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ILO Convention ILO Convention on Safety in the Use on Safety in the Use of Asbestos, 1986, (No.162)of Asbestos, 1986, (No.162)

Wiking Husberg, ILO Moscow

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ILO instruments in OSH

• Legal frameworks for action:

• Labour Inspection C.81• Occupational Cancer C.139• Working Environment C.148• Occupational Safety and Health C.155• Occupational Health Services C.161• Asbestos Convention 162 • Chemicals Convention 170 • Occupational Safety and Health Framework C 187• 35 Codes of Practice

A unique and formidable body of definitions, principles, obligations, duties and rights, as well as technical guidance that reflects the views of labour stakeholders

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION

• International Labour Conference, 1986, Adoption of:

The Asbestos Convention (No. 162)The Asbestos Recommendation (No.172)

To date, ratified by 32 countries and widely voluntary applied

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32 Ratifications of ILO Asbestos C.162

Belgium KoreaBolivia LuxemburgBosnia and Herzegovina MacedoniaBrazil MontenegroCameroon NetherlandsCanada NorwayChile PortugalColombia Russian FederationCroatia SloveniaCyprus Spain

Denmark SerbiaEcuador Sweden

Finland SwitzerlandGermany UgandaGuatemala UruguayJapan Zimbabwe

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

PART I: SCOPE and DEFINITION

• Applications All activities involving workers’ exposure to

asbestos in the course of work

• Definitions asbestos, asbestos dust, airborne asbestos dust,

respirable asbestos fibres, esposure to asbestos, workers and workers’ representatives

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part II: GENERAL PRINCIPLES

• National Policies and Regulations • Prescription of protective, preventive and control

measures• Review of laws in the light of technological progress

and scientific knowledge • Responsibilities of employers and workers• System of inspection for enforcement

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part III: PROTECTIVE and PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Prevention and control of exposure (Art.9)• adequate engineering controls, work practices

occupational hygiene• prescription of special rules and procedures for use of

asbestos or products containing asbestos or certain work practices

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part III: PROTECTIVE and PREVENTIVE MEASURES (cont’d)

SPECIAL MEASURES (Art.10)

When necessary to protect the health of workers and technically practicable:

• replacement of asbestos by other materials scientifically evaluated as harmless or less harmful

• total or partial prohibition of asbestos or asbestos containing material in certain work practices

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part III: PROTECTIVE and PREVENTIVE MEASURES (cont’d)

• Prohibition: crocidolite, spraying all types• Notification of use of asbestos by employers• Producers’, Manufactures’ and Suppliers’ responsibilities

for labelling• Prescription of exposure limits by law• Measures to prevent or control the release of asbestos

dust into air

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part III: PROTECTIVE and PREVENTIVE MEASURES (cont’d)

• When protective measures do not bring exposure within Occupational Exposure Levels, employer will provide Respiratory Protetcive Equipment and special protective clothing

• Respiratory Protective Equipment to be used as supplementary, temporary, emergency or exceptional measure and not as alternative to technical control

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part III: PROTECTIVE and PREVENTIVE MEASURES (cont’d)

DEMOLITION or REMOVAL of ASBESTOS• to be undertaken only by employers or contractors

recongnized by the competent authority as qualified to carry out such works

CLOTHING and WASHING FACILITIES• to be provided by the employer, cleaning carried out

under controlled conditions, prohibited to be taken home

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part III: PROTECTIVE and PREVENTIVE MEASURES (cont’d)

ASBESTOS WASTE DISPOSAL• to be disposed by employers without health risks to the

workers concerned, those handling waste or to populations in the vicinity of the enterprise

• appropriate measures to be taken to prevent pollution of the general environment

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part IV: SURVEILLANCE OF WORK ENVIRONMENT and WORKERS’ HEALTH

Dust concentrations and exposure monitoring (Art. 20)Emplyer to measure concentrations of asbestos dustEmployer to monitor workers’ exposure to asbestos dustsWorkers’ rights to have access to exposure recordsWorkers’ rights to request monitoring of work environment and

appeal to competent authority for results

Workers’ Health Monitoring (Art. 21)• periodic medical examinations • development of system of notification of ARD

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ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162ASBESTOS CONVENTION 162

Part V: INFORMATION and EDUCATION

Govt., employers & workers organizations• should disseminate information and promote education

on health hazards and methods of prevention Employers• should establish written policies and procedures for

education, training and re-training

Workers• should be informed, instructed in preventive measures,

and receive continuing traininig

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Руководство по системам управления охраной труда МОТ-СУОТ 2001/ILO-OSH 2001

