1 Reading Grammar

8/20/2019 1 Reading Grammar

1/58

Present Continuous / READING TEXTWarm up1. Do you like New York? Why? Why not?

2. Named two famous buildings you can see there.

1. Read the text.

Sarah Miller is in New York. She is writing a letter to her best friend.

Dear Sophia,ow are you? ow is !ondon? " am hain! a #ery good time in New York. "t$s

Sunday and it$s sunny and warm. Now it$s ten in the morning and we are in %entral &ark. " amsittin! under a tree, " am "istenin! to my radio' and " am #ritin! to you, of course.My %anadian cousin (osemary is here with us, she is readin! a comic. She$s #ery pretty.She$s tall and slim and she has got long wa#y brown hair. er parents are in )oronto.

My father is readin! )he New York )imes, an *merican newspaper. My mother isp"a$in! with my little brother +immy on the grass and they are eatin! popcorn. )here are many people in the park. Some men are %o!!in!, two girls are #a"&in! their dogs, andan old man is s&atin! *nd he can do that -uiet well.

We often come to this fantastic park, in this wonderful city because we re"ax here. utsometimes we #isit other interesting places/ museums, shops' New York is great )here are many fantastic skyscrapers and there are people e#erywhere !o#e, Sarah

2. No# ans#er these 'uestions

1. What is Sarah$s surname? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

2. Where is Sarah? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

(. What is she doing? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

). What is the weather like, there? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

*. Who is Sarah writing to? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

+. What is Sarah$s father doing? 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

,. "s Sarah$s brother eating a hamburger? 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

-. ow many girls are walking their dogs in the park? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

. *re men playing tennis? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

1. Does Sarah like New York? Why? 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

I am eating.

’m

You, we, they are

’re

He, she, it is

's


2/58

Present Continuous / READING TEXT

(ead the te1t and answer the -uestions/

"2m sittin! on the beach, eating an ice3cream, *lice and &aul are s#immin! in the sea and )om is in the park.e2s p"a$in! with his friend. &eter is "istenin! to the radio and reading. We2re hain! a fantastic holiday. *bercwm is a littlefishing #illage in north Wales with a park, a castle, some (oman remains and some lo#ely gardens, and there is a littlefishing port with a lighthouse. 4#erybody here is really friendly. " think we2re lucky. )his is our second holiday this year and we2re doing

5ust what we want to do/ s"eepin!0 eatin!0 and p"a$in! games. )he food is lo#ely too.

oa3u"ar$remains64ishin! i""a!e6"i!hthouse6"u&$6

1. What2s the author of the te1t doing? 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

2. What are *lice and &aul doing?

00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 (. What is &eter doing?

00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ). Where2s )om?

00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 *. Where2s *bercwm?

00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

Present Continuous / READING TEXT

)his is *nna$s first letter in 4nglish to Da#id. )here are some mistakes. (ewrite wrong #erb forms .7nderline if the #erb form is correct/

Dear Da#id, " li#e '. in a large flat in (ome. "$m ha#ing'.. hae '.. two sisters. )hey are called (osa and Maria. We are getting up

00000000000000 at se#en o$clock e#ery morning, and we hae 00000000000000000 coffee and a small breakfast. " "eae

00000000000000000 the flat at eight and walk to the uni#ersity. " am 4inishin! 00000000000000000 classes at fi#e e#ery day, and "

arri#e 00000000000000000 home at si1. )his month " work 00000000000000000 #ery hard for my e1ams. At the moment0 " eat

00000000000000000 breakfast in the kitchen of our flat, my mother drinks 00000000000000000 coffee, and my sisters are reading

00000000000000000 maga8ines.

5n 6aturda$ a4ternoons " am playing 00000000000000000000 tennis with my friends, or

" go 00000000000000000000 to the cinema. )oday, "$m going to see a new 4nglish film. Sometimes " am watching

00000000000000000000 *merican films on )9, but "$m not understanding 00000000000000000000 the words *re you liking 00000000000000000000 films?

&lease write to me soon. With best wishes,

*nna


3/58

Reading 1 - comprehension with questions

(ead the te1t and then try to answer the following -uestions without seeing the te1t/

Peter is an e"etriian. 7e8s !oin! out the door. 7e is !ettin! into his ar. Ri!ht no# he is startin!the motor. The ar is moin!. 7e is driin! past a rai"#a$ station. 7e is stoppin! the ar. 7is4riend is !ettin! in the ar. The$ are driin! to #or&. Peter8s 4riend is happ$ to 3e in the ar. It is

'uite ear"$ in the mornin!0 and toda$ it8s er$ o"d. Peter8s 4riend is !oin! to 3e ear"$ 4or #or&toda$.

6e"et the orret ans#er in the 3ox on the ri!ht91. What is Peter: 7e is a;n< ========== .

*: mechanic : electrician %: chemist D: plumber2. What is he doin! 4irst: 7e8s ========== .

*: getting into his car : going out the door %: starting the motor D: is mo#ing(. What is Peter startin!: 7e8s startin! ========== .

*: the train : the door %: the motor D: his car). What is his 4riend doin!: 7e8s ========== .

*: stopping the car : getting in the car %: dri#ing past a railway station D: starting the motor*. 7o# is Peter8s 4riend 4ee"in!: 7e8s 4ee"in! ========== .

*: cold : late %: happy D: warm+. 7is 4riend "i&es to 3e in the ar 3eause ========== .

*: it;s #ery cold today : it;s -uite early in the morning %: he;s going to work D: he;s dri#ing past a railway station,. Where are the$ driin!: The$8re driin! ========== .

*: to work : to the railway station %: to &eter;s place D: to a mo#ie-. Peter8s 4riend is !oin! to 3e ========== .

*: cold for work day : late for work %: sick of work D: early for work


4/58

NO FRIENDS FOR ME (To e present! Simp"e present#

I am lonely. I am always by myself. I meet people every day. I smile at them. I say hello. I am nice to them. I want

to have a friend. But I have no friends. What is wrong with me? I am polite. I am friendly. I am nice. I am kind.

Why don’t people like me? All I want is one friend. Everyone has one friend. I always see people with their friends.

hey laugh with each other. hey have fun with each other. hey do things with each other. What about me? I am by myself. I watch ! by myself. I go to movies by myself. I go to restaurants by myself. I go to the park by

myself. I told my mother that I am lonely. "he said it is my fault. #Why?$ I askefd. "he said% #Because you never

ask anyone to be with you.$ &y mom is right. I never ask people to be with me. I am afraid they will say no.

1. Read the text and write the verbs.

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________

2. Read the passages again and make questions according to.

1. ______________________________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________________________ SIMP! PR!S!"#$ %!!M!"#&R'(

$REND%N

Read the text carefully.

Hi! I’m Brendan. I’m ten years od and I’m a student.I ie in "ier#oo with my $amiy% my $ather, my mother, my &rother om and my

sister (usan. om is three years od and (usan is $ourteen. )y $ather is an engineer and mymother is a nurse. )y mum and my dad are $rom *aes. hey are $orty+two years od. *e ie in a detahed house. It has got two -oors and the atti. n the rst oor thereare /e rooms% the ha, the 0ithen, the iing room, the dining room and the toiet. n thesecond oor there are three &edrooms and two &athrooms. here is a garage on the righto$ the house and a sma garden in $ront o$ the house. *e are a ery ha##y $amiy!

A – Mark the sentences TRUE or FALSE accordin to the text. !orrect the false ones.

T F

". 1. Brendan and his $amiy ie in

"ondon.#. 2. His sister is three years od.$. 3. Brendan’s $ather is an engineer.%. 4. here are $our &edrooms u#stairs.&. 5. here is a garage.


5/58

' – Ans(er the )uestions a*out the text.

". How od is Brendan

___________________________________________________________________________

#. Is he a student

_______________________________________________________________________________

$. *hat’s his mother’s o&

________________________________________________________________________

%. re his #arents $rom ngand

___________________________________________________________________

&. How od are they

_____________________________________________________________________________

+. How many -oors are there in his house

___________________________________________________________

,. *here is the 0ithen

__________________________________________________________________________

-. How many toiets are there

_____________________________________________________________________

. re there two &athrooms u#stairs

_______________________________________________________________

"/. Is there a &ig garden

___________________________________________________________________________

!0 S1EA23456 4o( re(rite the story. Use 7ronoun 89e:

He’s Brendan. He’s ten yearsod._________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________


6/58


7/58

SIM&'E &RESENT (&RE-INTERMEDI%TE#

Read the follo(in text and ;ake )uestions a*out.

&ETS

merians oe #ets. &out 6 #erent o$ merians ie with one or more animas.

&out $our in ten households hae at east one dog. hree in ten househods own at

least one at.

merians thin0 o$ their #ets as 7art of the $amiy7 89 #erent o$ #et owners gie

their #ets hoiday or &irthday #resents, 1 and 33 #erent o$ #et owners ta0 to their #etson the #hone or through the answering mahine. )any #et owners see# with their dogs

or ats. )any #eo#e trae with their #ets. :It osts a&out ;56 to -y with a #et.< (ome

hotes aow guests to &ring their #ets.

merians #ay a ot o$ money to 0ee# #ets. hey s#end ;12 &iion a year in et &is

and #et su77lies. here are shoos, toys, hotes, restaurants, othes, and emeteries

$or #ets. here are maga=ines $or #et owners. here are hundreds o$ *e& sites $or #et

owners.

>ets are a ot o$ $un. hey are a?etionate, too. >eo#e who are oney get a ot o$

oe $rom their animas. )edia researh shows that ontat with a dog or a at an

ower a #erson's &ood #ressure.

>ets need a ot o$ attention. Be$ore you &uy a #et, it's im#ortant to as0 yourse$ these

@uestions%

• re you #atient

• re you home a ot

• I$ you hae hidren, are they res#onsi&e

• re #ets aowed where you ie

An$ortunatey, some #eo#e don't reai=e that #ets need a ot o$ are. (ome #eo#e

see a ute #u##y or 0itten, &uy it, and ater a&andon it &eause they don't want to ta0e

are o$ it. It is im#ortant to understand that a #et is a ong+term res#onsi&iity.

ectionate6 oing, $riendy,

at least6 as a minimumhousehold ChaDshEDd noun F G hous, $amiy7 a $amiy or grou# o$ #eo#e who ie together in ahouse

)any househods own more than one teeision.take care of s*?sth6 0eE r to oo0 a$ter someone or something

)y #arents are going to ta0e are o$ the house whie we're away.cute 0ut adetie attratie7 eer in a way that is annoying or rude

a ute &a&yHe thin0s it's ute to te dirty o0es.

a>ectionate EC$e0JEnEt ad. showing that you i0e or oe someone :sediKini &ei eden<

an a>ectionate itte girHe's ery a>ectionate.

