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Habitat Agenda and MDG, Habitat Agenda and MDG, Goals, Chapters & Goals, Chapters & IndicatorsIndicators
Gora Mboup, Chief Global Urban Observatory
“All partners of the Habitat Agenda, including local authorities, the private sector and communities, should regularly monitor and evaluate their own performances in the implementation of the Habitat Agenda through comparable human settlements and shelter indicators and documented best practices“ [240]
Monitoring the Habitat AgendaMonitoring the Habitat Agenda
Habitat Agenda: chapters, goals and indicators
Chapters
• 1 Shelter• 2 Social development • 3 Environmental management• 4 Economic development• 5 Governance
Habitat Agenda Goals1. Shelter 2. Social development
and eradication of poverty
3. Environmental Management
4. Economic Development
5. Governance
Promote the right to adequate housing
Provide equal opportunities for a safe and healthy life
Promote geographically-balanced settlement structures
Strengthen small and micro-enterprises, particularly those developed by women
Promote decentralisation and strengthen local authorities
Provide security of tenure
Promote social integration and support disadvantaged groups
Manage supply and demand for water in an effective manner
Encourage PPP and stimulate productive employment opportunities
Encourage and support participation and civic engagement
Provide equal access to credit
Promote gender equality in human settlements development
Reduce urban pollution Ensure transparent, accountable and efficient governance
Provide equal access to land
Prevent disasters and rebuild settlements
Promote access to basic services
Promote effective and environmentally sound transportation systems
Support mechanisms to prepare and implement local environmental plans and local Agenda 21 initiatives
Global Urban Indicators(Methodology)
Chapter
1 Shelter
Goal(s)
1. Promote the right to adequate housing2. Provide security of tenure3. Provide equal access to land 4. Promote equal access to credit5. Promote access to basic services
Indicator (s)
Indicator 1. Durable StructuresIndicator 2. OvercrowdingQualitative data: right to adequate housingExtensive Indicator: house price and rent / income
The Global Urban Indicators Database
• GUID 1• 1993 data
• 46 key indicators• 237 Cities
• GUID 2• 1998 data
• 23 key indicators• 242 Cities
• GUID 3• 2003 data
• 20 key indicators• 353 Cities
A five year production cycle
The Global Urban Indicators Database
• GUID 3• 2003 data
• 20 key indicators• 353 Cities
• GUID 2008• Years prior to 2008
20+Key indicators1000+ cities
• GUID 2010• Years prior to 2010
• 20+key indicators• 1000+ cities
A two year production cycle
AsiaOceania
563millions
LatinAmerica & Caribbean
40cities
Sub-Saharan Africa40 cities
Europe40 cities
Other Developed 40 cities
World360 cities
Eastern Asia40 cities
North Africa40 cities South Central Asia
40 cities
South Eastern Asia40 cities
Western Asia40 cities
Global sample of 360 cities Worldwide representative40 cities per UN region
Habitat Agenda: chapters, goals and indicators
• 1 Shelter• 2 Social development • 3 Environmental
management• 4 Economic development• 5 Governance
20 key indicators + 9 check-list + 13 extensive indicators
GUID 3
Chapter/ Habitat Agenda goals
Indicators Cluster
1. Shelter
Promote the right to adequate housing
Key indicator 1: durable structures Key indicator 2: overcrowding check-list 1: right to adequate housing extensive indicator 1: housing price and rent-to-income
CensusCensus
Provide security of tenure
Key indicator 3: secure tenure extensive indicator 2: authorized housing extensive indicator 3: evictions
Census
Provide equal access to credit
check-list 2: housing finance
Provide equal access to land
extensive indicator 4: land price-to-income
Habitat Agenda Indicators
Chapter/ Habitat Agenda goals
Indicators Cluster
Promote access to basic services
Key indicator 4: access to safe water Key indicator 5: access to improved sanitationKey indicator 6: connection to services
Census
CensusCensus
2. Social development and eradication of poverty
Provide equal opportunities for a safe and healthy life
Key indicator 7: under-five mortality Key indicator 8: homicidescheck-list 3: urban violence extensive indicator 5: HIV prevalence
