenses) (177) (225)
Extraordinary provision - (300)
TOTAL 122 (309)
(1) Provision concerning competition issues with European Commission and the German competition authority
(1)
41
Net Financial Charges
€ m 2003 2002
Financial charges on net debt (505) (577)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) (75) 66
Others 12 (10)
TOTAL (568) (521)
42
Cash flow statement
€ m 2003 2002
Cash flow from operations 1,799 1,956 Change in working capital 290 (165) Sustaining capex (536) (704)
Free cash flow 1,553 1,087Development investments (648) (809)Divestments 603 725
Free cash flow after investments 1,508 1,003Dividends (395) (388)Equity issuance 1,438 256Currency fluctuation impact 668 572Others (64) 44
Debt reduction 3,155 1,487Debt at the beginning of period 10,216 11,703Debt at period end 7,061 10,216
A significant improvement in free cash flow
43
Ongoing management of our debt
» Management of debt maturity Successful bond exchange offer in December 2003 Average maturity of fixed rate debt: 4.3 years
» Good level of committed unused lines of credit of € 3bn Covenant free Significant increase in the average duration
» Debt Structure Fixed rate debt carries 5.8% average rate at year end € denominated net debt at 47% of total, 24% USD/CAD, 24% GBP
44
2003 Acquisitions and disposals
» Capital Expenditure 2003 2002 Sustaining capital expenditure 536 704 Internal development
(eg: Ewekoro, Tetouan) 213 380 External development
(eg: Poland, China, Gyproc) 435 429
1,184 1,513
» Divestments(eg: Materis stake, Florida, Tong Yang) 603 725
€ m
45
Other operations announced
» Acquisitions and new plants Halla (10.2% stake, $ 71m): completed in January Chongqing expansion $ 40m
» Disposals Molins: € 270m, to be completed by summer 2004
46
Financial structure:Overall significant improvement
€ m 2003 2002 2001 2000
Gearing 67% 110% 110% 84%
Cash Flow/Net debt 25.5% 19% 14% 24%
47
2003 RESULTS Bernard KasrielChief Executive Officer
48
Highlights of 2003 and beyond
» 2003: a solid operational performance
» Getting the expected return on BCI
» Disciplined use of the rights issue and active management of the portfolio
» 2004, a year of gradual improvement:
Robust growth of our operating income expected
» Looking ahead: a value creating growth
49
2003: A challenging environment
» Extreme weather conditions in Q1 and Q2 in North America unusually high maintenance costs in H1
additional maintenance costs and heavy destocking in cementand aggregates in H2 to meet catch up demand
» Erratic energy costs (fuel, coal, petcoke, gas) and some shortage (petcoke)
» General increase of electricity costs
» Price wars in cement in Germany and the Philippines
50
Cement: Operational performance
» Operating margin largely stable despite incremental pension costs and exceptional price wars
in Germany and Philippines
» Good growth in volumes + 4.6%
» Overall favorable trends in prices main exception in Germany, with stabilisation in H2
Philippines recovering gradually
» BCI synergies achieved
51
Cement: Improved industrial performance
» Increase in reliability 2002: 91.4% 2003: 92.9% (100 basic points: 1 Mt) mid-term objective: 96%
» Fuel (14% of the production cost) net savingsof € 6m in 2003 due to: decrease in calorific consumption (- 2%) optimization of fuel mix (despite low availability of petcoke) despite an increase of € 24m in prices
» Electricity (14% of the production cost) net adverse impact of cost rise - € 18m, despite a slight reduction
in consumption per ton
» Fixed costs largely stable maintenance costs reduction of 2% (+ € 10m)
52
Aggregates and Concrete:Operational performance
» Weaker performance exaggerated by incremental pension costs
and negative currency impact
» Overall decrease in operating margin from 7% to 6.3% of which half from impact of incremental pension costs
» Contrasted performance between product lines disappointing in French aggregates
good in ready mix concrete (+ 0.3% in the operating margin)
» Performance programs help partially to offset difficult environment:
asset optimization, pricing management, cost reduction
53
Roofing: Operational performance
» Operating margin improved by + 0.8% points
Germany: increase of 2% points
» Significant reduction in fixed costs of production and SG&A
despite inflation, decrease by 8%
(€ 50m of net savings between 1999 and 2003)
decrease by 1.2% of the ratio SG&A / sales between 2002 and 2003
» Roofing systems components represent now 17%
of sales (vs 14% in 2000)
» Substantial working capital improvement
54
Gypsum: Operational performance
» Significant recovery in North America driven by strong industrial performance of Silver Grove & Palatka and good volumeswith improved pricing in Q4
» Significant improvement in all other regions
