1 IIS and Windows Communication Foundation: Hosting Services Steve Maine COM 413 Program Manager...

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IIS and Windows IIS and Windows Communication Foundation: Communication Foundation: Hosting ServicesHosting Services

Steve MaineSteve MaineCOM 413 COM 413 Program ManagerProgram ManagerMicrosoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation

[email protected]://hyperthink.net/bloghttp://hyperthink.net/blog

mailto:[email protected]

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ServiceHostServiceHost

ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost( typeof( MyService ) );ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost( typeof( MyService ) );

host.AddEndpoint( typeof( IService ), host.AddEndpoint( typeof( IService ), someBinding, someBinding,

someUri );someUri );host.Open();host.Open();

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Hosting EnvironmentHosting Environment

Basic features Basic features Process and AppDomainProcess and AppDomain

ConfigurationConfiguration

Default security contextDefault security context

Sophisticated featuresSophisticated featuresProcess recycling, auto-restartProcess recycling, auto-restart

GUI managementGUI management

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Why You Care About Why You Care About HostingHosting

Non-functional requirementsNon-functional requirementsAvailabilityAvailability

ReliabilityReliability

ManageabilityManageability

Deployment modelDeployment model

Choose the host that meets your Choose the host that meets your needsneeds

WCF programming model won’t WCF programming model won’t changechange

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WCF Hosting OptionsWCF Hosting Options

Self-hostingSelf-hostingAny managed applicationAny managed application

Managed Windows ServicesManaged Windows ServicesAll WCF platformsAll WCF platforms

IIS 5.1 and 6.0IIS 5.1 and 6.0Windows XP and Windows Server 2003Windows XP and Windows Server 2003

Windows Activation Service (WAS)Windows Activation Service (WAS)Windows Vista / “Longhorn” ServerWindows Vista / “Longhorn” Server

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Self-hostingSelf-hosting

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Requires only WinFXRequires only WinFX

Most flexible, fewest hosting featuresMost flexible, fewest hosting features

Common scenario: Connected rich Common scenario: Connected rich clientclient

ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost( typeof( MyService ) );ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost( typeof( MyService ) );

host.AddEndpoint( typeof( IService ), host.AddEndpoint( typeof( IService ), someBinding, someBinding,

someUri );someUri );host.Open();host.Open();

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Managed Windows ServicesManaged Windows Services

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Managed Windows Managed Windows ServicesServices

Self-host API’s + Self-host API’s + System.ServiceProcessSystem.ServiceProcess

using System.ServiceModel;using System.ServiceModel;using using System.ServiceProcessSystem.ServiceProcess;;

public class MyWindowsService : public class MyWindowsService : ServiceBaseServiceBase{{ ServiceHost serviceHost;ServiceHost serviceHost;

public override void OnStart( string[] args )public override void OnStart( string[] args ) {{ this.serviceHost = new ServiceHost( typeof( this.serviceHost = new ServiceHost( typeof( T T ) );) ); this.serviceHost.AddEndpoint( … );this.serviceHost.AddEndpoint( … ); this.serviceHost.Open();this.serviceHost.Open(); } }

public override void OnStop()public override void OnStop() { { this.serviceHost.Close();this.serviceHost.Close(); } }}}

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Managed Windows Managed Windows ServicesServices

Process lifetime controlled by OSProcess lifetime controlled by OS

Start/Stop on SCM commandStart/Stop on SCM command

Managed via SCM toolsManaged via SCM tools

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Hosting In Windows Hosting In Windows ServicesServices

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When To Host In Windows When To Host In Windows ServicesServices

Service lifetime controlled by OSService lifetime controlled by OS

Need to run as a distinct service Need to run as a distinct service identityidentity

Alternative to IISAlternative to IIS

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IIS 5.1 And 6.0IIS 5.1 And 6.0

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What IIS ProvidesWhat IIS Provides

Address ModelAddress ModelSites, Applications, Virtual DirectoriesSites, Applications, Virtual Directories

Process ModelProcess ModelApplication is AppDomain boundaryApplication is AppDomain boundary

AppPool is process boundaryAppPool is process boundary

Health monitoring and recyclingHealth monitoring and recycling

ActivationActivationOn-demand service activation via HTTPOn-demand service activation via HTTP

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WCF Services In IISWCF Services In IIS

““.svc” files.svc” files

Code inline or in App_CodeCode inline or in App_Code

Configuration in web.configConfiguration in web.config

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Code-behind .svc FilesCode-behind .svc Files

