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1
Application of a Model Based Systems Engineering Method to Manage Project Risk
Fred Rojek Booz Allen Hamilton
Advanced Risk Management Seminar Applications to Systems Engineering
November 8–9
2
Thesis
Application of a Model Based Systems Engineering method can contribute to the implementation of an effective risk management program because…
3
Agenda
Systems Engineering Objective
Systems Engineering Challenge
Essential Elements of a Model Based Systems Engineering Method
MBSE Application Example
Conclusion
4
Systems Engineering’s Objective
Translate user operational needs into an efficient and cost-effective system solution
Capture the solution in a complete and coherent* system documentation** needed to design, integrate, test, operate and logistically support a system that fully meets user operational needs
– Specification
– Design
– Test
– Operation
– Support
– Other Supporting Work Products: Trade Studies, Analyses, Technical Reports, Meeting Minutes…
* Coherent: Composed of mutually dependent parts; making a logical whole; consistent; as a coherent plan, argument, or discourse. Webster Dictionary** Also known as work products
5
Systems Engineering’s Challenge
Capture the solution in a complete and coherent system documentation needed to design, integrate, test, operate and logistically support a system…
User Operational
Needs &Constraints
Concept of Operations Concept of Operations
SystemPerformance
Spec
SystemPerformance
Spec
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
Test PlanTest PlanTest
PlanTest Plan
LogisticSupport
Plan
LogisticSupport
Plan
System/SegmentDesign
Description
System/SegmentDesign
Description
Interface Control
Documents
Interface Control
Documents
StandardOperating Practices
& Procedures
StandardOperating Practices
& Procedures
SystemsEngineeringProcesses
DevelopmentSpecificationDevelopmentSpecificationDevelopment
SpecificationDevelopmentSpecificationDevelopment
SpecificationDevelopmentSpecification
6
Systems Engineering’s Challenge
System requirements, design data, and information relevant to a wide variety of engineering, technical and domain disciplines
– Totality of requirements in the thousands (possibly tens of thousands); Often changing, sometimes well into design
– Dozens (possibly hundreds) of scientists, specialists, engineers, designers, testers, manufacturers…, from multiple & diverse technical disciplines
– Customers, operators, maintainers, suppliers… with great domain expertise, little engineering expertise (and vice versa)
– Should tie together into a unified whole
– Should always be traceable to User Operational Needs
Hundreds to thousands of components employing a wide variety of technologies manufactured throughout the country, possibly the world (ex. International Space Station)
Never ending issues and risks associated at varying development levels that span a wide range of technical and domain expertise
7
Application of a MBSE Method to Partially Address the Challenge
SystemsEngineeringProcesses
User Operational
Needs &Constraints
Model BasedSystems Engineering
Method
sup
po
rts
Concept of Operations Concept of Operations
SystemPerformance
Spec
SystemPerformance
Spec
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
Test PlanTest PlanTest
PlanTest Plan
Test PlanTest PlanTest
PlanTest Plan
LogisticSupport
Plan
LogisticSupport
Plan
System/SegmentDesign
Description
System/SegmentDesign
Description
Interface Control
Documents
Interface Control
Documents
StandardOperating Practices
& Procedures
StandardOperating Practices
& Procedures
DevelopmentSpecificationDevelopmentSpecificationDevelopment
SpecificationDevelopmentSpecificationDevelopment
SpecificationDevelopmentSpecification
DevelopmentSpecificationDevelopmentSpecificationDevelopment
SpecificationDevelopmentSpecificationDevelopment
SpecificationDevelopmentSpecification
8
Essential Elements of a MBSE Method
1. Use of models as the central and unifying element to the development of a system*
2. Application across SE processes
3. Application down and up development levels
4. Application throughout system lifecycle
5. Use of computerized SE tools to support the method
* “…model-based [systems] engineering is about elevating models in the engineering process to a central and governing role in the specification, design, integration, validation, and operation of a system.” Estefan, J.A., Survey of Model Based Systems Engineering Methodologies, INCOSE MBSE Focus Group (http://syseng.omg.org/MBSE_Methodology_Survey_RevA.pdf)
9
1. Models as Central and Unifying Element
Well defined, unambiguous language/notation, understood by all stakeholders, to describe and analyze the system
Multiple system views to fully communicate system requirements and design
– Requirements, Behavioral, Structure, Performance, Data, Managerial…
– Integrated/Traceable; Complimentary; Consistent…non contradictory
Underlying structure (or schema) to define model elements, attributes and relationships – Information Model
Executability
Models are the primary means of communication with clients, builders, and users; models are the language of the architect. The Art of Systems Architecting, Maier, M., Rechtin, E., CRC Press, 2002
10
AND
OA.1.1.1.1
Produce FDS
OA.1.1.1.2
Request Training(via Request
Field Services)
AND
OA.1.1.1.3
Review FDS
OA.1.1.10.1
Receive andDisposition Waste
AcceptanceRequirements (u...