» Gyproc integration is well advanced and the realizationof synergies is on track (Germany, Poland)
» Substantial negative effect of input costs increase(energy - € 10m, steel) partly offset by performance initiatives
» SG&A reduction: SG&A / sales ratio decreases by 1.1 point in 2003
» Active working capital management
55
Getting the expected return on Blue Circle
56
Getting the expected return on Blue Circle
» In 2003 we progressed towards our target at a slower pace than initially expected due to specific adverse
economic situations
» Since July 2001, we have made significant performance improvements and delivered the expected synergies
» With a capital employed of € 8bn and a cost of capital around 7%, we expect to reach the break even in termsof value creation in 2006
57
756
480
48
48+ 50
+ 80
+ 140
2003 Market recovery Internal growth Cost reduction Target
A likely scenario of former BCI results(1) evolution
NA, Malaysia, Philippines
Emerging markets
Performanceimprovement
€ m
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities at 2001 constant foreign exchange;(2) Depreciation impact of asset revaluation
(2)
(2)
58
An active management of our asset portfolio
» 2003: € 603m divestmentsAt the top end of our objective (€ 400m - € 600m) Cement Florida Materis Tong Yang
» 2004: Stake in Molins
59
A disciplined use of investment funds
» Investments and acquisitions
» Cement capacity expansion Mexico China: Chongqing (new line in 2004)
» Increased shareholdings Poland: Lafarge Polska to 100% South Korea: Lafarge Halla Cement to 50.1% (2004)
60
2004 Outlook
61
US: Construction output 1988-2004
Source: US Department of Commerce, PCA forecasts
690690695705710
695
665
630
615
570575
545535
505
560580585
500
550
600
650
700
750
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Billions of 1996 $
(e) (f)
62
US: Split of construction demandby end-uses
50%48%46%45%46%
18%20%24%25%25%
7%7%7%7%7%
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Private Non-Residential
Residential
Highways & Streets
Total construction
24%
22%21%22%23% 21%
23%24%25%26%
33%34%35%32%
30%
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Private Non-Residential
Residential
Highways & Streets
Cement
(e)
(e)
Source: PCA, Lafarge estimates
63
US: Split of construction demandby end-uses
23%
21%20%19%19%22%
23%25%23%23%
31%31%33%34%34%
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Private Non-Residential
Residential
Highways & Streets
Aggregates
70%
67%65%65%65%
25%
28%30%30%30%
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Private Non-Residential
Residential
Plasterboard
(e)
(e)
Source: Lafarge estimates
64
Improvement in industrial sectorbut flat infrastructure spending
Source: US Department of Commerce
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
janv-
00
mar
s-00
mai-
00
juil-0
0
sept
-00
nov-
00
janv-
01
mar
s-01
mai-
01
juil-0
1
sept
-01
nov-
01
janv-
02
mar
s-02
mai-
02
juil-0
2
sept
-02
nov-
02
janv-
03
mar
s-03
mai-
03
juil-0
3
sept
-03
nov-
03
Private Non-Residential
Private Residential
Highways & Streets
Index Base 100 = January 2000
PCA 2004forecasts
- 1.7%
Stable
+ 4.7%
65
Construction demand in Europe
Index 100 = 1999 122
84
108 107107 106106
105
113
101
118
87
93
97
84
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 (e) 2004 (f)
Source: EuroConstruct
UK
France
Germany
66
Continuous growth for most emerging markets
169
159
101
88
122
106
161
148
136134 149
139
130
121
112107
7272
8186
9497
86 877980
8386
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 (e) 2004 (f)
India
China
South Korea
Philippines
Index 100 = 1997
Cement demand
Source: Lafarge estimation
67
2004 outlook
» Markets: Current worldwide trading trends set to continue
Overall good pricing to be maintained
Germany and Philippines expected to deliver significant improvements
» Energy and Freight: Increases in costs a challenge
» Further performance improvement
Robust growth in our operating income on ordinary activities excluding currency fluctuations
68
2004 outlook
» Further strengthening of our financial structure
» Whilst using our increased flexibility for selected growth investments
69
Looking AheadGrowth and Valuation Creation
70
Lafarge strategyThe worldwide leader in building materials
» Leading market positions in each activity Cement N°1
Aggregates & Concrete N°2
Roofing N°1
Gypsum N°3
» Well balanced geographical portfolio of assets
71
We confirm our growth business model
» Cement emerging markets» Roofing» Gypsum
» Small to medium-sized acquisitions
» In emerging countries » Mostly tuck-in/bolt-on
investments in mature countries
Organic growth
Fueled mainly by:
External development
Focused on:
+
A balanced growth of 10% p.a.