;edical CmedL0E ad. reating to mediine and di?erent ways o$ uring iness + ;edicaltreat;ent?student

reali@e6 understand, reogni=e

su77ly6 soure,

three in ten6 316

throuh6 &y means o$, ia, &y

". __________________________________________________________________________________

#. __________________________________________________________________________________

$. __________________________________________________________________________________

%. __________________________________________________________________________________


8/58

na;e – 7lace – o* – o7iniona*out o*

The rst7erson in

fa;ily

The second7erson in thefa;ily.

&. __________________________________________________________________________________

+. __________________________________________________________________________________

,. __________________________________________________________________________________

>aragra#h >an SIM&'E &RESENT!TO $E &RESENT (&RE-

INTERMEDI%TE#

2ATE

)y name is Gatherine, &ut I'm aed 'Mate' &y my $riends. I ie

near "eeds, in the north+east o$ ngand. I'm a denta nurse. I wor0 $or

a young ustraian dentist. He's ery nie and he's a ery good

dentist, &ut I don't i0e my o& ery muh.

)y sister is aed )ary. (he's married with two hidren, a gir

and a &oy, and ies in a house near "ondon, in a town aed n/ed.

(he's a teaher. (he teahes in a &ig shoo in the north o$ "ondon.

(he i0es her o& ery muh.

)y &rother's name is Neorge. He is singe. He doesn't hae a o&.

He's unem#oyed. He sits at home wathes teeision a the time. I

thin0 he is ery a=y.

I oe my sister and my &rother a ot.

". *hat is Gatherine aed &y her $riends

__________ #. *here does she ie

________________________

$. Ooes she ie with her sister

_________________

%. *hat does she do

__________________________

&. Ooes she i0e her o&

________________________

+. *here is the dentist $rom

____________________ ,. Ooes Gatherine i0e him

______________________

-. *hat is her sisterBs na;e

____________________

. Is she married

______________________________ "/. *hat does she do

___________________________

"". *here does she wor0

________________________

"#. Ooes she i0e her o&

________________________

"$. Ooes she ie in "ondon

______________________

"%. Ooes she ie in a -at or a house

_______________ "&. *hat does Gatherine's &rother do

______________

"+. *hat's his name

4o( tell a*out you and your fa;ily.


9/58

na;e – 7lace – o* – o7iniona*out o*

The rst7erson infa;ily

The second7erson in thefa;ily.

C7inion

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

M (

1. )r P is a ery &usy man. He’s a teaher at Nuan >riate >rimary (hoo and he has a #art+

time o& at Ishi0 Aniersity . )r P wor0s hard, &ut he enoys what he does. He usuay arriesat his oQe at eight o’o0 in the morning and wor0s unti one. He aways eats unh at hisdes0 at wor0. hen he eaes $or the uniersity.

2.


10/58

3. )r P is &usy in the eening, too. He usuay studies $or seera hours eery night. n)ondays and *ednesdays, howeer, he aways #ays soer R he reay oes s#orts. *henhe has time, he sometimes goes out $or dinner or sho##ing.

4.5. n the wee0ends, )r P o$ten inites 15 or 26 $riends to oin him $or a #ini in the #ar0. His

$aorite atiity at a #ini R #aying soer.

Read the article a*out To; and ans(er the )uestions.

". Ooes )r P wor0 hard __________________________________________________________________________________________

#. Ooes he enoy it __________________________________________________________________________________________

$. *here does he usuay eat unh __________________________________________________________________________________________

%. Ooes )r P #ay any s#orts *hat s#ort:s


11/58

1. (he is young. Her shoes are od. (he wears them to wor0. (he goes to wor0 /e days a wee0.(he oes her wor0. (he is a waitress. (he wor0s at a restaurant. he restaurant is near herhome. (he wa0s to the restaurant. (he stands u# a day ong. (he is young and strong. Buther shoes are not. hey are od. (he saw an ad in the #a#er. shoes were on sae at theshoe store. (he wa0ed into the store. (he oo0ed around. (he saw some &a0 shoes. heyoo0ed good. (he tried them on. hey were ery om$orta&e. hey $et good. hey were ony;25. (he #aid ash. (he wore them home. (he $et good. (he was ready $or wor0 the neSt day.

S3M1LE 1AST

5eore Dashinton

he man many #eo#e a the 'Tather o$ the Anited (tates o$ meria' was &orn on11 Te&ruary 1832 in Uirginia, then a British colony in meria. He was a seondeneration merian &eause his grand$ather had &een &orn in ngand.

Neorge *ashington didn't go to shoo &eause there were no shoos in the areawhere he ied. He earnt some arithmeti &ut he didn't earn to s#e ery we. *hen he&eame the /rst >resident o$ the new nation he was o$ten ritiised $or his &ad s#eing.

*hen Neorge was seenteen he got a o& as a #anner $or the new town o$ eSandria. He was a ery ta :1.9m


12/58

c. *hih ountry's army did he /ght in a$ter that *hat was the /rst ountry he $oughtagainst

d. *hat ountry did he /ght against a$ter that#. Read the text aain and (rite (hat ha77ened on these dates. So;e of thedates are ;entioned as ti;e references such as6 Bt(o years laterB.

a. 1832*. 1849c. 1854d. 1859

e. 1885f. 188. 18V9h. 1V61

$. Read and ans(er these )uestions.a. *hy did the oonists want to &e inde#endent*. *hat ha##ened in 188V that hanged the warc. How did *ashington die

A4SDER 2E6

".

a. merian

*. Britain’s

c. meria’s#.

a. *ashington was &orn.

*. Neorge *ashington got a o& as a #anner $or the new town o$ eSandria. He was

seenteen.

c. He &eame a "ieutenant Goone in the British rmy.

d. He married )artha.

e. *ashington was eeted Gommander+in+Ghie$ o$ the merian army.

f. Gongress #assed the Oearation o$ Inde#endene. he war &etween ngand and

meria &egan.

. *ashington was eeted the /rst >resident o$ the A(.

h. )artha *ashington died.

$

a. hey didn't want to #ay taSes to the British Noernment.

*. he Trenh sent sodiers against the British.

c. He aught a od and &eame ery i.


13/58

S3M1LE 1RESE4T TE4SE

9A43!A11E 1EC1LE C USEFUL DCR2

Xose#h mmons an't use his eyes. He's &ind. He has a trained dog named Busterthat eads him where he wants to go. Buster sees $or )r. mmons. He's aed a seeing+eyedog.though )r. mmons has a handia#, it isn't a &ig #ro&em. He has a use$u o& and heearns his own money. )r. mmons ses &rooms and mo#s to #eo#e in this #art o$ the ity.He has wor0ed eery day eSe#t (unday $or $orty years.

)r. mmons gets u# at %66 eery morning and eats &rea0$ast with his wi$e. hen heeaes the house at 8%66. He hods Buster and wa0s $rom house to house. He arries hismo#s and &rooms with him. *hie he ta0s to #eo#e, the dog sits and waits. he #eo#e

hoose a &room, and then they #ay him.Buster doesn't et )r. mmons ta0 to #eo#e ery ong. He i0es to 0ee# moing. Itta0es $our and one+ha$ months to wa0 to eery house in this #art o$ the ity. )r. mmonsisits eah house eery $our months, and &y then the #eo#e are usuay ready to &uy new&rooms.

)r. mmons i0es his o&. He's ery heathy &eause he wor0s outside eery day. Butthese days he has a #ro&em. His &rooms ast so ong that sometimes they are sti gooda$ter $our months. hen no&ody needs to &uy a new one.

)r. mmons is #roud o$ his &rooms &eause &ind #eo#e ma0e them. He #i0s u# anew su##y o$ &rooms eery wee0. He says, I$ you don't se #eo#e something good,they're not going to &uy $rom you the seond time you ome around.

GC!A'ULAR6&indhandia##edearn&roommo#


14/58


15/58

Si;7le 1ast Tense

DINOS%)RS 'I*ED M%N+ +E%RS %,O

A. Read the follo(in text and underline the Si;7le 1ast

Tense.

Oinosaurs ied on the earth $or 135 miion years. hey a##eared266 miion years ago, and they disa##eared 5 miion years ago. hey

were the argest animas eer to ie on earth, and they rued the earth $or a ery ong#eriod o$ time.Oinosaurs ied in Worth meria, in $ria, and in uro#e. Ouring this time, the and

in Worth meria was under a arge, shaow sea. )any dinosaurs ied in the water, whihhe#ed to hod u# their great weight. he eary dinosaurs wa0ed on two $eet, and they atemeat. he ater dinosaurs were arger and wa0ed on $our $eet. (ome o$ the ater dinosaursate #ants ony.

he (tegosaurus was ery arge. It was a #ant eater, &ut it was o$ten in danger $romthe meat+eating dinosaurs. It deeo#ed saes aong its &a0 to #rotet itse$.

he (tegosaurus was so arge that it too0 a ong time $or messages to trae $rom its&rain to its egs. o soe this #ro&em, it deeo#ed a Zseond &rain[ &y its &a0 egs toontro its eg moements.

*hy did dinosaurs die out Wo&ody 0nows $or sure. >ro&a&y a hange in the weathermade serious #ro&ems $or them. &out 86 miion years ago, the \o0y )ountains $ormedin Worth meria. he #ant i$e and the weather hanged. >erha#s the dinosaurs oudn'thange $ast enough.

>eo#e who i0e dinosaurs an see $ossis in Oinosaur Wationa >ar0. his #ar0 is inAtah and Goorado. Tossis are &ones whih hae &eome stone. Tossis hae taught us a ota&out these great animas o$ the #ast.

'.Make infor;ation )uestions (ith the )uestions (ords *elo( and ans(er each)uestion (ith a short ans(er.

". Oinosaurs ied on the earth $or 135 miion years.


16/58

hold u76 kee7 u7K shore u7K su77ort

"I&'(E 'A" E)"E* 'A" 'E+,E-

TE &'%NE T%T F'E. SO'O

1 Read the unusua) stor* and number the events in the box in the order the* happened+ 1$,.

a( ......he plane took off without the pilot

b( ......he plane had mechanical trouble

c( ......he pilot got out to restart the plane

d( ......he pilot took off

e( ......he plane started to move along

-( ......he pilot landed

-arol all looked out of her office window and wondered what was going on. A yellow% single/engine

plane was moving along the runway% apparently ready for take/off% e0cept that it 1ust missed another aircraft that

was coming in to land.

