1 Simple and Flexible 1 Corecess 5424 System Your Success is Corecess Apr. 2003 Technical Support...

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Corecess 5424 SystemYour Success is Corecess

Apr. 2003

Technical Support Center

Tel : +82-2-3016-6900

Fax : +82-2-3016-6955

E-Mail : [email protected]

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Table of Contents

I. System Architecture

II. Configuration CCS5424

III. Routing Protocol Configuration

IV. Multicast Protocol

Configuration

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I. System Architecture

CCS5424 OverviewArchitecture

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Your Success is Corecess

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CCS5424 OverviewCCS5424 Overview

Corecess 5424 is a multilayer switches that provide high availability, quality o

f service(Qos), and security to enhance network operation

With a range of Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet configurations, the CCS54

24 is a powerful option for enterprise and metro access applications.

12.8Gbps non blocking switching fabric modular L2/L3/L4 switch

19 million pps L3 forwarding rates

Product Overview

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Product Overview


Modular L2/L3/L4 Switch

Switch for integration of xDSL

Delivering variety of metro service

Workgroup Switch

CORESS 5424

100FX/100TX

100FX/100TX

100FX/100TX

Workgroup Switch

Workgroup Switch

IP-DSLAM

IP-DSLAM

IP-DSLAMCORESS 5424

100FX/100TX

100FX/100TX

100FX/100TX

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System Architecture


Front View (19 inch rack mountable)

3U

Rear View

3U

Modular Subscriber Card

FAN

Power Redundancy

3U chassis

Max. 24 10/100M ports(by unit of 4 ports) + 2 uplink boards

2 GBIC/board (uplink) , 4-port 10/100Tx/100Fx

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Key Feature and benefits – (1) System Feature

up to 24 10/100Base ports + 2 uplink boards [uplink] 2 GBIC/board

Switch/Processor module Switching capacity :12.8 Gbps 64bit RISC processor 256MByte system memory (SDRAM) supports 1 compact flash memory (128Mbytes) One Fast-Ethernet port for management (Out-bound) One console port (RS-232C, DSUB-9)

Ethernet I/O module (Phase-1) 10/100Tx 10/100Fx GBIC

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Key Feature and benefits – (2)

Flow Control Support (IEEE802.3x) Priority Support (IEEE 802.1p) Link Aggregation (Trunk,.IEEE802.3ad compliant) Port Mirroring IGMP Snooping with/without 802.1Q Tagging Multicast Supporting Per VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol Per VLAN (STP & RSTP) Rate limit (64Kps unit) Layer 3 Switching/Routing

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ProtocolsSNMP v1/v2c802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol802.1Q(VLAN Trunk)802.1p Priority Tagging : 8 levels802.3ad Link AggregationRapid Spanning Tree Protocol(RSTP)GVRP(GARP VLAN Registration Protocol)IP : RIP v1/v2, OSPF, BGP v2/v3/v4 (future support)Multicast : IGMP

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Performance Switch Capacity : 12.8 Gbps Throughput : 19 Mpps

128 traffic class & 2048 Flow group supports

Management SNMP v1/v2c RMON groups 1(statistics), 2(history), 3(alarm), and 9(events) and Extended RMON RFC 1493 Bridge MB RFC 2674 802.1Q Bridge MIB Remote Code Upgrade Support Management Console (RS-232), Telnet and Web Console Support FAN Control with FAN Fail Monitor Temperature and Power Supply Monitor Link/Activity/Speed LED in 10/100Base-TX Port & Power/RUN/Fault System LED

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Specification – (4) Electrical Characteristics

AC Power : 100-240 VAC, 50/60Hz, 120 W max DC Power : -48 VDC

Environment Operating temperature : -10℃ - 60℃ Operating Relative humidity : 15-95% @ 40℃ ,Non condensing Storage Operating temperature : -40℃ - 80℃ Storage Relative humidity : 15-95% @ 65℃ ,Non condensing Shock & Vibration : EN 60068, IEC 68

Safety - EN 60960/IEC 950

Emission -EN 55022/CISPR-22 Class A

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II. Configuration CCS5424VLAN & Tag VLANPort trunking, STP(RSTP)Specifying Maximum number of mac address

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System Upgrade

CCS5424 Basic Configuration

CCS5424 command is based on Cisco CLI command structure but not exactly same.

CCS5424Console Cable

Speed Data BIT Parity BIT Stop BIT Flow Control

38400 bps 8 bit None 1 bit None

DB9

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System Upgrade

CCS5424 Command Line Interface

Command Mode Explanation

Normal Mode

Default mode when CCS5424 is turned on. This mode can execute commands which only reads information of CCS5424.