5% 5%
72
Organic growth in 2003
- 2%
1.1%
10.4%
3.8%
5.2%4.6%
6.4%
Cement maturemarkets
Cementemergingmarkets
Aggregates &Concrete
RoofingGermany
RoofingexcludingGermany
Gypsum Total Group
73
Strong & well diversified presence in emerging markets
41%
45% 46%
29%
39%
42%
1998 2002 2003
% Operating Income% Turnover
Cement
74
The Lafarge value creation model:
» Sustained organic growth » Small to medium size acquisitions allowing
for strong synergies
» Building on continued performance improvement
75
Mid-term margin growth
Cement» Benefits from significant improvements
in former BCI businesses and in emerging countries reproducing the performance improvement track-record of the 1997-2000 years
Aggregates and Concrete» Asset, price and cost management
Roofing» On track to achieve the 1998-2000 operating
margins: a recovery of the German marketwould speed up this improvement
Gypsum» 2004-2005 should see Lafarge harvesting
investments of the last five years with US turnaround confirmed
Operating margin target
25%
9%
13%
11%
76
Lafarge: A group that delivers solid performance
in challenging times and offerssignificant potential for the future
77
Appendices
€ m 2001 2002 2003
Former Blue Circle operational units(1) (2) 413 412 383
• plus central cost allocations 104 76 73
• less BCI related central costs (94) (55) (51)
• plus synergies reported in other units 7 14
At current foreign exchange rate 423 440 419
Currency exchange impact(3) 15 61
Contribution at 2001 foreign exchange rate 423 455 480
Blue Circle operational contributionto overall operating income(1)
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities; after depreciation impact of asset revaluation: -€ 48m(2) For Philippines difference between merged operations and pro-forma Lafarge alone(3) Limited to USD and GBP evolution vs Euro
47 46- 1
+ 12
- 8- 4
2002 Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs 2003
Market recoveryafter resolution
of the illegal foreign labour issue
Malaysia Cement:Operating income(1) variance analysis
Competitive pressure at the
beginningof the year
€ m
Operational synergies of € 4m
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities; including Singapore
46
- 3- 1
+ 9
- 7
2002 Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs 2003
Lower imports Improved and better
plant reliability
Philippines Cement:Operating income(1) variance analysis
Progressive recovery in H2
€ m
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities; former Lafarge and former BCI
Higher fuel costsavings in fixed
costs
Operational synergies of € 2m
21
14 - 15
- 3
+ 2
+ 23
2002 Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs 2003
Overall better market
Nigeria Cement:Operating income(1) variance analysis
€ mHigher energy cost and higher cost of imported goods, fuel crisis, new
plant depreciation, inventory movement
Several price increases in 2003 in local currency
(1) Operating income on ordinary activitiesNB: In the BCI consolidated variance analysis, price and cost inflation effects are netted off
35
31
+ 4+ 3
- 6- 5
2002 Currencyimpact
Volumes Prices Costs 2003
Chile Cement:Operating income(1) variance analysis
€ m
Negative inventory effect vs 2002
and depreciation
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
Good market trends
- 7
+ 8
18
15
- 4
2002 Currency /Scope impact
Volumes Prices Costs 2003
BCNA A&C:Operating income(1) variance analysis
€ m
Fuel, inventory & one off cost offset synergies
Operational synergies of € 6m
Strong volume recovery in Aggregates
NS
(1) Operating income on ordinary activities
84
Pension funding status at year end
€ m Dec 31, 2003 Dec 31, 2002
Funded pension plans (UK and NA)
Fair value of plan assets 2,835 2,919
Projected benefit obligation - 3,396 - 3,354
Net position - 561 - 435
Other pension plans* - 524 - 466
Other unfunded post retirement benefits - 310 - 295
Total - 1,395 - 1,196
* almost entirely unfunded