AND
OA.1.1.10.2
Develop andDisseminate SiteCampaign Plan
(using the Opera...
OA.1.1.10.3
Develop andDisseminate
Annual ShipmentPlan
AND
FinalDelivery ...
FieldServices ...
FDS,Reviewed...
FDS,Finalized/...
SiteCampaign ...
AnnualShipment ...
Schedule
AND
OA.1.1.1.1
Produce FDS
OA.1.1.1.2
Request Training(via Request
Field Services)
AND
OA.1.1.1.3
Review FDS
OA.1.1.10.1
Receive andDisposition Waste
AcceptanceRequirements (u...
AND
OA.1.1.10.2
Develop andDisseminate SiteCampaign Plan
(using the Opera...
OA.1.1.10.3
Develop andDisseminate
Annual ShipmentPlan
AND
FinalDelivery ...
FieldServices ...
FDS,Reviewed...
FDS,Finalized/...
SiteCampaign ...
AnnualShipment ...
Schedule
documents documents documents documents documents documents documents documents documents
verified by verified by verified by verified by verified by
Doc.6
TransportationRequirements Doc
Document
Sys.1
TransportationSystem (TSRD4)
Component
TSRDCO.4.1
CommunicationEquipment Com...
Requirement
CommunicationEquipment Com...
VerificationRequ...
TSRDCO.4.2
CommunicationsEquipment Inde...
Requirement
CommunicationsEquipment Inde...
VerificationRequ...
TSRDCO.4.4
CommunicationsEquipment Reliabi...
Requirement
CommunicationsEquipment Reliabi...
VerificationRequ...
TSRDF.4.10
Space for ConsistAssembly
Requirement
Space for ConsistAssembly
VerificationRequ...
TSRDF.4.11
TransportationPackage Decon...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.13
Rolling StockDecontamination
Requirement
Rolling StockDecontamination
VerificationRequ...
TSRDF.4.17
Train Assemblyand Disassembly...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.18
Brake SystemSafety Standards
Requirement
documents documents
refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by
Doc.1
WMSRequirements D...
Document
CRD.7.3.2
Command &Control
Requirement
TSRD.4.94
Rail ConsistTracking
Requirement
TSRD.4.135
Truck ConsistTrasking
Requirement
TSRDT.4.1
Rail ConsistCommunications
Requirement
CRD.7.3.3
TransportationRates
Requirement
TSRD.4.7
Special WasteContainer Capabi...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.8
Storage ofContainer Inven...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.9
Storage of RollingStock Inventory
Requirement
Multiple System Views to Communicate Requirements & Design*
Physical Hierarchy(System Structure)
Physical Block Diagram (System Interconnection)
Requirements Hierarchy(System Traceability)
*Views produced by CORE
Verification Requirements
R
built from built from built from built from built from built from
built from built from built from built from built from built from built from built from built from
Sys.1
TransportationSystem
Component
Sys.1.1
MaintenanceFacility
Component
Sys.1.3
Operation Center
Component
Sys.1.3.1
C2 Equip
Component
Sys.1.3.2
Comm Equip
Component
Sys.1.3.3
Ops Center
Component
Sys.1.4
Containers
Component
Sys.1.4.1
Outer Shell
Component
Sys.1.4.2
Storage Container
Component
Sys.1.4.3
TransportationSkid
Component
Sys.1.5
Rail Equipment
Component
Sys.1.5.1
Container Car
Component
Sys.1.5.2
Crew Car
Component
Sys.1.5.3
Buffer Car
Component
Sys.1.6
Truck Equipment
Component
Sys.1.12
Other SupportSystems
Component
NRC - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
State Authority - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
DH
S -
CRW
MS/
Tran
spor
tatio
n/C3
Commercial Rail Business Ops -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
FBI - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Coast Guard - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Rail Consist - C2, Comm (Primary) NWS - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Local Authority - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Fede
ral A
utho
rity
-CR
WM
S/Tr
ansp
orta
ti...
Truck Consist - C2,Tracking Data (Primary)
Commercial Rail Ops Center -CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Rail Consist - C2, Tracking Data (Primary)
PIO - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
CRWMS/WA - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Commercial Truck Business Ops -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Seciurity Contractor - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Origin Site - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
CRWMS/MGR - CRWMS/Transportation...