Localhost login:root

Prompt : localhost >en

Privileged Mode

User changes to Privileged mode after entering administrator password (default – no password). This mode can verify all kind of configuration..

Prompt : localhost #d

Global Configuration

Mode

User can configure all kind of system values..

Prompt : localhost #configure terminal

localhost(config)#

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Basic Configuration

How to use Help

Using ? command, details of functions and types of command canUsing ? command, details of functions and types of command can be displayed. Lower directories are displayed as well. be displayed. Lower directories are displayed as well.

If there is incorrect parameters or typed without parameters, details ofIf there is incorrect parameters or typed without parameters, details of usage will be displayed. usage will be displayed.

localhost# copy ? ftp tftp flash startup-config factory-default

!

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System Upgrade

CCS5424 System Firmware upgrade (1)

Verifying system Firmware version

localhost# show flashconfigs:Configuratin flash directory:File Length (bytes) Name/status----- --------------- -----------------------------------1 329 startup-config

images:System flash directory:File Length (bytes) Name/status----- --------------- -----------------------------------1 8832213 1_multipart_xF8FF_2_c5424-kern-1.1.86.img (*)[8626 blocks used, 42568 available, 51194 total, 1K-blocks]*/# : running/updated image

Configuration part

System Firmware

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System Upgrade


Download System Firmware from FTP/TFTP server to the System

FTP/TFTP Server

CCS5424Management IP address 10.1.1.10

10.1.1.1

Configuration StepConfigure CCS5424 management IP addressCopy F/W image from remote FTP/TFTP Server to the flash memoryUpdate new F/W image Reset system

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System Upgrade


Configure CCS5424 management IP address

localhost(config)# int managementlocalhost(config-if)# ip address 10.1.1.10/8OCP Reset timeout #2!OCP Reset timeout #1!OCP Reset timeout #1!OCP Reset timeout #1!OCP Reset timeout #1!OCP Reset timeout #1!eth0: IBM EMAC: link up, 10 Mbps Half Duplex.eth0: IBM EMAC: MAC 00:90:a3:cd:06:b0.eth0: IBM EMAC: open completed

localhost(config-if)# end

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System Upgrade


Copy F/W image from remote FTP/TFTP Server to the flash memory

localhost#copy ftp 10.1.1.1 id test passwd test flash image cc5424-kern-1.1.86.img/crcs_boot/cc5424-kern-1.1.86.img: 8.42 MB 701.91 kB/sdonelocalhost# show flashconfigs:Configuratin flash directory:File Length (bytes) Name/status----- --------------- -----------------------------------1 329 startup-config

images:System flash directory:File Length (bytes) Name/status----- --------------- -----------------------------------1 8832213 1_multipart_xF8FF_2_c5424-kern-1.1.86.img (*)2 8832213 cc5424-kern-1.1.86.img[17252 blocks used, 33942 available, 51194 total, 1K-blocks]*/# : running/updated image

Running image

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System Upgrade


Update new F/W imageReset System

localhost# update flash image id 2update flash:cc5424-kern-1.1.86.img is completedlocalhost# show flashconfigs:Configuratin flash directory:File Length (bytes) Name/status----- --------------- -----------------------------------1 329 startup-config

images:System flash directory:File Length (bytes) Name/status----- --------------- -----------------------------------1 8832213 1_multipart_xF8FF_2_c5424-kern-1.1.86.img2 8832213 cc5424-kern-1.1.86.img (#)[17252 blocks used, 33942 available, 51194 total, 1K-blocks]*/# : running/updated image*** Kernel Image is updated, You should reboot sp boardlocalhost# reset system

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VLAN

VLAN Overview

What is VLAN (Virtual LAN) ? Define Broadcast Domain at Layer 2 Network..

Broadcast Domain

Broadcast Domain

Broadcast Domain

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VLAN

VLAN Configuration

CCS5424

Router

INTERNET

File ServerOverlap Port

vlan2 vlan3 vlan4Port 1/1-3 Port 2/1-3 Port 3/1-3

Port 5/1 Port 6/1

vlan2 vlan4

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VLAN

Sample Configuration (1)localhost(config)# vlan id 2 port fastethernet 1/1-3,5/1[CRCS]sys_mac_vlan : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d2localhost(config)# vlan id 3 port fastethernet 2/1-3[CRCS]sys_mac_vlan : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d3localhost(config)# vlan id 4 port fastethernet 3/1-3,6/1[CRCS]sys_mac_vlan : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d4localhost(config)# endlocalhost# show vlanVLAN Name Status Slot/Ports---- ---------------- -------- ------------------------------------1 DEFAULT active 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/1 4/2 4/3 4/4 5/2 5/3 5/4 6/2 6/3 6/4 8/1 8/2