2We couldn2t understand what the pilot was trying to do%2 said &s all.

A moment later% she found the answer% as the pilot rushed into her office and called the emergency services.

is plane had left without him. If that was unusual% what followed was almost unbelievable% as the plane got faster%

lifted off into the air% and climbed to 3%444 feet.

he pilot% 'aul "irks% had taken off early in the morning to meet friends for breakfast in Illinois.

But his plane began having mechanical trouble and as he landed at 5rimes ,ield% the engine stopped / so he

got out to restart it by turning the propeller. As he did so% the engine started. And before he could get back in% the

plane began to move across the airfield.

2It 1ust got away from him and took off%2 &s all e0plained.

2. Put these events -rom the stor* in the correct points on the time)ine be)ow

a( he pilot called the emergency services.

b( he plane left without its pilot.

66.... 666 time of speaking

'ast present

/. Why is the past simple used for one event in the te0t 7the pilot... called the emergency services) and the past perfect used for another 7is plane had left without him.)'?..............................................................................................................................................................................................

(Developing Grammar in Context- p !)

". ###################################################################################.

$. ###################################################################################.

%. ###################################################################################.

. ###################################################################################.

&. ###################################################################################.


17/58

1ERSC4ELK 1CSSESS3GE and REFLE3GE 1RC4CU4S:>\+IW\)OI<

". The text *elo( descri*es ro*ots desined to think like 7eo7le. Read the text andans(er the )uestion.9o( are the ro*ots di>erent fro; hu;ansH]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]].

MAR!9 CF T9E MA!934ES

*e &uit ots o$ itte ro&ots on whees. *e gae them 'eyes' to see with, a tiny &rain toearn with + the same sort that humans hae, &ut muh ess #ower$u. nd the rest we et them/nd out $or themsees.*e didn't #rogramme them7 we didn't gie them instrutions. nd what did they do in the new

word they $ound themsees in "i0e hidren, they earned.ne o$ them &eame a 'eader'. *hen they wanted to, they hose a new eader. nd

when one o$ these itte ro&ots &eame wea0, with a ow &attery, the others '&uied' him. hey&uit u# a whoe soia order o$ their own. Yet they were mahines with ess &rain #ower than a&ee. &rain's #ower an &e measured &y the num&er o$ e+onnetions in it. ur ro&ots hae56. human &rain has a &iion.

*e humans, their reators, gae our ro&ots ust one &asi instint + suria. he restthey $ound out $or themsees.

#. Are the 7ronouns underlined in these sentences correct or notH Look *ack at thetext to check.a= *e didn't #rogramme they7 we didn't gie they, instrutions.................................................

*= ... the others '&uied' he...................................................................................................c= hey &uit u# a whoe soia order o$ their own..................................................................d= he rest they, $ound out $or heirsees ...............................................................................$. 3n the textK (ho or (hat is6a= we.......................... *= it ]]]]]]] c= they ]]]]]]

(Grammar in Context 2, p189 )

>((((IU and O)W(\IU(:>\+IW\)OI<

". Read the text a*out a Je0year0oldBs ;isunderstandin and ans(er the )uestion.*hat was his mista0e ]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]..

TD34 TRCU'LES)y /e+year+od son, Oaid, had ust started shoo. His assroom was u# some ste#s, andeah day another mother e$t her twin &a&ies in their #ram at the &ottom o$ the ste#s, whie shetoo0 her hid into theassroom. $ter a wee0 o$ this Oaid said, 'It's sad those &a&ies hae &een $orgotten. hey'e&een e$t there sine I started shoo1 He $et muh &etter when I eS#ained they were onythere $or a $ew minutes eah day and hadn't &een there $or the whoe wee0.

#. Underline any 7ossessiJes (my, your, his, her, its, their, our) in the text. ou*leunderline any de;onstratiJes (this, that, these, those=.

$. Look at the text aain. Dho do the (ords in *old refer toH Fill in the a7s.

His assroom ] Oaid’s]]].assrooma= her twin &a&ies ................................. &a&ies*= their #ram ................................. #ramc= her hid ................................. hid%. '... a (eek of this ...BDhat does this refer toH............................*hy do you thin0 Oaid says 'those &a&ies', not 'these &a&ies'


18/58

]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]..

(Grammar in Context 2, p 194 )

GAWB" and AWGAWB" WAW( and P>$(IW( o$ ̂ AWIY:>\+IW$OI<

". Read the text a*out MalaysiaBs rainforests and ans(er the )uestions.a= *hy do #eo#e isit the nationa #ar0 in the teSt..........................

*= *hy do they need a torh ............................................................

)aaysia has some o$ the most anient rain$orests in the word, whih hae remainedunhanged $or many miions o$ years. )ammas in these $orests inude ee#hants, rhinos :eryrare now


19/58

)O" :shoud, must, hae got to<:>\+IW\)OI<

3LEMMAS (ith Gannessa 5ood;an

T93S DEE2S 1RC'LEMS

Do 3 have to act my age?1olly is %,. (he is singe, and her hidren hae e$t home. (he is ery suess$u in herareer, and has a ot o$ $riends, &ut she isn’t satis/ed. (he ongs to hange her i$e. (hewants to ie a&road, #aint, and write #oem, &ut her $riends te her he shoud sto# &eingsiy and at her age.Must I be a slave to my mobile? NasonBs co;7any has &ought him a mo&ie #hone. he


20/58

h. ... he's ery u0y.i. ... I hae had... j. ... you ;ust te the #oie .... ... you'Je ot to gie ...l. ... should he ae#t... New Headway preint!

(p!""))O" :an, oud, may<

:>\+IW\)OI<

Read this ;aa@ine article to nd out (hy a ;an (ho 7layed a hero in the;oJies is a real0life hero today. Dhile readinK 7ay s7ecial attention to ;odalsand related ex7ressions. Underline ;odals.

A REAL –L3FE 9ERCeryone 0nows (u#erman. He's a omi &oo0 hero. He an

do things that ordinary #eo#e an't do. nd most #eo#e 0nowGhristo#her \eee. He's the ator who #ayed (u#erman in $ourmoies. s (u#erman, \eee oud -y. He oud see through was.He had the strength o$ one hundred men, and his enemies oud not

de$eat him. hese moies were ery #o#uar, and $or most #eo#eGhristo#her \eee was (u#erman unti )ay 2, 1995.

n that day \eee was in a horse+um#ing om#etition. Hishorse oudn't um# oer a hurde, and \eee $e. He inured hiss#ina ord ery &ady. Wow he is #aray=edhe is not a&e to moe

any #art o$ his &ody &eow his ne0. He annot write, wa0, or een $eed himse$. mahinehe#s him &reathe. He is a&e to ta0, &ut his oie is o$ten diQut to understand.

*hat 0ind o$ i$e does \eee hae a$ter this terri&e aident Ooes he s#end histime $eeing sorry $or himse$ Wo. In $at, he's sti a ery &usy man. He sti ats in /msand direts them. )ost im#ortanty, he ma0es s#eehes and raises money $or the study o$ s#ina ord so inuries. He has aso started a researh enter.ReeJe today

\eee has &rought ho#e to other #eo#e who are #aray=ed. He s#ea0s to #eo#e aoer the ountry with simiar inuries. He tes them that they an sti hae use$u "ies, andhe eS#ains his idea o$ what ma0es a hero. ording to \eee, a hero is an ordinary #ersonwho an /nd the strength to ontinue een with serious #ro&ems.

Ghristo#her \eee has made some #rogress with s#eia eSerise. He has reoeredsome $eeing in his e$t eg and #arts o$ his e$t arm. though dotors thin0 that he wiaways &e #aray=ed, Ghristo#her \eee sti has ho#e $or the, $uture. \esearhers may /nda ure $or s#ina ord inuries. \eee &eiees that he might een wa0 again. nd who0nows Tor so this rea+i$e hero, nothing is im#ossi&e.

co;7etition6 a ontest or an atheti eent

cure% something that ma0es a si0 #erson heathydefeat6 to &eat someone in a /ght or &atte

ene;y6 a #erson who hates orwants to hurt some&odyhurdle6 a $ene or wa thathorses um# oer in a raes7inal cord6 a system o$ neres in the &a0 thatonnets the &rain to other#arts o$ the &ody

hero% su#erman, &rae man

AFTER CU READrite T for true or NF for false for each state;ent.

". ........ Ghristo#her \eee was not $amous &e$ore his aident.#. ........ Ghristo#her \eee is sti a &usy man.


21/58

$. ........ Ghristo#her \eee gies ho#e to #eo#e with s#ina ord inuries.%. ........ he dotors thin0 Ghristo#her \eee wi wa0 again.&. ........ Ghristo#her \eee doesn't &eiee that ordinary #eo#e an &e heroes.+. ........ Ghristo#her \eee $ees #ositie a&out the $uture.

(Grammar #ense 2 p$%)

)O" :must, mustn’t, an, an’t<:>\+IW\)OI<

Read the dialoue and (rite sentences usin ;ustK m&stn't or an't and the7ro;7ts in the *ox.

s;oke ? 7lane follo( ? safety rules (ear seat *elt ? seat *elt sin on etout of seat ? tur*ulence

a. >assengers must ]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]].*. ]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]..c. ]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]..d. ]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]..

MarJin6 Suse me, an I ta0e o? my seat &et, #easeFliht attendant6 I'm sorry sir, &ut you mustn't ta0e o? your seat &et when the seat &etsign is on.MarJin6 But I want to get u#!Fliht attendant% I'm sorry &ut a #assengers must stay in their seats during tur&uene.It's $or your own sa$ety.MarJin6 *e, an I at east smo0e a igaretteFliht attendant6 I'm a$raid you an't smo0e on the #ane.2ate6 )arin, sto# &eing diQut!MarJin6 Mate, this seat is unom$orta&e and I need to hae a igarette to am down.Fliht attendant6 ur&uene ma0es us a a &it nerous, &ut we must $oow ertain rues$or our sa$ety. Wow, how a&out a u# o$ teaMarJin6 But...2ate6 Yes, #ease. nie u# o$ tea is ust what you need, )arin.MarJin% I don't want tea!2ate6 )arin, what's wrong with you You're ating i0e an eight+year+od.MarJin *hat's wrong with me Mate, we too0 o? a$ter a two+hour deay, so we're going to

arrie two hours ate. Wow Mate the tur&uene is ma0ing me di==y and on to# o$ eerything, my seat is too sma. t east you're not sitting neSt to the most annoying#erson on the #ane!

