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*World War I: *World War I: THE GREAT WAR*THE GREAT WAR*
*World War I: *World War I: THE GREAT WAR*THE GREAT WAR*
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Europe in 1900Europe in 1900 Five main powers in Europe at the
beginning of the 1900’s
1. Austria-Hungary2. France3. Germany4. Great Britain5. Russia
Match each of the above
A
B C
DE
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Europe in 1900Europe in 1900 Five main powers in Europe
at the beginning of the 1900’sA. Great BritainB. FranceC. Austria-HungaryD. GermanyE. Russia
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Heads of State: ‘All in the Family’ in World War IHeads of State: ‘All in the Family’ in World War I
All were grandchildren of Queen Victoria of England
Great BritainKing George V – on the right
RussiaCzar Nicholas II -- on the left
GermanyKaiser Wilhelm II
Other relatives – Sweden, Norway, Spain, Belgium, German former provinces
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Heads of State of World War IHeads of State of World War I Austria-Hungary
King Franz Joseph II United States of
AmericaPres. Woodrow Wilson
FrancePres. Raymond Ponincare
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*FACTORS that led to WAR**FACTORS that led to WAR*
1. Militarism
2. Alliances
3. Imperialism
4. Nationalism
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*MILITARISM*MILITARISMGlorifying military power and keeping
a standing army – always prepared for war.
To be great, a nation must have a powerful military.
Maintaining a large and
strong military made
citizens feel patriotic.
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*ALLIANCES *ALLIANCES A binding
agreement between nations.
Triple Alliance = Germany, Italy, & Austria-Hungary Triple Entente = Russia, France, & Great Britain
*A repercussion of alliances made before and during World War I was that they involved more countries in conflicts
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*IMPERIALISM**IMPERIALISM**A Stronger nation
dominates a weaker nation in a competition for colonies = creates conflicts between nations over colonies
*Imperialism + Militarism = As countries gain colonies, their militaries MUST grow to protect them!
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*NATIONALISM*NATIONALISM*NATIONALISM*NATIONALISMLoyalty to a nation or culture
rather than a monarchy or
empire.
Competition among nations
for:
1. territory
2. independence
3. new markets & resources
The Soldier-by Rupert BrookeThe Soldier-by Rupert Brooke
“If I should die, think only this of me:
That there’s some corner of a foreign field
That is for every England. There shall be
In the rich earth a richer dust concealed;
A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware,
Gave, one, her flowers to love, her ways to roam,
A body of England’s breathing English air,
Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home…”
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*Which idea is expressed in this excerpt from Brooke’s poem?a.Pacifismb.Imperialismc.Militarismd.Nationalism
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*CRISIS-The POWDER KEG = the BALKAN PENINSULA*CRISIS-The POWDER KEG = the BALKAN PENINSULA
*Referred to as the Powder Keg of Europe because of their Nationalistic Rivalries
The Ottoman Empire leaves the Balkans causing a power vacuum.
Slavic people desire independence. Austria-Hungary hopes to strengthen
power base by annexing the Balkans. Russia vows to aid all Slavic peoples
in the Balkans.
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Assassination at SarajevoAssassination at Sarajevo
Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian throne, & his wife Sophie visit Sarajevo.
June 28, 1914 the Archduke and wife are assassinated by Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Black Hand.
Princip was a Serbian nationalist seeking
independence.
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*The GREAT WAR Begins* *The GREAT WAR Begins*
*The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife = event that ignites the Great War because strong national rivalries and alliances propelled countries into war.
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Austria-Hungary DEMANDS: Austria-Hungary DEMANDS:
Serbia dismiss any officials who had promoted propaganda against Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungarian judges would conduct the trial of the accused in the assassination plot
Serbia had 48 hours to accept these demands or Austria-Hungary would declare war
Nicholas II Telegram to Wilhelm IINicholas II Telegram to Wilhelm II
“I am glad you are back. In this most serious moment, I appeal to you to help me. A …war has been declared upon a weak country (Serbia). The resentment in Russia, shared fully by me is enormous. I forsee that soon I shall be overwhelmed by the pressure upon me, and be forced to take extreme measures that will lead to war. To try and avoid such a (disaster) as a European war, I beg you in the name of our old friendship to do what you can to stop you allies from going to war.”
-Nicky
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*Nicholas hoped diplomacy could prevent war!!!!!
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Mobilization of EuropeMobilization of Europe Russia prepares
to defend Serbia
Russia expects Germany to aid Austria-Hungary & sends troops to German border
Russia ignored German warning
Germany supports Austria-Hungary
Germany demands Russia cancel its troop mobilization or face war
Germany declared war on Russia on Aug. 1, 1914
Germany declares war on France on Aug. 3, 1914
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*WORLD WAR I, The Great War* *WORLD WAR I, The Great War*ALLIED POWERS- Allies
United KingdomFranceItalyRussiaRomaniaGreeceBalkans– Serbia– Albania– Montenegro
CENTRAL POWERS
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
Ticket OutTicket Out
Read Spotlight On *Answer this question
on your ticket: During WWI which group of people, mostly Christians, were victims of mass murder due to distrust and suspicion?
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