1 An Overview of Bangladesh PRSPs An Overview of Bangladesh PRSPs Presentationby Muhammad G. Sarwar,...

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An Overview of Bangladesh An Overview of Bangladesh

PRSPsPRSPs

Presentation Presentation byby

Muhammad G. Sarwar, PhDMuhammad G. Sarwar, PhD

at at

Civil Service College, DhakaCivil Service College, Dhaka13 June 201113 June 2011

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Structure of PresentationStructure of Presentation

– An Overview of PRSP ProcessAn Overview of PRSP Process– Foundation of Bangladesh Development Foundation of Bangladesh Development

Planning/StrategyPlanning/Strategy– Historical context of development Historical context of development

planning for poverty reduction since planning for poverty reduction since 19731973

– Steps Towards Change: NSAPR II (FY Steps Towards Change: NSAPR II (FY 2009 – 11)2009 – 11)

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What is PRSP ?What is PRSP ?Introduced in 1999 by the WB and Introduced in 1999 by the WB and IMF as a new development framework IMF as a new development framework to to

– enhance Government accountability for enhance Government accountability for poverty reduction reform efforts;poverty reduction reform efforts;– enhance the coordination of development enhance the coordination of development assistance between Government and assistance between Government and Development Partners; andDevelopment Partners; and– a precondition to debt relief and access to a precondition to debt relief and access to concessional financing from WB and IMFconcessional financing from WB and IMF

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What is PRSP ? What is PRSP ? (contd.)(contd.)

A PRSP sets out a country’s A PRSP sets out a country’s macroeconomic, structural, and macroeconomic, structural, and social policies & programs to social policies & programs to promote growth and reduce poverty, promote growth and reduce poverty, as well as associated external as well as associated external financial needs. financial needs.

Prepare PRSP every 3 or 5 years in a Prepare PRSP every 3 or 5 years in a participatory process involving a participatory process involving a broad range of stakeholders broad range of stakeholders

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Contents of PRSP Contents of PRSP A description of the participatory A description of the participatory

process that was used in PRSP process that was used in PRSP preparation;preparation;

Comprehensive poverty diagnostics- Comprehensive poverty diagnostics- a good understanding of the poor a good understanding of the poor and where they live; and where they live;

Costing priorities for macroeconomic, Costing priorities for macroeconomic, structural, and social policies;structural, and social policies;

Appropriate targets, indicators, and Appropriate targets, indicators, and system for monitoring and evaluation system for monitoring and evaluation processprocess

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PRSP: PRSP: A Comprehensive A Comprehensive Development FrameworkDevelopment Framework

PRSP framework spells out 4 principles:PRSP framework spells out 4 principles:1.1. Development strategies should be Development strategies should be

comprehensive and shaped by a long-term vision;comprehensive and shaped by a long-term vision;

2.2. Country should devise and direct its own Country should devise and direct its own development agenda based on citizen development agenda based on citizen participation;participation;

3.3. Government, donors, civil society, private sector Government, donors, civil society, private sector and other stakeholders should work together led and other stakeholders should work together led by recipient country to carry out development by recipient country to carry out development strategies; andstrategies; and

4.4. Development performance should be evaluated Development performance should be evaluated on the basis of measurable resultson the basis of measurable results

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Costing PRS InterventionsCosting PRS Interventions It uses simple cost models that provides It uses simple cost models that provides

estimates of magnitude, and concentrate estimates of magnitude, and concentrate on the main and cost intensive parts of on the main and cost intensive parts of programs / interventions;programs / interventions;

It is mainly a bottom-up approach to It is mainly a bottom-up approach to costing, along with top-down models; and costing, along with top-down models; and

It is not concerned with estimating non-It is not concerned with estimating non-financial costs such as environmental financial costs such as environmental costs of program or more generally the costs of program or more generally the cost of externalities. cost of externalities.

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Costing PRS Interventions Costing PRS Interventions (contd.)(contd.)

Costing is an essential policy tool for Costing is an essential policy tool for quantifying the needs in terms of human quantifying the needs in terms of human resources, infrastructure, and financial resources, infrastructure, and financial resources required to meet annual and resources required to meet annual and mid-term targets;mid-term targets;

Its entry points are long-term development Its entry points are long-term development targets that are broken down into annual targets that are broken down into annual milestones;milestones;

Realism is built into the costing process Realism is built into the costing process that leads to prioritization of targets.that leads to prioritization of targets.

