Rate Controlled Separations In Fine Chemistry HS2019 Dr. Marco Mazzotti
Phase diagrams covered in the lectureOctober 18, 2019
1 Simple eutectic
Figure 1: Phase diagram for the simple eutectic system naphthalene-benzene. [1]
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Rate Controlled Separations In Fine Chemistry HS2019 Dr. Marco Mazzotti
2 Compound formation
The solute and solvent of a binary system can combine to form compounds. In aqueous solutionsthese compounds are called hydrates and for non-aqueous solutions solvates.
Figure 2: Phase diagram for the system Mn(NO3)2 –H2O. [1]
Figure 3: Phase diagram for the system NaCl–H2O [1] .
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Rate Controlled Separations In Fine Chemistry HS2019 Dr. Marco Mazzotti
3 Enthalpy-composition diagrams
Figure 4: Enthalpy-concentration diagram for the system Na2CO3 –H2O. [1]
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Rate Controlled Separations In Fine Chemistry HS2019 Dr. Marco Mazzotti
Figure 5: Enthalpy-concentration diagram for the system MgSO4 –H20. [1]
4 Eutectic formation
Figure 6: Eutectic formation in the three-components system o-, m- and p-nitrophenol: (a)temperature-concentration space model; (b) projection on a triangular diagram. [1]
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Rate Controlled Separations In Fine Chemistry HS2019 Dr. Marco Mazzotti
5 No compound formed
Figure 7: Phase diagram for the system KNO3 –NaNO3 –H2O at 50◦C. [1]
References
[1] J.W. Mullin. 4 - phase equilibria. In J.W. Mullin, editor, Crystallization (Fourth Edition),pages 135 – 180. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, fourth edition edition, 2001.
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