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Civics Principles &Citizenship
Vocab Civics and Citizenship
1. Civics2. Citizen3. Government4. Values5. Popular
Sovereignty6. Institution7. Immigrant8. Naturalization9. Alien
10. Public Policy11. Democracy12. Authoritarian13. Monarchy14. Totalitarian15. Republic16. Direct democracy17. Representative
Democracy18. Federalism19. Majority Rule
What is Civics?
Civics – study of citizenship, government & the rights and duties of citizens
Citizen – member of a community with government and laws that has certain rights & responsibilities
Class Question: Why do you think it is important to know about your gov’t, and your rights and duties as citizens?
Citizens
Vote for national, state & local officials
Join political parties & interest groups to express views
Government is put in place by the people to serve the people
Paths to Citizenship
Birth – born in the U.S. boundaries including territories (jus soli – law of soil) or your parents are U.S. citizens (jus sanguinis – law of blood)o Only kids born of foreign diplomats
that the US has no jurisdiction over are not considered U.S. citizens
Naturalization – process by which foreigners can become citizens
Other types of people in the U.S.
Alien – person from another country living in the U.S. who has not become a citizen – can be legal or illegal
Immigrant – An alien who permanently moves to a new country – there is a quota
Dual Citizenship – a citizen of two countries. Occurs when a child is born outside US boundaries and has only one parent that is a US citizen
Illegal Aliens
People in the country without permission from the U.S. government
Cannot legally hold a job in the U.S. If found, they will be deported
Immigration & Customs Enforcement (ICE - ) investigates cases
2003 formation of Dept. of Homeland Security. Now part of the ICE
Still pay taxes – sales tax, income, payroll, property
Illegal Aliens
Legal Aliens
Lives are similar to U.S. citizen Must obey U.S. laws & pays taxes Cannot vote in elections or run for
office Cannot work most government jobs
or serve on a jury Some eventually become U.S.
citizens
Naturalization Process
Naturalization Process – where an alien becomes a U.S. citizen Declaration of Intent – intends to become
a U.S. citizen Take citizenship classes Take citizenship test – in English Background check Ceremony & Oath in court
All children of the naturalized citizen under 18 get automatic citizenship
Oath of Allegiance
"I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I will bear arms on behalf of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform noncombatant service in the Armed Forces of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform work of national importance under civilian direction when required by the law; and that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; so help me God."
Naturalization Activity
You will now be given a sample of questions that are on the naturalization test. How many did you get right?
Oath of Allegiance Remember you must give up your old
allegiance to your former country
Restrictions on Immigration Quota – the U.S. restricts the amount
of immigrants that come into the country every year
Legal Immigration & Revision Act – 1990 Increased the quota of immigrants
allowed to enter the U.S. (about 675,000 per year)
Gave special considerations to those with needed job skills
Immigration to the US by Decade
School House Rock Clip
Class Discussion: What does it mean that America is a melting pot?
Where did your ancestors come from?
What things in America have we adopted from immigrants?
The Melting Pot that is Our Country
Diversity We live in a diverse
society We are a nation of
immigrants National Motto
E Pluribus Unum – Out of many we become one – shows our diversity
Slavery & segregation go against this concept
Principles of American Democracy
Rule of Law Everyone has to follow the rules
Limited Government Government is limited by the people.
WE decide how powerful it can get. Consent of the Governed
Citizens = Power Individual Rights
Government protects rights. Ex. Bill of Rights
Representative Government We elect leaders to govern us and
make laws
Nation of Immigrants
Other Important Civic Terms
Patriotism – love for one’s country Nationalism – extreme devotion to
one’s country – can give rise to feelings of abhorrence to other nationalities
Terrorism – using violence to achieve political goals
Oklahoma City Bombing 4/19/95
Presidential System – system like ours where the President is the leader
Parliamentary System – system like the U.K. where the prime minister is the leader – this is the most common
What is a government and what does it do?Government – the power that
rules a country or community Makes laws, provides services,
keeps order & guides the community (public policy)
Services include armed forces, police, fire department, schools, hospitals & road construction
Governments make laws & enforce them
Courts are established to decide truth & justice
What happens when there isn’t a government?
Anarchy – a state of lawlessness, without rules or order
Class Question: What would life be like if we didn’t have rules?
Thomas Hobbes on Government English
philosopher
Wrote about the need to have government because people are naturally bad
Survival of the fittest – we act as animals
Class Question: Do you think humans naturally bad?
Aristotle’s 3 types of Government
Aristotle Ancient Greek philosopher, student of Plato and
teacher of Alexander the Great Identified 3 types of government
1. Dictatorship Rule by a small group or a single person Leaders have complete control over laws &
government & therefore over citizens Ancient example: Julius Caesar
2. Oligarchy Rule by few. Ancient example: Sparta
3. Democracy Rule by many (citizens). Ancient example: Athens
Modern Types of Government
Modern political scientists group them differently – Authoritarian and Democracy
Authoritarian
Power held by a person or group that is not accountable to the people
3 types Absolute Monarchy – King with
unlimited power Dictatorship – person who takes power
by force – likely to control police & military
Totalitarian – state run media – control all aspects of citizens lives.
Absolute Monarchy
Dictatorship
Totalitarian
Democracy
Rulers are accountable to its citizens
Usually includes many rulers
Usually limited by a constitution
Allows people to voice opinions by voting or participating in government
2 types of Democracy
The Two Types of Democracy
Constitutional Monarchy King whose power is limited by a
constitution Republic
Leaders do not inherit positions but are chosen by the people
2 types▪ Direct Democracy – people have the power
to write laws & rule – established in Athens▪ Indirect or Representative Democracy –
citizens elect lawmakers allowing citizens to hold power over the lawmakers – ex. United States
Government Analogies Directions – You will create analogies to
enhance your understanding of various forms of government. To do this, think about the key characteristics of a particular type pf government then think of another thing that has those same qualities.
Type of gov’t is like a Analogy Explanation/Characteristic
both have in common
PICTURE
Example
Dictatorship is like a game of “Simon Says.” In “Simon Says” the people do exactly what Simon tells them to do. In a dictatorship a single individual has absolute power.