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LOK-TEST & CAPO-TESTfor in-situ strength

Section 3Hardware

Testing ProceduresInstruments

Claus Germann PetersenGERMANN INSTRUMENTS A/S

April 15th, 2019

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In-Situ Strength, why?• Control of effects of transportation and compaction• Effects of curing, quality of the cover layer

protecting the reinforcement against chlorideingress

• Eliminate shortcomings of cylinders and cubes• Low strength of laboratory specimens• Changed mixes, intentionally / not intentional• Strength of existing structures for load carrying

capacity calculations• Timing of safe and early loading operations

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LOK-TEST CAPO-TEST

The two in place test systems presented

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LOK-TEST

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LOK-TESTfor new structures

• Install inserts• Ready the testing• Perform the LOK-TEST either to a

required strength or to top-peak loading,with or without pull-out

• Transform the kN pullforce to compressivestrength of lab cubes (or cores) or labcylinders by general correlation

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25 mm

25 mm

LOK-TEST

InsertDisc

Formwork

Stem

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LOK-TEST

Insert

ReactionRing Pullout

Force

Disc

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Clearance RequirementsASTM C900

25 mm db

>150 mm >100 mm

≥ dbor

NMSA

Edgedistance

Reinforcementclearance

Insert clearance

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LOK-TEST Inserts,<60 MPa cyl, strength

Nailed toformwork

Attached toformwork cutouts

Floatedinto surface

Or through a7 mm hole in the form

L-40 L-42 L-45 L-49

Max pullforce 55 kN, equiv. to 60 MPa cylinder strength or 80 MPa cube strength

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LOK-TEST inserts >60 MPa cyl. strength

L-41 L-43 L-46 L-50

Nailed toformwork

Attached toformwork cutouts

Or through a7 mm hole in the form

Floatedinto surface

Max pullforce 90 kN, equiv. to 105 MPa cylinder strength or 140 MPa cube strengthNote: Both sets of inserts <60 MPa and >60 MPa follow the general correlations(s)

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LOK-TEST Inserts

Nailed toformwork

Attached toformwork cutouts

Floatedinto surface

Or through a7 mm hole in the form

L-42 L-44 L-45 L-49

L-40 insert for nailing towooden formwork

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LOK-TEST’ing

”H” is the peak-load, saved in thememory with timeand date oftesting fordocumentation

Duration of onetests includingpreparation is 3-5minutes

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Correlating the kN to MPausing the generel cylinder correlation

28.1 MPa

27.4 kN

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15L-42 Insert for safe andearly formstripping

Nailed toformwork

Attached toformwork cutouts

Floatedinto surface

Or through a7 mm hole in the form

L-40 L-42 L-45 L-49

Cut hole in formwork

Attach backing plate and fasten insert

L-42 Insert

Plate

• Attach insert support assembly to form• Apply sealant• Place concrete

Sealant

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Strength for Formwork Removal

Vice-President Mr. Sal Fasullo, C.E.T.,Davroc & Associates Ltd., Canada

Mr. Sal Fasullo has during the years been in charge of and responsiblefor testing of +200,000 LOK-TEST’ s

• Remove backing plate• timed by maturity• Attach loading system• Apply load• Measure pullout strength

LOK-TESTPull Machine

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Peak Load, example H = 29.5 kN• At peak load, ≈ 0.2 mm surface displacement• Gradual decrease in load with continued

displacement

Surface Displacement

Pullo

ut L

oad

H Pu

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Correlating the kN to MPausing the generel cylinder correlation

30.6MPa

29.5 kN

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Floating Inserts

Nailed toformwork

Attached toformwork cutouts

Floatedinto surface

Or through a7 mm hole in the form

L-40 L-42 L-45 L-49

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Placement of L-49 inserts

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COMA-Meterfor maturity

Testing of L-49 insertsfloated in the top surface for QC

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Testing of L-49 insertsfloated in the top surface, tunnel slab

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Deeper testing than at thesurface 25 mm

Deeper embedment ofthe LOK-TEST insertcan be made using e.g.the L-49 insert asillustrated adjacent.

Using this insert thetesting surface will belowered 20 mm from thesurface.

20 mm

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CAPO-TESTCut And PullOut Test

Instruction video on Google”CAPO-TEST ASTM-C900”

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LOK-TEST to CAPO-TEST

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

CA

PO

-Tes

t, kN

LOK -Test, kN

Line of equality

Refs: Krenchel (1982), Bellander (1983), Yun (1990), & Meyer (1994)

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CAPO Test

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CAPO-TEST Failure

”Leaves” from the 2nd crack pattern with the concrete incompression STRUT being intersected in the softeningregime

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CAPO-TESTProcedure

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Prepare Concrete

2. Plane surface100 mm dia.

1. Core hole18.4 mm dia.

18 mm25 mm

Dia 25 mm

3. Cut slot

25 mm

r

10 mm

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Core Hole

Shown here using thevacuum plate, otherwise

perform the coringhandheld, stepping on

the flange

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Planesurface

Use governing tapfor centering if

performed handheld

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Planed surface

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Cut Slot

25 mm

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Cut Slot

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Cut Slot

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Insert Expansion Conewith Coiled Split-Ring

Coiled ring

Cone

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Ring Expansion Hardware

Coiled ring

Cone

Nut

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Expand Ring

Nut

Hold base/conepullbolt in thesame position andturn nut

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Expand Ring

Hold base/conepullbolt in the sameposition and turn nutwith the 45 mmwrench 9 rotationsclockwise. Back offslightly

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Coupleinstrument

ApplyPullout

Force, slowlyto failure

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45Pullout the Expanded Ring

against the 55 mm counterpressure

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AcceptableTest

Sharp 55 mmdiameter edge

fromcounterpressure

Crushedmaterial

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Max strength for CAPO-TESTand duration of test

• Max pullforce for the CAPO-TEST is90 kN, equiv. to 105 MPa cylinderstrength or 140 MPa cube strength

• Total duration of one test 15-20minutes

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LOK-TEST and CAPO-TESTInstruments

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LOK-TEST Instrumentin a suitcase

Additional is needed inserts for casting-in, slide 11-12

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CAPO-TEST Lite Instrumentin a suitcase

The pull machine is the same as for LOK-TESTCan also be used for BOND-TEST

Extra, C-112Expandableinserts

For handhelduse withoutthe suctionplate

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CAPO Equipment, complete set

Prep. Kit

DSV Kit withSurface Plannerand Suction Plate

Pullmachine

C-112 ExpandableInserts