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Pillar two Non mobile (blue collar) workers, logistics functions

Presentation and discussion on training offer

Final conference, Brussels,

3 & 4 April, 2012

AFT-IFTIM

Access to the profession and perspectives

• Unskilled worker (handler, order picker) – no training or particular level of studies required in the companies;

• Next step: forklift trainingForklift truck operator;

• Additional training available for further career evolution – documentation and planning of storage with computer planning operations, steering or supervising of logistical processes at the warehouse, safety regulations and accomplishment, statistical indicators of the warehouse performance warehouse keeper, store keeper, master craftsman, operations coordinator, logistics planner etc.

No particular training required for basic jobs

Provision of definitions of job descriptions for the purpose of employment and vocational career guidance– Employment agencies, vocational legislation, Chambers of Commerce.

For unskilled worker (ISCO 933 group - handler, order picker) – no training or particular level of studies is required to start working in a Warehouse.

In most of cases, the training for blue-collar worker (handler, helper and unskilled worker is done within the companies).

The further training to become a forklift driver is offered at external training centers. A specific license is provided after passing the examination including theory and practice.

…but training is required to operate a forklift truck

The duration of training programmes aiming only the obtention of the forklift driver certificate are rather short –from 8 hours to 100h including the test. The course includes the required theoretical and practical aspects needed for driving a forklift truck in safe conditions, first aid, health and safety rules in a warehouse etc.

The forklift operator course can be part of training programmes for vocational training of longer duration - 2-3 years (like Skilled worker for store logistics, Skilled store assistant, Master craftsman etc.).

The duration and prices vary from one country to another. The shortest one was recorded in Bulgaria – 1 day - 8 hours, but the usual duration is of 3-10 days. Access conditions: • Older than 18 years• Physically and mentally qualified (medical certificate)

Prices vary according the type of forklift targeted and start from 40-65 €In Bulgaria up to 320 € in Austria.

A variety of training programmes…

A wide variety of courses are available for further career development towards jobs like Skilled employee - warehouse logistics, skilled employee – logistics/materials management, master craftsman in logistics etc.

The observed duration is between 6 to 30 months, being done in full time or part time, often being part of apprenticeship.

Training programmes can be divided into 3 main categories, according to their characteristics:

Type of programme Purpose Targeted population

Vocational programmes Basic logistics education Young people, usually under 25 years

Programmes for unemployed

More or less the same content as for unskilled employees, but also includes elements able to facilitate the job seeking

Unemployed people

Programmes of updating existing skills

Provide higher qualification to unskilled employees than those they can obtain through on-the-job training

Unskilled employees

…and possibilities of career development

For those having acquired the basic skills through the basic education, allowing them to carry out a specific logistics job (especially youngsters), further education programmes, focused on the ongoing development of skills for employees, are available.

Most of them are part-time or short full-time programmes.

The modes of financing also cover a variety of situations – on own expenses, covered by employment agencies for jobseekers, salary partly paid to the employee during his training (Denmark, AMU system), fees covered 100% by the employer or 50/50 by the employer and the employee.

The interviews within companies have revealed that most of them agree to cover the expenses for the training of their employees.

Best elements are encouraged to follow trainings, starting from the forklift driver courses and further, allowing them to undertake functions at a higher level (team leader, storekeeper, warehouse manager…).

Czech Republic: example of blue collar training

Forklift driver: • Conditions of admission: Min. 18 years old;Medical certificate• The training: Delivered by a training centre, 2-3 days. Varies according to the type of forklift truck. • Validation:Exam (test) to obtain the certificate. The certificate is to be renewed every year, which is done after a training of 1 day.

Storekeeper: no specific initial training is required by employers. Nevertheless, many employers prioritize candidates which have at least their high school degree and/or a training of warehouse and transport operator.

The duration is 3 years and the course is delivered by some professional schools.

Apprenticeship training to become a Warehouse operator (Denmark)

First Aid / Fire 0.5 weeks Intro t. transport 2.0 weeks Intro driving lessons 1.0 weeks handling / stowage 1.0 weeks Transportation Science 1.5 weeks Informationstekn. 1.0 weeks Transportation Danish 1.0 weeks Transport Industrial relations 0.5 weeks Transport Geography 1.0 weeks New to store 2.0 weeks Forklift cert. B 2.5 weeks Work-Industry Fixed 0.5 weeks

14.5 weeks

Category B 1.6 weeks,Convenient store 1.0 weeks-Unit Loads 1.0 weeks-Social Studies 1.0 weeks-Computer inventory management-introduction 1.0 weeks -Ergonomics 0.4 weeks 6 weeks

Computer inventory management 1.0 weeksCustomer service stock 0.6 weeksSocial Studies 0.5 weeksHealth 0.5 weeksErgonomics 0.6 weeksStorage and shipment of dangerous goods 0.8 weeksForeign Language 1.0 weeks5 weeks

Computer inventory management 2 1.0 weeksStorage Economics 1.0 weeksTime, case and resource management 0.6 weeksForeign Language 1.0 weeksLogistics and collaboration 1.0 weeksQuality management and quality consciousness 0.8 weeksElective 0.2 weeks5.6 weeks