Commercial Truck Ops Center -CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Truck Consist - C2, Comm (Primary)
Transportation Barge - CRWMS/Transportation/C3, Tracking Data
DOE EOC -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Trib
al A
utho
ritie
s -
CRW
MS/
Tran
spor
tatio
n/C3
Cask MaintenanceFacility
Node
Command & Control
Node
TransportationOperations Center
Node
Nevada RailInfrastructure
Node
Transportation Casks(Other than TADTransportation
Overpack, AgingOverpack)
Node
Cask Rail Car
Node
Buffer Rail Car
Node
TAD System
Node
Other SupportSystems
Node
Ex.1
Nuclear RegulatoryCommission (NRC)
External
Ex.2
Local Authority
External
Ex.3
State Authority
External
Ex.4
Federal Authority
External
Ex.5
Tribal Authority
External
Ex.6
Department ofHomeland Security
(DHS)
External
Ex.7
Federal Bureau ofInvestigation (FBI)
External
Ex.8
Public InformationOffice (PIO)
External
Ex.9
National WeatherService (NWS)
External
Ex.11
Origin Site (OS)
External
Ex.12.b
Commercial RailBusiness Operations
External
Ex.14.b
Commercial TruckBusiness Operations
External
Ex.16
Transportation Barge
Node
Ex.20
Coast Guard
External
Ex.21
Security Contractor
External
Ex.22
DOE EmergencyOperations Center
External
Op.2
Waste Acceptance
Node
Op.3
Monitored GeologicRepository
Node
Ex.12.a
Commercial RailOperations Center
External
Ex.14.a
Commercial TruckOperations Center
External
Ex.13
Rail Consist
External
Ex.15
Truck Consist
External Operations & Logical/Functional(System Behavior)
11
AND
OA.1.1.1.1
Produce FDS
OA.1.1.1.2
Request Training(via Request
Field Services)
AND
OA.1.1.1.3
Review FDS
OA.1.1.10.1
Receive andDisposition Waste
AcceptanceRequirements (u...
AND
OA.1.1.10.2
Develop andDisseminate SiteCampaign Plan
(using the Opera...
OA.1.1.10.3
Develop andDisseminate
Annual ShipmentPlan
AND
FinalDelivery ...
FieldServices ...
FDS,Reviewed...
FDS,Finalized/...
SiteCampaign ...
AnnualShipment ...
Schedule
AND
OA.1.1.1.1
Produce FDS
OA.1.1.1.2
Request Training(via Request
Field Services)
AND
OA.1.1.1.3
Review FDS
OA.1.1.10.1
Receive andDisposition Waste
AcceptanceRequirements (u...
AND
OA.1.1.10.2
Develop andDisseminate SiteCampaign Plan
(using the Opera...
OA.1.1.10.3
Develop andDisseminate
Annual ShipmentPlan
AND
FinalDelivery ...
FieldServices ...
FDS,Reviewed...
FDS,Finalized/...
SiteCampaign ...
AnnualShipment ...
Schedule
documents documents documents documents documents documents documents documents documents
verified by verified by verified by verified by verified by
Doc.6
TransportationRequirements Doc
Document
Sys.1
TransportationSystem (TSRD4)
Component
TSRDCO.4.1
CommunicationEquipment Com...
Requirement
CommunicationEquipment Com...
VerificationRequ...
TSRDCO.4.2
CommunicationsEquipment Inde...
Requirement
CommunicationsEquipment Inde...
VerificationRequ...
TSRDCO.4.4
CommunicationsEquipment Reliabi...
Requirement
CommunicationsEquipment Reliabi...
VerificationRequ...
TSRDF.4.10
Space for ConsistAssembly
Requirement
Space for ConsistAssembly
VerificationRequ...
TSRDF.4.11
TransportationPackage Decon...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.13
Rolling StockDecontamination
Requirement
Rolling StockDecontamination
VerificationRequ...
TSRDF.4.17
Train Assemblyand Disassembly...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.18
Brake SystemSafety Standards
Requirement
documents documents
refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by
Doc.1
WMSRequirements D...
Document
CRD.7.3.2
Command &Control
Requirement
TSRD.4.94
Rail ConsistTracking
Requirement
TSRD.4.135
Truck ConsistTrasking
Requirement
TSRDT.4.1
Rail ConsistCommunications
Requirement
CRD.7.3.3
TransportationRates
Requirement
TSRD.4.7
Special WasteContainer Capabi...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.8
Storage ofContainer Inven...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.9
Storage of RollingStock Inventory
Requirement
Integrated!
built from built from built from built from built from built from
built from built from built from built from built from built from built from built from built from
Sys.1
TransportationSystem
Component
Sys.1.1
MaintenanceFacility
Component
Sys.1.3
Operation Center
Component
Sys.1.3.1
C2 Equip
Component
Sys.1.3.2
Comm Equip
Component
Sys.1.3.3
Ops Center
Component
Sys.1.4
Containers
Component
Sys.1.4.1
Outer Shell
Component
Sys.1.4.2
Storage Container
Component
Sys.1.4.3
TransportationSkid
Component
Sys.1.5
Rail Equipment
Component
Sys.1.5.1
Container Car
Component
Sys.1.5.2
Crew Car
Component
Sys.1.5.3
Buffer Car
Component
Sys.1.6
Truck Equipment
Component
Sys.1.12
Other SupportSystems
Component
NRC - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
State Authority - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
DH
S -
CRW
MS/
Tran
spor
tatio
n/C3
Commercial Rail Business Ops -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
FBI - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Coast Guard - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Rail Consist - C2, Comm (Primary) NWS - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Local Authority - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Fede
ral A
utho
rity
-CR
WM
S/Tr
ansp
orta
ti...
