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Midterm review

English 12, fall 2011

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This king united England by encouraging the use of Old English as a common language

Alfred the Great

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• This ended Anglo-Saxon rule of England in 1066

• Norman Conquest

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• The signing of this limited the power of the English king and gave more power to the barons

• Magna Carta

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This is an Anglo-Saxon word meaning “man-price,” or the price a tribe must pay for murdering a warrior from another tribe

Wergild

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• this is the rigid social system that governed England in the early medieval era

• Feudalism

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This conflict helped England develop a sense of national identity

Hundred Years War

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• In these places, written texts were copied and preserved during the Anglo-Saxon and Medieval eras

• Monasteries

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• This is the Anglo-Saxon word for “fate”

• Wyrd

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• This is the Anglo-Saxon word for a travelling storyteller

• Scop

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This is the word describing a group composed of a warlord and his followers

Comitatus

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This was the vernacular language in Anglo-Saxon England

Old English

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• Chaucer writes about this kind of trip in The Canterbury Tales

• Pilgrimage

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• This is the language of the church and known by the educated elite in Anglo-Saxon and medieval England

• Latin

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• This is the language spoken by the ruling class in medieval England

• French

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• This is the vernacular language in medieval England

• Middle English

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• The one hundred most commonly used words in Modern English come from this language

• Old English

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This is a long poem telling the deeds of a hero

Epic

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• This is a man who does great deeds and represents the values of his people and culture

• Epic hero

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• A word or phrase used to characterize a particular person, place, or thing

• Epithet

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• A phrase used in Anglo-Saxon poetry to describe a person, place, or thing

• Kenning

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• This is a literary device which seems to be contradictory but is actually true in the context of the work of literature.

• Paradox

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• This is a literary device directly comparing two unlike things

• metaphor

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• The manuscript for Beowulf was probably written in one of these places

• monasteries

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This author was born into a middle class family but worked as a page in an upper class household, thus allowing him to know about both social classes.

Geoffrey Chaucer

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• This is the plot structure used for The Canterbury Tales and The Decameron.

• Frame narrative/story

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• This is the language commonly spoken every day by a large group of people

• Vernacular

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• This Italian work is an important source for Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales

• The Decameron

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• This type of story became the most popular work of literature in medieval England.

• Romance

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This is the code of behavior for knights in medieval England

Chivalry

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• This word means “entertainment value” in Middle English

• “solace”

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• This word means “lesson or moral” in Middle English

• “sentence”

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This pilgrim is on the pilgrimage to Canterbury specifically to give thanks to God.

Knight

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This pilgrim works with pharmacists to maximize their profits.

Doctor

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This religious pilgrim has the gift of gab and loves to spend time with the wealthy people in town, hearing their confessions for a fee.

Friar

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• This pilgrim has beautiful manners and cares very much about animal welfare.

• Nun

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• This pilgrim is a good soldier who is fashionably dressed and gets very little sleep at night.

• Squire

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• This is a journey that is meant to show religious devotion.

• Pilgrimage

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• This pilgrim loves to travel and knows the “remedies” for the pains of love.

Wife of Bath

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• This man is one of Chaucer’s perfect pilgrims and spends much time traveling around his community, visiting people.

• Parson

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• This pilgrim rides at the very end of the group so that he can watch everybody else.

• Reeve

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• This pilgrim accepts bribes from sinners and allows them to continue sinning.

• Summoner

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This pilgrim deceives people with false relics.

Pardoner

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• Beowulf is an example of this kind of literary character

• Epic hero

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• This is the language spoken by William the Conqueror and his nobles

• French

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a time when people showed “renewed interest in science, art, and all learning,”

Renaissance

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a movement supporting the idea that human beings can achieve greatness on their own abilities (as opposed to having everything controlled by God)

Humanism

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______ based his “quest for truth” on the life of Socrates

Montaigne

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• helped spark the Protestant Reformation in 1517

• Martin Luther

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• established the first printing press in England

• William Caxton

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Thomas More’s most famous book:

Utopia

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• He was a humanist who opposed Henry VIII’s divorce and was executed for that.

• Thomas More

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This long-reigning monarch is remembered for intellect as well as love and support of culture and the arts.

Elizabeth I

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• This king reigned after Elizabeth I and authorized a translation of the Bible

• James I

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One of the first English translations of the Bible was written in the 1520’s and 1530’s by this man.

William Tyndale

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This character is easily influenced by his wife.

