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1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous -...

Date post: 15-Jan-2016
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Tissues
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Page 1: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Tissues

Page 2: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

1. Epithelial – covering & lining2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement4. Nervous - control

4 Primary Tissue Types

Page 3: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Epithelial Tissue

Page 4: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

1. Protection2. Secretion3. Absorption4. Filtration

Functions

Page 5: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

1. Composed of sheets of closely packed cells

cells are often strongly connected via tight junctions and desmosomes

Characteristics

• Tight junctions are common in lining of the stomach & intestines. Why?

• Desmosomes are common in the epidermis. Why?

Page 6: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Look at the cartoon below (it represents the epithelium that lines much of your respiratory tract) . Do you see much space between these cells? Now look at the actual slide and notice the same thing.

Page 7: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

2. Has polar sides Apical Surface

– side open to exterior or body cavity

Basal surface – rests on a basement membrane of connective tissue

Page 8: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

3. Avascular – no blood vessels Depends on diffusion of

nutrients from underlying tissues

4. Has the capacity to regenerate

Page 9: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

1. number of cell layers Simple – 1 layer Stratified – more than 1

layer

2. shape of cells in the apical layer

Squamous – flat, scale-like

Cuboidal – cube-like Columnar – column-like

Classification

Page 10: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Alveoli – air sacs of

lungs Kidney Endothelium – lining of

heart and blood vessels

1. Simple Squamous Epithelium

Functions Rapid diffusion FiltrationIn peneumonia, a build-up of

mucous can increase the distance that the gases move. Why does this make it “harder to breathe?”

Page 11: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Liver Pancreas Most glands Kidney tubules

2. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Functions Absorption Secretion

Page 12: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Inner linings of:

GI TractGallbladderUterus & uterine

tubes

3. Simple Columnar Epithelium

Functions Absorption & Secretion

Intestines; Microvilli increase S.A. Movement of egg & embryo

Cilia Secretion of mucous

by Goblet cells

Page 13: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Epidermis of skin

Keratinized – filled with keratin

Lining ofOral cavityTongue surfaceEsophagusVagina & anal canal

4. Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Functions Protection

Page 14: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Which is & is not keratinized?

Page 15: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Sweat gland ducts Ovarian follicle – cells

surrounding egg

5. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Functions Secretion

Sweat Ovarian hormones

To the left, we have an oocyte (egg cell) surrounded by stratified cuboidal epithelium. The oocyte is circled in blue

Page 16: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Rare Large ducts of sweat

and salivary glands

6. Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Functions Structure

Page 17: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Respiratory tract from

nasal cavity to bronchiCiliatedGoblet cells

7. Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Functions Mucous traps dust &

bacteria Cilia sweep debris

away from lungs

Page 18: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Here, we have pathogens traveling down the pharynx trying to attack the surface cells. How can they be repelled???

Page 19: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

The mucosal cells lining the trachea have released a flood of mucus, trapping the pathogens! Now what???

Page 20: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

The cilia successfully sweep the pathogens up and away!

Page 21: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Smoking paralyzes the cilia so they have to cough violently to expel mucous

..Then they die!

Why do smokers cough?

Page 22: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Urinary tract

8. Transitional Epithelium

Functions Stretches to allow

filling of urinary organs

Page 23: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Pancreas Stomach Sweat glands Salivary glands Mammary glands Oil glands Goblet cells

9. Exocrine GlandsFunctions Secrete material into

ducts that lead to a tract or body surface

Page 24: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Locations Thyroid Thymus Pituitary Adrenal Testes Ovaries

10. Endocrine GlandsFunctions Secrete hormones into

the bloodstream where they travel to other cells

Page 25: 1. Epithelial – covering & lining 2. Connective – support 3. Muscle - movement 4. Nervous - control.

Easy Epithelium Review


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