(mr! C*annel +re int! p44)


22/58

)O" :don’t hae to, hae to, an, oud<:>\+IW\)OI<

". Read the follo(in article. 1ay s7ecial attention to ;odals and relatedex7ressions. Underline ;odals.

#. Read the text )uickly and ;atch the headins a!d (ith the 7arara7hs "0%of the text.

$. Dhat to check *efore you start 7ackina= Gothes*= "earn $rom my mista0esc= "uggage

1A!2345 T31S ". ]]]]]]]]]]]].I'e traeed a ot and I 0now how diQut it is to #a0 $or a tri#. n my /rst -ight

$rom tanta to Wew Yor0 as a student, I thought it a smart moe to ta0e my stereo with me.Howeer, when I got to the air#ort, I $ound that my uggage was oerweight and I ended u#eaing ha$ o$ my stu? &ehind. (ine then, I'e deeo#ed a ot o$ #a0ing tehni@ues andI'e /nay earned my esson. Here are some ti#s so that you don't hae to earn the hardway.

#. ]]]]]]]]]]]].*hen you trae a&road, it's a good idea to he0 the weather $oreast $or the

ountry you're isiting. his wi gie you an idea o$ what 0ind o$ othes you shoud ta0ewith you.

)a0e sure you 0now what you an and an't ta0e into the ountry you're traeing to. here are things you an't ta0e into ertain ountries, e.g. wood into ustraia or raw meatinto Ieand.

raeing &y #ane means that you hae to he0 uggage seurity guideines. ToreSam#e, #assengers mustn't arry shar# o&ets in their hand uggage and sometimesthey an't ta0e ertain $oods or drin0s with them at a.

1A!2345 for a FCUR0A TR31$. ]]]]]]]]]]]].

ry to ta0e as itte as #ossi&e with you. Oon't ta0e a suitase or a heay &a0#a0. medium+si=ed &ag is enough. his way%

• You don't hae to he0 in or wait $or your uggage, so you sae time.

• You an aso sae money &eause you don't need to ta0e a taSi. You an use #u&itrans#ortation with ease.

4. ]]]]]]]]]]]].• a0e as itte as #ossi&e. Oo not thin0 o$ what you need to ta0e with you. hin0 o$

what you oudn't do without on that #artiuar tri#.


23/58

• )a0e sure that the othes you ta0e dry out @ui0y &eause sometimes you need towash a #iee o$ othing and wear it again.

• Ghoose materias whih do not rease so that you needn't do any ironing.

$. Read the text aain and ans(er the follo(in )uestions.a. *hat #ro&em did the writer hae with his uggage on his tri# to Wew Yor0*. *hy are weather $oreasts im#ortant when #a0ing $or a tri#

c. *hat 0ind o$ things mustn't you hae in your hand uggage when -yingd. *hy is it &est to #a0 ony one &age. *hat 0ind o$ othes shoud you #a0 $or a $our+day tri#

(mr! C*annel +re int! p4")

)O" :must, don’t hae to, oudn’t, <:>\+IW\)OI<

Read the letter Mick has sent to his 7en7al Marek and ans(er the )uestions*elo(.

a. *hy is )i0 writing to )are0*. *hat does )are0 hae to doc. *here is )are0 $romd. *hat words does )i0 use to re$er to ustraia and ustraiane. *here is )i0 #anning to ta0e )are0

Oear )are0, han0s $or your etter. I oudn't &eiee we're /nay going to meet. I 0now it's a &it

eary, &ut there are a $ew things you need to do &e$ore you ome to ustraia.I’m sure you aready 0now that you need a isa to ome down under. I’e heard that

it an, twie a whie so you must a##y $or it as soon as #ossi&e. he &est thing to do is athe ustraian em&assy in *arsaw, and as0, $or a the detais.

It's aso wise to hae some doars on you &e$ore you arrie in =. Oon't haisemoney at the air#ort. he eShange rate isn’t that good. Haing traeer's he0s with you,is aso a good Idea, as it is sa$er than arrying money.

Oon't $orget that it's summer here, so you don’t hae to &ring a0ets or sweaterswith you. Bring ight othes and your swimming trun0s, o$ ourse. *e're going sur/ng at

Be's Beah. It's word $amous $or its annua sur$ om#etition and it has the &est waeseer! I'm aso ta0ing you to see an 'ussie \ues Toot&a' game, the greatest game onearth!

No to go now. *e're going to hae so muh $un, I #romise you that! a0e are,)i0,

>.(. )a0e sure you ta0e your #ass#ort and ti0et with you &e$ore you eae home!(mr! C*annel +re int! p49)

)O" :must, mustn’t, shoud, su##osed to<:>\+IW\)OI<

Read the follo(in article. 1ay s7ecial attention to ;odals and relatedex7ressions. Underline ;odals.

A4 A1ARTME4T LEASE*hen #eo#e rent an a#artment, they o$ten hae to sign a ease. ease is an

agreement &etween the owner :andord1< and the renter :tenant


24/58

o$ time o$ the renta, the amount o$ the rent, and rues the renter must $oow. (ome easesontain the $oowing rues%

` \enters must not hae a water&ed.` \enters must not hae a #et.` \enters must not hange the o0s without the owner's #ermission.` \enters must #ay a seurity de#osit.

he renter does not hae to agree to a the terms o$ the ease. He an as0 $orhanges &e$ore he signs. #et owner, $or eSam#e, an as0 $or #ermission to hae a #et &yo?ering to #ay a higher seurity de#osit.

wners aso hae to $oow rues. hey must #roide heat during the winter months.In most ities, they must #ut a smo0e detetor in eah a#artment and in the has.

)any owners as0 the renter to #ay a seurity de#osit, in ase there are damages.*hen the renter moes out, the owner is su##osed to return the de#osit #us interest i$ thea#artment is in good ondition. I$ there is damage, the owner an use #art or a o$ themoney to re#air the damage. Howeer, he may not 0ee# the renter's money $or normawear and tear :the norma use o$ the a#artment


25/58

Naei $oot&a is an eSiting game. It has eements o$ $oot&a and rug&y. You #ay it with around &a, i0e a $oot&a, &ut the #ayers an use their hands.

here are strit rues. he #ayers an touh the &a, &ut they are not aowed to throw it. hey hae to #ass the &a $rom hand to hand to other #ayers. hey aso hae to &oune or0i0 it when they run with it. hey hae to sore goas to get #oints $or their team.

In Naei $oot&a the #ayers do not wear s#eia othes. hey #ut on shorts and +shirtsand trainers, &ut they don’t need any s#eia e@ui#ment i0e hemets or goes. o #ay thegame they don’t use sti0s, &ats or ra0ets. hey ust need a &a.

he /rst internationa tournament too0 #ae in 1VV in Ireand. Howeer, today Naei$oot&a is @uite #o#uar in the A( and ustraia.

". Read the descri7tion of 5aelic foot*all and decide if the state;ents are true


26/58

'E!CM345 a R3GERIn our soiety, #eo#e are aways on the moe, and most #eo#e 1+haJe to drie to get$rom one #ae to another. *ith so many #eo#e on the roads, it is neessary $or eeryoneto 0now how to drie sa$ey. hat's why youand a other driers 2+;ust #ass a test toget a drier's iense &e$ore you drie.It ta0es time and #ratie to &eome a sa$e drier. You 3+(ill haJe to earn how to driesa$ey in $og, snow, and other dangerous weather onditions. so, you 4+(ill haJe to earnhow to drie in di?erent traQ situations. In the ity, $or eSam#e, you 5+haJe to &e are$ua&out traQ at ross+streets. n eS#ressways, you +donBt haJe to dea with ross+traQ,&ut you 8+;ust 0now how to hange anes and #ass other ars.Tinay, you V+haJe to earn the driing aws. )any o$ these are ommon sense. ToreSam#e, aording to the aw, you 9+;ust wear your seat &et when you drie. nd, o$ ourse, you 16+;ust not drie under the in-uene o$ aoho.

)O" :an, shoud, must, oud<

'EFCRE CU REA6Read the follo(in article. 1ay s7ecial attention to ;odals and related (ords.Underline the;.

ME3!34E(ometimes when you $ee si0, you try to treat the iness yourse$. You can &uy oer the+ounter drugs, suh as as#irin, without a #resri#tion. Howeer, you should aways usemediations with aution. You shoud read the in$ormation on the #a0age. Tor eSam#e,#arents shouldnBt gie some mediines to young hidren. ther mediations oud &eharm$u to #regnant women. In many ases, #roonged use oud &e harm$u7 i$ the iness#ersists, you shoud see a dotor.

#harmaist cannot se #resri#tion drugs without #ermission $rom a dotor. *hen youneed a #resri#tion drug, you must get a #resri#tion $rom a dotor. )ost #eo#e an't reada dotor's #resri#tion &eause it is written in "atin. But a #harmaist an read the#resri#tion. he #resri#tion $orm that the dotor uses has a #ae $or the dotor to he0%

)ay su&stitute)ay not su&stitute

I$ the dotor he0s the /rst &oS, this means that the #harmaist an gie you a generidrug, whih is hea#er than the name+&rand e@uiaent. e the #harmaist whih 0ind o$ drug you woud rather hae. I$ the dotor has he0ed the seond &oS, the #harmaist mustgie you eSaty what the dotor has ordered. >harmaists must o&ey the aw7 otherwise,they an ose their iense.

