1.0 Abstract. 3.0 Rationale – Why the need for watershed management tools?. W ater for Life: Alberta’s Strategy for Sustainability e ndorsed a partnership approach to watershed planning and management. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
1.0 Abstract • The purpose of this poster is to provide an overview of a GIS data framework and a suite of hydrology tools being developed to support watershed management in Alberta. • The poster outlines the rationale and vision for the work, progress to date, and highlights some examples that show data quality and utility. • Project milestones include: - progress on a GIS database using an ArcHydro framework; - enhancements on DEMs and live update on time- series data; - development of tools to delineate watersheds and extract key watershed characteristics and data; and - coupling ArcHydro capabilities with hydrology models. 2.0 Background S ettled A reas & Transportation D am s and Control S tructures Forest Tenures Municipal D istricts & C ounties S and,G ravel & A ggregate H ydrocarbon P otential P oint S ource R eturn F low s A gricultural A ctivity Pipelines Understanding the Pressures on Alberta’s Natural Environments HYDAT GIS: Visualize, manage, manipulate, analyze, and help to model temporal and spatial processes GIS: Visualize, manage, manipulate, analyze, and help to model temporal and spatial processes WISKI Enterprise Data Warehouse Naturalized Flow Climate Water Quality EMS Water Use Air, Land and Biodiversity AlbertaArcHydroFramework Streams & Monitoring Drainage Areas Hydrogaphy Channels Surface Terrain Rainfall & Snow Ortho- Photography Land Cover/Use Soil Geology Remote Sensing Modelling Interfaces Automated Watershed Delineation & Characterization Water Resources Models 25 50 75 100 125 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 Week of year Discharge (m Natural flow Desktop (Hydrological) SSRB IFN (Holistic) 25 50 75 100 125 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 Week of year Discharge (m Natural flow Desktop (Hydrological) SSRB IFN (Holistic) IFN recommendation 25 50 75 100 125 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 Week of year Discharge (m Natural flow Desktop (Hydrological) SSRB IFN (Holistic) 25 50 75 100 125 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 Week of year Discharge (m Natural flow Desktop (Hydrological) SSRB IFN (Holistic) IFN recommendation Geospatial Data Geospatial Data Time Series Data Time Series Data ArcHydro Geodatabases ArcHydro Tools ArcHydro Geodatabases ArcHydro Tools Naturalized flow Naturalized flow Flood mapping Flood mapping Water quality mapping Water quality mapping Water allocation (e.g., AWAIT) Water allocation (e.g., AWAIT) SOE reporting SOE reporting Groundwater mapping Groundwater mapping Groundwater mapping Groundwater mapping 3.0 Rationale – Why the need for watershed management tools? 4.0 Vision – ArcHydro as a Foundation for Watershed Management • As seven established Watershed Planning and Advisory Councils (WPACs) become mature over time, their planning tools and requirements will become increasingly more complex (e.g. near real-time modelling). • Alberta is leading the way to develop, design, and implement integrated resource (air, land, water & biodiversity) management plans to meet the Land Use Framework’s legislated mandate. • GIS and ArcHydro provide a strong foundation and start point for progress down this path, and • Alberta is also a busy place and is facing significant pressure on its biodiversity, air, land and water resources! • Pressures include activities related to hydrocarbon recovery, agriculture, forestry, mining, expanding settlements, water control structures, municipal and industrial discharges, and linear disturbance such as transportation, pipelines and seismic exploration. • These pressures pose complex social, economic and environmental challenges. Trigger Identification ofissue. N ew research findings. R eview and E valuate D eterm ine if conditions in the w atershed are getting betteror if the plan needs to be revised. M onitorand R eport G atherand analyze available inform ation. Implement W ork w ith appropriate individuals, organizations and jurisdictions to im plem ent plan. Plan E xam ine alternatives and m ake recom m endations forthe best course of action in a plan. GIS Modelling • Water for Life: Alberta’s Strategy for Sustainability e ndorsed a partnership approach to watershed planning and management. Dom inant Soil N atural R egion Elevation S urficial Geology Growing S eason Dom inant V egetation Perm afrost E xtent W ater D eficit R unoff Factors Influencing the Variability of Alberta’s Natural Environments • The Province of Alberta includes some of the most diverse terrain and waterscapes in North America. • Totaling 661,000 km 2 , Alberta’s landscapes vary from hot dry badlands, vast unbroken forests, alpine tundra, massive icefields, rich agricultural lands to rolling grasslands. • These landscapes are also home to a rich diversity of plants, mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. are well suited to the adaptive management challenges of Alberta. Water Ground 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Population (in 1000s) Alberta Manitoba Saskatchew an S ource(s): S tatistics C anada, C ensuses of population, 1956 to 2006 (D ata accessed A pril 12, 2007) Data accessed through GoA Citrix and Canada Internet Map Service Data accessed through GoA Citrix and ministry websites LiDAR
Transcript
1.0 Abstract
• The purpose of this poster is to provide an overview of a GIS data framework and a suite of hydrology tools being developed to support watershed management in Alberta.
