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Coordination during acute isobaric hypoxia without exercise
corresponding to altitudes until 4500 m
Marius Schwager (sports science student),Dr. Sonja Claus (medic),
Dr. Hermann Claus (medic), Prof. i. R. Dr. H.-V. Ulmer (physiologist)
Institute for sports science, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
4th international Symposium:“High altitude influence on human performance: science and praxis” – Bohinjska Bela (Slovenia)
Sept. 8-13, 2009
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• mountaineering in high altitude has lots of consequences for human body
• metabolic aspects/physical fatigue are analyzed well
• previous study (BURKHARDT 2007) underlines that: - motor aspects are not well analyzed for
moderate altitudes- hypoxia might influence coordination
• high altitudes above ~4000 m: strong effect on body and central nervous system
introduction, aims, methods, results, diskussion, conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
introduction
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• show influence of hypoxia on motor aspects• focus on „touristical height“ until 4500 m (europe,
alps)• show progress from low heights to medium
heights (2500-4500 m)• exclude metabolic aspects/physical fatigue• use task-typical tests
Introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
aims
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9 subjects 5 female, 4 male, (students with inconspicuous Hb-values)
introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
• sitting in a chair in front of table • performing 2 tests after a pretest-training until plateau
values• use of breathing mask: simulating hypoxia via O2-reduction• simulating practical-relevant tasks for mountaineering:
1) handling a rope2) handling snap hooks
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
methods
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
1) test: handling a rope
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
2) test: handling snap hooks
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
• isobaric hypoxia was generated (Hypoxico, USA), for 10 min, each
• 4 levels: low level: “0 m” (= niveau of Mainz), 2500 m, 3500 m and 4500 m
• systematically changing order • one repetition and a control series (“0 m” low level).
• Measurements of: • needed test-time (accuracy: 0.2 s) • inspiratory O2-concentration• heart rate (fingerclip oxymeter) • Hb-saturation (fingerclip oxymeter)
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
No principle problems during the alltogether 45 experiments
with the 9 subjects
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
results
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
sD 1.2 1.7 1.8 2.4 1.5
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
sD 3.4 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.4
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
relative average difference of needed test-time in relation to averaged 0 m (pre- + posttest)
2500 m 3500 m 4500 mhandling rope 7 % 7 % 15 %
handling snap hooks 5 % 7 % 13 %
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
discussion
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
test: handling a rope
< median > median
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
10
15
20
time
(s)
VP2
VP3
VP5
VP7
10,0
15,0
20,0
time
(s)
VP1
VP4
VP8
VP9
median split
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
median split (2)
relative average difference of needed test-time: 4500 m - average 0 m
rope snap hooks
> median 22 % 17 %
< median 7 % 9 %
median 14 % 14 %
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
• regarding means of test-times: • no influence of training effects• (continuous) increase from 2500 m – 4500 m• effect of hypoxia measurable after 10 min of exposition,
each level• allover only a very light effect
the coordination is only lightly affected by hypoxia
• some individuals are higher affected then others depending on personal disposition
• some subjects had problems with handling snap hooks and rope add measurement: “movement quality”________________________________________________________
Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
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• only very light effect of hypoxia on coordination until 4500 m while rest (no physical action)
• some individuals more affected then others coordinative influence depending distincly on
personal disposition
• stronger negative effect on coordination might be possible
add intensive physical exercise
introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
final conclusions
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introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009
Thanks for your attention
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Literature1. BEITZEL, K. (2006): Auswirkungen hypobarer Hypoxie auf die Reaktionsfähigkeit im Alter, Dissertation, Hohe Medizinische Fakultät, Bonn, http://hss.ulb.uni-bonn.de/diss_online/med_fak/2006/beitzel_knut. 2. BURKHARDT, T. (2007): Der Einfluss des Sauerstoffmangels auf die Koordination bzw. Technik beim Bergsport. Diplomarbeit, Institut für Sportwissenschaft Mainz, abstract under: http://www.uni-mainz.de/FB/Sport/physio/pdffiles/BURKHARDT_DiplKurzf_XI-07.pdf.3. ELSNER, D., HAASE, J. (2000): Bergsport-Handbuch, Reinbek bei Hamburg.4. MEINEL, K., SCHNABEL, G. (2008). Bewegungslehre – Sportmotorik, Aachen.
introduction, aims, methods, results, discussion, final conclusion
________________________________________________________Schwager et al.: Coordination under Hypoxia, 4th Symposium, 2009