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David Oglesby & Karen Sacre
Defense Language Institute
English Language Center
Transcending Transcending Cultural DifferencesCultural Differences
Lexicon (vocabulary)
Syntax (grammar)
Segmental Phonemes (individual sounds)
Suprasegmental phonemes (stress, intonation, plus juncture)
Paralanguage (kinesics, proxemics)
Culture Is Evident in…
Lexicon NW Canada: 13 terms for snow
Nigeria: 3 basic colors + B/W
Syntax
Exclusive/Inclusive “We”
Formal/Informal “You”
Phonology
Tones dependent on addressee
Examples
DLIELC’s Dual Challenge
Familiarization with American Culture
Cross-Cultural Awareness
American Culture
Field Studies Program for all studentsCultural Notes in the ALCSpecific lessons/ modules for international instructor courses
Any Given Day…
70-80 countries
on campus
6-10 countries in a class
Potential for …
For DLIELC Teachers
Pre-Service Training (PST)
In-Service Training (IST)
Pre-Deployment
For DLIELC Students
Cross-Cultural Awareness
Please write your full name.
How long did it take you?
How much conscious thought did you put in to it?
What adjectives would you use to describe the experience?
Now do exactly the same task again . . .
How long did it take you?
How much conscious thought did you put in to it?
What adjectives would you use to describe the experience?
but with the other hand . . .
and please write backwards.
Demographics 38% of ESL-related employees have chosen
spouses from 33 cultures
Pre-Service Training - Theories Universalism versus particularism
Neutral versus emotional
Achievement versus ascription
Tolerance of ambiguity
High vs Low Context
Pre-Service Training - Scenarios
DLIELC Teachers
Conversational Styles
Bowling
Basketball
Rugby
Developed by Susan Steinbach
Fluent American English video “Conversational Style in the
USA” Steps 1 - 12
In-Service Training
Appreciation and respect for other cultures
Multi-Cultural Classes
For DLIELC Students
New Student Briefing
Monday Morning Briefing
Specialized English Courses
International Instructor Training
Cross-Cultural Awareness
1. Respect your fellow students.2. Be polite; say “Please” & “Thank you”.3. Call people by their rank/title & last name.4. Be open-minded towards others’ opinions.5. Ask relevant questions.6. Pay attention to classmates.7. Assist others.8. Give instructors your full attention. 9. Always speak English.10.Arrive on time to class.
PunctualityShowing esteem for other people and
their time.Be at the right place at the right time.
Prepare for unexpected delays.
Do your work ahead of time.
Plan a daily schedule and stick to it.
Latecomers are reported.
15+ minutes is an absence!
That means in the classroom, not the hallway!
Aviate, Navigate, Communicate
Military Supply and Logistics
Specialized Academics Military Discussion Skills
Military Speaking/Writing Skills
Specialized Group Academics
Service specific modules
Specialized Classes
Composite Identity
= L1 (Arabic)
= Gender (Male)
= Education (University)
= Nationality (Saudi)
= Family (Eldest Son)
= Religion (Islam)
= L2 (English)
= Job (Pilot)
= Age (30s)
= Sociability (Outgoing)
Basic Instructor Course Integrated into Methodology
20 hours
INTRO to ALC Culture Seminar
110 hours (including tours)
Management Course Component
20 hours
International Instructors
Definition of Culture
Elements of Culture
Cultural Priorities / Values
Cultural Influences in Human Transactions
Cultural Factors in Language
Cultural Factors in Education and
Training
Cross-Cultural Topics
Topics of Interest / Taboos
Perceptions of Time
Styles of Negotiation
Attitude towards Individualism
Proxemics
Kinesics
Culture Shock
Facets of Interaction
Cultural Questionnaire
Written materials
Observation assignments
Videos /audio recordings
Teacher-led discussions on cross- cultural awareness
Student-led seminars on American
culture
Materials / Methodology
Native Americans / Immigrants
Geography / Exploration
Government / Political System
History / Economy / Jobs
Holidays / National Identity
Family / Education / Moral Codes
Arts / Sports / Recreation
Lifestyles / Environment / Health
American Culture Topics
DLIELC Vision Statement
A world-class language institute… Building bridges
through communication and peace through
understanding… Shaping tomorrow’s future
today.