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II. Sewer Networks and Facilities
Topic II.1. Kinds of Wastewater. General Scheme of Sewerage. Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns)
Sewerage
Definition: A set of pipe networks, facilities and technical measures, aimed at collection, transportation, purification of wastewater from urban, rural or industrial territories and safety discharge it into the receiving water bodies.
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Sewerage Service
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Kinds of Wastewater
Sewer (domestic or sanitary wastewater)
Industrial wastewater
Atmospheric (rain, rainfall) wastewater (runoff)
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Kinds of Wastewater
Sewer (Sanitary Wastewater)
Specific flowrates (norms) - 90 % of specific water supply norms
Sewer regime
Sewer quality Suspended solids (SS) Organic substances - 60 % (BOD5) Inorganic substances - 40 %
Sewer quality - technical slang Grey wastewater - from hygiene water use, washing machines, etc. Black wastewater - from toilets flushes
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Sewer Quality
Sewer Pipe Network as a Biological Reactor
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Kinds of Wastewater
Industrial Wastewater
Specific flowrates (norms) - depend on: Kind of the industry Kind of the industrial technology Kind of the equipment Technological discipline
Industrial wastewater regimes
Industrial wastewater quality Conditionally clean Polluted
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Kinds of Wastewater
Atmospheric (Rain) Wastewater
(Runoff)
Rainfall quantity - depends on climate
Rainfall regime - depends on climate
Rainfall and runoff quality - depends on antophogenic impact
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General Scheme of Sewerage
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General Scheme of Sewerage
Yard sewer network Quarter sewer network
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General Scheme of Sewerage
I, II and III - water sheds (subcatchments); 1 - subcatchments borders; 2 - collectors of second
order; 3 - collectors of first order (submains);; 4 - main (trunk) collector; 5 - sewer pipeline
(external trunk); 7 - pressure sewer pipeline; 8 - wastewater treatment plant (WTP); 9 - sewer
discharge
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Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns)
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Kinds of Sewerage Schemes (Patterns)
Regional Sewerage Pattern