1 of 41 Field Analytical Methods Presenter: Sebastian Tindall DQO Training Course Day 3 Module 22...

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Field Analytical Methods

Presenter: Sebastian Tindall

DQO Training CourseDay 3

Module 22

(15 minutes)(15 minute 2nd Afternoon Break)

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Surface & Subsurface Imaging using DPT Rigs, Sensor Technology and Onsite Analysis Tools

Direct Sensing Technology

A fundamentally better approach for mapping the surface & subsurface

For Brownfields, Property Transfers, NPL sites

Copyright and Patents Pending: Columbia Technologies, 2002

2002 Columbia Technologies

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The Problem• Heterogeneity is the norm• Most investigations are not defensible

– Too few samples– Samples are not representative

• Sampling error supercedes/exceeds lab error• Most clean-up efforts fail

A much larger number of data points are required to reduce uncertainty.


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Managing Uncertainty

• Managing Uncertainty Approach– Systematic Planning– Real Time Measurements– Dynamic Work Plans

• The 7-Step Data Quality Objective Process


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SmartData SolutionsTM

A comprehensive approach integrating recent advances in:

• Sensor technology

• Rapid computational analysis

• Interactive 3D web-casts


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We can now quickly and reliably:

• Provide comprehensive images of the subsurface.

• Manage uncertainty and assess risk.

• Avoid downstream failures and costs.

• Monitor remediation performance.

• Obtain more cost-effective closure.


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SmartData - A continuous stream of chemical and physical data, available in a geo-referenced, digital

and user-friendly format.

Use it for the 3D imaging of subsurface• sources, • pathways, • soil types • remediation effectiveness

Integration with other site data, such as: • Constituent-specific data from discrete/composite samples• Physical features from surface and subsurface


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Advantages of SmartData?

• Large amounts of geo-referenced, digital data that can be rapidly reviewed, processed, posted and displayed for real time analysis and decision making.

• Data that is easily correlated and cross-checked with other data.


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Types of SmartData• The MIP/EC Probe for Fuels and Solvents

– Membrane Interface Probe/Electrical Conductivity– MIP/CPT

• LIF/UVIF – SCAPS/ROST/FFD for Fuels– Laser Induced or UV Fluorescence +/- MIP– LIF/CPT

• Range of Emerging Tools


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Membrane Interface and Conductivity Probe

• For detecting LNAPL, DNAPL,dissolved phase and gas phase VOCs.

• For locating sources and plumes in vadose and saturated zones, in sands and clays.

• For locating hydrologic and geologic units.• For assessing risk of mass transport. • For monitoring treatment effectiveness


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3D Image of Solvent Spill Produced from MIP Profiles


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MIP Downhole Probe

• Heated probe • Semi-permeable

membrane• Contaminant vapors

partition into a carrier gas

• Transported to FID, PID, & ECD detectors at the surface

• Results are displayed in real-time on a lap-top computer.


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Direct Sensing MIP/EC


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Multiple Platforms

• Direct push rigs• CPT units• Drill rigs• Waterborne• All-terrain track• Indoor – limited

access


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Cycle Time = MonthsCycle Time = Months

Historical Process

CoreCore Lab Lab DataDataGapsGapsMapMap ReportsReportsSampleSample ShipShip

SubcontractorsSubcontractors E/C FirmsE/C Firms RegulatorsRegulators


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The Data Problem

• Where are you going to sample?

• How many samples are you going to take?

• Can you get a representative sample?


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SensorSensorss

Advanced Advanced AnalyticsAnalytics

InternetInternetDeliveryDelivery

Cycle Time = Cycle Time = HoursHours


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Smart Sensors

• Continuous profile of subsurface = NO VERTICAL DATA GAPS

• High data density• FAST = Real time information • Combines chemical and geological information• Reproducible in all soil and groundwater

matrices


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Deployable Sensor Systems

Dakota TechnologiesChlorinated Solvents

DNAPL Source Areas

Haloprobe

MultiplePOL hydrocarbons

Chlorinated solvents

Methane

All phases – 200 ppb

Membrane Interface Probe

Dakota TechnologiesCoal tars, creosotes, crudeTarGOST

Vertek supplier

Dakota Technologies

POL Hydrocarbons

No chlorinateds

No dissolved phase

100 PPM

Fuel Fluorescence Detector (FFD)

Hyperlogger

SCAPS (Army, Navy)

ROST (Fugro Geosciences)

Dakota Technologies

POL Hydrocarbons

No chlorinateds

No dissolved phase

10 PPM

Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF)