Census
Promote social integration and support disadvantaged groups
Key indicator 9: poor households Census
Promote gender equality in human settlements development
Key indicator 10: literacy rates check-list 4: gender inclusion extensive indicator 6: school enrolment extensive indicator 7: women councilors
Census
Census
Habitat Agenda Indicators
Chapter/ Habitat Agenda goals
Indicators Cluster
3. Environmental Management
Promote geographically-balanced settlement structures
Key indicator 11: urban population growth Key indicator 12: planned settlements
Census
Census
Manage supply and demand for water in an effective manner
Key indicator 13: price of water extensive indicator 8: water consumption
Reduce urban pollution Key indicator 14: wastewater treated Key indicator 15: solid waste disposal extensive indicator 9: regular solid waste collection
CensusCensus
Prevent disasters and rebuild settlements
check-list 5: disaster prevention and mitigation instruments extensive indicator 10: houses in hazardous locations
Census
Habitat Agenda Indicators
Chapter/ Habitat Agenda goals
Indicators Cluster
Promote effective and environmentally sound transportation systems
Key indicator 16: travel time extensive indicators 11: transport modes
Support mechanisms to prepare and implement local environmental plans and local Agenda 21 initiatives
check-list 6: local environmental plans
Census
4. Economic Development
Strengthen small and micro-enterprises, particularly those developed by women
Key indicator 17: informal employment Census
Encourage public-private sector partnership and stimulate productive employment opportunities
Key indicator 18: city product Key indicator 19: unemployment Census
Habitat Agenda Indicators
Chapter/ Habitat Agenda goals
Indicators Cluster
5. Governance
Promote decentralisation and strengthen local authorities
Key indicator 20: local government revenue Check-list 7: decentralization
Encourage and support participation and civic engagement
Check-list 8: citizens participationextensive indicator 12: voters participation extensive indicator 13: civic associations
Ensure transparent, accountable and efficient governance of towns, cities and metropolitan areas
Check-list 9: transparency and accountability
Habitat Agenda Indicators
In the aftermath of the Millennium Declaration in September 2000, UN-HABITAT has the added responsibility to report on the “significant improvement in the lives of slum dwellers”, Target 7D, of the Millennium Declaration Goals (MDG)
MDGs Goal 7 Target 7D “Slum target”
• Lack of slum definition and concepts
• Lack of slum data and indicators
• Not included in most MDG country report
Slum : until 2002, no internationally agreed definitions, concepts and method of computation
UN-HABITAT organized a gathering of experts and other stakeholders from around the globe, to reach to an agreement on the universal definition of slums, in Nairobi, 28-30 October 2002.
Expert Group meeting 2002
The Expert Group Meeting (EGM) was a major consensus building exercise on the definition of slums, which enabled, the measurable articulation of the meta-global indicators, indicators and sub-indicators of each concept.
Expert Group meeting 2002
In urban area, a slum household is considered to be a group of individuals living under the same roof that lack one or more of the below conditions:
• Access to improved water
• Access to improved sanitation
• Access to secure tenure
• Durability of housing
• Sufficient living area
Slum Household Indicators from the EGM
lack of water, lack of sanitation, overcrowded conditions, and non-durable housing structures measure physical expressions of slum conditions. They focus attention on the circumstances that surround slum life, depicting deficiencies and casting poverty as an attribute of the environments in which slum dwellers live. , expressed as a percentage.
Physical expressions of slum
security of tenure – has to do with legality, which is not as easy to measure or monitor, as the tenure status of slum dwellers often depends on de facto or de jure rights – or lack of them. This indicator has special relevance for measuring the denial and violation of housing rights, as well as the progressive fulfillment of these rights.
Legal expression: security of tenure