1- ch09 Inventory edit ALTAF ringkas.pdf

8/16/2019 1- ch09 Inventory edit ALTAF ringkas.pdf

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Pembelajaran Usai UTS

Pengantar Akuntansi

Memahami Akuntansi Persediaan (bag-1)

Dituturkan oleh Ali Tafriji Biswan

(altaf)

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Fokus Pembelajaran

• Mereview jenis2 usaha/bisnis

• Pentingnya persediaan (inventories)

•

Metode dalam persediaan• Asumsi arus biaya persediaan (cost flow

assumption)

• Pencatatan persediaan

• Penilaian persediaan selain at cost

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Jenis2 Usaha/Bisnis

• Tipe/jenis usaha:

– Service concern

– Merchandise concern

– Manufacture concern

• Bagaimana tipe persediaannya?

• Bagaimana perolehan pendapatannya?

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Why is Inventory Control Important?

Inventory is a significant asset and for manycompanies the largest asset.

Inventory is central to the main activity ofmerchandising and manufacturingcompanies.

Mistakes in determining inventory cost cancause critical errors in financial statements.

Inventory must be protected from externalrisks ( such as fire and theft) and internal

fraud by employees.

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Receiving

report

Purchase

order

Invoice

AGREE

JOURNAL

DescriptionNov. 9

Post.

Ref.Date

Inventory 1 222 00

Accounts Payable--XYZ Co. 1 222 00

Purchased merchandise on

account.

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LIABILITIES

OWNER’S

EQUITY

REVENUES

ASSETS

COSTS &

EXPENSES

Effect of Inventory Errors on

Financial Statements

Merchandise

Inventory

Cost of

Merchandise Sold

If merchandise inventory is . . . . . . .Cost of merchandise sold is . . . . . .

Gross profit and net income are . . .

Ending owner’s equity is . . . . . . . . .

overstated

understated

overstated

overstated

Net Income

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Asumsi Arus (Fisik) Persediaan

Purchased

goodsSold

goods

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Inventory Costing Methods

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

43%

34%

19%

4%

Fifo Lifo Average Other 8


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Item 127B

Purchases Cost of Mdse. Sold Inventory Balance

Unit Total Unit Total Unit Total

Date Qty. Cost Cost Qty. Cost Cost Qty. Cost Cost

Jan. 2 10 20 2004 7 20 140 3 20 60

10 8 21 168 3 20 60

8 21 168

FIFO Perpetual

Inventory Account

22 3 20 60

1 21 21 7 21 147

28 2 21 42 5 21 105

30 10 22 220 5 21 105

10 22 220

Totals 18 $388 13 $263 15 $325

INVENTORY: ITEM 127B UNITS COST PRICE

Jan. 2 Inventory 10 $20

4 Sale 7 $30

10 Purchase 8 21

22 Sale 4 31

28 Sale 2 32

30 Purchase 10 22

Of the four units sold, three are from the first units in(fifo) at a cost of $20.

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Item 127B

LIFO Perpetual

Inventory Account

Purchases Cost of Mdse. Sold Inventory Balance

Unit Total Unit Total Unit Total

Date Qty. Cost Cost Qty. Cost Cost Qty. Cost Cost

Jan. 2 10 20 2004 7 20 140 3 20 60

10 8 21 168 3 20 60

8 21 168

22 4 21 84 3 20 60

4 21 8428 2 21 42 3 20 60

2 21 42

30 10 22 220 3 20 60

2 21 42

10 22 220

Totals 18 $388 13 $266 15 $322

ITEM 127B UNITS COST PRICE

Jan. 2 Inventory 10 $20

4 Sale 7 $30

10 Purchase 8 21

22 Sale 4 31

28 Sale 2 32

30 Purchase 10 22

10

$ $


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Fifo Periodic

200 units @ $9

300 units @ $10

400 units @ $11

100 units @ $121,000 units available

for sale during

year

$10,400

= $1,800 Jan. 1

= 3,000 Mar. 10

= 4,400 Sept. 21

= 1,200 Nov. 18

Sold these 200

Sold these 300

Sold 200 of these200 units @ $11

= $ 0 Jan. 2

= 0 Mar. 10

= 2,200 Sept. 21

$ 3,400

Ending inventory

Hitung fisik 31 Des: 700 unit

terjual. FIFO: Unit pertama

yang dibeli itu yang pertama

dijual. Dimulai 2 Jan.

unit per unit $ Total $

200 9 1.800 Jan-02

300 10 3.000 Mar-10

400 11 4.400 Sep-21

100 12 1.200 Nov-18

Jumlah 1.000 unit tersedia 10.400

utk dijual

Terjual separuh?