*hen you isit your dotor, you shoud aways te him or her a&out any other mediationsyou are ta0ing. he om&ination o$ some mediations oud &e dangerous. >harmaistso$ten #ut warning a&es on drugs% his mediation may ause drowsiness, oho anintensi$y this e?et, or his mediation shoud &e ta0en a$ter a mea[!o;7rehension Iuestions6


27/58

". Be$ore you use mediine, what shoud you do at /rst ___________________________________________

#. *hen you an’t treat your iness, what shoud you do __________________________________________

$. Gan eery&ody read a dotor’s #resri#tion *hy ______________________________________________

%. *hen do #harmaists ose their erti/ate ____________________________________________________

&. *hy do #harmaists hae to #ut warning a&es on the mediines __________________________________

+. How is an merian #harmay di?erent $rom a #harmay in your ountry ___________________________________________

GC!A'ULAR L3ST6!ase% situation,!aution n.% are, onern, trou&e, #ro&em!o;*ination n% miSture, grou#ingro(siness n.% see#iness, tirednessE)uiJalent n.% something that has the same aue, #ur#ose, o& et as something ese3ndicate .% signi$y, #oint to, show3ntensify .% &uid u#, inrease, ma0e strongerMedication n% mediine, #is, drug, #resri#tion1ersist .% 0ee# on, arry on, ontinue,1renant ad.7 with hid, i$ a woman or $emae anima is #regnant, she has an un&orn &a&y growing inside her&ody1rescri7tion n.% mediine, drug, instrution1roloned ad.% eStended, tota, om#eteRell .% / u#,Su*stitute n.% aternate, . re#ae with, eShangeTreat n. are $or

)O" :must, mustn’t, had to, shoud, shoudn’t, don’t hae to<:IW\)OI<

RU4 CUR DA for 9EALT9*hen I started running seen years ago, I oud manage ony a&out a @uarter o$ a

mie &e$ore 1 had to sto#. Breathess and ahing, I wa0ed the neSt @uarter o$ a mie, then I ogged the neSt @uarter o$ a mie, aternating these two atiities $or a ou#e o$ mies.*ithin a $ew wee0s I oud og ha$ way round Ham#stead Heath without sto##ing. (oon Istarted to run u# the @uarter+mie so#e to the to# o$ >ariament Hi, athough I had to sto#at the to# to get my &reath &a0. entuay I $ound that I oud een manage to get u# thehi om$orta&y.

I started to run &eause I $et des#eratey un/t. But the &iggest #ay+o? $or me was

and sti is the dee# reaSation that I ahiee &y ta0ing eSerise, It tires me out &ut I /ndthat it does airn me down.In those eary days I saw $ew other runners, Wow there are many moreand not ust

the maho s#orts $rea0s. )en and women o$ a ages hae now ta0en u# running. (ome25,666 runners aged /e to V5 are attrated eah year to the (unday imes Tun \un inHyde >ar0.

In the ast two years the "ondon )arathon has &eome the &iggest British s#ortingeent oerta0ing the &oat rae and the Oer&y in the num&er o$ s#etators it attrats.*hen I started to og I neer dreamt o$ running in a marathon, &ut in 19V2 I reai=ed that i$ Itrained $or it, it was within my reah, and a$ter a sow, siS+month &uid+u# I managed the2,2 mies in ust under $our hours. redita&e #er$ormane $or a /rst+timer and a $ar ry$rom those days when I had to sto# $or &reath a$ter a @uarter o$ a mie.

Dhat a*out heart attacksH)y story shows that an un/t 39+year+od, as I was when I started running, who had

ta0en no serious eSerise $or 26 years, an do the marathonand that this is a s#ort inwhih women an &eat men. But is it ra=y to do it Ooes it ma0e sense to run in the


28/58

eS#etation o$ &eoming heathier *hat a&out the hanes o$ inuring yourse$ or dying o$ a heart atta0

I was #ersonay onined o$ the heath &ene/ts o$ running &eause I $et un/t, and Iwasn't worried a&out the ris0 o$ a heart atta0, &eause I was not a smo0er and I wassti0ing to a $airy ow anima+$at diet. But one #erson I 0new we did die immediatey a$tera og and #enty o$ #eo#e tod me I was mad to start running.

\eassuring eidene now omes $rom dotors in (eatte, showing that igorouseSerise atuay redues the hanes o$ heart atta0. hey $ound that #eo#e who had asudden heart atta0 when they a##eared to &e om#etey /t had ta0en ess eSerise thanthose o$ simiar age. ording to their /ndings, #u&ished in the Xourna o$ the merian)edia ssoiation :oume 24V, # 3113< it is neessary to ta0e 26 minutes o$ igorouseSerise at east two or three days a wee0 to o&tain some #rotetion $rom heart atta0.#art $rom ogging, the eSerise might &e swimming, singes tennis or s@uash, digging orho##ing wood. *hateer it is, the eSerise shoud eae you out o$ &reath.

here is a sma ris0 o$ unaustomed stress ausing a heart atta0 when a #erson isery un/t, &ut this an &e redued i$ eSerise is aways inreased in easy stages. )y adieis% i$ you are under 46, are heathy and $ee we, you an &egin as I did &y ogging gentyunti you are out o$ &reath, then wa0ing, and aternating the two $or a&out two mies. Buidu# the ogging in stages unti you an do the whoe distane om$orta&y.

t /rst, two or three times a wee0 wi #ro&a&y &e enough. >eo#e oer 46 who are inany dou&t a&out their heath shoud see their dotor &e$ore starting an eSerise#rogramme. er+46s shoud &egin &y ma0ing a igorous wa0 o$ at east two mies #art o$ the daiy routine. *hen you an do this om$orta&y you an start the miSed ogging andwa0ing routine and #rogress $rom there. You wi! hae to eS#et soreness o$ muses and

oints to &egin with. I$ soreness hanges to #ain, or i$ you /nd that you su?er $rom dee#tiredness whih you annot sha0e o?, then sto# ogging $or a whie and ust wa0.

Readin for s7ecic infor;ationAns(er these )uestions.". Dhich of these su*ects are discussed in the articleH

a. ]. he author's reoery $rom aner due to running

*. ]. die on inesses aused &y too muh eSerisec. ]. die on how to start running $or eSerised. ]. die on how to train $or the "ondon )arathone. ]. idene that running is the &est way o$ aoiding a heart atta0f. ]. How the author trained himse$ $or the "ondon )arathon

#. Are these state;ents true or falseH 1ut OTPor OFPin the *ox next to thesentence.

a. he author ame /rst in the "ondon )arathon.*. \unning has aways &een a #o#uar s#ort in ngand.c. he author 0new someone who died a$ter ogging.d. Serise shoud eae you &reathess i$ it is to im#roe your heath.

e. >eo#e oer 46 shoudn't try running i$ they haen't done it &e$ore.%. !o;7rehension !heck a. How did the author $ee when he started running*. *hat $or him are the #easures o$ runningc. How muh eSerise do dotors suggest you shoud ta0e to aoid a heart atta0

(New Headway 1st ed! int! p!4$)

(I)>" >$W+ >\(W >\N\((IU:IW$OI


29/58

A MA53!AL DCRL

he 'Harry >otter' series, &y author X.M. \owing, is the most suess$u &oo0 series in reentyears. *ith miions o$ readers a oer the word, the Harry >otter stories are attrating the interesto$ &oth hidren and aduts. eryone has oed Harry's adentures, whih are a miSture o$ $antasyand horror in a mysterious word o$ withes and wi=ards. ny hid reading the &oo0 who is iing anorma, sometimes &oring, i$e, an suddeny &eome Harry >otter and eS#eriene a great adenture.

he /rst &oo0 in the series, Harry >otter and the >hioso#her's (tone, whih was &rought out

in 1998, was ery suess$u. he &oo0 was made into a /m in 2661. he author, Xoanne Matheen \owing :X.M. \owing< aways wanted to &e a writer. Her /rst &oo0 wasaed \a&&it. (he wrote it at the age o$ siS and, athough it was not #u&ished, she ontinued towrite.

(he started writing a&out Harry >otter a$ter she got the idea on a ong train ourney to"ondon. By the time she got o? at the station, Harry's story had &eome a seen+&oo0 series andmany o$ the haraters in the &oo0 had aready &een inented.

Xoanne then moed to >ortuga $or three years to teah ngish, married a ournaist and had ahid. *hen her daughter was &orn, her /rst &oo0 was one+@uarter /nished.

Ba0 in Britain, in a tiny -at in din&urgh, she ontinued to write at the oa a$e whie her&a&y se#t in her #ram. In Xune 1998, /e years a$ter Xoanne's idea on the train, Harry >otter and the>hioso#her's (tone was #u&ished and got &riiant reiews.

he Harry >otter &oo0s hae made her one o$ the rihest woman in Britain, &ut Xoanne sti

ies in din&urgh and is sti writing Harry >otter stories in the oa a$e. (Go *ead - int! p")

!CM1RE9E4S3C4 !9E!2 For )uestions "0&K choose the ans(er AK ' or ! (hich you think ts *estK accordin to thetext.". Dhy are the 9arry 1otter *ooks so 7o7ularH

A. he author is suess$u.'. *ithes are interesting.!. \eaders an eS#eriene Harry's adentures.

#. The rst *ook in the 9arry 1otter seriesA. too0 /e years to write.'. was ony $or aduts.!. was #u&ished a$ter the /m.

$. The author N.2. Ro(linA. wanted to &e an ngish teaher.'. has &een writing $or many years.!. &eame a ournaist.

%. 9o( did the author feel a*out her rst 9arry 1otter *ookHA. (he woudn't et anything sto# her $rom writing.'. (he #re$erred to go to the a$e with her $riends.!. (he $ound it ery tiring to write.

&. The author continues to (rite in cafes. Dhat does this tell us a*out herHA. (he thin0s this is what rih #eo#e do.'. (he gets her ideas there.!. )oney and suess hae not hanged her.

>$W >\TG:IW$OI<

". Read the ne(s7a7er interJie( (ith Andre( and Esther and ans(er the )uestions.a= *hat animas hae ndrew and sther wor0ed with*= *oud they i0e to hange o&s with eah other

Andre( 9ayton, 2, has wor0ed at "ongeat (a$ari >ar0 $or more thaneight years. He is urrenty an ee#hant 0ee#er and has aso oo0ed a$terrhinos.Dhy did you choose this o*HI had &een doing arious o&s here. I heard a&out the rhino aany and I

thought, 'his is the o& $or me' + I'e aways i0ed animas.9aJe you eJer thouht of (orkin in a @ooHboos are ery good and hae a #ae, &ut not $or arger animas.Esther Den man, 36, has wor0ed at "ondon boo $or neary seen years. (he is head 0ee#er o$re#ties, and &e$ore that was a &ird 0ee#er.Dhat ;ade you choose this o*H


30/58

I'e aways &een interested in onseration and eoogy.9aJe you eJer thouht of (orkin in a safari 7arkH You don't get suh good oetions o$ &irds and re#ties in #. Underline seJen exa;7les of the 7resent 7erfect si;7le in the text \+IW\)OI<

Read a*out AnnaK a 'ritish ournalist (ho did an intensiJe 1olish course. Then coJer thearticle and ans(er the )uestions.