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PEM for PRS ImplementationPEM for PRS Implementation Poverty reduction is not merely a question of Poverty reduction is not merely a question of

spending more, but also of using existing resources spending more, but also of using existing resources more efficiently;more efficiently;

Effective PEM system which ensure accountability Effective PEM system which ensure accountability and efficiency in management of public resources;and efficiency in management of public resources;

PEM pursues three main objectives:PEM pursues three main objectives:– To shift resources from less effective use to more To shift resources from less effective use to more

effective ones (effectively allocate resources to effective ones (effectively allocate resources to priority needs); and priority needs); and

– To ensure that public spending is in line with To ensure that public spending is in line with available resources (overall fiscal discipline);available resources (overall fiscal discipline);

– To make sure that resources (public services) are To make sure that resources (public services) are used in such a way that they provide maximum used in such a way that they provide maximum value for money.value for money.

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PEM for PRS Implementation PEM for PRS Implementation (Contd.)(Contd.)

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PEM for PRS Implementation PEM for PRS Implementation (Contd.)(Contd.)

The key instrument of PRS implementation The key instrument of PRS implementation is the Budget;is the Budget;

Budget process has to be aligned to Budget process has to be aligned to facilitate PRS implementation;facilitate PRS implementation;

PEM includes all phases of the budget PEM includes all phases of the budget cycle: budget preparation, internal control cycle: budget preparation, internal control & audit, procurement, monitoring & & audit, procurement, monitoring & reporting, and external audit;reporting, and external audit;

PRS implementation may require PEM PRS implementation may require PEM reforms to address different phases of reforms to address different phases of budget cycle. budget cycle.

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PRS Implementation: PRS Implementation: linking policies, linking policies,

planning & budgetingplanning & budgeting Good linkages are necessary for effective Good linkages are necessary for effective

PRS Implementation and are facilitated PRS Implementation and are facilitated through: through: – Macroeconomic stabilityMacroeconomic stability: rigorous budgetary : rigorous budgetary

frameworkframework– RealismRealism: setting policy choices compatible with : setting policy choices compatible with

available resourcesavailable resources– Transparency and accountabilityTransparency and accountability: participatory : participatory

budget preparation and executionbudget preparation and execution– CredibilityCredibility: reliable budget execution: reliable budget execution– Consistency and temporal coherenceConsistency and temporal coherence: :

budgeting on a medium tem perspectivebudgeting on a medium tem perspective

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PRS and MTEFPRS and MTEF

A good linkage between PRS, MTEF A good linkage between PRS, MTEF and Budget process is essential for and Budget process is essential for ensuring budget planning that is ensuring budget planning that is compatible with macroeconomic compatible with macroeconomic stability, resources allocation in line stability, resources allocation in line with PRS, its activities are with PRS, its activities are implemented efficiently, and results implemented efficiently, and results are followed-up. are followed-up.

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PRS and MTEF PRS and MTEF (contd.)(contd.)

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Bangladesh PRSPs: historical Bangladesh PRSPs: historical context context

New Millennium: neo-liberalism strengthened New Millennium: neo-liberalism strengthened further;further;

Millennium Declaration / MDGs in 2000 by the UN;Millennium Declaration / MDGs in 2000 by the UN; WB and IMF introduced PRSP in 2002;WB and IMF introduced PRSP in 2002; I-PRSP: A National Strategy for Economic Growth, I-PRSP: A National Strategy for Economic Growth,

Poverty Reduction and Social Development Poverty Reduction and Social Development launched in 2003;launched in 2003;

Bangladesh prepared its first PRSP ‘Unlocking the Bangladesh prepared its first PRSP ‘Unlocking the Potential: NSAPR, 2005 -2007’;Potential: NSAPR, 2005 -2007’;

First PRSP was extended up to June 2008;First PRSP was extended up to June 2008; 22ndnd PRSP ‘Moving Ahead: NSAPR II, 2009 -2011’ PRSP ‘Moving Ahead: NSAPR II, 2009 -2011’ was launched in Oct. 2008was launched in Oct. 2008

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MDGs: Global Poverty Reduction MDGs: Global Poverty Reduction Goals Goals

MDG 1: Halve the proportion of poor and hungry MDG 1: Halve the proportion of poor and hungry people;people;

MDG 2: Ensure that boys and girls can complete MDG 2: Ensure that boys and girls can complete primary schooling;primary schooling;

MDG 3: Eliminate gender disparity;MDG 3: Eliminate gender disparity; MDG 4: Reduce under-five mortality rates;MDG 4: Reduce under-five mortality rates; MDG 5: Reduce the maternal mortality ratio;MDG 5: Reduce the maternal mortality ratio; MDG 6: Reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS and the MDG 6: Reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS and the

incidence of malaria and TB;incidence of malaria and TB; MDG 7: Improve the access of safe water, basic MDG 7: Improve the access of safe water, basic

sanitation and the lives of slum dwellers;sanitation and the lives of slum dwellers; MDG 8: Develop a global partnership to create a non-MDG 8: Develop a global partnership to create a non-

discriminatory global trading and financial system.discriminatory global trading and financial system.