2 DEFAULT active 1/1 1/2 1/3 5/1

3 DEFAULT active 2/1 2/2 2/34 DEFAULT active 3/1 3/2 3/3 6/1

VLAN Interface MTU STP---- ------------ ------ -------- ---------------------------------1 enable 1500 enable2 disable 1500 enable3 disable 1500 enable4 disable 1500 enable

Verifying VLAN

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VLAN

Sample Configuration (2)

Erase VALN

localhost# config tlocalhost(config)# no vlan id 2localhost(config)# no vlan id 3localhost(config)# no vlan id 4localhost(config)# endlocalhost# show vlanVLAN Name Status Slot/Ports---- ---------------- -------- ------------------------------------1 DEFAULT active 1/1 1/2 1/3 1/4 2/1 2/2 2/3 2/4 3/1 3/2 3/3 3/4 4/1 4/2 4/3 4/4 5/1 5/2 5/3 5/4 6/1 6/2 6/3 6/4 8/1 8/2

VLAN Interface MTU STP---- ------------ ------ -------- ---------------------------------1 enable 1500 enable

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VLAN

Assign IP Address to VLAN

localhost(config)# int vlan id <vlan #>localhost(config)# int vlan id <vlan #> localhost(config-if)# ip address <ip address/mask>localhost(config-if)# ip address <ip address/mask> Assigned IP address make mac-address of vlanAssigned IP address make mac-address of vlan

localhost# config tlocalhost(config)# int vlan id 2localhost(config-if)# ip address 172.10.1.1/16localhost(config-if)# exitlocalhost(config)# exitlocalhost# show vlan

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Tag VLAN

Tag VLAN Overview

VID 1 VID 3

Tag Frame

VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3VLAN 3 VLAN 1VLAN 3

CCS5424

There is VID field value in frame information and frames can beThere is VID field value in frame information and frames can be transmitted between same VLAN groups by the VID field value. transmitted between same VLAN groups by the VID field value.

There is VID field value in frame information and frames can beThere is VID field value in frame information and frames can be transmitted between same VLAN groups by the VID field value. transmitted between same VLAN groups by the VID field value.

CCS5424 CCS5424 CCS5424

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VLAN 1VID=1

Tag Port

VLAN 1VID=1

Tag Port

VLNA 3VID=3

Tag Port

VLAN 4 VID=4

Tag Port

Multi Port Port A

VID=1,3,4

VID

4

VID

1

Encapsulate Tag Field information into a frame, and forward.Encapsulate Tag Field information into a frame, and forward. Encapsulate Tag Field information into a frame, and forward.Encapsulate Tag Field information into a frame, and forward.

Tag VLAN

Multi Port Progress

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Tag VLAN

Tag VLAN Configuration

CCS5424A CCS5424B

VID 1 VID 2 VID 1 VID 2

Multi tag 1-2

VID 2

VID 1

Port 1/1 Port 2/1

Port 3/1 Port 3/1

Port 2/1Port 1/1

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Tag VLAN

Sample Configuration (1)localhost# config tlocalhost(config)# dot1q port fastethernet 1/1 tag VLAN TAG IDlocalhost(config)# dot1q port fastethernet 1/1 tag 1localhost(config)# dot1q port fastethernet 2/1 tag 2localhost(config)# dot1q port fastethernet 3/1 tag 1-2localhost(config)# endlocalhost# show dot1qPort allowed 802.1q VLAN TAGs-------- -----------------------------------------------------------------1/1 12/1 23/1 1-2

Verifying Tag VLAN

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Tag VLAN

Sample Configuration (2)

localhost# config tlocalhost(config)# no dot1q port fastethernet 1/1 tag 1localhost(config)# no dot1q port fastethernet 2/1 tag 2localhost(config)# no dot1q port fastethernet 3/1 tag 1-3localhost(config)# endlocalhost# show dot1qPort allowed 802.1q VLAN TAGs-------- -----------------------------------------------------------------

Erase Tag VALN

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Port Trunk

Trunk Overview

Make Logical Port by using several Physical Port. Increase Bandwidth and

Offer Fault Tolerance.

Can make one Logical Port by using maximum of 4 ports.

Make Logical Port by using several Physical Port. Increase Bandwidth and

Offer Fault Tolerance.

Can make one Logical Port by using maximum of 4 ports.

