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Canadian StandardsCanadian StandardsAssociationAssociation

Occupational Health & Safety Occupational Health & Safety ProgramProgram

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Primary ObjectivePrimary Objective

““Prevention of Harm to Workers”Prevention of Harm to Workers”

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New CSA Machinery New CSA Machinery

Safeguarding StandardsSafeguarding Standards

Z107.58 Machinery Noise EmissionsZ107.58 Machinery Noise Emissions

Z142-02 Power PressesZ142-02 Power Presses

Z434-03 Industrial RobotsZ434-03 Industrial Robots

Z432-04 Safeguarding of MachineryZ432-04 Safeguarding of Machinery

Z460-05 Hazardous Energy Control Z460-05 Hazardous Energy Control -Lockout and Other Methods-Lockout and Other Methods

Z460-05 Control of Hazardous Z460-05 Control of Hazardous Energy - LockoutEnergy - Lockout

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Determine the limits of the machineDetermine the limits of the machine

Identify the hazardsIdentify the hazards

Estimate the RiskEstimate the Risk

Evaluate the RiskEvaluate the Risk

Reduce the RiskReduce the Risk

Risk Assessment /ReductionRisk Assessment /Reduction

Risk ControlsRisk Controls

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Control of Hazardous EnergyControl of Hazardous Energy

• LOCKOUT for all maintenance/repair work activities or ‘operational’ tasks if a worker :

1) removes or bypasses a guard or other safety device

2) requires to place any part of his or her body into an area on a machine or equipment where work is actually performed…

• Release of Stored Hazardous Energy

moving parts – gravitational energy

(electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, nuclear, thermal, others..)

• Alternative Methods to Lockout, operational tasks for minor service…or service and/or maintenance tasks carried out with ‘power on’.

……subject to risk assessment.

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Lockout ProcedureLockout Procedure

• Notification

• Shutdown

• Isolate energy sources

• Relieve/restrain stored energy

• Lockout energy-isolating devices

• Verification and clearance of personnel

• Perform work

• Inspect/check area

• Remove locks/re-energize

• Restart

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Normal Production OperationNormal Production Operation

• Minor tool changes and adjustments, and other minor servicing activities, which take place during normal production operations, are not covered if the are routine, repetitive, and integral to the use of the equipment for production, provided that the work is performed using alternative measures which provide effective protection.

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Major deficiencies of Major deficiencies of

OSHA 1910.147 OSHA 1910.147• Allowing Tags in place of Locks

• Lack of specific requirements for ‘alternative measures’, operational tasks which are part of normal production and those tasks requiring equipment to be partially energized.

• Does not address design requirements for effective hazardous energy control for new machines/equipment, other than asking for “capable of being locked out”

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Major deficiencies of Major deficiencies of

ANSI Z244ANSI Z244

• Allowing Tags in place of Locks

• Alternative methods…….. control reliability, harmonization with other ANSI standards and ISO standards.

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ISO 14118 Safety of Machinery – ISO 14118 Safety of Machinery –

Prevention of unexpected start-upPrevention of unexpected start-up

• For new machinery only, operational requirements not included. ISO standards do typically not cover operational, work place dependent requirements. Those requirements are covered by jurisdictional occupational Health and Safety Regulations.

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Characteristics of operational Characteristics of operational

tasks…routine, repetitive…..tasks…routine, repetitive…..

• Short of duration

• Relatively minor in nature

• Occur frequently during the shift, day..

• Performed by operators …

• Do not involve extensive disassembly

• Represent predetermined cyclical activities

• Expected to occur regularly

• Minimally interrupt the production process

• Exists even when optimal operating levels are achieved

• Require task specific personnel training

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Subjects Covered by Z460Subjects Covered by Z460

• Traditional Lock-out including group lock-out for maintenance and/or service of equipment

• Release of stored energy, a more systematic approach.

• Alternative methods to lock-out for partially energized equipment and operational tasks part of normal production where lock-out not possible/feasible. (Risk assessment ‘control reliability’; Review of existing “C” Standards that adopt alternative methods to lock-out).

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"B1" StandardsSafety of Particular

Aspects

"B1" StandardsSafety Related

Devices

Safety DistanceNoise, Surface Temperature

etc.