Единственное в мире международное руководство, регламентирующее СУОТ на уровне предприятий

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ГОСТ 12.0.230-2007

• IDT – идентичен МОТ-СУОТ 2001

• Межгосударственный стандарт СНГ

• Действует в России с 1 июля 2009 года

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MOT-СУОТ 2001 MOT-СУОТ 2001

4.10.1.Предупредительные и контролирующие меры

В порядке приоритетности:

СЛАЙД 6P.1.1

(а) устранить опасности/риски

(b) ограничить опасности/риски

(c) минимизация опасности/риска

(d) предоставить средства индивидуальной защиты

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13th Session of the Joint ILO/WHO Joint Committee on Occupational Health, 2003

67. The Committee recommended that special attention should be paid to the following global occupational safety and health issues in future ILO/WHO collaboration:

– the elimination of silicosis and asbestos-related diseases;

_ ….

Geneva, 12 December 2003.

(Signed) Dr. Magdalene Chan, Chairperson.

(Signed) Dr. Constantine Todradze, Vice-Chairperson.

(Signed) Dr. Zhi Su, Reporter.

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ILO Resolution on Asbestos, 2006

“The elimination of the future use of asbestos and the identification and proper management of asbestos currently in place are the most effective means to protect workers from asbestos exposure and to prevent future asbestos-related diseases and deaths.”

“The Asbestos Convention, 1986 (No. 162), should not be used to provide a justification for, or endorsement of, the continued use of asbestos.”

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/health/resolution_on_asbestos.pdf

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http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2007/WHO_SDE_PHE_07.02_eng.pdf

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/health/outline_npead.pdf

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National programme for elimination of asbestos-related diseases (NPEAD) – Outline

• Introduction and purpose— Health aspects— Magnitude of the problem— Economic and social aspects

• Political and legal background— National legislation— International commitments

• Strategy for elimination of asbestos-related diseases— Preventive strategies— Strategic actions – national, provincial and enterprise levels

• Knowledge management— information about substitutes— registry of exposed workers— capacities and resources

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National programmes for elimination of asbestos-related diseases - cont'd

• Implementation— Preparatory phase – building up political commitment— First phase – reducing exposure to chrysotile— Second phase – stopping the use of chrysotile asbestos

• Monitoring and evaluation— outcome— process— administration

• National asbestos profile— first profile— periodic update

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Fact sheet N°343, July 2010 Asbestos: elimination of asbestos-related diseases

• by recognizing that the most efficient way to eliminate asbestos-related diseases is to stop the use of all types of asbestos;

• by providing information about solutions for replacing asbestos with safer substitutes and developing economic and technological mechanisms to stimulate its replacement;

• by taking measures to prevent exposure to asbestos in place and during asbestos removal (abatement); and

• by improving early diagnosis, treatment, social and medical rehabilitation of asbestos-related diseases and to establish registries of people with past and/or current exposures to asbestos.

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The ILO position on safety in the use of asbestos, Sept 2010

4. A Resolution concerning asbestos was adopted by the International Labour Conference at its 95th Session in 2006. Noting that all forms of asbestos, including chrysotile, are classified as human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),…

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The ILO position on safety in the use of asbestos, Sept 2010

…The Resolution also underlined that the ILO Convention on Safety in the Use of Asbestos, No. 162, should not be used to provide a justification for, or endorsement of, the continued use of asbestos.

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The ILO position on safety in the use of asbestos, Sept 2010

In light of the instructions of the Governing Body following the Resolution, the Office has been:

• continuing to encourage member States to ratify and give effect to Conventions Nos. 162 and 139;

• promoting the elimination of the future use of all forms of asbestos and asbestos-containing materials;

• promoting the identification and proper management of all forms of asbestos currently in place; and

• encouraging and helping ILO member States to include measures in their national programmes on occupational safety and health to protect workers from exposure to asbestos.

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Премьер-министр Владимир Путин об охране труда 

Особое внимание Владимир Путин обратил на необходимость увеличения расходов на охрану труда.

«Легче и дешевле вкладывать деньги в обеспечение безопасности труда, чем в ликвидацию последствий тех трагедий, которые могут произойти или происходят в результате невнимательного отношения к этим проблемам»

(из выступления на встрече с представителями профсоюзных организаций Ленинградской области 7 октября 2010 г.)