Truck Consist - C2,Tracking Data (Primary)
Commercial Rail Ops Center -CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Rail Consist - C2, Tracking Data (Primary)
PIO - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
CRWMS/WA - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Commercial Truck Business Ops -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Seciurity Contractor - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Origin Site - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
CRWMS/MGR - CRWMS/Transportation...
Commercial Truck Ops Center -CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Truck Consist - C2, Comm (Primary)
Transportation Barge - CRWMS/Transportation/C3, Tracking Data
DOE EOC -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Trib
al A
utho
ritie
s -
CRW
MS/
Tran
spor
tatio
n/C3
Cask MaintenanceFacility
Node
Command & Control
Node
TransportationOperations Center
Node
Nevada RailInfrastructure
Node
Transportation Casks(Other than TADTransportation
Overpack, AgingOverpack)
Node
Cask Rail Car
Node
Buffer Rail Car
Node
TAD System
Node
Other SupportSystems
Node
Ex.1
Nuclear RegulatoryCommission (NRC)
External
Ex.2
Local Authority
External
Ex.3
State Authority
External
Ex.4
Federal Authority
External
Ex.5
Tribal Authority
External
Ex.6
Department ofHomeland Security
(DHS)
External
Ex.7
Federal Bureau ofInvestigation (FBI)
External
Ex.8
Public InformationOffice (PIO)
External
Ex.9
National WeatherService (NWS)
External
Ex.11
Origin Site (OS)
External
Ex.12.b
Commercial RailBusiness Operations
External
Ex.14.b
Commercial TruckBusiness Operations
External
Ex.16
Transportation Barge
Node
Ex.20
Coast Guard
External
Ex.21
Security Contractor
External
Ex.22
DOE EmergencyOperations Center
External
Op.2
Waste Acceptance
Node
Op.3
Monitored GeologicRepository
Node
Ex.12.a
Commercial RailOperations Center
External
Ex.14.a
Commercial TruckOperations Center
External
Ex.13
Rail Consist
External
Ex.15
Truck Consist
External
allocated to
functional I/O implemented by
trace to
verified by
Additional Views used as required to communicate other relevant system characteristics
12
Information Model Example*
* Partial View of CORE Schema
Risk
causes
Organization
assigned to
ProgramActivity
resolved by
Document
documented by
causescauses
basisof
performedby
Component
built from
Interface
joinedto
Function
decomposedby
Requirement
refined by
causes
results in results in
R
VerificationRequirement
verified by
causes
VerificationEvent
fulfilled by
13
Information Model Example*
* Partial View of CORE Schema
Issue
generates
Organization
assigned to
ProgramActivity
resolved by
Document
documented by
generatesgenerates
basisof
performedby
Component
built from
Interface
joinedto
Function
decomposedby
Requirement
refined by
generates
R
VerificationRequirement
verified by
generates
VerificationEvent
fulfilled by
results in results in
14
* Trade-off Studies, Risk Management, Interface Management, Configuration Management…
2. Application Across SE Processes
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process ModelSystemPerformanceSpecification
orDevelopmentSpecification
SystemPerformanceSpecification
orDevelopmentSpecification
System Analysis & Control*
To Next Development
Level
Concept of Operations Concept of Operations
ContractorStatement of
Work
ContractorStatement of
Work
.
.
.