ProviderTargetSensors


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Multiple Detector Response

Conductivity

FID Detector

PID Detector

ECD Detector

Speed

Temperature


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MIP – GC/MS Correlation

Base of Monitoring Well Above Contaminant

Strong Correlation to GW Sampling and On-Site

Analysis


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Making Data Smart

SmartDataBase

(Patent Pending)

Smart Database• QA/QC Error trapping• Data normalization• Site and contaminant comparison• Formatting and visualization

• Customer Web Interface• Web Cast• Report Deliverables


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Multiple 3D Site Views

Comparison of Comparison of GW Samples to GW Samples to

Continuous Sensor ProfileContinuous Sensor Profile

3D Video of Plume 3D Video of Plume vs. GW Wellsvs. GW Wells


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SmartData SolutionsTM Investigation Strategy

• Use MIP/EC to obtain detailed logs of site.• Generate comprehensive 3-D image. • Then select “more fully representative”

discrete samples for analysis.• Make decisions, focus monitoring/treatment

and close sites, based on the “whole picture”.


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SmartData SolutionsTM Site Assessment Benefits

• Fewer but better sample and monitoring well locations.

• Stop endless investigations!

• Prevent/limit the big problem sites.


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3D Image - Plan View


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Minimum MIP-PID Response

Note the plume appears unbounded at these locations


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Same Site - plume based on limited lab results

DPT Sample Results Color indicates BTEX concentration in ug/L

BTEX plume based on DPT results – less resolution


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SmartData SolutionsTM Risk Assessment

• Calculate contaminant mass per hydrogeologic unit

• Determine mass available for migration

• Determine risk from available mass

• Assess monitoring options vs remedial options per hydrogeologic unit


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SmartData SolutionsTM Risk Assessment Benefits

• Provide adequate basis for RBCA.

• Reduce Regulator’s uncertainty.

• Increase confidence in fate and transport modeling with more data density.


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SmartData SolutionsTM Remediation Strategy

• Use detailed MIP and EC data to assess risk and, if needed, to focus treatment.

• Clearly differentiate available mass.• Target units with available mass.• Monitor treatment effectiveness with

second MIP survey.


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Available Mass Assessment

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

Distance in Feet (10x)

Dep

th in

Fee

t

M IP Location 5 M IP Location 3M IP Location 2 M IP Location 7

1E+006

3E+006

5E+006

8E+006

PID (uV)

C olum bia Technologiesw w w.colum biadata.com

1-888-344-2704

BTEX Transect, A to BIn C enterline D irection of G roundw ater F low

0

2

9

16

23

Soil Conductivity (mS/M)

Direction of G roundwater F low

M IP Location 14


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Feasibility Assessment Benefits

• Understand location of chemicals relative to geology.

• Understand pathways and treatment potential.

• Treat only if rational.

• Focus each treatment.


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Natural Degradation of Petroleum

S oil C onductiv ityin m S /m

E stim ated D istance in x10 Feet

Depth

in

Feet

P ID R esponsein uV

M IP -09M IP -10M IP -07M IP -01M IP -02

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

-12

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

0

10

20

30

40

A A'

Finer G ra inedPartic les

C ourser G ra inedPartic les

G roundw ater

3E+006

5E+006

3E+006

5E+006

FID R esponsein uV


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Benefits from using SmartData SolutionsTM

• More complete source characterization than traditional phased approach.

• Better source and plume delineation in relationship to stratigraphy = more realistic, effective, and targeted remediation.

• Net Result:– More realistic planning– Quicker assessments and cleanups– Lower overall project cost


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How does SmartData SolutionsTM lower costs?

• Reduces time on site and need for revisits.

• Reduces need/# of lab samples.

• Reduces need/# of monitoring wells.

• Expedites reporting.

• Provides better documentation for Monitored Natural Attenuation, Technical Impracticability or RCRA based closures.


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Summary• SmartData SolutionsTM Lowers Costs and

Increases Success in:– Source area and plume characterization– Migration pathway delineation– Remediation effectiveness– Performance monitoring– Verification sampling

With higher resolution data, presented as a comprehensive 3D image of the subsurface,

while the teams are still in the field.


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Case Studies

http://www.columbiadata.com/coltech/aol_gmail.cfm?id=31


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J. Edward “Ned” Tillman, Columbia Technologies

1450 So Rolling RdBaltimore, MD 21227

410-536-9911410-536-0222 (Fax)

[email protected]://www.columbiadata.com

For further information:

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Field Analytical Methods

Web Sites:

http://fate.clu-in.org/

http://www.frtr.gov/site/

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End of Module 22

Thank you

Questions?

We will now take our second 15 minute afternoon break.

Please be back in 15 minutes.

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