INTRODUCTION TO

BIOLOGYM. S. KHAN

Origin of word “BIOLOGY”1

What is biology?2

Branches of biology3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ORIGIN OF WORD “BIOLOGY”

Regional map of Europe

GreeceLanguage: Greek

Word : Bios (living beings) +

logos (study of)

WHAT IS BIOLOGY?

Biology is the study of living organisms including their origin, distribution, evolution, structure and function.

BIOLOGY

Botany Study of

Plants

BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

Zoology Study of Animals

Microbiology Study of

Micro-organisms

SUB-BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

TAXONOMY ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY CYTOLOGY

GENETICS EVOLUTION ECOLOGY

TAXONOMYTaxonomy deals with the identification, classification and

nomenclature of living organisms.

Although it resembles a snake, this animal is actually a legless

glass lizard.

All flesh eating mammals are grouped into one category called

order carnivora.

The scientific name of apple is malus domestica.

ANATOMY

Anatomy deals with the structure of organisms and their body parts.

Anatomy of animals Anatomy of plants Human anatomy

PHYSIOLOGY

Physiology deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their body parts.

Respiration Circulation Digestion

CYTOLOGY

Cytology deals with the structure, composition and function of cells.

Different types of cells Cell structure Protein synthesis

GENETICSGenetics deals with the transmission of hereditary characteristics

from onegeneration to next generation.

Human races DNA fingerprinting Genetic disorders

EVOLUTIONEvolution is the study of various sequential and developmental

changes ofthe organism from the time of its origin.

Origin of life Evolution in animals Evolution in plants

ECOLOGYEcology is the study of interaction of organisms with each other and

withtheir environment.

Ecosystem Energy transfer along aFood chain Extinct species

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