If Trunk were not set, Loop would be occurred.

If Trunk were set, there is no Loop because ports works

as one.

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Port Trunk

Key Benifits Bandwidth incrementMake one Logical port by using two 100Mbps Physical Port, then it becomes 200Mbps Bandwidth

Fault toleranceFault Tolerance will be increased because even one of trunk ports is disconnected, still can communicate by using the other port.

CCS5424 CCS5424

100M x 2 = 200MEven one link is

disconnected, the other link will be

used.

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Port Trunk

Forwarding Method

SA/DA (MAC, IP, TCP/UDP port number) Frame Forwarding MethodDo Exclusive OR (EOR) by referring frame’s SA and DA, and calculate which Trunk port will be used.Both Client and Server traffic can be distributed effectively.

CCS5424 CCS5424

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Port Trunk

Configuration

CCS5424 A CCS5424 B

100M x 4 = 200M

Port fastethernet 4/1- 4

Port fastethernet 4/1- 4

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Port Trunk

Sample Configuration(1)localhost# config tlocalhost(config)# lacp key 10 port fastethernet 4/1-4 mode manuallocalhost(config)# endlocalhost# show lacp lag allSlot/Port Receieve State Mux State ----------- ----------------- ----------------------- [ 4/ 1] CURRENT COLLECTING_DISTRIBUTING [ 4/ 2] CURRENT COLLECTING_DISTRIBUTING [ 4/ 3] CURRENT COLLECTING_DISTRIBUTING [ 4/ 4] CURRENT COLLECTING_DISTRIBUTING

Verifying Trunk

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Sample Configuration(2)

Port Trunk

localhost# config tlocalhost(config)# no lacp key port fastethernet 4/1-4localhost(config)# end

Erase Trunk

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STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)

STP Overview

Broadcast LoopsBroadcast

Frame Broadcast Storm !!!

Switch would be down or not be able to do other jobs because

CPU process all broadcast packets. Then, PCs will be down

later on.

STP : One of protocols which can prevent Loop. Choose the shortest path in the center of a switch.

STP : One of protocols which can prevent Loop. Choose the shortest path in the center of a switch.

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(1)Bridge ID(IEEE STP)

Bridge Priority (2Bytes) MAC(6Bytes)

BID 8bytesRange:0~65535

Default:32768(2)Path Cost

Bandwidth STP Cost Bandwidth STP Cost

4Mbps 250 155Mbps 14

10Mbps 100 622Mbps 6

16Mbps 62 1Gbps 4

45Mbps 39 10Gbps 2

100Mbps 19

Choose Root Bridge by using Bridge ID, and other bridges select the shortest path Choose Root Bridge by using Bridge ID, and other bridges select the shortest path to the Root Bridge by using Path cost. to the Root Bridge by using Path cost.

Choose Root Bridge by using Bridge ID, and other bridges select the shortest path Choose Root Bridge by using Bridge ID, and other bridges select the shortest path to the Root Bridge by using Path cost. to the Root Bridge by using Path cost.


STP Overview

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STP Overview

Four-Step STP Decision SequenceFour-Step STP Decision Sequence

① ① Lowest Root BIDLowest Root BID

② ② Lowest Path Cost to Root BridgeLowest Path Cost to Root Bridge

③ ③ Lowest Sender BIDLowest Sender BID

④④ Lowest Port IDLowest Port ID

Three Steps of Initial STP ConvergenceThree Steps of Initial STP Convergence

①①Elect one Root BridgeElect one Root Bridge

②②Elect Root PortsElect Root Ports

③③Elect Designed PortsElect Designed Ports

Four-Step STP Decision SequenceFour-Step STP Decision Sequence

① ① Lowest Root BIDLowest Root BID

② ② Lowest Path Cost to Root BridgeLowest Path Cost to Root Bridge

③ ③ Lowest Sender BIDLowest Sender BID

④④ Lowest Port IDLowest Port ID

Three Steps of Initial STP ConvergenceThree Steps of Initial STP Convergence

①①Elect one Root BridgeElect one Root Bridge

②②Elect Root PortsElect Root Ports

③③Elect Designed PortsElect Designed Ports

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STP Configuration

CCS5424 A CCS5424 B4/1

4/2

4/1

4/2Root Bridge

DP

DP

RP

AP

State Port Symbol

BlockingForwardingDesignated PortRoot PortAlternative Port

BFDPRPAP

F F

F B

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Sample Configuration (1)localhost# config tlocalhost(config)# port fastethernet 4/1-2 stp enablelocalhost# show stp port fastethernet 4/1

