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PARALL
EL STR
UCTURE
CH
AP
TER
10,
P190- 1
94
PARALLEL STRUCTURE IN SENTENCES
My English conversation
class is made up of
Chinese, Spaniards, and
Bosnian students.
• What kind of list can you see in this sentence?
• What is the word form that is being repeated?
PARALLEL STRUCTURE IN SENTENCES
My English conversation
class is made up of
Chinese, Spanish, and
Bosnian students.
Now this sentence follows the
rule of parallelism.
PARALLEL STRUCTURE IN SENTENCES
The students who do well
attend class, they do
their homework, and
practice speaking in
English.• What kind of list can you see in this sentence?
• What is the word form that is being repeated?
PARALLEL STRUCTURE IN SENTENCES
The teacher wanted to
know which country we
came from and our
future goals.
• What kind of list can you see in this sentence?
• What is the word form that is being repeated?
PARALLEL STRUCTURE IN SENTENCES
The language skills of
the students in the
evening classes are the
same as the day
classes.• What kind of list can you see in this sentence?
• What is the word form that is being repeated?
PARALLELISM WITH COORDINATORS
Words, phrases and clauses joined with and, or, and but must follow parallelism.
• Study the examples on p.192. • Identify the repeating structures,
(are they present tense verbs? adverbs? etc.)
PARALLELISM WITH CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS
In paired conjunctions, use parallel forms.
• Study the examples on p.192. • What are the word pairs?• Identify the repeating
structures.
PARALL
EL STR
UCTURE
PR
AC
TI C
E
Parallel structure means using the same grammatical forms in a sentence.
WEDNESDAY
1 OCTO
BER 2014
SENTENCE P
ROBLEMS
SENTENCE FRAGMENTS
Sentence fragments are incomplete sentences.
Problem 1
SENTENCE FRAGMENTS
A complete sentence must
include at least ONE independent
clause.
Rememb
er
SENTENCE FRAGMENTS
Because some students work part-time while
taking a full load of class.
SENTENCE FRAGMENTS
• Add an independent clause.• Delete the subordinator.• Complete the clause with a
missing subject or verb.
Solutions1
CHOPPY SENTENCES
Choppy sentences are too short. There are usually several choppy sentences in a row.
Problem 2
CHOPPY SENTENCES
Wind is an enduring source of power. Water is also an unlimited energy
sourc. Dams produce hydraulic power. They
have existed for a long time. Windmills are
relatively new.
CHOPPY SENTENCES
Combine two or three sentences to make a compound or complex sentence.
Solution 2
RUN-ON SENTENCES
A run-on sentence is a sentence with two or more independent clauses that have no punctuation.
Problem 3a
RUN-ON SENTENCES
My family went to Australia then they
emigrated to Canada.
COMMA SPLICES
A comma splice is a sentence with two or more independent clauses that are joined together with a comma.
Problem 3b
COMMA SPLICES
My family went to Australia, then they
emigrated to Canada.
RUN-ON SENTENCES & COMMA SPLICES
• Add a period.• Add a semicolon.• Add a coordinator.• Add a subordinator.
Solution 3
STRINGY SENTENCES
A stringy sentence has too many clauses, which are usually connected with and, but, so, and sometimes because.
Problem 4
STRINGY SENTENCES
Many students attend classes all morning, and then they have to work all afternoon, and they
also have to study at night, so they are usally
exhausted by the weekend.
STRINGY SENTENCES
• Divide the sentence.• Recombine the clauses, and
add subordinators.
Solution 4