Second PRSP:Second PRSP: Background Background• Second PRSP ‘Moving Ahead: National Strategies for Second PRSP ‘Moving Ahead: National Strategies for Accelerated Poverty Reduction (NSAPR II) FY 2009-11’ Accelerated Poverty Reduction (NSAPR II) FY 2009-11’ was approved by the then Caretaker Government in was approved by the then Caretaker Government in October 2008October 2008

• Present Government came to power on 6Present Government came to power on 6thth January 2009 January 2009 and decided to align the NSAPR II in line with its election and decided to align the NSAPR II in line with its election manifesto manifesto

•The RThe Revisedevised NSAPR II ( NSAPR II (Steps towards Change:Steps towards Change: NSAPR II FY: NSAPR II FY:

2009-11) 2009-11) reflects AL led Government’s development vision in reflects AL led Government’s development vision in terms of poverty reduction, economic growth and other terms of poverty reduction, economic growth and other socio-economic goalssocio-economic goals

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Thrusts of the revised NSAPR IIThrusts of the revised NSAPR II The thrusts of the revised NSAPR II are:The thrusts of the revised NSAPR II are:

– A trajectory of high performing growth; A trajectory of high performing growth; – Stabilizing commodity prices;Stabilizing commodity prices;– Minimizing poverty and income inequality; Minimizing poverty and income inequality; – Securing health and education for all; Securing health and education for all; – Enhancing creativity and human capacity; Enhancing creativity and human capacity; – Reducing social disparity and establishing social justice; Reducing social disparity and establishing social justice; – Tackling adverse effects of climate change; Tackling adverse effects of climate change; – Firmly rooting democracy in governance;Firmly rooting democracy in governance;– Developing ICT for giving Bangladesh a new identity as Developing ICT for giving Bangladesh a new identity as

‘Digital Bangladesh’. ‘Digital Bangladesh’.

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NSAPR II: Revision ProcessNSAPR II: Revision Process Consultation meetings on the draft revised NSAPR II Consultation meetings on the draft revised NSAPR II

were held with ‘Independent PRS and MDGs Monitoring were held with ‘Independent PRS and MDGs Monitoring Committee’, Ministries/Divisions and Sector Divisions of Committee’, Ministries/Divisions and Sector Divisions of the Planning Commissionthe Planning Commission

Draft NSAPR II was placed in the Cabinet on 9 Sept Draft NSAPR II was placed in the Cabinet on 9 Sept 20092009

Draft NSAPR II was placed in the National parliament on Draft NSAPR II was placed in the National parliament on 15 Sept 2009 to be debated by the people’s 15 Sept 2009 to be debated by the people’s representativesrepresentatives

This is the first time in Bangladesh that a national This is the first time in Bangladesh that a national document of this kind is placed before the Parliament document of this kind is placed before the Parliament

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Revised NSAPR II: Development VisionRevised NSAPR II: Development Vision Formulation of a participatory Perspective Plan (2010-2021) Formulation of a participatory Perspective Plan (2010-2021)

as a long term vision;as a long term vision;

Terminal year of the Perspective Plan will coincide with the Terminal year of the Perspective Plan will coincide with the Golden Jubilee of Independence celebration of Bangladesh; Golden Jubilee of Independence celebration of Bangladesh;

Prime objective of the vision is to raise Bangladesh to a Prime objective of the vision is to raise Bangladesh to a middle income country and to reduce poverty and inequality; middle income country and to reduce poverty and inequality;

For realizing the Vision, the government would start For realizing the Vision, the government would start implementation of the Sixth Five Year Plan (2011-2015) from implementation of the Sixth Five Year Plan (2011-2015) from July 2010;July 2010;

Present NSAPR II shall remain in force until FY2011; Present NSAPR II shall remain in force until FY2011;

Time frame for MTBF (medium term budget framework) shall Time frame for MTBF (medium term budget framework) shall be extended from three to five years to match with the Five be extended from three to five years to match with the Five Year Plan process; Year Plan process;

MTBF shall facilitate continuation of spill over projects or MTBF shall facilitate continuation of spill over projects or programmes as well as inclusion of new ones. programmes as well as inclusion of new ones.

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Revised NSAPR II: Five Priority AreasRevised NSAPR II: Five Priority Areas Five priority areasFive priority areas in the revised NSAPR II are: in the revised NSAPR II are:

1.1. maintenance of macroeconomic maintenance of macroeconomic stability and stabilising commodity stability and stabilising commodity prices; prices;

2. continue effective actions against 2. continue effective actions against corruption; corruption;

3. ensure adequacy of power and 3. ensure adequacy of power and energy;energy;

4. reducing poverty and inequality; and 4. reducing poverty and inequality; and 5. establishment of good governance.5. establishment of good governance.

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Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) FrameworkPoverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) Framework

Poverty reduction strategy framework of Poverty reduction strategy framework of NSAPR II consists of five strategic blocks NSAPR II consists of five strategic blocks and five supporting strategies. and five supporting strategies.