<% @Service language=“CS” Class=“MyService” <% @Service language=“CS” Class=“MyService” CodeBehind=“~/App_Code/MyService.cs” %>CodeBehind=“~/App_Code/MyService.cs” %>

<system.serviceModel><system.serviceModel> <services> <services> <service type=“MyService”><service type=“MyService”> <endpoint <endpoint address=“”address=“”

binding=“basicHttpBinding”binding=“basicHttpBinding” contract=“MyContract” > contract=“MyContract” >

</service> </service> </services> </services></system.serviceModel></system.serviceModel>

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<% @Service language=“CS” Class=“MyService” %><% @Service language=“CS” Class=“MyService” %>

using System.ServiceModel;using System.ServiceModel;

[ServiceContract][ServiceContract]public class MyServicepublic class MyService{{ [OperationContract][OperationContract] public string Echo( string message ){ … }public string Echo( string message ){ … }}}

Code-inline .svc FilesCode-inline .svc Files

Configuration in web.configConfiguration in web.config

Changes to service implementation Changes to service implementation compiled dynamicallycompiled dynamically

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<% @Service language=“CS” Class=“CustomHost” %><% @Service language=“CS” Class=“CustomHost” %>

using System.ServiceModel;using System.ServiceModel;

public class CustomHost : ServiceHostpublic class CustomHost : ServiceHost{{ public CustomHost : base( typeof( MyService ) ) {}public CustomHost : base( typeof( MyService ) ) {}

public override void OnInitialize()public override void OnInitialize() {{ this.OnOpen += OnOpenHandler;this.OnOpen += OnOpenHandler; this.OnClose += OnCloseHandler; this.OnClose += OnCloseHandler; } }}}

ServiceHost In .svc FilesServiceHost In .svc Files

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WAS And IIS 7.0WAS And IIS 7.0

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IIS 5IIS 5

HTTPHTTPListenerListener

Process / Config Process / Config ManagerManager

w3svcw3svc

WorkerWorker(AppDomain)(AppDomain)WorkerWorker

(AppDomain)(AppDomain)WorkerWorker(AppDomain)(AppDomain)

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aspnet_wp.exeaspnet_wp.exe

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IIS 6IIS 6

HTTP HTTP

Listener AdapterListener Adapter

Process / ConfigProcess / ConfigManagerManager

W3SVCW3SVC

WorkerWorker(AppDomain)(AppDomain)



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AppPools (w3wp.exe)AppPools (w3wp.exe)

HTTP.SYSHTTP.SYS

User ModeUser Mode

Kernel ModeKernel Mode




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IIS 7 And WASIIS 7 And WAS

Process ManagerProcess ManagerConfigurationConfiguration

WASWAS AppPools (w3wp.exe)AppPools (w3wp.exe)

httphttp net.tcpnet.tcp net.pipenet.pipe net.msmqnet.msmq

Protocol-specific Listener AdaptersProtocol-specific Listener Adapters

w3svcw3svc itcppssitcppss inpasinpas imsmqasimsmqas



Pro

cess

Host

Pro

cess

Host



Pro

cess

Host

Pro

cess

Host



Pro

cess

Host

Pro

cess

Host

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WAS ActivationWAS Activation

WASWASConfigConfig

App PoolApp Pool

AppApp

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WASWASConfigConfig

App PoolApp Pool

AppApp


ConfigConfig

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WASWASConfigConfig

App PoolApp Pool

AppApp


ActivateActivate

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WASWASConfigConfig

Worker ProcessWorker Process

AppAppDomainDomain


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New Architectural PiecesNew Architectural Pieces

Windows Activation Service (WAS)Windows Activation Service (WAS)

Listener AdaptersListener Adapters

Protocol HandlersProtocol Handlers

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WAS In DepthWAS In Depth

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WCF Activation WCF Activation ArchitectureArchitecture

Process ManagerProcess ManagerConfigurationConfiguration

RequestRequest

WASWAS

ResponseResponse



Protocol-specific Listener AdaptersProtocol-specific Listener Adapters




Pro

cess

Host

Pro

cess

Host



Pro

cess

Host

Pro

cess

Host



Pro

cess

Host

Pro

cess

Host

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SummarySummary


Managed NT ServicesManaged NT Services

IIS 5.1 and 6.0IIS 5.1 and 6.0

WAS and IIS 7.0WAS and IIS 7.0

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Community ResourcesCommunity Resources

After PDCAfter PDC

MSDN dev center: MSDN dev center: http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/

MSDN ForumsMSDN Forums

Windows Communication Foundation (“IWindows Communication Foundation (“Indigo”)ndigo”)

Channel 9 tag: Channel 9 tag: http://channel9.msdn.com/tags/Indigohttp://channel9.msdn.com/tags/Indigo

http://hyperthink.net/bloghttp://hyperthink.net/blog

http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/



http://channel9.msdn.com/tags/Indigo

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© 2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary.