Safety AnalysisHuman FactorsRAM AnalysisLogistic AnalysisEMI Analysis…
SystemPerformanceSpecification
orDevelopmentSpecification
SystemPerformanceSpecification
orDevelopmentSpecification
15
3. Application Down & Up Development Phases
Decom
position & D
esign Inte
grat
ion
& V
erifi
catio
n
SystemPerformance
Spec
SystemPerformance
Spec
SystemDesign
ProductDesign
SubsystemDesign
ComponentDesign
HW Fab &Assembly; SW Code
Part & CSU Verification
ComponentIntegration &Verification
SubsystemIntegration &Verification
ProductIntegration &Verification
SystemIntegration &Verification
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecificationsProduct
DevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
Verification Requirements
Verification Results
Verification Requirements
Verification Results
VerificationRequirements
VerificationResults
VerificationRequirements
Verification
Results
ConceptOperational
Test
Validation Requirements
Validation Results
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process Model
SRDSRDConcept of Operations Concept of Operations
16
4. Application Throughout Acquisition Lifecycle
ConceptRefinement
SyS
Prod 3Prod 2Prod 1
…
AdvancedDevelopment
Engineering Design
Integration &Evaluation
ProductionOperation & Support
Increasing Model Complexity
Sys
Prod 3Prod 2Prod 1
Subsys 3.1Subsys 1.2Subsys 1.1 Subsys 3.2
…
…
…
Sys
Prod 3Prod 2Prod 1
Subsys 3.1Subsys 1.2Subsys 1.1 Subsys 3.2
…
…
…
Comp 3.1.1Comp 1.1.2Comp 1.1.1 Comp 3.1.2
…
……
Sys
Prod 3Prod 2Prod 1
Subsys 3.1Subsys 1.2 Subsys 3.2
…
…
…
Comp 3.1.1Comp 1.1.2 Comp 3.1.2.a
…
…
Comp 3.1.3
Subsys 1.1
Comp 1.1.1
17
System Development History Maintained
Accumulated System Data & Information
(History)
ConceptRefinement
AdvancedDevelopment
Engineering Design
Integration &Evaluation
ProductionOperation & Support
Sys
Prod 3Prod 2Prod 1
Subsys 3.1Subsys 1.2 Subsys 3.2
…
…
…
Comp 3.1.1Comp 1.1.2 Comp 3.1.2.a
…
…
Comp 3.1.3
Subsys 1.1
Comp 1.1.1
18
5. Use of Computerized SE Tools to Support the MBSE Method
Modeling
– Support the modeling language and schema; produce the needed system views
– Maintain horizontal and vertical traceability
Data Management
– Single, central repository to manage all related system data and information
Document Generation
– Automated generation of formal documentation & work products (drawn from central model repository)
System/Segment Specification (SSS); Interface Requirements Specification (IRS); Test & Evaluation Plan (TEP); Software Requirements Specification (SRS)...
Integral to the SE Environment to support the MBSE method
See Survey of Model Based Systems Engineering Methodologies (http://syseng.omg.org/MBSE_Methodology_Survey_RevA.pdf) for a discussion of commercial tools available that could be used to support MBSE method application
19
MBSE Application Example
20
Waste Management System (WMS)
System Mission* - Accept, transport, & dispose of hazardous material in a manner that protects health, safety and the environment; and merits public confidence
System Concept
Interface between Waste Production Sites
& Disposal System
Receive and dispose of hazardous material
Transport hazardous material from Waste Generation Sites to Disposal System
WMS
TransportationSystem
WasteAcceptance
System
DisposalSystem
*Documented in WMS Requirements Document
21
WMS Concept of Operations
Maintenance Facility
DisposalSystem
WasteGeneration
Site
OperationsCenter
Unloaded waste containers
Loaded waste containers
Unloaded waste containers*
Equipment flow
Information flow
*Transportation modes include rail, truck, barge; possibly a combination of all three depending upon OS location
22
Transportation SystemConcept Model Maintenance
Facility
DisposalFacility Ops
WasteGenerationSite Ops
OperationsCenter
ExistingInfrastructure
utilizes
maintains
coordinates/controls
Waste
xports loadedcontainers to
stores
generates
coordinates/controls
Transportation System Components
DisposalFacility
xports unloaded containers to
WasteGeneration
Site
Waste Container
Rail or TruckEquipment
Transport Equip
carries
contains
23
WMS Transportation System Development Phase
Decom
position & D
esign Inte
grat
ion
& V
erifi
catio
n
SystemPerformance
Spec
SystemPerformance
Spec
SystemDesign
ProductDesign
SubsystemDesign
ComponentDesign
HW Fab &Assembly;SW Code
Part & CSUVerification
ComponentIntegration &Verification
SubsystemIntegration &Verification
ProductIntegration &Verification
SystemIntegration &Verification
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecificationsProduct
DevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecificationsProduct
DevelopmentSpecifications
ProductDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SubsystemDevelopmentSpecifications
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecificationSoftware
RequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
SoftwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
HardwareRequirementsSpecification
Verification Requirements
Verification Results
Verification Requirements
Verification Results
VerificationRequirements
VerificationResults
VerificationRequirements
VerificationResults
ConceptOperational
Test
Validation Requirements
Validation ResultsSRDSRD
Concept of Operations Concept of Operations
24
System Model Views
* All views produced by the CORE SE Tool
25
System Requirements (sample)
The system shall be capable of:
– Accepting and receiving 400 tons of waste in 1st year of operations
– Accepting and receiving 3800 tons in 2nd year of operations
– …
Shall be capable of accommodating a range of waste storage and transportation technologies
Shall comply with the applicable provisions of:
– Legislation
– Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
– EPA Standards
– DoT Regulations
– Association of American Railroads (AAR) Regs
– …
26
documents documents
refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by refined by
Doc.1
WMSRequirements D...
Document
CRD.7.3.3
TransportationRates
Requirement
TSRD.4.7
Special WasteContainer Capabi...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.8
Storage ofContainer Inven...