The strategic blocks are:The strategic blocks are: 1.1. managing macroeconomic environment for managing macroeconomic environment for pro-poor growth; pro-poor growth; 2. increasing investments in critical areas for 2. increasing investments in critical areas for pro-poor growth; pro-poor growth;3. essential infrastructures for pro-poor 3. essential infrastructures for pro-poor

growth; growth; 4. social protection for the vulnerable and 4. social protection for the vulnerable and

disadvantaged ; and disadvantaged ; and 5. human development. 5. human development.

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PRS Framework (Contd.)PRS Framework (Contd.)

The supporting strategies are: The supporting strategies are:

(i)(i) ensuring participation, social inclusion, and ensuring participation, social inclusion, and empowerment; empowerment;

(ii)(ii) entrenching solid democratic processes for entrenching solid democratic processes for good governance;good governance;

(iii)(iii) ensuring efficient delivery of public services; ensuring efficient delivery of public services;

(iv)(iv) caring for environment & tackling climate caring for environment & tackling climate change; and change; and

(v)(v) enhancing productivity and efficiency enhancing productivity and efficiency through science and technology. through science and technology.

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Medium-Term Macroeconomic Framework (MTMF) for Medium-Term Macroeconomic Framework (MTMF) for NSAPR IINSAPR II

2007-082007-08

Actual Actual 2008-09 2008-09

ProvisionaProvisional/Actuall/Actual

2009-102009-10

Revised Revised EstimateEstimate

2010-11 2010-11 Projected Projected

2011-12 2011-12 Projected Projected

Real GDP Growth (%)Real GDP Growth (%) 6.26.2 5.95.9 5.55.5 6.76.7 7.27.2

CPI InflationCPI Inflation 9.99.9 6.76.7 6.56.5 6.16.1 6.06.0

Gross Domestic Gross Domestic Investment (%)Investment (%)

24.224.2 24.224.2 24.624.6 26.126.1 27.427.4

Total Revenue (% of Total Revenue (% of GDP)GDP)

10.810.8 10.410.4 11.411.4 11.911.9 12.212.2

Total Expenditure (% Total Expenditure (% of GDP)of GDP)

15.915.9 13.813.8 16.516.5 16.916.9 17.017.0

Fiscal Balance (% of Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)GDP)

-5.1-5.1 -3.4-3.4 -5.1-5.1 -5.0-5.0 -4.8-4.8

Domestic FinancingDomestic Financing 3.53.5 2.82.8 2.72.7 2.72.7 2.62.6

Net Foreign Financing Net Foreign Financing 1.61.6 0.60.6 2.42.4 2.32.3 2.22.2

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Medium-Term Macroeconomic Framework (MTMF)Medium-Term Macroeconomic Framework (MTMF)(Contd.)(Contd.)

2007-082007-08

Actual Actual 2008-092008-09ProjectedProjected

2009-102009-10ProjectedProjected

2010-112010-11ProjectedProjected

2011-12 2011-12 ProjectedProjected

Exports (% of Exports (% of ChangeChange

17.417.4 10.110.1 13.013.0 14.514.5 16.016.0

Imports (% of Imports (% of Change)Change)

25.625.6 4.24.2 13.513.5 16.016.0 17.517.5

Current Account Current Account Balance (% of Balance (% of GDP)GDP)

0.90.9 2.82.8 2.32.3 1.61.6 1.11.1

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Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlightsRevised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights Power & Energy:Power & Energy:

Electricity generation will be raised to 7,000 Electricity generation will be raised to 7,000 MW by 2013, 8,000 MV by 2015; MW by 2013, 8,000 MV by 2015;

Renewable energy and coal energy Renewable energy and coal energy emphasized;emphasized;

Public- Private Partnership introduced Public- Private Partnership introduced towards a new business climate;towards a new business climate;

Exploring new fields of oil & gas;Exploring new fields of oil & gas; Tapping nuclear source for generation of Tapping nuclear source for generation of

electricity (with generation capacity electricity (with generation capacity between 700 mw and 1,000 mw)between 700 mw and 1,000 mw)

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Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights (Contd.)(Contd.) Reducing Poverty & InequalityReducing Poverty & Inequality

– Pursuing labour intensive economic growth for Pursuing labour intensive economic growth for accelerated poverty reduction;accelerated poverty reduction;

– promoting decentralized growth with broad promoting decentralized growth with broad public participation, growth of rural towns and public participation, growth of rural towns and semi-urban areas; semi-urban areas;

– reducing population growth and reaping the reducing population growth and reaping the benefit of demographic dividend; benefit of demographic dividend;

– focusing on women’s advancement and rights; focusing on women’s advancement and rights; – Investment in infrastructure, creation of Investment in infrastructure, creation of

employment opportunities in the lean period, employment opportunities in the lean period, bringing vibrancy in agriculture and rural life; bringing vibrancy in agriculture and rural life;

– Expanding and strengthening safety nets Expanding and strengthening safety nets programmes for the poor. programmes for the poor.

