1

“A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TRADEMARK PROTECTION

BETWEEN JAPAN AND MONGOLIA UNDER THE

MADRID PROTOCOL”For future development of Trademark

Protection in Mongolia

by Badarch OYUNTSETSENLong-Term Research Fellowship

April 02 – September 29, 2007

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Streamline Mongolian

trademark law and regulation

according to Madrid system

Encourage to protect and use of Madrid

Protocol in domestic companies

Encourage to protect and use of Madrid

Protocol in domestic companies

Develop International trademark

protection system

Prepare Trademark

examination guidelines

Protect

TrademarksProtect

TrademarksResearch purposeResearch purpose

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Trademark protection rights are territorial in nature

National trademark protection is effective only in the territory which

the trademark was registered.

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Companies can no longer be purely national National trademark protection not valid

internationally it essential to protect the company’s most

important resource – its business reputation, goodwill and connection to its customers – in short, its trademarks.

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Aims:

•to facilitate the registration of trademarks at the international level

•to facilitate the management of trademarks after registration

Madrid System

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Normal RouteNormal Route

Applicant

Rep

.

Rep

.

Rep

.

Rep

.

Rep

.

Germany. US China Japan France

Representative ｓ

Ger.

Eng.

Cha.

Jap.

Fra.

MADRID SYSTEM ADVANTAGESMADRID SYSTEM ADVANTAGES MADRID SYSTEM ADVANTAGESMADRID SYSTEM ADVANTAGES

Madrid RouteMadrid Route

Applicant

IPOM

IB of WIPO

Germany US China Japan France

English/French

Application Application datedate

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international application

basic registrationbasic application

Office of Origin

International Bureau

Offices of the Designated

Contracting Parties

Basic procedure

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Madrid Agreement (1891) 1900 - 1967: revised 6 times

Madrid Protocol (1989) 1 Jan 1995: entry into force　　 1 Apr 1996

Common Regulations (1996) 　 Administration Instructions (2002) National Laws & Regulations

Legal framework

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Differences of Madrid Agreement and Protocol

AgreementAccession States

Precondition

Basic registration

Languages French

Fees Supplementary and Complementary

Refusal time limits

12 months

Dependency

5 years

ProtocolStates +International Organizations

Basic registration orBasic application

French+ English, Spanish

Possibility of individual fee

Possibility of 18 months or longer

5 years+ possibility of transformation

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Madrid Protocol Implementation Japan and

Mongolia

Japan Accession to the Madrid Protocol

March 14, 2000

Mongolia Accession to the Madrid

Agreement

April 21, 1985 Accession to the Madrid Protocol

June 16, 2001

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Madrid Protocol Implementation Japan

Revision of the Trademark Law and Regulations Special provisions due to

characteristic of Madrid Protocol

Revision of JPO Trademark Examination Manual and guidelines

Detailed explanation of Trademark law provisions due to characteristic of Madrid Protocol

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Madrid Protocol Implementation Japan

Declarations:

• Receipt of special fee,

• Issuance of a refusal to WIPO within the past 18 months

Reduce examination period

Prescribe an individual fee

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(cont’d..)

Increase trademark examiners dedicated to implementing the Protocol

Organize International Trademark Application Division and the Examination Division specifically to handle Protocol applications

Publication of International Trademark Application, and the Publication of Registered International Trademark

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20012001 20022002 20032003 2005200520042004

100100

400400

500500

600600

700700

200200

300300

800800

20002000 20062006

Trademark applications originating fromJapan

Trademark applications originating fromJapan

187187

280280 237237

402402

734734

839839 875875

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Trademark applications designating Japan

2575

290

124

5708

4283

2362

5269

6226

4196

5334 59

33

3708

7160

5754

3254

9969

7116

3991

1179

481

98

5240

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Application

First action

Decision ofregistration

Registration

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Madrid Protocol Implementation Mongolia

Revision of the Trademark Law and Regulations

Development of the Electronic Support System

Increase trademark examiners

Seminar

• General provisions in Chapter 5 of Trademark and Geographical Indication• Extension of examination period

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Madrid Protocol Implementation Mongolia

Adjustment of working procedure, working languages, official forms

Few difficulties to cope with any problems that may arise after accession to Madrid Protocol

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Trademark registration designating to Mongolia

50005000

1000010000

1500015000

2000020000

2500025000

‘85‘85 ‘90‘90 ’95’95 ’00’00 ’05’05

Trademark registrationdesignating to MongoliaTrademark registrationdesignating to Mongolia

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’95’95’90’90’85’85 ’00’00 ’05’05

Madrid Agreement 1985

MadridProtocol 2001

No trademark registration

Trademark registration originating Mongolia

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COMPARISON OF TRADEMARK REGISTRATION PROCEDURE

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７)

3)

７)

4)

2)

1)

Substantive examination

Publication of Unexamined application

Notification of reasons of refusal

Decision of refusal

1)

2)

5)

3)

4)

Trademark database and protected in

Mongolia

Publication registered

trademark gazette

5)

６)

6)

9)

Written argument / Amendment

Decision of Registration

Formality Examination

Trademark application

Comparative TrademarkRegistration Procedure under the Madrid Protocolbetween J apan and Mongolia

J APAN

MONGOLIA

11)

Formality check processSubstantive examination process

Opposition process

Trial for invalidation process

Trial against Decision of RefusalProcess 9)

Registration fee 8)

７)

3)

７)

4)

2)

1)

Substantive examination

Publication of Unexamined application

Notification of reasons of refusal

Decision of refusal

1)

2)

5)

3)

4)

Trademark database and protected in

Mongolia

Publication registered

trademark gazette

5)

６)

6)

9)

Written argument / Amendment

Decision of Registration

Formality Examination

Trademark application

Comparative TrademarkRegistration Procedure under the Madrid Protocolbetween J apan and Mongolia

J APAN

MONGOLIA

11)

Formality check processSubstantive examination process

Opposition process

Trial for invalidation process

Trial against Decision of RefusalProcess 9)

Registration fee 8)

Appeal against Decision of Refusal

Appeal Examination

Court

Appeal decision to register trademark

Appeal decision of Refusal

Intellectual Property High Court

Supreme Court

８) 10)

IP Dispute resolution Commission

Appeal against Decision of Refusal

Appeal Examination

Court

Appeal decision to register trademark

Appeal decision of Refusal

Intellectual Property High Court

Supreme Court

８) 10)

IP Dispute resolution Commission

Opposition to the grant of a trademark

Registration

Trial examination

Written argument

Decision to maintain

registration

Decision of revocation

Trial for Invalidation and Cancellation

Trial examination

Trial decision of invalidation and cancellation

Trial decision to maintain

registration

10 13)Trial for Invalidation and Cancellation

Trial examination

Trial decision of invalidation and cancellation

Trial decision to maintain

registration

10 13)

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RECOMENDATIONS Legislative

• Special provisions related to MP characteristic

• First to file• Post registration provisions

Procedural• International Trademark publication• Automation of trademark examination

system• Trademark examination standard• Statement of grant protection

Others ….

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