Link State: upProtocol Operation: enabledPathcost Encoding: 32bitPort Number(logical): 193Port Priority: 0x08Designated Path Cost: 2000000AdminEdge: falselocalhost# show stp port fastethernet 4/2

Link State: upProtocol Operation: enabledPathcost Encoding: 32bitPort Number(logical): 194Port Priority: 0x08Designated Path Cost: 2000000AdminEdge: false

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Specifying Max # of Mac address

Overview

Purpose of this study

Confirm the limit the number of MAC address in each Port Prevent illegal shared hub subscribers

Procedure of Configuration

Set to link the various PCs to an HUB

Confirm the number of PCs can able to access per port.

CCS5424CCS5424

HUBHUB

Subscriber 3Subscriber 3



Permit 2 PCs to port 5/1 Permit 2 PCs to port 5/1

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Specifying Max # of Mac address

Sample Configurationlocalhost# config tlocalhost(config)# mac-address-table max-count 2 port fastethernet 5/1[TRIGGER] DELETE MAC ON PORT 30localhost(config)# endlocalhost# show mac-address-table max-count PORT 1 2 3 4---------------------------------------------------------------- SLOT 1 X X X X SLOT 2 X X X X SLOT 3 X X X X SLOT 4 X X X X SLOT 5 2 X X X SLOT 6 X X X X SLOT 8 X X----------------------------------------------------------------

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III. Routing Protocol Configuration

Static RIPOSPF

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Routing is …..

Routing is the process of forwarding an item from one location to another.

Routers forward traffic to a logical destination in a computer network.

Routers must learn destinations that are not directly connected.

Routers need following information to route:

Destination addresses

Sources it can learn from

Possible routes

Best route

Maintain and verify routing information

172.16.1.0/24192.168.1.0/24

R1

Routing Overview

R2

R1

R3 R4

R5

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Types of Routing

Static Route

Uses a route that a network administrator enters into the router manually

Saves bandwidth for routing updates

Manual configuration is prone to mis-configuration

No route flapping

Ex) static route, default route

Dynamic Route

Uses a route that a network routing protocol adjusts automatically for topology or traffic changes

Easy and fast to run

Consumes bandwidth for routing update

The possibility of Route flapping

Ex) RIP v1/v2 , OSPF, IS-IS, BGP.

Routing

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Administrative Distance (AD)

Administrative Distance172.1

6.1

.0/2

4

OSPF AD=110

172.16.1.0/24

RIP AD=120

172.16.1.0/24

Administrative distance is a selection method among IP routing protocols to decide which

protocols is better.

The lower the administrative distance, the more trusted the learning mechanism.

I will take the route from R2 because the route

from OSPF has lower AD than that of RIP

R1

R2

R3

R4

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Route SourceRoute Source Default DistanceDefault Distance

Connected InterfaceConnected Interface 0

Static route out an interfaceStatic route out an interface 0

Static route to a next hopStatic route to a next hop 1

External BGP (EBGP)External BGP (EBGP) 20

OSPFOSPF 110

IS-ISIS-IS 115

RIP v1, v2RIP v1, v2 120

Internal BGP (IBGP)Internal BGP (IBGP) 200

UnknownUnknown 255

Default Administrative Distance

Administrative Distance

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Static Route

10.1.1.2

172.16.1.0/24

10.1.1.1

Configure unidirectional static routes to on each router. The router has no way of knowing the other routes so needs manual configuration.

Static Route

172.16.2.0/24

172.16.1.0/24

172.16.2.0/24

localhost(config)# ip route 172.16.1.0/24 10.1.1.2

localhostconfig)#ip route network/mask { address } [distance]

R2R1

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Static Route

Static Route

IP routing table look up

localhost# show ip routeCodes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, > - selected route, * - FIB route

C>* 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, vlan1C>* 100.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, managementK * 127.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, loopback0C>* 127.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, loopback0S>* 172.16.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2, vlan1

Route Source Num of Entriesconnected 3static 1Total 4

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10.1.1.2

172.16.1.0/24

(Stub Network)

10.1.1.1

Default route is useful in stub network instead of configuring all routes to get. Reduces the size of routing table. Stub network is the network which has the single exit point.

Default Route

172.16.1.0/24

Default (0.0.0.0/.0)

localhostconfig)#ip route default 10.1.1.1

localhost(config)#ip route default { address } [distance]

External Network

Default Route

R1 R2

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RIP has metric as hop-count. The hop-count increase by 1 each time the route passes through networks.

Maximum hop-count for RIP is 15. More than 16 will be unreachable.