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Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights (Contd.)(Contd.) Good Governance will focus Good Governance will focus following following

issues: issues: (i)(i) making parliamentary process effective;making parliamentary process effective;

(ii)(ii) reforming and strengthening the public service reforming and strengthening the public service system; system;

(iii)(iii) reforming the legal and judicial system to ensure reforming the legal and judicial system to ensure judicial service for the poor; judicial service for the poor;

(iv)(iv) reforming law enforcing agencies; reforming law enforcing agencies;

(v)(v) strengthening of democratic local governments at strengthening of democratic local governments at all levels;all levels;

(vi)(vi) promoting e-governance; promoting e-governance;

(vii)(vii) combating corruption; combating corruption;

(viii)(viii) ensuring human rights; ensuring human rights;

(ix)(ix) accessing information; accessing information;

(x)(x) improving project implementation capacity. improving project implementation capacity.

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Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights (Contd.)(Contd.) Agriculture & Rural DevelopmentAgriculture & Rural Development

i.i. Crops: Crops:

– food security is the top most priority, food security is the top most priority, – diversification to high value crops, diversification to high value crops, – market based input distribution along with effective market based input distribution along with effective

monitoring, monitoring, – demand-driven agricultural extension and research, demand-driven agricultural extension and research, – revamping the agricultural marketing system, revamping the agricultural marketing system, – emphasising agro-processing activities, emphasising agro-processing activities, – promoting small and medium enterprises, promoting small and medium enterprises, – climate change adaptive technology, climate change adaptive technology, – extension of irrigation, flood protection and drainage extension of irrigation, flood protection and drainage

coverage, andcoverage, and– agricultural subsidy to raise productivity.agricultural subsidy to raise productivity.

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Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights (Contd.)(Contd.)

iiii Fisheries:Fisheries: – intensification of aquaculture by species and intensification of aquaculture by species and

ecosystems, ecosystems, – ensuring biodiversity and preserving natural ensuring biodiversity and preserving natural

breeding grounds, breeding grounds, – Fishery product diversification, Fishery product diversification, – improve value addition in fisheries, improve value addition in fisheries, – institutional reforms for development of institutional reforms for development of

fisheries, fisheries, – cooperation among the key actors such as cooperation among the key actors such as

private sector entrepreneurs, NGOs and private sector entrepreneurs, NGOs and community based fishing groups, and community based fishing groups, and

– enhancing productivity of all khas (public) enhancing productivity of all khas (public) ponds and water bodies. ponds and water bodies.

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Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights Revised NSAPR II: sectoral highlights (Contd.)(Contd.) iii. iii. LivestockLivestock– focus on dairy development and meat production, focus on dairy development and meat production, – private sector will be the main actor, private sector will be the main actor, – Department of Livestock Service and BLRI will play Department of Livestock Service and BLRI will play a a

supportive role for private sector to develop livestock sub-supportive role for private sector to develop livestock sub-sector.sector.

Iv. Iv. Forestry Forestry – focus on development and management of protected focus on development and management of protected

areas, areas, – reformed legal framework for eco-parks, botanical reformed legal framework for eco-parks, botanical

gardens and safari parks, gardens and safari parks, – ensuring forestry conservation in the country,ensuring forestry conservation in the country,– enhancing access of the poor to public commons.enhancing access of the poor to public commons.

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Rural developmentRural development – Formation of a ‘National Rural Formation of a ‘National Rural

Development Council (NRDC)’, headed Development Council (NRDC)’, headed by the Prime Minister to provide by the Prime Minister to provide guidelines for implementing the rural guidelines for implementing the rural development policy. development policy.

– Formation of a ‘National Steering Formation of a ‘National Steering Committee’ to assist the NRDC and Committee’ to assist the NRDC and follow-up policy implementations.follow-up policy implementations.

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Environment & Water resources Environment & Water resources i.i. Environment and Tackling Climate ChangeEnvironment and Tackling Climate Change

– Environmental challenges will be met by undertaking Environmental challenges will be met by undertaking measures in the areas of policies, planning, measures in the areas of policies, planning, regulations and capacity building; regulations and capacity building;

– Measures will be taken to adapt and to mitigate the Measures will be taken to adapt and to mitigate the impact of climate change. impact of climate change.

ii. ii. Water ResourcesWater Resources– maintenance and capital dredging of the main rivers maintenance and capital dredging of the main rivers

for the multipurpose use of water resources, for the multipurpose use of water resources, – Enhancing river management for navigation, Enhancing river management for navigation, – River erosion control, and River erosion control, and – development of hydropower. development of hydropower.