Thanks for coming to PDC!Thanks for coming to PDC!

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Listener Adapter InternalsListener Adapter Internals

Network InterfaceNetwork Interface

WAS InterfaceWAS Interface

Dispatch Dispatch TableTable

Listener ChannelsListener Channels

Network TrafficNetwork Traffic

Configuration + ControlConfiguration + Control

ApplicationApplicationMessagesMessages

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Worker Process InternalsWorker Process Internals

w3wp.exe (AppPool)w3wp.exe (AppPool)

Default AppDomainDefault AppDomain

WAS InterfaceWAS InterfaceProcess HostProcess Host

net.tcpnet.tcpPPHPPH

AppManagerAppManager

User AppDomainUser AppDomain

Application CodeApplication Code

net.tcpnet.tcpADPHADPH










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Default AppDomainDefault AppDomain

Service StartupService Startup

w3wp.exe (Default AppPool)w3wp.exe (Default AppPool)


Hosting ManagerHosting Manager

Application ManagerApplication Manager

EnsureServiceAvailable()EnsureServiceAvailable()

ServiceService

ListenerFactoryListenerFactory

ChannelFactoryChannelFactory

new ServiceHost( … )new ServiceHost( … )serviceHost.Open()serviceHost.Open()

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EnsureServiceAvailable()EnsureServiceAvailable()

1) 1) /app/Service.svc /app/Service.svc

->->

<% @Service Class=“MyService” %><% @Service Class=“MyService” %>class MyService {…}class MyService {…}

<% @Service Class=“MyService” <% @Service Class=“MyService” %>%>

class MyService {…}class MyService {…}

Build Build ProviderProvider++ == Compiled Type Compiled Type TT2)2)

3)3)ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost( ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost( T, T, baseAddresses );baseAddresses );host.Open();host.Open();

AddToCache( host );AddToCache( host );

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int main(void)int main(void) {{ int sockfd, new_fd; // listen on sock_fd, new connection on new_fdint sockfd, new_fd; // listen on sock_fd, new connection on new_fd struct sockaddr_in my_addr; // my address informationstruct sockaddr_in my_addr; // my address information struct sockaddr_in their_addr; // connector's address informationstruct sockaddr_in their_addr; // connector's address information int sin_size;int sin_size; struct sigaction sa;struct sigaction sa;

/* Create socket *//* Create socket */ sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); initAddr(&my_addr);initAddr(&my_addr);

bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr);bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr);

/* Listen for incoming connections *//* Listen for incoming connections */ listen(sockfd, BACKLOG);listen(sockfd, BACKLOG);

while(1) { while(1) { sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &sin_size)&sin_size) /* Dispatch connection to worker *//* Dispatch connection to worker */ if (!fork()) { if (!fork()) { doWork( new_fd );doWork( new_fd ); }} close(new_fd); close(new_fd); }} return 0;return 0; } }

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Simple Socket ServerSimple Socket Server

ListenerListenerSocket.Accept()Socket.Accept()

DispatcherDispatcherQueueUserWorkItem()QueueUserWorkItem()

WorkerWorker(Thread)(Thread)







RequestRequest

server.exeserver.exe

ResponseResponse

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Opening SocketsOpening Sockets

applictionHost.configWASWAS

net.tcp net.tcp ListenerListener

SiteId: SiteId: /w3svc/1/w3svc/1Binding: Binding: *:2323*:2323

SiteId: SiteId: /w3svc/2/w3svc/2Binding: Binding: *:8888*:8888

RegisterProtocol( “net.tcp”,RegisterProtocol( “net.tcp”,pfnCallbacks )pfnCallbacks )

foreach( SiteBinding b in foreach( SiteBinding b in returnedBindings )returnedBindings ){{ CreateSocket( b );CreateSocket( b );}}