RIP is not scalable routing protocol because of the limited hop-count.

RIP sends routing update in regular interval (Default timer is 30 seconds).

RIP V1 is classful routing protocol which means it does not advertise the subnet mask information.

RIP V2 support classless routing update and authentication.

RIP V1 uses broadcast address to update and RIP V2 uses multicast address 224.0.0.9 to update.

Use UDP port number 520

Default RIP Version for CCS5424 is version 2.

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

RIP Overview

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2.3.0.0

router rip

network 172.16.1.0/24

network 10.1.1.0/24

router rip

network 10.1.1.0/24

network 10.1.2.0/24

2.3.0.0router rip

network 192.168.1.0/24

network 10.1.2.0/24

172.16.1.0/24A B C

192.168.1.0/24R2R1 R3

10.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24

.1.1 .1.1.2 .2

Localhost(config)#router rip

localhost(config-router)# network network/mask

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

RIP Configuration

R1 R2 R3

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OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)

OSPF is a open hierarchical routing protocol using areas.

Supports VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask) and CIDR(Classless InterDomain Routing).

OSPF uses IP multicast(224.0.0.5 and 224.0.0.6) to send link-state updates.

Processes updates efficiently, that updates are only sent in case routing changes occur instead of

periodically.

OSPF allows for a logical definition of networks where routers can be divided into areas.

Areas will limit the explosion of link state updates over the whole network.

OSPF allows for routing authentication by using different methods(clear-text and MD5) of password

authentication.

OSPF uses bandwidth to calculate the best route called cost.

Uses hello messages to set up neighbor and acts as keepalive.

All area should have connection to backbone area which is area 0.

OSPF Overview

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Autonomous System

RoutingTable

Lists Best Routes

Topology Database

Lists All Routes

Neighborship Database

Lists Neighbors

Cost = 10

Neighbors

Area 1Area 0

A C

Area 2

ABR ASBRNon-OSPF

Autonomous

SystemInternal

Router / DR

OSPF Terminology


R1R2 R3

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OSPF Configuration

2.3.0.0

router ospf

network 172.16.1.0/24 area

1

network 10.1.1.0/24 area 0

router ospf



2.3.0.0router ospf

network 192.168.1.0/24 area 2


172.16.1.0/24A B C

192.168.1.0/2410.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24

.1.1 .1.1.2 .2

CC6800[ACT](config)#router ospf

CC6800[ACT](config-router)# network network/mask area area-id

Area 2Area 0Area 1


R1 R2 R3

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R2# sh ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 172.16.1.1 1 Full/DR 00:00:33 10.1.1.1 4/1 192.168.1.1 1 Full/DR 00:00:34 10.1.2.2 4/2

R2# sh ip route

C>* 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, 4/1


O>* 172.16.1.0/24 [110/1] via 10.1.1.1, 4/1, 00:01:01

O>* 192.168.1.0/24 [110/1] via 10.1.2.2, 4/2, 00:01:01


Verify OSPF

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2.3.0.0

172.16.1.0/24A B C

192.168.1.0/2410.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24

.1.1 .1.1.2.2

Area 2Area 0Area 1

100.1.1.0/24

100.1.1.0/24

External Network

192.168.1.0/24

router ospfnetwork 172.16.1.0/24 area 1network 10.1.1.0/24 area 1area 1 stub


router ospfnetwork 192.168.1.0/24 area 2network 10.1.2.0/24 area 0

The ABR on stub area drops LSA type 5 which is learned from non-ospf domain and advertises default route.

ABR and internal routers must be configured to set stub area.

An ASBR cannot be internal to stub area.

The backbone Area can not be stub area.

On the stub area, Virtual links are not allowed

192.168.1.0/24

Default (0.0.0.0/0)


Stub Area

R1 R2 R3

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R1# sh ip route


C>* 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, vlan1

O>* 10.1.2.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:00:10

O>* 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:00:05

O>* default [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:00:05

R2# sh ip route



O>* 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.2.1, 4/2, 00:00:10

O>* 172.16.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:0:10

O>* 100.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:00:05

R3# sh ip route




O>* 10.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.2.1, 4/1, 00:00:10

O>* 172.16.1.0/24[120/1] via 10.1.2.1, 4/1, 00:00:10

O>* 100.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.3.2, 4/2, 00:00:05

Verify Stub Area


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Totally Stub Area

2.3.0.0

172.16.1.0/24A B C

192.168.1.0/2410.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24

.1.1 .1.1.2 .2

Area 2Area 0Area 1

100.1.1.0/24Default (0.0.0.0/0)

100.1.1.0/24

External Network

192.168.1.0/24


router ospfnetwork 10.1.1.0/24 area 1network 10.1.2.0/24 area 0area 1 stub no-summary


ABRs on totally stub area drop LSA type 3/4/5 and advertise default route.