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Cost of merchandise available for sale $10,400

Less ending inventory 3,400

Cost of merchandise sold $ 7,000

Fifo Periodic

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Jan. 1

200 units at $9

Summary of Fifo Periodic

Mar. 10

300 units at $10

Sep. 21

400 units at $11

Nov. 18

100 units at $12

$1,800

$3,000

$4,400

$1,200

Purchases

Merchandise

Availablefor Sale$1,800

$3,000

$2,200

Cost ofMerchandise

Sold200 units at $9

$10,400$2,200

$1,200

$7,000

MerchandiseInventory

$3,400

300 units at $10

200 units at $11

200 units at $11

100 units at $121,000 units

700 units

300 units

13

it it $ T t l $


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200 units @ $9

300 units @ $10

400 units @ $11

100 units @ $121,000 units available

for sale during

year

Lifo Periodic

Sold these 100

Sold these 400

Sold 200 of these100 units @ $10

= $1,800 Jan. 1

= 3,000 Mar. 10

= 4,400 Sept. 21

= 1,200 Nov. 18

$10,400

0

0

1,000

Ending Inventory

$2,800


200 9 1.800 Jan-02

300 10 3.000 Mar-10

400 11 4.400 Sep-21

100 12 1.200 Nov-18


utk dijual

Hitung fisik 31 Des: 700 unit

terjual. LIFO: Unit terkini

yang dibeli itu yang pertama

dijual.

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Cost of merchandise available for sale $10,400

Less ending inventory 2,800


Lifo Periodic

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Jan. 1

200 units at $9

Summary of Lifo Periodic

Mar. 10

300 units at $10

Sep. 21

400 units at $11

Nov. 18

100 units at $12

$1,800

$3,000

$4,400

$1,200

$1,800

$1,000

Cost ofMerchandise

Sold

200 units at $9

$10,400

$4,400

$1,200

$2,800

$7,600

100 units at $10

200 units at $10

400 units at $11

100 units at $12

$2,000

700 units

1,000 units

300 units

Purchases

Merchandise

Availablefor Sale$1,800

Cost ofMerchandise Sold

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Cost of merchandise available for sale $10,400Less ending inventory ($10.40 x 300) 3,120


atau 700 unit terjual x $10.40 =

$7,280.

Average Cost Periodic


200 9 1.800 Jan-02

300 10 3.000 Mar-10

400 11 4.400 Sep-21

100 12 1.200 Nov-18


utk dijual

The average cost periodic method is

based on the average cost of identical

units.... $10.400/1.000 = $10.40 per unit

Hitung fisik 31 Des:

700 unit terjual

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Valuation of Inventory at

Lower-of-Cost-or-Market

A 400 $10.25 $ 9.50 $ 4,100 $ 3,800 $ 3,800

B 120 22.50 24.10 2,700 2,892 2,700

C 600 8.00 7.75 4,800 4,650 4,650

D 280 14.00 14.75 3,920 4,130 3,920

Total 15,520 15,472 15,070

Unit Unit

Inventory Cost Market Total Total Lower

Item Quantity Price Price Cost Market C or M

The market decline based on individual items

($15,520 – $15,070) = $450

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Metro-Arts

Balance SheetDecember 31, 2013

Assets

Current assets:

Cash $ xx

Accounts receivable $xx

Less allowance for

doubtful accounts xx xxMerchandise inventory

at lower of cost (first-in,

first-out method) or market xx

Presentation of Merchandise Inventory

on the Balance Sheet

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Tugas 1

20

Hitung nilai persediaan akhir Juni dan HPP dengan asumsiFIFO, LIFO baik dengan pencatatan perpetual maupun periodik(unit akhir 1,200)!

June 02 Beginning inventory: 600 units @ $5 each

June 10 Sales: 400 units @ $12 eachJune 11 Purchases: 1,600 units @ $6

June 15 Sales: 1,000 units @ 12.50

June 20 Purchases: 1,000 units @ $6.50

June 27 Sales: 600 units @ $13.50

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1- ch09 Inventory edit ALTAF ringkas.pdf

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