1

Week #1 Objectives

• Review clients, servers, and Windows network models

• Differentiate among the editions of Server 2008

• Discuss the new Windows Server 2008 technologies

• Review Server roles and features in Server 2008

• Navigate the Windows Server 2008 interface

• Install Windows Server 2008

• Fundamental of Load Balance and Virtualization

2

Clients, Servers, and Windows Network Models

• Workgroup – Network of computers that allow each other access to

their files, printers, or Internet connection

• By default, all Windows Server 2008 computers are placed in a workgroup named WORKGROUP

3

Domain Model with Active Directory

• Domain – Single security database for all users and computes

• Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)– Runs the domain security database

• Domain controllers (DCs)– Servers that hosts domain security database

• Domain Name System (DNS)– TCP/IP-based standard for resolving computer names

with IP addresses

4

Domain Model with Active Directory (continued)

• Group Policy – Specific configurations for users and computers

• Forest– A network of domains related to each other by trusts– More than one domain trees

• Transitive trusts– Trusts within an Active Directory Forest– Automatically created when domains are created

5

Windows Server 2008 Editions

• General editions of Windows Server 2008– Enterprise, Datacenter, and Standard– Editions designed for special-purpose server

applications• Web Server Can not be DHCP, DNS or File Server

• HPC Server For High Performance Computing Apps

• Itanium Editions– Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter editions – Available for servers using Intel Itanium Processors– Itanium processors: Different 64-bit architecture

New Technologies in Server 2008– Improved installation process: Minimal users inputs– Hyper-V: Virtualization – Server Core: Good for Web server

• Strip-down installation. Minimum Server roles

• Reduce attack surface

– TCP/IP improvements: Full support of IPv6– Network Access Protection– Server Manager– Windows Remote Management– PowerShell– Group Policy Management Console (instead of editing

Group Policy directly from AD Users & Computers) 6

7

New Roles in Server 2008• Server role

– Defines the specific task that a server is responsible

• Roles can be organized into three groups– Active Directory (AD DS, AD CS , AD RMS, AD FS)– Infrastructure

• Print Services

• File Services

• Terminal Services, Fax Services, Hyper-V, UDDI Services, Web Server (IIS 7), Windows Deployment Services

– Network roles• DHCP

• DNS

• NPAS for RRAS and NAP

New Features

• Feature– Each Server Role has features/job responsibilities

related to the roles

• Features available in Server 2008– .NET 3.0 Framework– Windows Desktop Experience– Network Load Balancing– Group Policy Management– Remote Server Administration Tools– Windows PowerShell– Windows Server Backup Features

8

Roles and Features Management

• Server Manager console and Server Manager command-line utility

• Major areas of information within Server Manager– Server Summary– Roles– Features– Diagnostics– Configuration– Storage

9

Windows Server 2008 User Interface

• New or improved features in Windows Server 2008– Start menu: Use the Start Search text box

– Network and Sharing Center – Help and Support– Windows Desktop Experience: Like Vista

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Server 2008 Deployment Tools

• Windows Deployment Services (Replace RIS in W2K3)

• Multicast

• Trivial File Transfer Protocol

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Unattended Install with Answer File

• Download and run Windows Automated Installation Kit (AIK) to start System Image Manager

• Windows System Image Manager to create answer file

• setup.exe /unattend: drive:\answer_file or use with WDS

• Allows you to configure and deploy – Windows Vista– Windows Vista Service Pack 1 (SP1)– Windows Server 2008

14

ImageX

• Command-line tool to – Capture, modify, and apply file-based disk images

for rapid deployment

• Can capture an entire disk partition or a specific folder

15

Sysprep• Prepares an installation of Windows for imaging and

deployment by – Modifying a system to create a new SID and other unique

information the next time it starts• Removes user and computer-specific information that

should not be transferred to new images• Generalization

– Removing unique characteristics of an installation before creating an image

• Out-of-Box Experience– Removes all the SIDs, unique characteristics, and

applications from an operating system• Audit Mode

– Allows you to apply additional application and driver modifications to a specific image

16

Windows Recovery Environment

• A new recovery environment built into Server 2008

• A complete diagnostic and recovery solution

• A platform for building your own recovery solutions

17

Network Load Balancing Cluster• Available on all versions of Windows Server 2008

• Two or more servers form a cluster.

• One cluster has one single virtual IP address & virtual MAC address

• Each server is an NLB node. All nodes are on the same subnet

• Data Storage Location:– On each node:

• For static data. • Frequent data synchronization.• Inconsistent data due to synchronization lag time

– At a common location, outside of the cluster• For Dynamic data • Always consistent

• Server Manager Add Features Select NLB feature– Add Network Load Balancing Manager tool to the Administrative Tools– Use Network Load Balancing Manager to create & configure a cluster

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NLB Cluster Parameters

Parameter Description

IP Configuration

Virtual IP Address

Set on all Nodes in the cluster

Map to FQDN specified for the Cluster

Network Address

Virtual MAC Address

Operation Mode

Multicast:

─ Virtual Cluster IP address is a Multicast address

─ Single network card in each node

Unicast:

─ Two network cards in each node: one for within cluster internal communication one for Client-Cluster communication

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NLB Port Rules• Granularly control how cluster handles communication by

port number

• Each port can set Filtering mode:– Multiple hosts: load balanced – Single host: one particular host responds particular port– Disabled: Block that port

• Affinity:– None: different cluster node can handle multiple connection

from the same client IP address – Single: same cluster node handles multiple requests from

the same client IP address

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Failover Cluster• Active/Passive Failover Cluster

– Two nodes: one active and one passive– When active node fails, applications & services fail over to

passive node

• Active/Active Failover Cluster:– All nodes active. One node fails, other nodes pick up load

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Server Virtualization• Available on 64 bits of Windows Server 2008• Hyper-V is a Server Role • Windows Hypervisor is installed when Hyper-V Server

Role is installed.• Hyper-V Supports:

– Multiple OS Types: Windows, Linux and other– SMP (Symmetric Multi-Processors): up to 4– Network Load Balancing– Hardware Sharing– Virtual Machine Snapshot– Quick Migration: VM migrates from one host to another

• System Center Virtual Machine Manager– Manage Virtual Machines and VM components such as

scripts, templates, iso images, etc.– Monitor workloads on physical server