ABR must be configured to set area totally stub area and internal routers are optional.

An ASBR cannot be internal to totally stub.

Area is not the backbone Area 0.

Virtual links are not allowed.


R1 R2 R3

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R1#sh ip route



O>* 10.1.2.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:00:10

O>* default [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:00:05

R2# sh ip route



O>* 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.2.1, 4/1, 00:00:10

O>* 172.16.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:0:10

O>* 100.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 4/1, 00:00:05

R3# sh ip route




O>* 10.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.2.1, 4/1, 00:00:10

O>* 172.16.1.0/24[120/1] via 10.1.2.1, 4/1, 00:00:10

O>* 100.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.3.2, 4/2, 00:00:05


Verify Totally Stub Area

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Virtual Link

2.3.0.0

172.16.1.0/24A B C

192.168.1.0/24

10.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24

.1.1 .1.1.2 .2

router ospfnetwork 172.16.1.0/24 area 2network 10.1.1.0/24 area 1router-id 10.1.1.1area 1 virtual-link 10.1.2.2


router ospfnetwork 192.168.1.0/24 area 0network 10.1.2.0/24 area 1router-id 10.1.2.2area 1 virtual-link 10.1.1.1

All area should be connected to backbone area.

If an area is not connected to backbone directly, use Virtual-link to connect to backbone area.

Area 2 Area 1

Area 0

Backbone


R1 R2 R3

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2.3.0.0

172.16.1.0/24

192.168.1.0/24

192.168.2.0/24

192.168.3.0/24

192.168.4.0/24

192.168.5.0/24

10.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24

.1.1 .1.1.2 .2

Area 2Area 0Area 1

192.168.0.0/21



router ospfnetwork 192.168.1.0/24 area 2network 192.168.2.0/24 area 2network 192.168.3.0/24 area 2network 192.168.4.0/24 area 2network 192.168.5.0/24 area 2network 10.1.2.0/24 area 0area 2 range 192.168.0.0/21

Area summarization reduces the size of routing table.

This must be configured on ABR


Summarization

R1 R2 R3

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Simple and Flexible

IV. Multicast Protocol Configuration

PIM-SM

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PIM – SM OverviewOverview

Protocol independent (uses unicast route table for RPF check)

No separate multicast routing protocol

Explicit Join Model (Transmit Multicast Traffic only if there is PIM Join Request )

PIM-SM is efficient because it does not send useless Prune Message from Root.

PIM-SM is Single, Unidirectional shared tree structure.

ROOT of PIM-SM is called RP (Rendezvous Point), and created Shared Tree is called

RP (Rendezvous Point) Tree = RPT.

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PIM - SMShared Tree Joins

A B RP D

C E

Receiver 1 (Group G)

1

3

2

4

New Receiver 2 (Group G)

5

67

8

PIM-SM is Single, Unidirectional shared tree structure. ROOT of PIM-SM is called RP (Rendezvous Point), and created Shared Tree is called RP (Rendezvous Point) Tree = RPT.

Receiver Join Router C creates Routing Table for this multicast group (*,G) places the Ethernet interface in the outgoing interface list of the (*,G) entry. Router C Join RP of Shared Tree RP creates (*,G) Routing Table adds the link to

Router C to the outgoing interface list for (*,G) Router E (*,G) creates Routing Table when Receiver 2 Join as (*,G) Register

Outgoing Interface for (*,G) Router E Joins Router C for (*,G) Router C add Router E to Outgoing Interface after checking that (*,G) is exists at Shared Tree.

1

32

45

6

7

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PIM - SMShared Tree Prunes

A B RP D

C E


1

New Receiver 2 (Group G)

2

Leave

(*,G) Prune

3

Router E erases (*,G) from Outgoing Interface when it leaves from Receiver 2. Transmit Prune of (*,G) to Shared Tree’s RP.

Router C receives (*,G) Prune and deletes Outgoing Interface for Router E. Router C does not send Prune to RP because (*,G) is exists at Direct Connected Interface’s below.

1 2

3

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PIM - SMShortest Path Tree Joins

A

B RP D

C E


1

3

2

45

6

Source S1 (Group G)

Router E refers Unicast Routing Table, and calculate SPT for S1. Then, it sends Join message to Router C.

