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ANATOLIA WATERSHED REHABILITATION PROJECT

AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION CONTROL IN BLACKSEA

Dr. Ömer Faruk MutluOctober 23 – 25, ANKARA

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Total area 780.000 kmTotal area 780.000 km22

Population 72 millionPopulation 72 million

34 % of total population of Turkey live in 34 % of total population of Turkey live in rural areas. rural areas.

According to year 2001 agricultural census According to year 2001 agricultural census results; 71 % of rural population in our results; 71 % of rural population in our country have operations of agricultural country have operations of agricultural activities. activities.

TURKEY

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AreaArea(million (million

ha)ha)

% of% ofagricultural agricultural

areaarea

Total AreaTotal Area 66.966.9

Agricultural AreaAgricultural Area 21.821.8

Cereals Cereals 15.215.2 69.969.9

Vegetables – Flower Vegetables – Flower 0.60.6 2.72.7

Permanent cropsPermanent crops 2.42.4 11.011.0

Fallowing LandsFallowing Lands 3.73.7 17.217.2

Irrigated Area Irrigated Area 5.25.2 23.923.9

Natural meadowNatural meadow 14.614.6

Unused potential areasUnused potential areas 1.91.9

Agricultural Structure

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STOCKBREEDINGSTOCKBREEDING NUMBER(MillionNUMBER(Million))

DISTRIBUTIODISTRIBUTIONN

NUMBERNUMBER

Total CattleTotal Cattle 10.610.6 < 1 year< 1 year 2.62.6

< 2 year< 2 year 2.92.9

> 2 year > 2 year dairy cattledairy cattle

4.64.6

Other cattleOther cattle 0.50.5

Total Total PoultryPoultry 297297 BroilersBroilers 238.1238.1

Egg Egg 58.858.8

TurkeyTurkey 5.95.9

Duck Duck 0.80.8

Goose Goose 1.31.3

Total SheepTotal Sheep 25.325.3 AdultsAdults 12.612.6

LambLamb 12.712.7

GoatGoat 6.66.6

Donkey Donkey 0.30.3

Mule Mule 0.10.1

HorseHorse 0.20.2

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PROJECT AREA

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OBJECTIVE

The Project will reduce, over the long-term, the discharge of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and other agricultural pollutants into the surface and ground waters of Turkey and the Black Sea through integrated land and water management and ecologically

sustainable use of natural resources.

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OBJECTIVE

increasing the use of environmentally friendly agricultural practices and thereby reducing nutrient discharge particularly from agricultural sources to the Black Sea

strengthening national policy and local regulatory capacity to meet European Union (EU) standards for agricultural nutrient pollution control

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Main Components of the Agricultural Pollution Control in Blacksea

Manure Management Nutrient Management Water and Soil Quality Monitoring Organic Farming Nitrate Directive Implementation

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MANURE MANAGEMENTMANURE MANAGEMENT

By By October 20October 20, 200, 20077, a total of , a total of 126126 farm farm type manure storage (for more than 10 type manure storage (for more than 10 cattle) and cattle) and 7777 household type manure stores household type manure stores (for up to 5 cattle) have been completed(for up to 5 cattle) have been completed..

Six Six large central manure storage and large central manure storage and handling facilities, handling facilities, Samsun, Samsun, AmasyaAmasya, Tokat , Tokat and in Çorum and in Çorum microcatchment have been microcatchment have been completed. completed.

Machinery (container carriers, solid manure Machinery (container carriers, solid manure spreaders,spreaders, manure mixers, manure mixers, liquid manure liquid manure vacuum tankers and loader tractors have vacuum tankers and loader tractors have been been procured and are in use. and are in use.

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2020

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BIOGASBIOGAS

Biogas introduction studies were Biogas introduction studies were launched. launched.

Within this scope 2 demonstration Within this scope 2 demonstration facilities are under construction. facilities are under construction.

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BIOGASBIOGAS

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BIOGASBIOGAS

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NUTRIENT MANAGEMENTNUTRIENT MANAGEMENT

Soil Analysis

Manure Analysis

Manure Application Software

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SOIL AND MANURE ANALYSİSSOIL AND MANURE ANALYSİS

Project Provincial Teams were trained Project Provincial Teams were trained related to Soil Sampling Techniques. related to Soil Sampling Techniques.

All needed chemical substances for All needed chemical substances for analysis in the scope of the Project was analysis in the scope of the Project was provided to Soil and Fertilizer Research provided to Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute. Institute.

Soil and manure analysis was launched Soil and manure analysis was launched and and 400400 soil and soil and 20 20 manure analysis from manure analysis from the project fields had been analyzed. the project fields had been analyzed.

Soil and manure analysis will be Soil and manure analysis will be accelerated according to application of accelerated according to application of manure management. manure management.

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Soil sampling from the fields within the Project Scope.

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Water and Soil Quality MonitoringWater and Soil Quality Monitoring

The team has developed a detailed lab handbook for procedures so that analysis procedures by all labs are harmonized .

The labs are provided with necessary chemicals and supplies, instrument capacity strengthened. Both regional and provincial labs are taking necessary samples and conducting water and soil analysis. The data gathered so far will be used to develop a baseline.

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Water and Soil Quality MonitoringWater and Soil Quality Monitoring

Within project microcatchments, there are 33 points for surface water samples, 32 points for ground water sampling and 2 points from natural fountains. Water is being analyzed monthly and quarterly for pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity , suspended solids , nitrate, TN, TP and fecal coliform.