Requirement
TSRDF.4.9
Storage of RollingStock Inventory
Requirement
TSRDN.4.32
EOL Storage ofRolling Stock
Requirement
TSRDS.4.2
SNF and HLWTransportation ...
Requirement
CRD.7.3.2
Command &Control
Requirement
TSRD.4.94
Rail ConsistTracking
Requirement
TSRD.4.135
Truck ConsistTrasking
Requirement
TSRDT.4.1
Rail ConsistCommunications
Requirement
TSRDT.4.4
Truck ConsistCommunications
Requirement
Requirements Model Development
“The WMS shall be capable of receiving waste, mostly by rail, at the system operating conditions and receipt rates specified in…”
The Transportation System shall have the capability to store (TBD)% of the waste container inventory.
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process
“The WMS shall comply with the waste material transportation practices documented in the …”
The Transportation System shall have the capability to store (TBD)% of the rolling stock inventory.
The Transportation System shall be capable of voice communications with rail consists at all times throughout shipment operations.
27
System Behavior ModelDevelopment
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process
AND
OA.1Perform
TransportationSystem
Operations
OA.2
Perform WasteAcceptanceOperations
OA.3
Perform DisposalFacility
Operations
C.1
Perform WasteGeneration Site
Activity
C.2Perform
Commercial RailOperations
Center Activity
C.3Perform
Commercial TruckOperations
Center Activity
C.4
Perform RailConsist Activity
C.5
Perform TruckConsist Activity
C.6
Perform CoastGuard Activity
C.7
Perform StateAuthority Activity
AND
Transportation System Functional Context Diagram
28
AND
OA.1Perform
TransportationSystem
Operations
OA.2
Perform WasteAcceptanceOperations
OA.3
Perform DisposalFacility
Operations
C.1
Perform WasteGeneration Site
Activity
C.2Perform
Commercial RailOperations
Center Activity
C.3Perform
Commercial TruckOperations
Center Activity
C.4
Perform RailConsist Activity
C.5
Perform TruckConsist Activity
C.6
Perform CoastGuard Activity
C.7
Perform StateAuthority Activity
AND
Transportation System Functional Context Diagram
System Behavior ModelDevelopment – Decomposition
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process
Retire System
Continue Operation
Continue Annual Waste Shipment
OA.1.1
DevelopTransportation
System
OA.1.2
ProduceTransportation
System
OA.1.3
DeployTransportation
System
LP OR
AND
OA.1.4Operate &Maintain
TransportationSystem
OA.1.5
SupportTransportation
System
AND
OA.1.7
RetireTransportation
System
LE
OR LP
Perform Transportation System Operations
AND
OA.1.4.3
Assemble &Dispatch Consist
[2.0]
OA.1.4.4
Transport EmptyContainers to Site
[3.0]
OA.1.4.5
Handle & LoadContainers at Site
[4.0]
OA.1.4.6Transport Loaded
Containers toDisposal Facility
[5.0]
OA.1.4.7
Retrieve UnloadedContainers from
Facility [6.0]
OA.1.4.8
Return RollingStock & Aux
Equipment [7.0]
OA.1.4.9ReassembleContainers &Equipment &
Prepare for Next...
OA.1.4.1
PerformCommand &
Control
OA.1.4.2
Perform DailyPlanning &
Management
AND
Operate & Maintain Transportation System
29
System Behavior ModelDevelopment – Functional I/O
Functional I/O Includes Data, Information, Material
AND
OA.1
PerformTransportation
SystemOperations
OA.2
Perform WasteAcceptanceOperations
OA.3
Perform DisposalFacility
Operations
C.1
Perform WasteGeneration Site
Activity
C.2
PerformCommercial Rail
Operations CenterActivity
C.3
PerformCommercial
Truck OperationsCenter Activity
C.4
Perform RailConsist Activity
C.5
Perform TruckConsist Activity
C.6
Perform CoastGuard Activity
C.7
Perform StateAuthority Activity
AND
Empty Containers
LoadedContainers
DeliveryRequirements
Comm Rail OpsCenter C2 Messa...
Comm Truck OpsCenter C2 Messa...
PreparedContainers
7 Day AdvanceNotification of Sh...
Rail ConsistLocation
Truck ConsistLocation
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process
30
Physical Model Development
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process
Transportation System Physical Context Diagram
built from built from built from built from built from built from built from built from
Sys
WasteManagement Sy...
System of Syst...