Router C registers Router E for (S1,G) to Outgoing Interface, and calculate RPF. And, Router C joins to Router A which has lower cost. Router A registers Router C at Outgoing Interface, then transmits traffic.

(S1,G) Join

(S1,G) Join

(S1

,G) J

oin

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PIM - SMPIM Join/Prune Message

Join / Prune message has Multicast Source Address, Multicast Group Address, and Flags information.

PIM Join/ Prune message 1. Multicast source address : Multicast Source IP address 2. Multicast group address : Multicast Address for Join / Prune 3. WC bit (Wildcard flag) : Join / Prune Shared Tree (*.G) Entry 4. RP bit(RP Tree flag) : The information is forwarding to upper Shared Tree. Ex.) If PIM Join information of Join/ Prune message has flowing entry, Source address = 100.1.1.1Source address = 100.1.1.1 Group address = 224.1.1.1Group address = 224.1.1.1 Flags =WC, RPFlags =WC, RP WC and RP bit is set to (*,G) and Multicast Groups of 224.1.1.1 is the address for

Join. And, it forward to 100.1.1.1 which is RP.

And, if Prune entry is as follows, Source address = 200.1.1.1Source address = 200.1.1.1 Group address = 224.100.100.100Group address = 224.100.100.100 Flags = noneFlags = none (S,G) which Source is 200.1.1.1 and Multicast Group of 224.100.100.100 is for

Pruning.

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PIM - SMPIM-SM State-Refresh

If Up Stream Router does not process Prune Message because of congestion or some other reasons, the Router erases Multicast Routing Table of (*,G) and (S,G) after Life time (3 min.). Therefore, after 3 minuets Time out, Down Stream Router forwards PIM Join/Prune message to Up Stream Neighbor in every 1 minuet to prevent Entry Delete.

The Router which received PIM Join/ Prune message, refreshes Multicast Routing Table Entry, and resets Expiration Timer (3 minuets).

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PIM - SMConfiguration

R2 R1Media Server10.10.10.10

User100.1.1.10

f4/1 vlan id 210.10.10.1/24

f4/2 vlan id 3 172.1.1.1/24

f4/1 vlan id 2172.1.1.2/24

f4/2 vlan id 3100.1.1.1/24

OSPF area 0

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PIM - SMSample Configuration

R1# config tR1(config)# vlan id 2 port fastethernet 4/1[CRCS]sys_mac_vlan : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d2R1(config)# vlan id 3 port fastethernet 4/2[CRCS]sys_mac_vlan : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d3R1(config)# int vlan id 2[CRCS]vlan2 : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d2R1(config-if)# ip address 10.10.10.1/24R1(config-if)# ip pim-smR1(config-if)# exitR1(config)# int vlan id 3[CRCS]vlan3 : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d3R1(config-if)# ip address 172.1.1.1/24R1(config-if)# ip pim-smR1(config-if)# exitR1(config)# ip pim-sm static-rp 10.10.10.1R1(config)# router ospfR1(config-router)# network 10.10.10.0/24 area 0R1(config-router)# network 172.1.1.0/24 area 0R1(config-router)# end

Define Static RP (Rendezvous Point)

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PIM - SMSample Configuration

R2# config tR2(config)# vlan id 2 port fastethernet 4/1[CRCS]sys_mac_vlan : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d2R1(config)# vlan id 3 port fastethernet 4/2[CRCS]sys_mac_vlan : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d3R2(config)# int vlan id 2[CRCS]vlan2 : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d2R2(config-if)# ip address 172.1.1.2/24R2(config-if)# ip pim-smR2(config-if)# exitR2(config)# int vlan id 3[CRCS]vlan3 : mac addr=00:90:a3:cd:06:d3R2(config-if)# ip address 100.1.1.1/24R2(config-if)# ip pim-smR2(config-if)# exitR2(config)# ip pim-sm static-rp 10.10.10.1R2(config)# router ospfR2(config-router)# network 10.10.10.0/24 area 0R2(config-router)# network 172.1.1.0/24 area 0R2(config-router)# end

Define Static RP (Rendezvous Point)

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PIM - SMVerify PIM Routing Entry

R1# show pim-sm mr-tableMulticast Routing Table

Group/ Incomming Outgoing Joined Pruned Leaves Source vif vifs vifs vifs vifs---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------224.2.199.194/ 03[reg_vif0] 01[vlan2 ] 01[vlan2 ] * 02[vlan3 ] 02[vlan3 ]224.2.199.194/ 01[vlan2 ] 02[vlan3 ] 01[vlan2 ].10.10.10.100 02[vlan3 ]

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