Light Curtain Safety Mat Moveable Guard, etc

Presses Injection Moulding M/C's Robots

"C" StandardsSafety of Particular Machines

Adopting Safety Standards(International Standards)

B1 & B2 Standards

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Examples of “Other Methods”Examples of “Other Methods”

• Printing Industry Inch/Safe/Service Procedures ANSI B 65.1-1995

• Plastic Industry ANSI/SPI 151.15-2000 ANSI/SPI 151.21-2000

• Robotics Applications ANSI/RIA R15.06-1999

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NO YES

NO NO

YES YES

YES

NO

Routine, repetitive action?(as part of normal production operation)

orpower required?

PerformLockout

Procedure

bypassed?

Perform RiskAssessment

Exposed to hazard?Guards removed?

Interlocksbypassed?

equipment or process

Exposed to hazard?Guards removed?

Interlocks

Hazardous Energy

(for operational tasks, or service and/or maintenance tasks with power required)

Task requiring access to machine,

PerformTask

Alternativemethod

possible?

ApplyAlternative

Method

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Risk Assessment and Hazard Abatement

Establishment risk classification based on:

- Frequency - Severity

RISK

related to the considered hazard

SEVERITY

of the possible harm for the considered hazard

is a function of

PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE

of that harm- frequency and duration of exposure- probability of occurrence of hazardous event- possibility to avoid or limit the harm

and

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S - Severity of injury

S1 - Slight injury - first aid only

S2 - Serious injury - greater than first aid only

E - Exposure frequency

E1 - Low - less than or equal to once per day

E2 - Medium - greater than once per day or equal to once per hour

E3 - High - greater than once per hour

P - Possibility of avoiding a hazard

P1 - Possibility under specific conditions

P2 - Scarcely possible

Risk Assessment and Hazard AbatementRisk Assessment and Hazard Abatement

Matrix ReferencesMatrix References

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B 1 2 3 4

Starting point for risk estimation for the safety related part of the control system.

S1

S2 E2

E1

E3

P1

P1

P2

P2

Increasingreliability ofcomponents

Increasing redundancy and/or monitoring

Preferred categories

Possible categories which require additional measures

Over-dimensioned measuresfor the relevant risk

Risk Assessment and Hazard Matrix

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INSIGNIFICANT LOW MODERATE HIGH EXTREME

RISK

Concept of risk reduction using protective measures including safety functions.

Risk before pro-tective measures

are applied.Tolerable risk

Residualrisk

Increase in risk due to failure ofSafety Related Parts

SRP of Control Systems

control reliability (integrity)

MINIMUM RISK REDUCTION FROM ALL

PROTECTIVE MEASURES

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OHS Standards ProgramOHS Standards Program

20072007

New and Proposed New and Proposed

Standards and GuidelinesStandards and Guidelines

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Standards Under DevelopmentStandards Under Development

• B167B167 Overhead Travelling CranesOverhead Travelling Cranes

• Z11Z11 Portable LaddersPortable Ladders

• Z96.1Z96.1 Selection, Use, and Care Selection, Use, and Care of High-Visibility Apparelof High-Visibility Apparel

• Z195Z195 Industrial Protective FootwearIndustrial Protective Footwear

• Z259Z259 Selection, Use, and Care Selection, Use, and Care of Fall Protection Equipmentof Fall Protection Equipment

• Z797Z797 Code of Practice for Access Scaffolds Code of Practice for Access Scaffolds

• Z1004Z1004 Workplace ErgonomicsWorkplace Ergonomics

• Z1006Z1006 Confined Space EntryConfined Space Entry

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Standards Under DevelopmentStandards Under Development

• Z462Z462 Electrical Safety in the WorkplaceElectrical Safety in the Workplace - based on NFPA 70E - based on NFPA 70E

• Z1002Z1002 Injury Risk Assessment Injury Risk Assessment and Managementand Management

• Z1610Z1610 PPE for Emergency First PPE for Emergency First RespondersResponders

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DevelopingDevelopingNational OHS StandardsNational OHS Standards

CSA invitesCSA invitesYOUYOU

to get involved!to get involved!

www.csa.cawww.csa.ca