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2014 System Operator Conference

NERC Standards Review for:

Simulator Drill Orientation

2014 System Operator ConferencesCharlotte NC & Franklin TN

SERC/SOS Facilitator Team

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Applicable to:

Events Modeled on the Finist Energy System using the Operator Training Simulator

“OTS FINIST”

Review of NERC Reliability Standards

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Issues You Will See During the Drill:

• MW limit violations; congestion on flowgates

• Out-of-range voltage (high or low)

• Activation of protection systems

• DCS events

• Large deviation from schedule in

• Interconnection frequency

• ACE in the BAs

• Actual Net Interchange

• Need for manual load shed

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At the conclusion of this training, the participant should be able to:

Identify and discuss NERC standards that relate to:

Establishing operating entity reliability responsibilities and authorities

Operating within established SOLs and IROLs; returning from “unknown” emergency state within 30 minutes

Having sufficient reactive resources to maintain voltage schedules; keeping generator units in AVR mode

Learning Objectives

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Identify and discuss NERC standards that relate to:

Knowledge, understanding and coordination of protection systems, including: UVLS, UFLS, SPS

Ability of BAs to balance resources & demand following loss of generation.

Importance of proper communication protocols during system events.

Exercising TOP operator authority to shed firm load when required.

Learning Objectives, cont’d

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NERC Standards review:• TOP-001: Reliability Responsibilities and Authorities

• TOP-004: Transmission Operations

• VAR-001: Voltage and Reactive Control

• VAR-002: Gen. Ops. for Maintaining Network Voltage Schedules

• PRC-001: System Protection Coordination

• PRC-006: UFLS & SERC Regional UFLS Standard

• PRC-010: UVLS

• BAL-002: Disturbance Control Performance

• COM-002: Communications & Coordination

• EOP-003: Load Shedding Plans

Outline of Topics

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TOP-001-1aReliability Responsibilities and

Authorities

Enforcement Date 11/21/2011

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List appropriate actions

TOP-001-1a

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TOP-001-1a

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TOP-004-2Transmission Operations

Enforcement Date 1/22/2009

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TOP-004-2

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TOP-004-2

R1: Operate within SOL/IROL

R4: Return from unknown operating state within 30 min.

R5: “Cut Loose” if cannot remain interconnected

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VAR-001-4Voltage and Reactive Control

Enforcement Date 10/1/2014

VAR-001-3 will be retired 9/30/2014

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VAR-001-4

10/1/2014

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R2: Schedule sufficient reactive resources to regulate voltage levels

VAR-001-4

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R5 sub-requirements: TOP shall provide the GOP with reactive power schedule, AVR control mode, deviation notification, criteria used in schedules.

VAR-001-4

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VAR-002-3Generator Operation for Maintaining

Network Voltage Schedules

Enforcement Date 10/1/2014

VAR-002-2b will be retired: 9/30/2014

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10/1/2014

VAR-002-3

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VAR-002-3

R1: GOP must have AVRs in automatic mode**exceptions start-up/shut-down mode. or directed by TOP

R2: GOP must maintain voltage. By alternate method if AVR out, modify voltage as instructed, and have a methodology to monitor voltage

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VAR-002-3

R5 and R6: GO must provide GSU tap settings and assure tap positions are changed per TOP specs

R3 and R4: GOP must notify the TOP of status or other changes in reactive capability within 30 min

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PRC-001-1.1System Protection Coordination

Enforcement Date 4/1/2013

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PRC-001-1.1

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R4 and R5: coordinate protection systems and any system changes affecting others

R6: Operator Awareness of status of each Special Protection System (SPS )*

Example: In Finist, if any 2 of 3 key lines are out of service and the remaining line trips, SPS kicks in to create an island of balanced load & generation.

*SPS Detects a certain set of conditions and takes action above & beyond the isolation of faulted equipment. also :Remedial Action Scheme (RAS)

PRC-001-1.1

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PRC-006-1

PRC-006-SERC-01Automatic Underfrequency Load

Shedding (UFLS)

Enforcement Date 4/1/2014

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Arrest &

Assist

PRC-006-1

UFLS entities that own, operate or control UFLS equipment

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PRC-006-SERC-01

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PRC-006-SERC-01

R2: UFLS scheme: shed at least 30% peak demand, min 3 freq. setpoints, highest 59.3-59.5, lowest 58.4

R4: 10-1-2015 (future enforcement)

R4: If UFLS entity’s total load >100 MW, must implement UFLS developed by PC and must meet requirements, such as; % load shed total and steps, freq. setpoints, etc)

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PRC-010-0Technical Assessment of the Design and Effectiveness of Undervoltage

Load Shedding (UVLS) Program

Enforcement Date 6/18/2007

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PRC-010-0

R1: At least every 5 years TO/TOP must evaluate its UVLS program for coordination, demonstration, and review voltage set points & timing.

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BAL-002-1Disturbance Control Performance

(DCS)

Enforcement Date 4/1/2012

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BAL-002-1

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*Reportable Disturbance Any event that causes an ACE change greater than or equal to 80% of a Balancing Authority’s or reserve sharing group’s most severe contingency.

R4: Following a Reportable Disturbance*BA must return ACE to the lesser ofzero (0) or pre-contingency value in 15 minutes.

R3: Must carry enough Contingency Reserve to cover most severe single contingency

BAL-002-1

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COM-002-2Communications & Coordination

Enforcement Date 6/18/2007

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COM-002-2

R2: Directives must be issued using 3-part communication. 1- Sender speaks directive. 2-Recipient repeat-back. 3-Sender acknowledges

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EOP-003-2Load Shedding Plans

Enforcement Date 10/1/2013

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EOP-003-2

R1: Shed Load if all fails

R8: Have plans for operator-controlled manual load shed

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Summary The simulations during this conference will reinforce the

importance of adhering to NERC Reliability Standards, including:

• TOP-001: Authority to take all appropriate actions

• TOP-004: Operate within established limits

• VAR-001: Have sufficient reactive resources to maintain voltage

• VAR-002: Maintain generator voltage schedules and keep AVRs on automatic.

• PRC-001: Be aware of purpose & limitations of automatic protection

schemes

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Summary, cont’d

• PRC-006: Auto UFLS provides last-resort preservation of system when frequency is declining

• PRC-010: Auto UVLS sheds enough load in a timely manner to prevent voltage instability/collapse

• BAL-002: Have enough Contingency Reserves to recover from a DCS within the time limit

• COM-002: Issue effective emergency directives using 3-part communication

• EOP-003: After exhausting other corrective actions, manually shed load

rather than risk an uncontrolled separation.

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Questions?