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Populating The Dispatch Populating The Dispatch TableTable

applictionHost.configWASWAS

net.tcp net.tcp ListenerListener

SiteId: /w3svc/1SiteId: /w3svc/1AppPool: DefaultAppPool: DefaultAppId: 1AppId: 1Path: /FinancePath: /FinanceListenerChannelId: 1ListenerChannelId: 1

SiteId: /w3svc/2SiteId: /w3svc/2AppPool: DefaultAppPool: DefaultAppId: 2AppId: 2Path: /HRPath: /HRListenerChannelId: 2ListenerChannelId: 2

OnApplicationCreated()OnApplicationCreated()

net.tcp://*:2323/Finance -> (1) net.tcp://*:2323/Finance -> (1) Default::App1Default::App1net.tcp://*:8888/HR -> (2) Default::App2net.tcp://*:8888/HR -> (2) Default::App2

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Address LookupAddress Lookup

Network InterfaceNetwork Interface

Dispatch Dispatch TableTable

Request arrivesRequest arrives

Address LookupAddress Lookup

Worker Process +Worker Process +AppDomainAppDomainDeterminedDetermined

Protocol ListenerProtocol Listener

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Longest-Prefix MatchingLongest-Prefix Matching

net.tcp://*:2323/Financenet.tcp://*:2323/Finance

net.tcp://*:2323/Finance/Payrollnet.tcp://*:2323/Finance/Payroll

net.tcp://*:8888/HRnet.tcp://*:8888/HR

net.tcp://host1:2323/Finance/Payablenet.tcp://host1:2323/Finance/Payable

net.tcp://host1:2323/Payroll/Historynet.tcp://host1:2323/Payroll/History

net.tcp://host2:2323/Finance/net.tcp://host2:2323/Finance/ReceivableReceivable

net.tcp://machine:8888/HR/Reviewsnet.tcp://machine:8888/HR/Reviews

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Dispatch Table DetailsDispatch Table Details

//Pseudocode//PseudocodeUriPrefixTable<ListenerChannel> dispatchTable;UriPrefixTable<ListenerChannel> dispatchTable;

internal class ListenerChannelinternal class ListenerChannel{{ //WAS knows about this ID too//WAS knows about this ID too string listenerChannelId;string listenerChannelId;

//Pulled from applicationHost.config, used for housekeeping//Pulled from applicationHost.config, used for housekeeping string SiteId;string SiteId; string AppPoolId;string AppPoolId; string AppId;string AppId;

//Some information about the worker process//Some information about the worker process //associated with this Listener Channel//associated with this Listener Channel WorkerProcess wp;WorkerProcess wp;

//Messages waiting to be picked up by the worker//Messages waiting to be picked up by the worker RequestQueue pendingMessages;RequestQueue pendingMessages;}}

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““I have”I have” ““I want”I want”

Request QueuesRequest Queues

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Standard TransportsStandard Transports



ServiceService



ServiceService



ServiceService

To NetworkTo Network

User CodeUser Code

Per-ChannelPer-ChannelInfrastructureInfrastructure

NetworkNetworkInfrastructureInfrastructureSocket/HandleSocket/Handle Socket/HandleSocket/Handle Socket/HandleSocket/Handle

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Hosted TransportsHosted Transports

AppDomain Protocol HandlerAppDomain Protocol Handler



ServiceService



ServiceService



ServiceService

To Protocol ListenerTo Protocol Listener

User CodeUser Code

ChannelChannelInfrastructureInfrastructure

NetworkNetworkInfrastructureInfrastructure

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TCP ADPHTCP ADPH

Listener <-> WorkerListener <-> Worker

ListenerListenerChannelChannel

Raw Data (NT Named Pipe)Raw Data (NT Named Pipe)

Control (WCF Duplex over Named Pipe)Control (WCF Duplex over Named Pipe)

itcppssitcppss w3wp.exew3wp.exe

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TCP ADPHTCP ADPH

Listener <-> WorkerListener <-> Worker

ListenerListenerChannelChannel

Raw Data (NT Named Pipe)Raw Data (NT Named Pipe)

Control (WCF Duplex over Named Pipe)Control (WCF Duplex over Named Pipe)

itcppssitcppss w3wp.exew3wp.exe

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WCF Activation WCF Activation ArchitectureArchitecture

Activator/Activator/DispatcherDispatcher

RequestRequest

WASWAS

ResponseResponse



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Protocol-specific ListenersProtocol-specific Listeners


© 2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary.

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