Ex.11
WasteGeneration Sites
External System
Ex.13
Truck Consist
External System
Ex.12
Rail Consist
External System
Ex.14
Comm Truck OpsCenter
External System
Ex.15
Comm Rail OpsCenter
External System
Sys.1
TransportationSystem
System
Sys.2
WasteAcceptance
External System
Sys.3
Disposal Facility
External System
31
Physical Model Development
Transportation System Physical Hierarchy
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process
built from built from built from built from built from built from
Sys.1
TransportationSystem
System
Sys.1.1
MaintenanceFacility
Subsystem
Sys.1.3
Operation Center
Subsystem
Sys.1.4
Containers
Subsystem
Sys.1.5
Rail Equipment
Subsystem
Sys.1.6
Truck Equipment
Subsystem
Sys.1.12
Other SupportSystems
Subsystem
…
32
built from built from built from built from built from built from
performs performs performs performs
Sys.1
TransportationSystem
Component
Sys.1.1
MaintenanceFacility
Component
Sys.1.3
Operation Center
Component
f.1.4.3.1
Communicatewith Rail Consist
Function
f.1.4.3.2
Communicatewith Truck Consist
Function
f.1.4.3.3
Track Rail Consist
Function
f.1.4.3.4
Track Truk Consist
Function
Sys.1.4
Containers
Component
Sys.1.5
Rail Equipment
Component
Sys.1.6
Truck Equipment
Component
Sys.1.12
Other SupportSystems
Component
Functional Allocation
Functions from Behavior Model Allocated to the Operations Center Subsystem
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process
…
SubsystemSubsystemSubsystemSubsystemSubsystemSubsystem
33
built from built from built from built from built from built from
performs performs performs performs
based on based on based on based on
Sys.1
TransportationSystem
Component
Sys.1.1
MaintenanceFacility
Component
Sys.1.3
Operation Center
Component
f.1.4.3.1
Communicatewith Rail Consist
Function
TSRDT.4.1
Rail ConsistCommunications
Requirement
f.1.4.3.2
Communicatewith Truck Consist
Function
TSRDT.4.4
Truck ConsistCommunications
Requirement
f.1.4.3.3
Track Rail Consist
Function
TSRD.4.94
Rail ConsistTracking
Requirement
f.1.4.3.4
Track Truk Consist
Function
TSRD.4.135
Truck ConsistTracking
Requirement
Sys.1.4
Containers
Component
Sys.1.5
Rail Equipment
Component
Sys.1.6
Truck Equipment
Component
Sys.1.12
Other SupportSystems
ComponentSubsystemSubsystemSubsystemSubsystemSubsystemSubsystem
…
Requirements Traceability
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process
Requirements from Requirements Model Trace to Operations Center Functions
34
Structural Model Development – Interconnection Diagram
Functional I/O Items from Behavior Model Transferred by Interface Links
NRC - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
State Authority - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
DH
S -
CRW
MS/
Tran
spor
tatio
n/C3
Commercial Rail Business Ops -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
FBI - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Coast Guard - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Rail Consist - C2, Comm (Primary) NWS - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Local Authority - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Fede
ral A
utho
rity
-CR
WM
S/Tr
ansp
orta
ti...
Truck Consist - C2,Tracking Data (Primary)
Commercial Rail Ops Center -CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Rail Consist - C2, Tracking Data (Primary)
PIO - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
CRWMS/WA - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Commercial Truck Business Ops -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Seciurity Contractor - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Origin Site - CRWMS/Transportation/C3
CRWMS/MGR - CRWMS/Transportation...
Commercial Truck Ops Center -CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Truck Consist - C2, Comm (Primary)
Transportation Barge - CRWMS/Transportation/C3, Tracking Data
DOE EOC -- CRWMS/Transportation/C3
Trib
al A
utho
ritie
s -
CRW
MS/
Tran
spor
tatio
n/C3
Cask MaintenanceFacility
Node
Command & Control
Node
TransportationOperations Center
Node
Nevada RailInfrastructure
Node
Transportation Casks(Other than TADTransportation
Overpack, AgingOverpack)
Node
Cask Rail Car
Node
Buffer Rail Car
Node
TAD System
Node
Other SupportSystems
Node
Ex.1
Nuclear RegulatoryCommission (NRC)
External
Ex.2
Local Authority
External
Ex.3
State Authority
External
Ex.4
Federal Authority
External
Ex.5
Tribal Authority
External
Ex.6
Department ofHomeland Security
(DHS)
External
Ex.7
Federal Bureau ofInvestigation (FBI)
External
Ex.8
Public InformationOffice (PIO)
External
Ex.9
National WeatherService (NWS)
External
Ex.11
Origin Site (OS)
External
Ex.12.b
Commercial RailBusiness Operations
External
Ex.14.b
Commercial TruckBusiness Operations
External
Ex.16
Transportation Barge
Node
Ex.20
Coast Guard
External
Ex.21
Security Contractor
External
Ex.22
DOE EmergencyOperations Center
External
Op.2
Waste Acceptance
Node
Op.3
Monitored GeologicRepository
Node
Ex.12.a
Commercial RailOperations Center
External
Ex.14.a
Commercial TruckOperations Center
External
Ex.13
Rail Consist
External
Ex.15
Truck Consist
External
Operations Center
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process Model
35
System Specification
*Document generated by Computerized SE tool (CORE), drawing data from Central Repository
SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
FOR THE
Transportation System
Prepared For:
Prepared By:
1 Scope 1
1.1 Identification.................................................................................................................................1 1.2 System Overview..........................................................................................................................1 1.3 Document Overview .....................................................................................................................1
2 Applicable Documents 2
2.1 Government Documents ...............................................................................................................2 2.2 Non-Government Documents .......................................................................................................2
3 System Requirements 3
3.1 Definition......................................................................................................................................3 3.2 Characteristics...............................................................................................................................5
