1

JCM 106 Computer Application for Journalism

Lecture 1 – Introduction to Computing

2

Outline History of Computer Bill Gates vs Steve Jobs What is a Computer? Data Representation Software Hardware Different type of microcomputer Communication

3

History of Computer

4

History of Computer

5

History of Computer

6

Microsoft – Bill Gates

7

Apple – Steve Jobs

8

9

What is a computer? Computer is a electronic devices that process

data, converting it information that is useful to people.

10

Data Representation All computers are based on the binary number system A bit or binary digit has one of two values, zero or one A byte is the smallest addressable unit of memory (8 bits) ASCII provides for 256 (or 28) characters

01000001 – A 01000010 – B etc.

Unicode 16-32 bits (Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, French,…..) EDBDIC used in mainframe or supercomputer

11

Software The instructions tell a computer what to do Software = program Two type of software:

System software Operating system Utilities Device driver

Application software General purpose Specialized application

12

System Software Operating System

Managing resources - memory, processing, storage, and devices such as printers and monitors.

Provide user interface – How the user interacts with the computer. Almost all newer operating systems use a graphical user interface (GUI).

Running applications - load and run applications such as word processors and spreadsheets. Most operating systems support multitasking, or the ability to switch between different applications stored in memory.

13

Utilities

14

Device Driver

15

Application software Application software consists of

programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks.

General Application Software Browser

Internal Explorer Firefox Safari

16

Application software Specialized Software

MS Office– Word, Excel, Access, and PowerPoint Word processing software allows users to create and

manipulate documents Spreadsheet software allows users to organize data in rows

and columns and perform calculations. Charting depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form

Presentation software allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group

Audio & Video Software – Final Cut Pro ( Mac) Graphics program – Photoshop, Corel Draw Web authoring tools and programs – DreamWeaver

17

Software licensees A contract distributed with a program that gives you

the right to install and use the program on only one computer.

Type of licensees Single user license, Volume license Site license Shareware Freeware Electronic software distribution

18

Microcomputers

19

Microcomputers

20

Any Computer System

Memory

Central processing unit(CPU)

Input

Auxiliary Storage

Communication DeviceAuxiliary

Storage

Output

21

Hardware

22

23

24

25

26

Input

27

Input

28

Input

29

Sound inputs Computer equipped with sound cards can

accept sound input with microphone Popular sound formats

Windows WAV, AU sounds, MPEG – MP3/4. Voice/ Speech recognition

Accept the spoken word by using microphone and then converting into binary code for processing in the computer

30

31

32

33

Output

34

Output

35

Output

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

Document files Word processor file – memo, letters

E.g. MS WORD, Pages (Mac) Spreadsheet file – sales analysis, budget

E.g. MS Excel, Numbers (Mac) Presentation file – slides, speaker notes

E.g. MS PowerPoint, Keynote (Mac) Database file

E.g. MS Access

45

46

47