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Industry and CommerceIndustry and Commerce– SME will be a thrust sector for accelerating SME will be a thrust sector for accelerating

economic growth economic growth

– comprehensive and inclusive credit policy,comprehensive and inclusive credit policy,– human resources development, focusing and human resources development, focusing and

fostering the entrepreneurial spirit, fostering the entrepreneurial spirit, – raise product quality and standards, raise product quality and standards, – Promote subcontracting and production Promote subcontracting and production

networking, networking, – increasing access to markets, increasing access to markets, – regional industry spread, and regional industry spread, and – policy coordination and cooperation.policy coordination and cooperation.

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Education and Science & TechnologyEducation and Science & Technology

– to build a knowledge-based society, utmost priority will to build a knowledge-based society, utmost priority will be given to quality of education to increase the be given to quality of education to increase the employability; employability;

– to achieve 100 percent literacy by 2014;to achieve 100 percent literacy by 2014;– to ensure one primary school for every 1,500 population;to ensure one primary school for every 1,500 population;– to enrol all children of 6-10 years age by 2011;to enrol all children of 6-10 years age by 2011;

– quality of life of people will be improved through quality of life of people will be improved through enhancing quality of education and health care by enhancing quality of education and health care by innovative application of ICT.innovative application of ICT.

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Health, Nutrition and Population Planning Health, Nutrition and Population Planning – improve the quality of Public Health Services and make it improve the quality of Public Health Services and make it

accessible to the people, especially the poor and accessible to the people, especially the poor and vulnerable; vulnerable;

– Upazila Health Complexes (UHCs), Union Health & Family Upazila Health Complexes (UHCs), Union Health & Family Welfare Centres (UHFWCs) and the Community Clinics Welfare Centres (UHFWCs) and the Community Clinics (CCs) will be strengthened through providing adequate (CCs) will be strengthened through providing adequate manpower, drugs and other medical aids;manpower, drugs and other medical aids;

– Reactivating 10,723 community clinics (CCs) which were Reactivating 10,723 community clinics (CCs) which were established during 1996-2001; established during 1996-2001;

– Providing universal access to pure drinking water by Providing universal access to pure drinking water by 2011 and sanitation by 2013.2011 and sanitation by 2013.

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Participation, Social inclusion & Empowerment of Participation, Social inclusion & Empowerment of WomenWomen– Men and women will have equal opportunities and will Men and women will have equal opportunities and will

enjoy all fundamental rights on an equal basis; enjoy all fundamental rights on an equal basis;

– Women Development Policy formulated by AL Women Development Policy formulated by AL government in 1997 will be revived to ensure government in 1997 will be revived to ensure women’s empowerment and equality in rights and women’s empowerment and equality in rights and opportunities; andopportunities; and

– Differential treatment of children, extreme poor, Differential treatment of children, extreme poor, persons with disabilities and persons with disabilities and indigenous peopleindigenous people will be will be addressed in an effective manner for poverty addressed in an effective manner for poverty reduction and development.reduction and development.

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Promoting Employment:Promoting Employment:

– Job creation programmes will be undertaken Job creation programmes will be undertaken for those who are by-passed by the normal for those who are by-passed by the normal growth process through widening the existing growth process through widening the existing Social Safety Net (SSN) programmes, public Social Safety Net (SSN) programmes, public works programmes and access to micro-credit.works programmes and access to micro-credit.

– A employment generation programme will be A employment generation programme will be

introduced for the Hard Core Poor in FY10 introduced for the Hard Core Poor in FY10 which would create 4.9 million man-months of which would create 4.9 million man-months of employment. employment.

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Communication and Physical Communication and Physical infrastructure: infrastructure: Transport: Transport: – Development of road sector emphasizes: Development of road sector emphasizes:

make four lanes of existing important highways. make four lanes of existing important highways. construction of major bridges, construction of major bridges, development of road corridor and border roads to development of road corridor and border roads to

facilitate sub-regional trade, and facilitate sub-regional trade, and regional balance in road development.regional balance in road development.

– Construction of Padma Multipurpose Bridge will Construction of Padma Multipurpose Bridge will be completed by 2013; be completed by 2013;

– Planned to construct four-lane Dhaka-Planned to construct four-lane Dhaka-Chittagong Expressway; Chittagong Expressway;

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Communication and Physical infrastructure: Communication and Physical infrastructure: Transport (contd.): Transport (contd.): – Developing Bangladesh Railways: Developing Bangladesh Railways:

establishing rail link with neighbouring countries establishing rail link with neighbouring countries under the Asian Rail and Highways Schemeunder the Asian Rail and Highways Scheme, ,

undertaking a three-year maintenance rolling plan, undertaking a three-year maintenance rolling plan, and rehabilitation of railway. and rehabilitation of railway.