". *hat anguages did nna aready 0now#. *hy did she hoose to earn >oish$. *here did she do the ourse%. *hat did she thin0 was the most diQut thing a&out >oish&. *here is she going to do the 'tests'+. *hat /e things does she hae to do,. *hat are the rues

9CD MU!9 !A4 CU LEAR4 34 A MC4T9HI wor0 $or a maga=ine, whih was doing an artie a&out British anguage earners. s an eS#eriment,they as0ed me to earn a om#etey new anguage $or one month. hen I had to go to the ountryand do some 'tests' to see i$ I oud 'surie' in di?erent situations. I deided to earn >oish &eausemy great+grandmother was >oish and I hae some reaties there. I an aready s#ea0 Trenh and(#anish @uite we &ut >oish isn't a "atin+&ased anguage so I 0new it woud &e om#etey di?erent.

I did a one+month intensie ourse at a anguage shoo in Birmingham. I thought I was good atanguages &e$ore I started earning >oish, &ut now I'm not so sure. I $ound it inredi&y diQut. hegrammar was reay om#iated and the words were not i0e any other anguage I 0now so it wasery hard to remem&er them. Tor eSam#e, I thought '$oot&a' was more or ess an internationaword, &ut in >oish it's #t$0a no=na. nd the #ronuniation is un&eiea&e! ery word is $u o$ ='swhere you don't eS#et them, i0e e=d=s= whih means 'you go'.)y ourse /nished yesterday and I'm going to Mra0ow $or the wee0end to do my tests. oa guideaed Masia is orning with me and is going to gie me a mar0 out o$ 16. hese are the tests and the rues%Tests You hae to...

". get a taSi.#. order a drin0 in a &ar.

$. as0 $or diretions :and $oow them


31/58

:at and \oger and $amiy' with an eStraard they want #assed on to untie )urie. )rs. *id, aged 8, has no idea who is sending the ards.(he started reeiing the ards a$ter she &ought her home in *orester $rom a woman aed Oawn.(he s#ent years trying to soe the Ghristmas ard #u==e, &ut now she has gien u# and #uts theard u# on the wa eery Ghristmas. 'I$ ony I 0new who it was $rom!' said )rs *id.

#. Look at exa;7les a=K *= and c= of di>erent tenses fro; the text6

a= Gatherine *id has &een reeiing Ghristmas ards $rom the same $amiy $or the #ast 18 years.*= (he started reeiing the ards a$ter she &ought her home in *orester $rom a woman aedOawn.

c= (he s#ent years trying to soe the Ghristmas ard #u==e, &ut now she has gien u# and #uts theard u#

on the wa eery Ghristmas.)ath sentenes a


32/58

+. *hat was she doing &e$ore

.............................................................................................................

,. *hat made her hange her

i$e ..............................................................................................................

-. How does she $ee now

.............................................................................................................

Hoidays an &e good $or your heath. You ie on a &eah and reaS, and tensions disa##ear. But

sometimes a hoiday an hange your i$e om#etey, whih is what ha##ened two years ago to

Uitoria (mith and (ay Noo0.

G3!TCR3A SM3T9K siS years ago, was wor0ing as a manager at WeSt, a British hain store. hen she

went on hoiday to Borneo...

'It was a wor0ing hoiday,' said Uitoria, 'where you oud study orang+utans in the wid +1 hae

aways &een interested in a#es, so I thought it woud &e $un.' he hoiday was wonder$u, and when

Uitoria ame home she $ound it ery diQut to return to her od i$e. '(uddeny the #ro&ems in the

store ust seemed so triia.' though eery&ody tod her she was mad, she deided to go &a0 to

uniersity and study &ioogy. Tour years ater she &eame a him#an=ee 0ee#er.

Tor the ast two years Uitoria has &een wor0ing at )on0ey *ord, a entre in south+west ngand

whih oo0s a$ter a#es whih hae &een i+treated. )any hae &een resued $rom a&oratories and

iruses a oer the word. (he wor0s ong hours, and the #ay isn't ery good, &ut she oes it. '#es

are i0e a &ig $amiy, eah with their own #ersonaity.'

'I'm reay ha##y now. (ine I started wor0ing here I $ee that I'e &een doing something im#ortant,

not ust wasting my i$e.'

SALL 5CC2 wa0es u# eery morning to a dee# &ue s0y and &a=ing sun. Tor the ast two years she

has &een "iing on the tiny Nree0 isand o$ "i#si, whih is ony 1 s@uare 0iometers in si=e and has a

#o#uation o$ ust 56.

But unti a $ew years ago she ied in "ondon. 'I was wor0ing $or merian S#ress and I had a good

soia i$e and earned a "ot o$ money. But 1 had to get u# ery eary eery morning, o$ten in horri&e

weather, and get a train and the tu&e to wor0.'

hen one day she and a $riend deided they needed a reaSing hoiday, and they ame to "i#si. '1

oed it + the #eo#e, the mountains, the sun, and the deiious $ood. (uddeny I 0new there was a

di?erent i$e waiting $or me here.' $ew months ater she a##ied $or a o& at the trae om#any

whih had organi=ed her hoiday.

(ine then she has &een iing on "i#si and wor0ing as a tourist guide. Her &oy$riend, who is Nree0, is

a $armer. (ay said, 'I'e ony &een &a0 to "ondon one, and I an't imagine eer iing there again.'

\ead the $oowing artie and underine #resent #er$et ontinuous and #resent #er$ets er&s.

(New /nlis* 0ile ntpae 2")

(I)>" >$W+>\(W >\TG+ >\(W >\TG GWIWAA(:IW$OI<

TEE4 EM1LCME4T

"ots o$ teenagers hae #art+time o&s so that they an earn eStra s#ending money and $ee

inde#endent. hey hae o&s in sho#s, su#ermar0ets or a$es7 they &a&ysit, deier news#a#ers oroo0 a$ter #eo#e's gardens. he most #o#uar o&s $or girs are &a&ysitting and wor0ing in sho#s.\ead what Xane and Wataie hae to say a&out their #art+time o&s.

NA4E% here are a ot o$ young $amiies in my neigh&orhood and they o$ten need someone to oo0a$ter the hidren. I'm /$teen and they trust me to &e res#onsi&e and ta0e are o$ their 0ids. I hae


33/58

&een &a&ysitting $or one year now. I usuay wor0 on Triday and (aturday nights when the #arentswant to go out. I enoy s#ending time with the hidren, &ut sometimes I hae to &e strit, es#eiaywhen it's &edtime. I earn enough money to &uy my own othes and GOs, and my #arents are #roudo$ the $at that I'm wor0ing and not as0ing them $or money. oday, I'm a &it tired &eause I'e &eenoo0ing a$ter my neigh&or’s daughter a wee0end, &ut that doesn't ha##en ery o$ten.4ATAL3A6 ')y aunt has a greengroer's and I he# her there a$ter shoo. I sere ustomers, #utthings on the shees, he0 the sto0 and generay 0ee# the sho# ean and tidy. It isn't hard wor0and I i0e ma0ing my own money. I'e &een wor0ing sine I was $ourteen. I use my #ay to &uy things

that I woudn't &e a&e to a?ord i$ I wasn't wor0ing. Tor eSam#e, I saed u# and &ought a GO #ayerast Ghristmas and I hae ust &ought a sma U $or my room. )y #arents were worried at /rst&eause they thought wor0ing a$ter shoo woud a?et my studies, &ut it hasn't. In $at, they'rereay #eased that I hae earned the aue o$ money.' It's im#ortant $or teenagers to hae someeS#eriene o$ wor0ing. his is &eause it ma0es them more inde#endent and teahes them to deawith res#onsi&iity, and these are aua&e essons in i$e.

(Go *ead - int! p1$)!o;7rehension !heck Say if the follo(in state;ents are True


34/58

". Read the unusual story and nu;*er the eJents in the *ox in the order they ha77enedK"0+.

= ......he #ane too0 o? without the #ioth= ......he #ane had mehania trou&ei= ......he #iot got out to restart the #ane = ......he #iot too0 o? k= ......he #ane started to moe aongl= ......he #iot anded

Garo Ha oo0ed out o$ her oQe window and wondered what was going on. yeow, singe+engine #ane was moing aong the runway, a##arenty ready $or ta0e+o?, eSe#t that it ust missedanother airra$t that was oming in to and.

'*e oudn't understand what the #iot was trying to do,' said )s Ha. moment ater, she $ound the answer, as the #iot rushed into her oQe and aed the

emergeny series. His #ane had e$t without him. I$ that was unusua, what $oowed was amostun&eiea&e, as the #ane got $aster, i$ted o? into the air, and im&ed to 2,666 $eet.

he #iot, >au (ir0s, had ta0en o? eary in the morning to meet $riends $or &rea0$ast in Iinois.But his #ane &egan haing mehania trou&e and as he anded at Nrimes Tied, the engine

sto##ed + so he got out to restart it &y turning the #ro#eer. s he did so, the engine started. nd&e$ore he oud get &a0 in, the #ane &egan to moe aross the air/ed.

'It ust got away $rom him and too0 o?,' )s Ha eS#ained.

#. 1ut these eJents fro; the story in the correct 7oints on the ti;eline *elo(6c= he #iot aed the emergeny series.d= he #ane e$t without its #iot.

]].... ]]] time o$ s#ea0ing >ast #resent

$. *hy is the #ast sim#e used $or one eent in the teSt :the pilot!!! alled t*e emereny servies)and the #ast #er$et used $or another :His plane *ad left wit*o&t *im!)'6!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(.evelopin Grammar in Context p 4)

>( >\TG + >( >\TG GWIWAA(:>\+IW\)OI<

!ARCLBS SEAR!9 FCR 9ER RCCTS

)y name is Garo ngeo. I am the seond generation o$ my $amiy &orn in the A.(. )y

$amiy ame $rom a sma town in the mountains in (outhern Itay. I'e &een wor0ing on my

$amiy tree $or two years. It's &een $un &ut has sometimes &een $rustrating. I’e &een

s#ending a my $ree time at a $amiy history i&rary oo0ing $or $amiy reords. I’e aso

&een s#ending a ot o$ time on the Internet oo0ing at *e& sites $or in$ormation a&outgeneaogy. I'e oined geneaogy newsgrou#s, whih hae &een a &ig he#. I’e gone to

ourthouses to oo0 $or #u&i reords, suh as and deeds and taS reords. I’e &een

reading od news#a#ers, he0ing the o&ituaries and wedding noties. I'e &een searhing

od #hone &oo0s $or $amiy names and new #hone &oo0s onine $or iing reaties in Itay. I

was $ortunate to /nd a man in Itay who went to the town where my anestors were &orn.