Macbeth

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• This character is very eager for her husband to be king

• Lady Macbeth

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• This character in Macbeth rewards Macbeth for bravery in battle.

• King Duncan

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• This pilgrim carries a pillow case said to be a piece of the Virgin Mary’s veil; sings an offertory very well

• Pardoner

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• This character in Macbeth flees to England for safety, and when he does, he is suspected of killing his father.

• Malcolm

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• As he is dying, this character in Macbeth tells his son to revenge his death.

• Banquo

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• This pilgrim has terrible sores on the face and loves to eat garlic and onions; only speaks Latin when drunk

• Summoner

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• This pilgrim can sweet talk a poor widow out of her last farthing, but prefers hanging out with the rich people

• Friar

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• this character in Macbeth realizes that being innocent doesn’t mean you are safe

• Lady Macduff

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• “My mind is full of scorpions” is an example of this literary device

• metaphor

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Contains two complete sentences, put together with nothing at all

Run-on sentence

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• Two complete sentences, joined with nothing but a comma

• Comma splice

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• This is a group of words that cannot stand alone or make a complete thought

• Sentence fragment

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• Connects two complete sentences that are closely related in content

• Correct use of semicolon

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• Used to show possession or show that letters are omitted

• apostrophe

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• “Fair is foul, foul is fair” is an example of this literary device

• paradox

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• Chaucer wrote in this language

• Middle English

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• In this story, young, wealthy Italians travel the countryside to escape an outbreak of the plague.

• The Decameron

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• “the Almighty’s enemy,” “that shadow of death,” “shepherd of evil,” and “guardian of crime” are all examples from Beowulf of this Anglo-Saxon literary device.

• kenning

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helped England and Europe “transition” from the middle ages into the modern era.

• Renaissance

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Contains two complete sentences, put together with nothing but a conjunction

Run-on

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• this document, signed in 1215, became the basis for English constitutional government

• Magna Carta

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• his rule began in 871, and he united the Saxon tribes of southern England and led them to victory against the Danes

• Alfred the Great

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• invasion of England that occurred in 1066

• Norman Conquest

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• This social system had the king at the top and serfs at the bottom, with land-owning nobles in the middle

• feudalism

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• The Canterbury Tales was written in this language

• Middle English

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• language that the Beowulf manuscript is written in

• Old English

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• plot structure that creates a story within a story

• Frame narrative

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• wrote an important Italian work that influenced Chaucer

• Giovanni Boccaccio

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• In this story a group of people travel to a cathedral in April

• The Canterbury Tales

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• has been to Jerusalem three times; is “skilled in wandering by the way” and wears nice clothing

• Wife of Bath

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• “Children were afraid when he appeared.”

• Summoner

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• practices what he preaches

• Parson

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• his skinny appearance is an indicated that he is tight-fisted with money and secretive in his dealings with people

• Reeve

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• has relationships with women, then finds them husbands and pays the women to keep it secret

• Friar

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• embezzles from his boss and is secretly wealthy

• Reeve

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• this monarch’s reign was a time of prosperity and flourishing artistic and intellectual achievement

• Elizabeth I

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• this monarch commissioned court performances from a group of actors and was fascinated by witchcraft

• James I

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• his writing helped give legitimacy and significance to Middle English

• Chaucer

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• intellectual movement that focused on humans’ potential to achieve greatness

• humanism

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• This character is killed by Macduff.

• Macbeth

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• This character is tested by Malcolm to see if he is sincere and truly wants to help Scotland.

• Macduff

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• This character is suspicious of the witches and believes they may be trying to cause trouble.

• Banquo

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• This character tells Macbeth to be calm, friendly, and hospitable at his banquet.

• Lady Macbeth

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• This character’s ghost appears at Macbeth’s banquet.

• Banquo

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• This character sleep walks and makes repeated hand-washing motions in Act V.

• Lady Macbeth

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• This character becomes king of Scotland at the end of the play.

• Malcolm

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• This character wants revenge on Macbeth because Macbeth had his family killed

• Macduff

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• This character says that he has murdered sleep.

• Macbeth

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• Hecate says this character “shall spurn fate, scorn death, and bear / His hopes 'bove wisdom, grace and fear”

• Macbeth

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• In Act V the doctor says this about which character: “More needs she the divine than the physician.”

• Lady Macbeth

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• What grammar error is this sentence?

• “I like milk chocolate, I like dark chocolate, too.”

• Comma splice

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