Feasibility studies will be undertaken to construct Feasibility studies will be undertaken to construct underground rail, circular rail, circular and elevated underground rail, circular rail, circular and elevated rail in Dhaka. rail in Dhaka.

– To ensure smooth and safe navigation of cargo and To ensure smooth and safe navigation of cargo and passenger vessels through water transport, dredging all passenger vessels through water transport, dredging all major river routes will be undertaken; major river routes will be undertaken;

– Mongla port and Chittagong deep sea port will be Mongla port and Chittagong deep sea port will be developed and will be opened developed and will be opened to all regional usersto all regional users. .

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HousingHousing– provide housing for rural and urban provide housing for rural and urban

homeless, landless and vulnerable homeless, landless and vulnerable groups:groups:(i)(i) ensure maximum utilization of land in rural ensure maximum utilization of land in rural

areas through developing ‘growth centre’ areas through developing ‘growth centre’ centric housing in every union and Upazilla centric housing in every union and Upazilla and housing with modern amenities in and housing with modern amenities in urban areas; and urban areas; and

(ii)(ii) facilitate private sector house building and facilitate private sector house building and house building by NGOs and CBOs. house building by NGOs and CBOs.

– provide housing for all by 2015. provide housing for all by 2015.

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Social Safety Net Programmes (SSNP)Social Safety Net Programmes (SSNP)– All programmes undertaken under the social All programmes undertaken under the social

safety net will continue; safety net will continue; – Social safety nets will be extended for the ultra Social safety nets will be extended for the ultra

-poor and the number of recipients of old age -poor and the number of recipients of old age allowances and destitute women allowance allowances and destitute women allowance would, at least, would, at least, be doubled;be doubled;

– Other programmes such as one house one Other programmes such as one house one farm, rural housing, ideal village and back to farm, rural housing, ideal village and back to village programmes will be given renewed village programmes will be given renewed emphasis. emphasis.

Indicative Costs of Achieving Goals and Indicative Costs of Achieving Goals and Targets set out in NSAPR II (Revised)Targets set out in NSAPR II (Revised)

Methodology:Methodology: In estimating resource requirement, a macro-micro approach was In estimating resource requirement, a macro-micro approach was

taken- taken- • At the macro level, expenditure projection from the medium term At the macro level, expenditure projection from the medium term

budgetary framework was taken into consideration. At the micro budgetary framework was taken into consideration. At the micro level, the cost of implementing the activities to achieve the desired level, the cost of implementing the activities to achieve the desired goals and targets in each thematic area was taken into goals and targets in each thematic area was taken into consideration; consideration;

• These costs are indicative and were identified in consultation with These costs are indicative and were identified in consultation with the relevant stakeholders in the ministries/agencies; the relevant stakeholders in the ministries/agencies;

• Unit cost approach was taken in estimating indicative costs Unit cost approach was taken in estimating indicative costs of achieving strategic goals and targets; of achieving strategic goals and targets;

• Effort was made to take all overlaps into consideration and Effort was made to take all overlaps into consideration and multiple counting of the same cost was avoided; multiple counting of the same cost was avoided;

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Indicative Costs of Achieving Goals and Indicative Costs of Achieving Goals and Targets set out in NSAPR II (Revised) contd.Targets set out in NSAPR II (Revised) contd.

The estimated costs basically represent four components:- - costs of activities of ongoing projects and costs of activities of ongoing projects and programmes that have spilled over from NSAPR programmes that have spilled over from NSAPR I (2005-08); I (2005-08);

- costs of activities that have to be undertaken - costs of activities that have to be undertaken during the period of implementation of NSAPR II during the period of implementation of NSAPR II to achieve the goals and targets of thematic to achieve the goals and targets of thematic areas; areas; - additional recurring costs over and above the - additional recurring costs over and above the normal increase of existing items that have to be normal increase of existing items that have to be incurred for running the activities to achieve the incurred for running the activities to achieve the goals and targets of NSAPR II; and goals and targets of NSAPR II; and - maintenance costs necessary for newly - maintenance costs necessary for newly completed projects and programmes during the completed projects and programmes during the period of NSAPR-IIperiod of NSAPR-II..