He #roided me with a ot o$ in$ormation, #itures, and a wonder$u &oo0 a&out the town my

$amiy ame $rom.

By doing this searh, I hae $ound that I sti hae reaties in Itay and here that I didn't

0now eSisted. his year, there was a huge $amiy reunion, and I was a&e to meet some o$

my reaties $or the /rst time. >eo#e ame $rom a oer the ountry and &rought od #hotoa&ums aong with stories. I am in the #roess o$ doing a $amiy *e& site where we an a

eShange in$ormation and #hotos and hat onine.


35/58

(o $ar I hae ony $ound in$ormation $rom the ast ou#e hundred years7 there is muh

more $or me to do. ne thing I hae earned a&out geneaogy is that it is a wor0 in #rogress

that is neer /nished.

(Grammar in Context 2)

>( >\TG + >( >\TG GWIWAA(:>\+IW\)OI<

TAL2 CF T9E IUEE4

#rah *in$rey &egan s#ea0ing #u&iity in hurh when she was two. By the time she wastwee, she had aready deided on a areer. (he wanted to &e #aid to ta0. In $at, itwasn't that ong &e$ore she got her /rst radio Xo&. though she hadn't had any eS#eriene,she &eame a news re#orter.

*hen *in$rey got her U ta0 show in 19V, she had aready &een a U news re#orter andhad ated in a maor Hoywood moie, he Goor >ur#e. #rah's warm #ersonaity madeher U guests om$orta&e. Her stories on to#is suh as hid a&use#rah, herse$, had

&een a itim touhed the hearts o$ her audiene. he #rah *in$rey (how &eame so#o#uar that &y the tare 19V6s #rah had &eome a househod word. In 1994 *in$reydeided that the @uaity o$ ta0+show themes had &een getting worse and worse. (he#romised to $ous on more u#i$ting, meaning$u issues suh as runaway teenagers whoreturn home. (he aso made a #ersona hange. (he had aways had a weight #ro&em, &utin 1995 U iewers saw a new *in$rey. (he had &een dieting and wor0ing outand she hadost amost 96 #ounds! (he had aso suess$uy om#eted in a *ashington, O.G.marathon.

oday #rah *in$rey is sti going strong. In addition to her ta0 show, she ontinuesto &e inoed in moies. In 199V she starred in Beoed, whih she had &een

#anning to #rodue $or ten years. *hen as0ed a&out her $uture, *in$rey said, It'sso &right it &urns my eyes. Y"\ "*I( (0o&s on Grammar - Hi* nt!)

>( >\TG + >( >\TG GWIWAA(:>\+IW\)OI<

RU4 FCR CUR L3FE

n to&er 23, I ran the Bostan )arathon with a #artner, )aria Oais. *e had beentraining :".train= together sine ast year, and we ]]]]]]]] :#. 7lan= to enter therae eer sine we saw #rah in the *ashington )arathon. he start o$ the rae wasdramati. A# to that #oint, we ]]]]]]]]___, 3. ( >\TG GWIWAA(:>\+IW\)OI


36/58

TRCU'LE TEE4

Gom#ete this #syhoogist's desri#tion o$ a #atient who had a##eared as a guest on a Uta0 show. Ase the 7ast 7erfect or 7ast 7erfect continuous $orm o$ the a##ro#riate

er&s in the &oS. Ase the ontinuous $orm when #ossi&e.

arrest become bring have hurt leave lose recommend

I ___ had seen"" 1_ a hundred i0e him &e$ore. He sat on the ouh and stared out thewindow. He was ony siSteen. His mother sat neSt to him. (he ]]]]]]]]2_ him to seeme. (he ]]]]]]]]3_ ontro o$ her son. er sine his $ather ]]]]]]]]4_ them$our years &e$ore, she _________5_ trou&e with her son. He ]]]]]]]]__ more andmore angry and de#ressed. \eenty he ]]]]]]]]8_ someone in a shoo /ght. he#oie ]]]]]]]]V_ him and]]]]]]]]_9_ #syhoogia ounseing. he motherwas a$raid that he was going to run away $rom home.

(0o&s on Grammar - Hi* nt!)NIWN c *I"":IW\)OI<

U4USUAL SEA !RCSS345S

". Read Stories 3 and # a*out unusual sea crossins and ans(er the )uestions.a) *hih ty#es o$ &oat are mentionedb) *hih ty#e was unsuess$u)

Story "In the ate 196s, Menneth Byton suess$uy rossed the ngish Ghanne in a meta &otte with asma motor. It was his third rossing, &ut his /rst time &y &otte. *hen he anded in Trane, hedesri&ed his neSt #an. 'I hae aready rossed &y &ed and &y &arre,' he said. 'WeSt year I'm goingto ross &y giant &anana.'Story #

man $rom Mentu0y tried to row aross the iy Bering (trait, &etween as0a and \ussia, in a &ath.An$ortunatey, things went a &it wrong $or him. ording to the eS#orer, 'By ate a$ternoon on the$ourth day, athough the sun was sti high, the sea went rather thi0. WeSt morning I was $ro=en inWo #ro&em. He e$t the &ath in the ie and wa0ed to and, where he tod re#orters, 'I' try again inthe summer.'

#. Look at these sentences fro; Stories " and # and ans(er the )uestions.3. WeSt year I'm going to ross &y giant &anana.

33. I' try again in the summer.a= *hih sentene suggests that the man deided something &e$ore s#ea0ing.....*= *hih suggests he deided at the same time as s#ea0ing.....

(.evelopin Grammar in Context p $)

TAA\ + *I"":>\+IW\)OI<

Read the text )uickly and (rite the a77ro7riate headin for each set of 7redictions6

+/##7#C #C/N##, +7#C #C/N##!

(ine the 1 956s, we hae destroyed more than a third o$ our natura word. ur way o$ i$e has aused many serious enironmenta #ro&ems. *e use huge amounts o$ naturaresoures and #rodue too muh gar&age. >oution is hanging the arth's imate and our

#anet is getting hotter. he &ig @uestion is% wi things eer hange $or the &etter here are some sientists who are o#timisti. hey &eiee that with the he# o$ siene

and strit aws today's enironmenta #ro&ems wi disa##ear in the $uture. ther sientistsare #essimisti. hey &eiee that enironmenta #ro&ems are getting worse and soon itwi &e too ate to sae the enironment. "et's see what #reditions the #essimisti and theo#timisti sientists hae made a&out i$e on arth in the year 2166.


37/58

]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]].

he arth's #o#uation wi #ro&a&y &e 22.2 &iion.

he arth's tem#erature wi &e 2.5 to 16,4 T higher than it is today. he ie at the Worthand (outh >oe wi met and the sea ee wi rise &y 3.5 to 34.5 inhes. Gities at or&eow sea ee wi sin0.

Ha$ o$ the arth's #ants and animas wi disa##ear aong with the tro#ia rain $orests.

*e wi use u# a the arth's natura resoures. >eo#e won't &e a&e to surie on arth,

so they wi hae to /nd a new #anet to ie on.

]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]. he aw wi o&ige $amiies to hae no more than one hid, and this wi redue the

arth's #o#uation to two &iion. >eo#e wi use enironmentay+$riendy energy soures i0e the sun and the wind, whih

do not #oute the air, so the arth's tem#erature wi not inrease. (trit aws wi #rotet anima and #ant s#eies $rom eStintion.

#o#uation o$ two &iion #eo#e wi need $ewer natura resoures, so there wi &eenough $ood, water, et. $or eeryone.

Read the text aain and nd (hat the (ords in *old refer to.

". hey eSist &eause o$ our way o$ i$e. ]]]]]]]]]].#. *e use a ot o$ them. ]]]]]]]]]].$. *e #rodue a ot o$ it. ]]]]]]]]]].%. ur #anet is hotter &eause o$ it. ]]]]]]]]]].&. hey an he# us soe enironmenta #ro&ems. ]]]]]]]]] and

]]]]]]]+. (ome sientists say they wi &e higher in the year 2166. ]]]]]]]]]],

]]]]] and ]]]]]]]]]].,. hey don't #oute the air. ]]]]]]]]]].-. (trit aws wi #rotet them $rom eStintion. ]]]]]]]]]]. and

]]]]]]]]]]. (mr! C*annel +re int! p$2)

TAA\ GWIWAA( c TAA\ >\TG:IW\)OI<

D3LL DE 'E US345 C!TCRS 34 T9E FUTUREH

". *hat do you thin0 wi &e di?erent a&out mediine and the treatment o$ diseases in26 or 36 years' time

#. \ead the teSt a&out sientists' #reditions. How many di?erent ways o$ diagnosing

#ro&ems does it disuss

n t*e f&t&re dotors will be dianosin illnesses 1 dierently, b&t we may not need to &sedotors at all :e will be able to deide for o&rselves w*at t*e problem is! :e will loo; &psymptoms on t*e nternet and order a testin ;it to *e; o&r blood for diseases we t*in; we*ave! :e may not even *ave to do t*is! #iene will *ave advaned so m&* t*at we will *avemiro*ips in o&r bodies to monitor o&r blood press&re, temperat&re and *eartbeat on a daily basis!

$. Match the underlined Jer* for;s fro; the text (ith the correct tense na;esKi=0iii=.

a. ... dotors wi &e diagnosing inesses di?erenty..... i< the $uture with wi

*. *e wi oo0 u# sym#toms on the Internet..... ii< the $uture ontinuousc. (iene wi hae adaned so muh..... iii< the $uture #er$et%. Fill in the a7s in the descri7tions (ith the correct tense na;es fro; Exercise

$. o ma0e #reditions a&out the $uture in genera we o$ten use a


38/58

o #redit an ation in #rogress at a #artiuar time in the $uture we use&


39/58

earson, tod her it woud

se $or u# to 16,666 at aution.

