1 Module 3 TERAWAVE CONFIDENTIAL – DO NOT COPY Terawave Communications, Inc. Network Planning...

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Module 3

TERAWAVE CONFIDENTIAL – DO NOT COPY

Terawave Communications, Inc.

Network Planning Course

Module 3 PON Physical Network Engineering

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Objectives

At the end of this module, you will: Understand the types of engineering required for a PON network Understand how the engineering relates to the Kingston

Communications network Understanding the PON Planning Tool

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Contents

Engineering Requirements – 4 Splitters – 7 Optical Power Levels & Receiver Sensitivity – 11 Fiber Characteristics – 14 Delay Requirements – 16 The PON Planning Tool – 19

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EngineeringRequirements

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Engineering Requirements

Network planning can be broken down into two areas: Physical Network Topology – Designing the physical configuration of

the network

• PON

• INT Traffic Engineering – Planning for the services to be supported on the

network. These services can also drive the design of the physical network topology

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Engineering Requirements

Physical Network Topology

PON basics Optical power levels Splitter information

Type Losses Placement

Fiber Type Loss characteristics Distances

Delay requirements

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Splitters

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Splitters

Optical splitters are manufactured by a number of different vendors

The uniformity of the insertion loss across the splitters is dependent upon: Manufacturer’s tolerances Manufacturer’s processes

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Splitters

Splitters are manufactured in a variety of combinations Most commonly used in a PON network are splitters

with a single input and multiple outputs. 1x2 splitters (1 input, 2 outputs) are manufactured in a

multiple formats with respect to how much of the optical power is send out each leg

1x3 to 1x32 splitters are all manufactured so that the optical power is uniformly split among all the output legs

Because the manufacturing process and quality control is different for each manufacturer, refer to the manufacturer’s specs for the splitters to determine the insertion loss across each output leg of the splitter

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Splitters

Split Ratio Insertion Loss

1x2

95/5

90/10

80/20

70/30

60/40

50/50

-0.5/-14

-0.8/-11.2

-1.3/-7.6

-2.0/-6.0

-2.4/-4.3

-4.0/-4.0

1x3 -5

1x4 -6.25

1x8 -9.25

1x12 -10.75

1x16 -12.5

1x32 -15.5

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Optical Power Levels&

Receiver Sensitivity

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Optical Power Levels & Receiver Sensitivity

In the network design process, it is important to know the output optical power levels and receiver sensitivity of each device

Optical transmitters on low end devices will vary. Thus, the output optical power levels is provided as a range, typically from the highest to lowest level

The link budget for a Terawave PON is determined by subtracting the lowest output optical level of the transmitting device from the receiver sensitivity of the receiving device

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Optical Power Levels & Receiver Sensitivity

Card Optical Output Power Level

Receiver Sensitivity

PCU, 622 +3dBm to –3dBm -11dBm to –33dBm

PAU, 622, ETSI +3dBm to –2dBm -8dBm to –27dBm

NAU, STM-1 -8dBm to –15dBm -8dBm to –28dBm

NAU, OC-3 -8dBm to –15dBm -8dBm to –28dBm

NIM, STM-1 -8dBm to –15dBm -8dBm to –28dBm

NIM, OC-3 -8dBm to –15dBm -8dBm to –28dBm

NIM, STM-4 -8dBm to –15dBm -8dBm to –28dBm

NIM, OC-12 -8dBm to –15dBm -8dBm to –28dBm

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Fiber Characteristics

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Fiber Characteristics

Terawave PON products have been designed to work with single mode fiber

The fiber manufacturer that Terawave has tested extensively with is Corning

The characteristics of Corning SMF-28 are the fiber characteristics that Terawave takes into account when testing for: Refraction Absorption Scattering Back-reflection

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Delay Requirements

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Delay Requirements

Not all applications are delay sensitive Data applications are typically NOT delay sensitive

Computers have patience (and buffers) and can wait for data

Visual or Audible applications traditionally ARE delay sensitive Video signals normally requires a fairly constant flow of information to

provide a clear, non-jerky picture

• Recent advances in compression technology allow the flow of information to vary dependent upon the changes that occur from frame to frame

Traditional audio signals (TDM) normally require a fairly constant flow of information to provide a clear signal, irregardless of whether a party is talking or not

ATM technology allows transmission of an audio signal only when a party is speaking. Resulting in an uneven flow of traffic, but still a clear audio signal This is AAL2

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Delay Requirements

If an application is being provisioned that is sensitive to delay, you must be conscious of the path that the connection takes so the delay is minimized This is most applicable to INTs that are daisy-chained In PON networks, delay is automatically minimized by the network

structure

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The PON OpticalBudget Worksheet

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The PON Optical Budget Worksheet

The PON Planning Tool is a “homegrown” application developed by a Terawave Sales Engineer to assist Terawave customers in planning the physical network topology of a PON

The Tool is a Excel application Some information is required to be obtained in advance

for entry into the Tool

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Advance Information Required

Fiber Attenuation Splitter Loss Fiber Routing Fiber Distances Customer Locations

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Overview

Very brief, high-level, instructions are provided in Worksheet #1

Parameter explanations are provided in Worksheet #5 Worksheets 2 thru 4 are provided for the different

topologies supported by the PON system

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Fiber Information

The left side of the Tool is locked and stationary and provides the user with the ability to enter specific

information about the fiber and the splitters being used in the network

It also provides information about the OLT OLT Tx Power is worst case value OLT Rx Sensitivity is worst

case value

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Fiber Attenuation

These information fields are located in the upper left corner of the Worksheet

The information entered here is dependent upon the individual fiber systems and the quality of the fiber plant, whether splices are fusion or connectorized, cleanliness of fibers, etc, etc.

It is recommended to leave these values at the default unless specific knowledge is known that forces a change. These values are typical of a fairly new or well maintained network

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Splitter Loss

This information field is located in the upper left corner of the Worksheet

This information is obtained from the manufacturer’s specifications The numbers provided by the manufacturers is usually theoretical

since splicing of fibers is not an exact science and specific values cannot be guaranteed.

Some manufacturers will provide test results with each splitter specifying the loss on each leg, but this is not normal

The Tool will operate in a conservative manner when calculating the splitter loss values

Prior to deployment of a PON based on this Tool, all values should be manually checked

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Splitter Loss

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Objectives

Revisited

Understand the types of engineering required for a PON network

Understand how the engineering relates to the Kingston Communications network

Understand the PON Planning Tool

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Terawave Communications, Inc.Terawave Communications, Inc.

Lighting The First Mile™

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