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Contra Costa Football Officials Association
New Officials TrainingSession No. 2
Basic Definitions / The Anatomy of a Play /Working with the Chains
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 2
Today’s Agenda Session 1 Quiz, Discussion and Review Basic Definitions for the New Official (Rule 2)
Fundamentals – The Scrimmage Formation Pre-Snap (Rule 7-1 and 7-2)
Working with the Chains etc Line Up, Encroachment, False Start,
Motion/Shifts Rules, Mechanics, Keys, Signals
What down is it? First Downs Rules, Mechanics, Keys, Signals
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 3
Session 1 Quiz Discussion and Review
Pregame Duties Video
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 4
BASIC DEFINITIONSRule 2
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 5
Basic Definitions
Neutral Zone, Line of Scrimmage Dead Ball, Live Ball Catch, Recovery, Touching Fumble, Muff Scrimmage Kick, Free Kick Passing, Handing, Batting Player Possession, Team Possession Ready for Play Rules, Mechanics, Keys, Signals
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 6
Neutral Zone , Lines of Scrimmage
Neutral Zone (2-28) 10 yard separation between R and K on free kick “Width of the ball” and across the field during a
scrimmage down
Lines of Scrimmage (2-25) Vertical planes on either side of the neutral zone
during a scrimmage down You are “on the line” essentially if you are within one
yard of the line of scrimmage
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 7
Dead Ball, Live Ball Dead Ball (2-1-1)
A ball not in play; essentially the interval between downs
Seldom does the official’s whistle kill the ball – it is already dead by rule when the whistle blows
No live ball foul causes the ball to become dead
Live ball (2-1-2) A ball that is in play Becomes live when it is legally snapped Becomes live moment it is legally kicked on a kickoff
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 8
Catch, Recovery, Touching
Catch (2-4) Gaining possession of a live ball in flight and First contacting the ground in bounds while maintaining
possession of the ball Recovery (2-36)
Gaining possession of a live ball after it strikes the ground and First contacting the ground in bounds while maintaining
possession of the ball Touching (2-44)
Any contact with a live ball Either touching it or being touched by it Touching always precedes possession
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 9
Fumble, Muff
Fumble (2-18) Loss of Player Possession other than by handing,
passing or a legal kick
Muff (2-27) Touching of a loose ball in an unsuccessful attempt to
secure possession
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 10
Scrimmage Kick, Free Kick Scrimmage Kick (2-24-4)
Legal Kick from in or behind the neutral zone Can be place kick, punt or drop kick
Free Kick (2-24-3) A “Kickoff” putting ball in play:
• To start the half
• After a score (TD, FG, Safety)
• After a fair catch (don’t worry about that)
Must be a place kick or drop kick (for kickoff after a safety may be a punt)
“A kick is a kick” until a player secures possession (catch or recovery)
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 11
Passing, Handing, Batting Passing (2-31)
Throwing a ball The ball must travel in flight Forward vs. Backward Passes
Handing (2-19) Transferring possession to a teammate without ball
traveling in flight Forward vs. Backward handing
Batting (2-2) Intentionally slapping or striking the ball with the arm
or hand
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 12
Player vs. Team Possession
Player Possession (2-34-1) A live ball held or controlled by a player Player in possession of the ball is the “Runner”
Team Possession (2-34-2) Ball in player possession One that is loose following loss of player possession A live ball is always in possession of one of the teams
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 13
Ready for Play (2-35)
Occurs when the Referee signals (chop / whistle) that the ball may now be put in play
Start of the 25 second count Start of various restrictions on position and
movement of the players
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 14
FIELD WORK
Pre-snap signaling
Working with Chains
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 15
ON FIELD WORK
Chain Crew Accident Another Chain Crew Accident Chain Gang Video 1
Pre-snap signaling Chain practice
Fundamentals The Scrimmage Formation –
Pre-SnapRule 7-1 & 7-2
EncroachmentFalse Start
Getting Set, Shifts & Motion
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 17
The Fundamentals of the Scrimmage Formation; Pre-
Snap Everyone Verify Correct Down
• Hand up until Ready for Play showing down• Move to other finger at RFP
Umpire Count Defense Every Down & Signal to Referee
• If 11 - Fist• If 10 – spread fingers; hands on chest• If 12 – count again; then penalty
Flanks Position yourself outside the sideline Mark Offensive Scrimmage Line “my foot is the line” Widest Receiver – On or Off? / Signal to other flank
• If both off; count backfield – no more than 4
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 18
Encroachment
Rule After RFP no A or B player may be in neutral zone Immediate foul no “getting back” Youth and early in season – Use some judgment
Mechanic Throw flag, blow whistle, signal timeout, come down line to
report to Referee Primarily Flanks’ call; U has wrong perspective
Key = Snapper to your sideline Off & Def Signal & Subtleties
Throw flag up and slightly towards side of line of team that fouled
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 19
False Start
Rule Applies only to A After a player Is set he can make no motion simulating a snap A “down lineman” once down is “locked down”
Mechanic Throw flag, blow whistle, signal time out, come down line to
report to Referee Keys
Flanks (snapper to sideline, wideouts) U (Interior line, primarily snapper to opposite tackle)
Signal & Subtleties Flank - Throw flag up and slightly towards A side of line Umpire – Toss flag underhand to feet of player who fouled
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 20
Is it Encroachment or a False Start?
Come in to center to discuss with crew Must establish which happened first – that is
what it is
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 21
Getting Set, Shift, Motion
Rule: After RFP and after each shift at some point prior to the snap all
A players must be simultaneously motionless for 1 second Shift = two players moving at same time At snap only one player can be in motion and that motion must
not be forward Mechanic
NOT a foul until the snap Key
R, HL, LJ all can call illegal shift Illegal motion – HL, LJ take motion away from them NOT the umpire’s call
Subtlety Throw flag up, let play go and continue to officiate
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 22
First Downs & Measurements
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 23
Mechanics for First Down
Line Judge: Signal Time out (Twice) Point downfield “hand on chest” to indicate 1st down gained Shout “Close” if it is too close to call and Referee will come up to
line and make decision Referee will:
Decide to measure or not Give first down signal
Head Linesman Only after Referee signals should chains be moved Mark spot of back chain with foot – back stake is at front tip of
the ball Have clip attached to “the back of the closest line” Chains to be set 6 feet off sidelines
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 24
MeasurementsFour Person Crew – Head
Linesman Pre-Measurement
Down marker to front stake – show “old” down Grasp chain and clip Escort crew onto the field
The Measurement Place clip where indicated by LJ Hold firmly and say “ready”
Post-Measurement If NOT a first down
• Holding clip and chain escort crew to sideline and reset• Move box to correct spot and show correct down
If a first down• You can release clip and chain and move to sideline to reset chain
as any first down
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 25
MeasurementsFour Person Crew – Line Judge Pre-Measurement
Set bean bag at appropriate marked line directly up field from ball
The Measurement Observe players – everyone else is focused on
measurement
Post-Measurement Double check HL positioning of chains Double check down
July 9, 2011 Anatomy of a Play 26
MeasurementsFour Person Crew – Umpire
Pre-Measurement Set bean bag at front tip of ball Hold ball steady
The Measurement Take front stake and when HL says “ready” slowly stretch chain
so that it is along ball Allow Referee a clear sight path to make call Hand Stake back to chain crew member
Post-Measurement Double check HL positioning of chains Double check down