. 0oo at this sentence from the tet, and answer the /uestions.:*en t*e woman *ad t*e broo* val&ed, +*illips' ?eweler speialist, @eit* +earson, told *er it wo&ld sellfor &p to A,AAA at a&tion!

a. *ho aued the &rooh, the woman or Meith >earson...........................b. *hat is the $orm o$ the underined #hrase, i< or ii o&et #ast #artii#e ii= *ave > #ast #artii#e o&et(.evelopin Grammar in Context p 1")

B N A(O :IW\)OI<

i! .o yo& t*in; t*ere are some ?obs t*at men do better t*an women and some t*at women do bettert*an men6 :*i* ones6

ii! n t*e artile abo&t a woman b&s driver, =nd two t*ins s*e li;es abo&t t*e ?ob and one t*in t*ats*e fo&nd diB&lt at =rst!

3TBS A 1CDER T9345. RCSAL4 !LAR2 E4NCS L3FE AS A 'US R3GERI'e aways oed driing. Tor some reason I /nd it reaSing, so driing a &us is idea. (ome o$ themae &us driers were a &it $unny at /rst and I thin0 it too0 them a whie to get used to the $at that Iwas a woman. I oud see it in their $aes that they were a &it sho0ed.I i0e &eing in ontro o$ a &ig ehie. >erha#s it's the #ower. I don't /nd "ondon traQ stress$u, and Idon't et anyone annoy me. I'e earnt to manage when #eo#e start &eing rude.


40/58

I thin0 I'm @uite a good drier, athough some days are &etter than others. Ghanging &a0 to driingars when I'm not wor0ing was a &it diQut at /rst. I 0e#t $orgetting how wide the ar was, &ut I'mused to it now.

1. 2ind and underline two eam'les of be I get used to something in the article.4! nderline t*e orret statement!a< Be I get used to something means that something is%i< no onger new and strange ii< /nished and no onger true

&< Be get used to is $oowed &y%i< the in/nitie ii< a noun #ronoun or the +ing $orm3. 4hat does it refer to in this sentence from the tet5I 0e#t $orgetting how wide the ar was, &ut I'm used to it now.

(.evelopin Grammar in Context p 1"8)

(I)>" >$W+ $re@ueny ader&s:>\+IW$OI<

LETTER A'CUT AMER3!A4 !USTCMS

Oear (o/a,

I want to te you a&out i$e in the A.(. (ome merian ustoms are so strange $or me.merians treat their #ets i0e a mem&er o$ the $amiy. )y $riend )arianne ies aone

&ut she has a dog, (#ar0y. (he aways arries a #iture o$ (#ar0y in her waet. (he

o$ten &uys toys $or him, es#eiay on his &irthday. ne a month, she ta0es him to a

dog groomer. he groomer gies him a &ath and uts his nais. *hen )arianne traes,

she sometimes ta0es her dog with her. (he o$ten as her dog on the tee#hone when

she's not home and ta0s into the answering mahine. (#ar0y een see#s in &ed with

her.

nother strange ustom is this% (ometimes )arianne inites me to go to a restaurant.

*hen the he0 arries, she usuay starts to diide the &i in ha$. r she says, Your

#art is ;16.95 and my #art is ;12.85. In our ountry, wheneer I inite someone to arestaurant, I #ay.

here's another strange ustom. *hen merians don't /nish their mea in a

restaurant, they o$ten as0 $or a doggie &ag. en #eo#e who don't hae a dog as0 $or a

doggie &ag. hey ta0e the $ood home and eat it ater. But in )arianne's ase, she

usuay i0es to share her $ood with (#ar0y. (he o$ten orders a stea0 in a restaurant

&eause (#ar0y i0es a good stea0.

here is another ustom that is strange $or me. merians o$ten as0, How are you

&ut they rarey wait $or an answer. )arianne as0s me this @uestion wheneer she sees

me, &ut she neer istens to my answer. I$ I start to say, I don't $ee we, she doesn't

hear me and says, hat's nie. (ometimes I hear her as0 other #et owners, How's

your dog or, How's your at (he seems more interested in animas' heath than in

#eo#e's heath.

I earn a ot a&out merian ustoms $rom )arianne. I$ I don't understand something,

she aways eS#ains it to me. But i$e is sti strange $or me here.

>ease write me soon. How are you I'm not merian. I \""Y want to 0now the

answer.

Your good $riend,

ena >N 1V

!CM1AR3SC4S

'ELCD FREE345

" .......... he ntarti is the word's odest region and the most diQut to reah. he area inudes an ie+oered ontinent, ntartia. It is surrounded &y an oean, whih is mainy oered with ie, and is


41/58

muh oder than the rti. In $at, it has the odest tem#erature on arth, +V9fG, so it isunderstanda&e that its ony human inha&itants are isiting sientists.#..........Tor enturies, man0ind has wondered what this southern #art o$ the word is i0e. *e 0now somethings, &ut muh has sti to &e earned a&out the and under the ie, suh as the ways in whihanimas and #ants surie in $ree=ing ntarti tem#eratures and the e?et the ntarti weatherhas on the rest o$ the word.$..........

#art $rom some sma insets, there are no and animas in the ntarti. here are aso ery $ew#ants &eause it is so od. Howeer, in the surrounding seas there is #ro&a&y more anima i$e thananywhere ese in the word. iny /sh swim aongside great whaes, and there are aso many seas, aswe as #enguins, seagus and other &irds.%.......... he area has #ower$u winds whih sometimes &ow at 16 0m an hour $or days. en in summer,the tem#erature is usuay &eow $ree=ing. In Te&ruary, when the ntarti winter a##roahes,tem#eratures are ower than +V^fG! In $at, it is so od that i$ you ste##ed out o$ doors, youreye&rows woud $ree=e!&..........S#orers and sientists arrie at the end o$ the summer and eae when a shi# an reah them ayear ater. (o, $or a whoe year, they are una&e to go anywhere. hey must a try to get aong witheah other, een i$ they disi0e someone. It is sort o$ i0e Big Brother, &ut muh, muh worse! ne

sientist went mad and had to &e o0ed in a room $or /e months unti the neSt shi# arried.nother one set /re to the am# so that they woud &e $ored to eae.+......... he ountries o$ the word hae agreed that ntartia shoud &e used ony $or #eae$u #ur#osesand that no wea#ons testing shoud &e arried out there.Gom#rehension Ghe0Ghoose the most suita&e heading $rom +N $or eah #aragra#h. here is one eStra heading whihyou do not need to use. (Go *ead -int! p$2)

A. W IW\WIW" N\)W'. H G\A\( IW H \!. OITTIGA" "IT. )>>IWN H \

E. H "GIWF. H *H\ GWOIIW(5. HIWN( * O W MW*9.

nswer% 1+, 2+N, 3+B, 4+T, 5+G, +


42/58

1ASS3GE

Read the follo(in article and underline 7assiJe Jer*s.

NUR UT

merians are #roteted &y the Gonstitution. Wo one #erson an deide i$ a

#erson is guity or innoent. ery iti=en has the right to a tria &y ury. *hen a #erson is

harged with a rime, he is onsidered innoent unti the ury deides he is guity.

)ost merian iti=ens are hosen $or ury duty at some time in their ies. How are

urors hosen he ourt gets the names o$ iti=ens $rom ists o$ taS#ayers, iensed driers,

and oters. )any #eo#e are aed to the ourthouse $or the seetion o$ a ury. Trom this

arge num&er, twee #eo#e are hosen. he awyers and the udge as0 eah #erson

@uestions to see i$ the #erson is going to &e $air. I$ the #erson has made any udgment

a&out the ase &e$ore hearing the $ats #resented in the tria, he is not seeted. I$ the uror

doesn't understand enough ngish, he is not seeted. he ourt needs urors who an

understand the $ats and &e o#en+minded. *hen the /na ury seetion is made, the urors

must raise their right hand and #romise to &e $air in deiding the ase.

(ometimes a tria goes on $or seera days or more. Xurors are not #ermitted to ta0

with $amiy mem&ers and $riends a&out the ase. In some ases, urors are not #ermitted to

go home unti the ase is oer. hey stay in a hote and are not #ermitted to wath U orread news#a#ers that gie in$ormation a&out the ase.

$ter the urors hear the ase, they hae to ma0e a deision. hey go to a se#arate room

and ta0 a&out what they heard and saw in the ourtroom. *hen they are /nished

disussing the ase, they ta0e a ote.

Xurors are #aid $or their wor0. hey reeie a sma amount o$ money #er day.

m#oyers must gie a wor0er #ermission to &e on a ury. Being on a ury is a ery serious

o&.

chare . % ause, &amecourtroo; n% a room where a ourt o$ aw meets

)IP

:>\+IW\)OI<Read the text and ans(er the )uestions.

XI) (>\IWN\ WO XI) "*I(

XI) (>\IWN\ WO XI) "*I( were reunited a$ter $orty years &y Or homasBouhard, >ro$essor o$ #syhoogy at the Aniersity o$ )innesota. He wasinestigating how muh o$ our #ersonaity de#ends on genes. Or Bouhard wasama=ed &y how many things the twins had in ommon. He had eS#eted them to


43/58

oo0 identia and to hae simiar media histories. But he and his team were erysur#rised to /nd the enormous simiarities in the two Xims' #ersonaities, theiri$estye, their ho&&ies, their reigion, een their #oitia &eie$s.(ome o$ the simiarities are inredi&e% Xim (#ringer's son is aed Xames en, and

Xim "ewis's is aed Xames an. hey &oth hae dogs named oy. hey i0e and hatethe same s#orts and they oted $or the same >resident. nd &oth Xims hae thesame romanti ha&it o$ eaing itte oe etters $or their wies around the house.

Or Bouhard is onined that genes are #ro&a&y muh more im#ortant indetermining our #ersonaity and #re$erenes than #eo#e used to thin0.

(/nlis* 0ile +re nt! +ae 9$)

". *ho reunited the two Xims#. *hat did Or Bouhard want to /nd out$. *hat was he ery sur#rised &y%. *hat are their sons and their dogs aed&. *hat do they &oth do $or their wies+. *hat does Or Bouhard &eiee, as a resut o$ the ase o$ the two Xims

(, BGA(, BA, "HANH

:>\+IW\)OI<

\ead the story and answer the @uestions.

W GB\ UWIWN

Xamie at 5.36. It was dar0 and it was raining. (he oo0ed at her wath. It was 5.26!(he was going to &e ate! (he ran to her ar and got in. t 5.25 she was driingaong the High (treet. (he was going ery $ast &eause she was in a hurry.


44/58

". ..........*hen did Hannah meet Xamie#. ..........*hy did Hannah go

Date post:	07-Aug-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	academiaedel
View:	241 times
Download:	0 times

1 Reading Grammar

Documents