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Water Quality Monitoring BaselineWater Quality Monitoring Baseline

nitrate

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

Average Max Min

Average 13,63 31,65 29,50 10,00 0,50

Max 14,2 32,5 29,5 10 0,5

Min 12,6 30,8 29,5 10 0,5

TR833_02 TR833_04 TR833_07 TR833_08 TR833_10 TR833_11 TR833_14

Ground water Nitrate Pollution results for samples taken from Çorum microcatchment (Values in mg/L)

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Water Quality Monitoring Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Baseline

nitrate

0,0010,0020,0030,0040,0050,0060,0070,0080,0090,00

TR834_04

TR834_05

TR834_06

TR834_07

TR834_08

TR834_09

TR834_010

Average Max Min

Ground water Nitrate Pollution results for samples taken from Amasya microcatchment (Values in mg/L)

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Water Quality Monitoring BaselineWater Quality Monitoring Baseline

Ground water Nitrate Pollution results for samples taken from Turhal microcatchment (Values in mg/L)

nitrate

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

Average Max Min

Average 13,39 1,68 6,46 3,52 1,18 4,86 11,30 2,30

Max 41,2 4,14 20,6 12,5 2,34 15,8 34 4,54

Min 0,32 0,11 0,08 0,13 0,06 0,13 0,22 0,06

TR832_02 TR832_03 TR832_04 TR832_07 TR832_08 TR832_09 TR832_10 TR832_15

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Water Quality Monitoring BaselineWater Quality Monitoring Baseline

nitrate

0,00

50,00

100,00

150,00

Average Max Min

Average 11,31 33,68 26,47 56,50 68,20 82,80 6,86 8,64

Max 25,9 93,1 35 62,9 117 101 7,16 10,1

Min 3,52 3,66 9,8 50,1 41,5 49,4 6,56 7,17

TR831_12 TR831_13 TR831_14 TR831_15 TR831_16 TR831_17 TR831_18 TR831_19

Ground water Nitrate Pollution results for samples taken from Samsun İlyaslı microcatchment (Values in

mg/L)

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Nitrat (yüzey suları /yer altı suları) izlemesi örnekleme noktalarıNitrat (yüzey suları /yer altı suları) izlemesi örnekleme noktaları548 yer altı,1026 yüzey, toplam 1574548 yer altı,1026 yüzey, toplam 1574

Nitrate pollution monitoring sampling stations (surface waters / ground waters) 548 ground water, 1026 surface water and total 1574 sampling stations.

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ORGANIC FARMINGORGANIC FARMING

With respect to organic farming, the project organized training for 38 farmers and 32 provincial staff from the four project provinces in Izmir where organic fruit production is well established.

Subsequently three training sessions were organized for training of the trainers on organic farming.

An accredited control and certification services company had been contracted to initially help in organizing the organic fruit growing in the project area and later in certification.

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ORGANIC FARMINGORGANIC FARMING

3 Organic walnut field had been established in 3 different microcatchments with 10 hectare, 1 hectare and 30 hectare dimensions.

In a microcatchment, 40 hectares walnut field belong to 77 farmers, had been converted into Organic Farming.

Interest to Organic Farming and related requests to Project Management continuously increases.

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ORGANIC FARMINGORGANIC FARMING

An accredited certification company contracted for organic Farming.

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ORGANIC FARMINGORGANIC FARMING

Works after harvest

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ORGANIC FARMINGORGANIC FARMING

First organic transition product

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TRAININGTRAINING

In the scope of the project, inner In the scope of the project, inner personnel trainings and farmer trainings personnel trainings and farmer trainings were carried out. were carried out.

In Project provinces, project provincial In Project provinces, project provincial teams have been trained continuously. teams have been trained continuously.

Besides, trainings related to project were Besides, trainings related to project were not limited to the project provinces and not limited to the project provinces and participation from other provinces was participation from other provinces was provided. provided.

Until now, more than 800 farmers have Until now, more than 800 farmers have been informed about the project, nitrate been informed about the project, nitrate pollution and manure management. pollution and manure management.

In the coming months, farmer trainings In the coming months, farmer trainings will focus on manure and nutrient will focus on manure and nutrient management. management.

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TRAININGTRAINING

Training materialsTraining materials Laboratory analysis handbookLaboratory analysis handbook Soil analysis handbookSoil analysis handbook Nutrient ManagementNutrient Management Nutrient Management PlanNutrient Management Plan Manure Application SoftwareManure Application Software ManureManure Manure Management Manure Management Compost managementCompost management Determination and control of Agricultural Pollution Determination and control of Agricultural Pollution Water pollution monitoring studiesWater pollution monitoring studies Soil sampling and evaluation of analysis results Soil sampling and evaluation of analysis results Soil sampling and evaluation of analysis results Soil sampling and evaluation of analysis results BiogasBiogas Climate changeClimate change

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An instantaneous view from one of the continuous farmer trainings

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FINANCE AND APPLICATION HISTORYFINANCE AND APPLICATION HISTORY

AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION CONTROL (GEF – AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION CONTROL (GEF – GRANT)GRANT)GEF (GRANT)GEF (GRANT) : 7.000.000 $: 7.000.000 $PUBLIC CONTRIBUTIONPUBLIC CONTRIBUTION : 2.560.000 $: 2.560.000 $

TOTALTOTAL : 9.560.000 $: 9.560.000 $

CALENDARCALENDAR

PROJECT ACTIVITIES LAUNCHED IN JANUARY PROJECT ACTIVITIES LAUNCHED IN JANUARY 2005 AND WILL BE FINISHED BY THE END OF 2005 AND WILL BE FINISHED BY THE END OF 20122012

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DISBURSEMENTSDISBURSEMENTS

GEF Grant (USD)

Public contribution

(USD)

2005 475.612 176.870 652.482

2006 1.050.278 304.018 1.354.296

2007 (until October)

1.004.450 354.523 1.358.973

Grand Total 2.530.340 835.411 3.365.751