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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Communications Specialist Course
Skill 2 Unit 3:
AC Power, Distribution, and Generators
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
AC Power, Distribution, and Generators
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
AC Power, Distribution, and Generators
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Now you see him…
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Now you don’t!
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Unit Objective
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to give a general description of AC power systems and how to safely utilize them in the US&R mission.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Enabling Objectives
Describe both utility supplied and local generator supplied AC power sources
Describe the need for, and use of, electrical safety and equipment protection devices
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Utility Supplied Power Considerations Availability?
Reliability?
Capacity?
Practicality?
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Availability
Do you have permission to use the power?
Are outlets available in the correct area?
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Reliability
Is the utility power affected (or might it be), by the incident or other outside factors?
Is the local infrastructure intact?
Are there hazardous conditions which may require the power to be shut off?
Are receptacles wired correctly?
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Reliability: Are they wired correctly?
Conventional GFCI
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Reliability: What’s hot and what’s not?
Neutral Hot
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Capacity
Check the breakers. Are there sufficient circuits available, at the correct voltage, to provide the necessary power?
Can additional circuits be wired in temporarily?
Is someone available who is qualified to perform the addition of circuits?
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Practicality
How many extension cords will it take and are there enough of the correct sizes, to handle the required power?
How long are we here for?
What are the alternatives?
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Load analysis
Most equipment, currently available, has a label with its voltage and current requirements. By adding up the current requirements of each device, the total load can be calculated.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Load analysis… Calculate the load.
1. 4 computer power supplies: 100-240 volts at 1.5 amps each
2. 6 radio chargers: 115 volts at 1 amp each
3. 10 cell phone chargers: 100-240 volts at 120 ma each
4. 1 fax machine: 120 volts at 2.5 amps
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Load Calculation
Computers 4 x 1.5 A = 6.0 A
Radio chargers 6 x 1.0 A = 6.0 A
Cell phones 10 x .120 A = 1.2 A
Fax machine 2.5 A
________
Total 15.7 A
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Spikes, Surges, Sags, and Brownouts Can be from the utility lines
Can be generated locally
Do not mix sensitive equipment with motorized, rock breaking equipment.
The on and off cycle of the heavy motorized equipment will cause voltage drops and spikes, during start-up and shut down.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Spikes, Surges, Sags, and Brownouts (continued)
Spikes and surges are brief over-voltage conditions which can damage sensitive equipment.
Sags and brownouts are a low voltage conditions which can damage sensitive equipment.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
AC Power Disturbances
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Spikes, Surges, Sags, and Brownouts (continued)
Surge Suppressors, or Line Conditioners, can protect equipment from damaging high voltages.
Surge suppressors, by design, can be destroyed by a significant surge or spike.
A correctly wired grounded outlet is required for a surge suppressor, to work correctly.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Spikes, Surges, Sags and Brownouts (continued)
A UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), or a Line Conditioner, will correct for voltage drops or losses.
A correctly wired receptacle is required for proper operation, prior to a UPS sustaining the load.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Surge Suppressors – How they work
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Extension Cords
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Extension Cords (continued)
Allow operation of equipment in remote/isolated locations.
Isolate the operational area from generator noise.
Needed to distribute power to multiple locations.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Extension Cords (continued)
Rated for their current carrying capacity
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Extension Cords (continued)
Manufacturer’s recommendations
- 100 foot 16 gauge 10 Amps
- 100 foot 14 gauge 13 Amps
- 100 foot 12 gauge 15 Amps
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Extension Cords – Other Considerations What is the condition of the cord?
Is cord getting hot?
Is it a trip hazard?
Protect the cord from damage.
Secure the cord from pulling out of the outlet.
Secure all connections.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Extension Cords (continued)
Label the end of the cord at the power source, with what it’s supplying, as well as the total load.
Label the appliance end of the cord and identify the what the power source is.
On multiple outlet boxes, cover unused receptacles with tape, as a warning to consider the total capacity, before adding more load.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Extension Cords (continued)
Make sure to have all the adapters, surge suppressors, and other supplies you need to support your operation, before leaving the cache.
GFCIs (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters) can prevent shocks and may be required by OSHA.
GFCIs CANNOT prevent all shocks.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Ground Fault Interrupter Circuit
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Generators
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Generators
Large central generator sets may be in place at an incident.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Generators (continued)
Use caution when using lighting-generator units.
These may be shut down during daylight hours, along with your load.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Generators (continued)
Task Force Generators
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Generators (continued)
Calculate the load. Do not overload them.
Know the specifications of your generators and have the manuals available. Multiple receptacles may share the same maximum load.
Know your generator’s runtime and schedule equipment checks and refueling accordingly.
Make sure you have a reliable fuel supply available.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Honda EM7000is 6500 watt max
5500 watt rated
4.5 gal fuel tank 4.7 hrs @ rated load
14.0 hrs @ 1/4 load
200 lbs dry
Clean power from inverter technology
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Honda EM7000is (continued) i-Monitor
Hour meter
Wattage
Diagnostics
OHSA approved GFCI & Neutral bonded to ground
Voltage selector switch
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Power Distribution Kit is included
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Honda EU1000i 1000 watt max
900 watt rated
0.6 gal fuel tank
3.8 hrs@ rated load
8.3 hrs @ ¼ load
29 lbs dry
Clean Power form Inverter Technology
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Honda EU2000i 2000 watt max
1600 watt rated
1.1 gal fuel tank 4 hrs @ rated load
15 hrs @ ¼ load
46.3 lbs dry
Clean Power form Inverter Technology
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Generators
Other Considerations
Exhaust fumes
Noise
Refueling
Maintenance
Security
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Review
Utility Power… Is it available, reliable, capable, and practical.
Calculate the load, by checking the equipment labels, then do the math.
Protect equipment from damage from the power supply.
Protect people with a GFCI device.
Do not overload extension cords. Know their rating(s), secure them, and label them
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Review (continued)
GeneratorsDo not overload
Calculate runtime
Schedule periodic checks
Order fuel
Consider hazards and safety
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Honda Generator Models & Capacities
EU1000i
EU2000i
EB5000X
EM7000is
900 w 1000 w 120
1600 w 2000 w 120
4500 w 5000 w 120 / 240
5500 w 6500 w 120 / 240
Rated Max VoltsModel
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Honda Generator Models & Capacities
EU1000i
EU2000i
EB5000X
EM7000is
7.5 A 120
13.4 A 120
37.5 / 18.8 120 / 240
45.8 / 22.9 120 / 240
Rated VoltsModel
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
EU1000i
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
EU2000i
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
EB5000X
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
EM7000is
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Unit Evaluation
Please fill out the evaluation form for this unit.
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
End
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Now you see him…
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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System
Communications Specialist Course
Now you don’t!