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Laboratory equipmentLaboratory equipment

byby

Faculty of Chemistry, VUT Brno, 18th October 2005

František SURMANFrantišek SURMAN

Presentation aboutPresentation about

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IntroductionIntroduction Chemistry is Chemistry is aa science, which necessar science, which necessarililyy

needneedss somesome place place for its experimental for its experimental activities – for activities – for realizrealization of ation of chemical processchemical processeses aandnd reactions. reactions.

This place is called This place is called laboratorylaboratory (= a lab). (= a lab). For someone a laboratory an extraordinary For someone a laboratory an extraordinary

place, where everyone has to respect place, where everyone has to respect operating, safety and hygienic rules.operating, safety and hygienic rules.

Laboratory is full of interesting methods which Laboratory is full of interesting methods which involve specific laboratory equipment.involve specific laboratory equipment.

Laboratory is like a kitchen for chemists.Laboratory is like a kitchen for chemists.extraordinaryextraordinary – nezvyklý, – nezvyklý, pozoruhodnýpozoruhodnýto involveto involve – vyžadovat, zahrnovat – vyžadovat, zahrnovatnecessarilynecessarily – nezbytně – nezbytněto deal withto deal with - pojednávat - pojednávat

certainly – určitěto agree with sb. – souhlasit s kým

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What should we know to establish the What should we know to establish the chemical laboratory ?chemical laboratory ?

to establish – zařídit, vybudovat, založit

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General requirements for chemical General requirements for chemical

laboratory:laboratory:

• adequate areaadequate area• quality lightingquality lighting• various equipmentvarious equipment• to respect safety rulesto respect safety rules• to match hygienic to match hygienic

demanddemand

requirementrequirement – požadavek, podmínka– požadavek, podmínkademanddemand – nárok, požadavek – nárok, požadavekadequateadequate – dostatečný, přiměřený, postačující, – dostatečný, přiměřený, postačující, odpovídajícíodpovídajícílightinglighting – osvětlení – osvětleníto match to match – souhlasit, shodovat se– souhlasit, shodovat se

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Laboratory equipmentLaboratory equipment

laboratory table digester console furniture weighing room laboratory requirements and

tools

furniture – nábytekrequirements – požadavek, podmínkatool – nástroj, nářadí, pomůcka

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Laboratory tablesLaboratory tables

• strongly fixed to the floorstrongly fixed to the floor• include distribution of water, gas, electric current or include distribution of water, gas, electric current or

compresed aircompresed air• work field is made up from fireproof and resistant work field is made up from fireproof and resistant

against chemical material – usually from ceramic against chemical material – usually from ceramic tiles, imitation stone (marble), strong glasstiles, imitation stone (marble), strong glass

• include small shelf and drawerinclude small shelf and drawer

to fix – připevnitdistribution – rozdělenícurrent – proud, tokto compress – stlačitfireproof – žáruvzdornýresistant – odolnýmarble – mramorshelf – police, regáldrawer - zásuvka

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• mechanism, where is worked mechanism, where is worked with harmful, smelly, corrosive with harmful, smelly, corrosive and volatile substancesand volatile substances

• made up from metallic or wood made up from metallic or wood materials and put next to the materials and put next to the wallwall

• equiped by ceramic working equiped by ceramic working field, distribution of water, gas, field, distribution of water, gas, electric current and sink etc.electric current and sink etc.

• vapours are took away by two vapours are took away by two air holes with pipeline ending air holes with pipeline ending up on the roofup on the roof

DigestersDigesters

harmful – škodlivý hole – otvorsmelly – páchnoucí roof - střechacorossive – leptající pipeline - potrubívolatile – těkavýworking field – pracovní prostor

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ConsolesConsoles• instrumental working table next to the wall instrumental working table next to the wall • used to position for portable equipment as kiln, weight used to position for portable equipment as kiln, weight

or some instrumentsor some instruments• analytical weight needs special constitution of consoleanalytical weight needs special constitution of console

instrumental – pomocný, nástrojovýkiln – sušárnaportable - přenosný

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FurnitureFurniture

• laboratory glass, storage bottels and very laboratory glass, storage bottels and very frequently used tools are stored in racks next to frequently used tools are stored in racks next to the wall.the wall.

storage bottel – zásobní lahevrack – police, regál

to hang up - zavěsit

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Weighing room

• small, perfectly dry room near laboratorysmall, perfectly dry room near laboratory• console of special construction for analytical weightconsole of special construction for analytical weight• equiped by weight mechanismequiped by weight mechanism

Cheap weighting machine for quick and orientational weighting. It can not be calibrated. This is a product of Fisher company.

Technical developed balance with very good sensitivity during weighting.

Standard analytical weight for normal use with function of numeration of pieces

sensitivity – citlivostnumeration of pieces – počítání kusů

dry – suchýpuff – fuňetbreathe – dýchatsuffocate – udusit se

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Laboratory requirements and tools

• laboratory glassware and porcelainlaboratory glassware and porcelain the most used material, resistant against the most used material, resistant against chemical substanceschemical substances

• metallic toolsmetallic tools iron, aluminium, nickel, platinum iron, aluminium, nickel, platinum

• plastic and rubber toolsplastic and rubber tools used especially in recent time in various used especially in recent time in various material such as polyethylene (PE), material such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), teflon, polycarbonate. teflon, polycarbonate.

The most of the laboratory material is normalized. The most of the laboratory material is normalized. Material, size, dimenzion are determined or adviced.Material, size, dimenzion are determined or adviced.

to normalize – normalizovatto determine – určit, stanovitto advice - doporučit

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Laboratory glassware and porcelain - Laboratory glassware and porcelain - examplesexamples

Erlenmeyer I.I. Flasks:Flasks:

single neck bottom titration three neck round bottom

volumetric

filtering

sulfonation

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II. Various laboratory glassware and porcelaineII. Various laboratory glassware and porcelaine

beaker graduated cylinder separatory funnel

attachment by Claisen

condensers

machine by Kipp

funnelmortar and pestle

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Metallic, plastic and rubber tools - examplesMetallic, plastic and rubber tools - examples

Bunsen burner bracket, holders and rings plug from rubber

stand plastic flasks and plugs

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ConclusionConclusion

Nowadays laboratory equipment, Nowadays laboratory equipment, requirements, tools etc. are very extensive requirements, tools etc. are very extensive theme of all natural sciences.theme of all natural sciences.

Many concerns all over the world produce Many concerns all over the world produce and ofand offfer equipment of various materials, er equipment of various materials, dimensions, apllications and price.dimensions, apllications and price.

Generally we can say that to equip not only Generally we can say that to equip not only chemical laboratory is very expensive.chemical laboratory is very expensive.

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THANK YOU FOR THANK YOU FOR ATTENTIONATTENTION