Indicative Costs of NSAPR II: Resource GapIndicative Costs of NSAPR II: Resource Gap

Total (FY09-FY11) Total (FY09-FY11) in FY08 Pricesin FY08 Prices

A. Resource needs for NSAPR II (billion Tk)A. Resource needs for NSAPR II (billion Tk) 2814.812814.81

B. Non Discretionary Expenditure (billion Tk) B. Non Discretionary Expenditure (billion Tk)

642.59642.59

Interest PaymentInterest Payment 425.59425.59

Defense ExpenditureDefense Expenditure 217.00 217.00

C. Total expenditure needs (A+B) C. Total expenditure needs (A+B) 3457.403457.40

D. Total Domestic resources available (b. Tk.) D. Total Domestic resources available (b. Tk.) 2582.562582.56

Total RevenueTotal Revenue 2077.942077.94

Domestic borrowing Domestic borrowing 504.62504.62

E. Domestic Resource Gap (C-D) (billion Tk)E. Domestic Resource Gap (C-D) (billion Tk) 874.84874.84

G. Domestic Resource Gap in billion USD G. Domestic Resource Gap in billion USD 12.50 12.50

4646

Indicative Cost of achieving Goals and Targets Indicative Cost of achieving Goals and Targets of of

NSAPR IINSAPR II Thematic Area (Strategic Blocks & Supporting Thematic Area (Strategic Blocks & Supporting strategies) strategies)

Cost in billion Cost in billion Tk. at FY 2008 Tk. at FY 2008

pricesprices

% of % of Total Total CostCost

1. Macroeconomic Environment for Pro-poor 1. Macroeconomic Environment for Pro-poor Economic GrowthEconomic Growth

31.4331.43 1.121.12

2. Resource Mobilization 2. Resource Mobilization 29.7529.75 1.061.06

33. Agricultural Growth towards Poverty Reduction

180.00180.00 6.39

4. Water Resources Development and 4. Water Resources Development and Management Management

42.4942.49 1.511.51

5. SMEs Development5. SMEs Development 14.0414.04 0.500.50

6. Promoting Decent Employment6. Promoting Decent Employment 38.1038.10 1.351.35

7. Private Sector Development 7. Private Sector Development 54.7654.76 1.951.95

8. Land Use Policy and Management8. Land Use Policy and Management 3.783.78 0.130.13

9. Housing Development9. Housing Development 80.8180.81 2.872.87

10. 10. Infrastructure development including power, energy & Communications

536.66536.66 19.07

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Indicative Cost of NSAPR II (contd.)Indicative Cost of NSAPR II (contd.)11. Social Protection (SSNPs, FS, DM, Micro-11. Social Protection (SSNPs, FS, DM, Micro-Credit and RNFA)Credit and RNFA)

319.39319.39 11.3511.35

12. 12. Education, Training & Research 582.30582.30 20.69

13. Health, Nutrition and Family Planning13. Health, Nutrition and Family Planning 207.94207.94 7.39

14. Social inclusion and Empowerment 14. Social inclusion and Empowerment (Women’s and Children’s advancement, (Women’s and Children’s advancement, Indigenous people, People with disability, Indigenous people, People with disability, disadvantaged and Extreme poor groups) disadvantaged and Extreme poor groups)

48.6648.66 1.731.73

15. Promoting Good Governance & Public Services

300.95300.95 10.69

16. Utility Services Delivery including water, 16. Utility Services Delivery including water, sanitation & urban services sanitation & urban services

168.00168.00 5.975.97

17. Caring for Environment and tackling 17. Caring for Environment and tackling Climate ChangeClimate Change

125.03125.03 4.444.44

18. Technology Policy including ICT and Bio-18. Technology Policy including ICT and Bio-technologytechnology

50.7250.72 1.801.80

Total Total 2814.812814.81 100.00100.00

NSAPR II Implementation NSAPR II Implementation Monitoring and EvaluationMonitoring and Evaluation

• Policy Matrices are developed for all the 18 Policy Matrices are developed for all the 18 thematic areas so that concerned Ministries thematic areas so that concerned Ministries can develop Action Plans for their can develop Action Plans for their implementation;implementation;

• A list of Indicators for all the 18 thematic A list of Indicators for all the 18 thematic areas are also developed for implementation areas are also developed for implementation monitoring and evaluation. monitoring and evaluation.

4949

Institutional Process of M & E Institutional Process of M & E Sl.Sl.

nonoTask / FunctionTask / Function Responsible EntityResponsible Entity

1.1. Review of progress of Review of progress of NSAPR II NSAPR II implementationimplementation

National Steering Committee (NSC) National Steering Committee (NSC) on PRSon PRS

2.2. Preparation of Preparation of document on NSAPR II document on NSAPR II implementationimplementation

National Poverty Focal Point (NPFP), National Poverty Focal Point (NPFP), GED, Planning CommissionGED, Planning Commission

3.3. Monitoring consistency Monitoring consistency of programs & projects of programs & projects

Technical Committee headed by the Technical Committee headed by the Member, Programming Division, Member, Programming Division, Planning CommissionPlanning Commission

4.4. Annual evaluation of Annual evaluation of poverty reduction, poverty reduction, causal factors, studies causal factors, studies on poverty and public on poverty and public dialogue dialogue

NPFP, GED / independent academic NPFP, GED / independent academic & research institutions / civil society & research institutions / civil society / private organizations/ private organizations

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