Specialty Warehouse & Transport

Entrepreneurship and Innovation 1.0 weeksDriving Training cat. C 1.6 weeksBasic skills training EU 8.0 / 4.0 weeks

10.6 / 6.6 weeks

Specialty Warehouse & Logistics

Logistics Management and organization 4.0 weeksEntrepreneurship and Innovation 1.0 weeksLast Fuse 0.6 weeksOptional specialization 4.0 weeks9,6 weeks9.6 weeks

Apprenticeship

Social Studies of International affairs and study 1.7 weeksInformation technology 1.0 weeksApprenticeship 0.5 weeksElective 0.6 weeks

3.8 weeks

Stock 1 Stock 2 Stock 3Basic course

Germany : warehouse operator course

France: warehouse operator training

The title in National language is: Titre Professionnel (TP) AGENT MAGASINIER

Another option is the B.E.P transport et logistique• The translation in English could be: warehouse operator, warehouse agent

• B.E.P transport et logistique: vocational studies certificate in Transport and logistics.

TP AGENT MAGASINIER: A holder of an advanced vocational diploma in Logistics and Marketing participates in: reception, storage and monitoring of mainly wholesale or direct wholesale products. He (she) drives a fork-lift truck to move stacked cases, pallets or boxes in the storage area. He (she) stores goods so that they can be recovered quickly as soon as the customer requests them. He (she) produces goods reception or dispatch sheets. He (she) prepares orders. He (she) records each product entry and exit on the computer, which enables him (her) to monitor product flows and stock levels. He (she) performs several marketing operations: welcoming customers and suppliers, etc., dealing with messages, advice, use and storage recommendations, taking orders, saying goodbye to customers. He (she) works in relation with the administrative, commercial and, where applicable, the technical services as well as with the representatives of ordering entities or transport agents.

Range of occupations accessible to the holder of the certificate• Warehouse agent/operator• Team leader• Inventory clerk• Inventory manager• Warehouse manager

This title is level V occupational title and/or Certificat de Compétences Professionnelles (CCP -Certificate of Professional Competence). It is also possible to obtain the title of warehouse agent with 3 CCPs after an interview with the jury, through a process of Validation des Acquis de l'Expérience (VAE – Recognition of Prior Learning).

Duration: 665 hours + in-company training periods

France: warehouse operator training

Good practices

Within companies

- Shift of jobs to better understand the impact and interaction of his activity on colleagues

- Interaction of training within careers

Within training organisation/providers

- Dealing with pedagogical methods

- Involvement of social partners in the design of training (i.e. Titre Professionnel Préparateur de Commande en Entrepôt, Accord de branche, France).

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Good practices highlight importance of training

Good practices – Implementation of career development policies at a company level

Road transport company, France

An employee, who started his career as a fork lift driver.

Strongly motivated, interested in his career evolution, he was encouraged by the company to follow some upgrade training in logistics and management.

Within 3 years since he started to work in the company, he reached the position of platform agent (goods reception specialist).

Road transport company, Bulgaria

Having a vocational degree in transport, this employee was recruited early after the creation of the company, as a « handyman »

Within 3 years during which the company has developed its activities, this employee was encouraged to follow the forklift driver training and 4 short courses (logistics management, management of a warehouse) in order to be able to undertake the functions of a warehouse manager .

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Career development which relies on a joint motivation employee-employer to promote/follow continuous training

rather than on one country’s specificities

Good practices : introductory and regular training

Denmark, Bulgaria

Introductory side by side training when a newly recruited employee starts working in the warehouse;

Rising the awareness and responsibilisation of the employee by training him the health and safety rules and how to behave in a warehouse. The employee signs a kind of disclaimer at the end of the probatory period confirming that he had followed this course and was informed about the safety and health rules.

First-aid, fire prevention, gestures and postures training every 6 months, every year or every 2 years;

The company stimulates the interest of employees in training, pay for various courses and encourage initiative and willingness of career development for the most determined.

Good practices coming from training centres: innovating in training techniques

Training centre, DenmarkNICT applied to training of warehouse non mobile logistics personnelIllustration: the « warehouse » and the forklift trucks

A touchscreen, a TV set and an IT application for an interactive and autonomous approach of learning how to operate a forklift truck in safe conditions.

Good practices coming from training centres: innovating in training techniques

Description of the approach:

Operations of driving of each forklift truck available in the warehouse, loading, unloading, also storage on the racks processes are recorded on camera;

Processing of these short movies and creation of a software. Pictograms on the screen are labelled Truck 1, Truck 2, Truck 3…, one for each truck available.

The trainees can touch any of the pictograms (for the truck they are interested in) and watch the movie, even in the absence of the trainer. Besides the right gestures illustrated in the video, the trainers also highlighted some common mistakes to be avoided and possible accidents.

Good practices coming from training centres: innovating in training techniques

Further developments

An increasing number of training centres in the new member States

(Lithuania, Romania, Bulgaria);

Despite the difficulties and competition, serious training centres make

efforts to develop their own infrastructure and equipment. Example: the

interviewed training Centre in Vilnius, Lithuania. Development of its

own imitation of warehouse, increase of the fleet of forklift trucks;

In the absence of their own infrastructures: partnerships with

warehousing companies to send the trainees for practical courses.