3.2.1 Performance Characteristics...............................................................................................5 3.2.2 System Capability Relationships........................................................................................5 3.2.3 External Interface Requirements ........................................................................................5 3.2.4 Physical Characteristics .....................................................................................................6 3.2.5 System Quality Factors ......................................................................................................6 3.2.5.1 Reliability........................................................................................................................7 3.2.5.2 Maintainability ................................................................................................................7 3.2.5.3 Availability .....................................................................................................................7 3.2.5.4 Additional Quality Factors ..............................................................................................7 3.2.6 Environmental Conditions .................................................................................................7 3.2.7 Transportability..................................................................................................................8 3.2.8 Flexibility and Expansion ..................................................................................................8 3.2.9 Portability ..........................................................................................................................8
3.3 Design and Construction ...............................................................................................................8 3.3.1 Materials ............................................................................................................................8 3.3.2 Electromagnetic Radiation .................................................................................................8 3.3.3 Nameplates and Product Marking ......................................................................................8 3.3.4 Workmanship.....................................................................................................................8 3.3.5 Interchangeability ..............................................................................................................8 3.3.6 Safety .................................................................................................................................8
3.3.6 Safety .................................................................................................................................8 3.3.7 Human Engineering .........................................................................................................10 3.3.8 Nuclear Control................................................................................................................10 3.3.9 System Security ...............................................................................................................10 3.3.10 Government Furnished Property Usage .........................................................................11 3.3.11 Computer Resource Reserve Capacity ...........................................................................11
3.4 Documentation............................................................................................................................11 3.5 Logistics......................................................................................................................................11 3.6 Personnel and Training ...............................................................................................................12
3.6.1 Personnel..........................................................................................................................13 3.6.2 Training............................................................................................................................13
3.7 Characteristics of Subordinate Elements .....................................................................................13 3.8 Precedence ..................................................................................................................................14 3.9 Qualification ...............................................................................................................................14 3.10 Standard Sample .......................................................................................................................14 3.11 Preproduction Sample, Periodic Production Sample, Pilot, or Pilot Lot ...................................14
4 Quality Assurance Provisions 15
4.1 Responsibility for Inspection ......................................................................................................15 4.2 Special Tests and Examinations ..................................................................................................15 4.3 Requirements Cross Reference ...................................................................................................15
5 Preparation for Delivery 16
6 Notes 17
6.1 Intended Use ...............................................................................................................................17 6.1.1 Missions ...........................................................................................................................17 6.1.2 Threat ...............................................................................................................................17
6.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations......................................................................................................17 6.3 Glossary ......................................................................................................................................17
10 Appendix A - Requirements Traceability Matrix 18
20 Appendix B - Behavior Diagrams 21
RequirementsModels
BehavioralModels
PhysicalModels
AssessmentResults
RequirementsAnalysis
FunctionalAnalysis
Design/Synthesis
Assessment
Systems Engineering Process ModelSystem
PerformanceSpecification
orDevelopmentSpecification
SystemPerformanceSpecification
orDevelopmentSpecification
System Performance Specification Documents Requirements*
36
Conclusion
Application of a Model Based Systems Engineering methodology can contribute to the implementation of an effective Risk Management program because:
– Models can effectively communicate system requirements and design detail to all disciplines, at all system levels; Simultaneously accessible to all team members (IPTs, special study groups, analysis teams, etc.) (identification)
Executable models allow analysis of system behavior (assessment and analysis)
– Risk documentation products - identified risks, assessment results, mitigation plans etc. – can become an integral part of the system models, maintained in central repository (management)
– Risk documentation products can be automatically generated from tools supporting SE environment drawing model data from central repository (management)
MBSE methodology allows Risk Management to become an integral part of the overall system development effort, throughout all development phases/levels, throughout the system lifecycle (management)
37
Questions
38
Backup
39
Other Model Based Initiatives (you may have heard of)
Model Driven Engineering (MDE)
Model Driven Architecture (MDA)1,2
Model Driven Development (MDD)1,2
Model Based Application Development1
Model Based Programming1
Object Oriented Systems Engineering Method (OOSEM) using SySML1
Rational Unified Process for Systems Engineering (RUP SE)3
1. Object Management Group (OMG) trademarks (http://www.omg.org/legal/tm_list.htm)
2. MDA & MDD are actually implementations of MDE
3. IBM Rational trademark
How do these differ from MBSE?or MBE or MDSD