• The poster outlines the rationale and vision for the work, progress to date, and highlights some examples that show data quality and utility.
• Project milestones include: - progress on a GIS database using an ArcHydro framework;- enhancements on DEMs and live update on time-series data;- development of tools to delineate watersheds and extract key watershed characteristics and data; and- coupling ArcHydro capabilities with hydrology models.
2.0 Background
Settled Areas &Transportation
Dams and Control
Structures
Forest Tenures
Municipal Districts
& Counties
Sand, Gravel& Aggregate
HydrocarbonPotential
Point SourceReturn Flows
AgriculturalActivity
Pipelines
Understanding the Pressures on Alberta’s Natural Environments
HYDAT GIS:Visualize, manage,
manipulate, analyze, and help to model temporal and spatial processes
GIS:Visualize, manage,
manipulate, analyze, and help to model temporal and spatial processes
3.0 Rationale – Why the need for watershed management tools?
4.0 Vision – ArcHydro as a Foundation for Watershed Management
• As seven established Watershed Planning and Advisory Councils (WPACs) become mature over time, their planning tools and requirements will become increasingly more complex (e.g. near real-time modelling).
• Alberta is leading the way to develop, design, and implement integrated resource (air, land, water & biodiversity) management plans to meet the Land Use Framework’s legislated mandate.
• GIS and ArcHydro provide a strong foundation and start point for progress down this path, and
• Alberta is also a busy place and is facing significant pressure on its biodiversity, air, land and water resources!
• Pressures include activities related to hydrocarbon recovery, agriculture, forestry, mining, expanding settlements, water control structures, municipal and industrial discharges, and linear disturbance such as transportation, pipelines and seismic exploration.
• These pressures pose complex social, economic and environmental challenges.
TriggerIdentification of issue.New research findings.
Review and EvaluateDetermine if conditions in thewatershed are getting better or if the plan needs to be revised.
Monitor and ReportGather and analyze available information.
ImplementWork with appropriateindividuals, organizations andjurisdictions to implement plan.
PlanExamine alternatives and makerecommendations for the bestcourse of action in a plan.
GIS
Modelling
• Water for Life: Alberta’s Strategy for Sustainability endorsed a partnership approach to watershed planning and management.
Dominant Soil
NaturalRegion
Elevation Surficial Geology
Growing Season
DominantVegetation
PermafrostExtent
Water Deficit
Runoff
Factors Influencing the Variability of Alberta’s Natural Environments
• The Province of Alberta includes some of the most diverse terrain and waterscapes in North America.
• Totaling 661,000 km2, Alberta’s landscapes vary from hot dry badlands, vast unbroken forests, alpine tundra, massive icefields, rich agricultural lands to rolling grasslands.
• These landscapes are also home to a rich diversity of plants, mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians.
are well suited to the adaptive management challenges of Alberta.
WaterGround
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Po
pu
latio
n (
in 1
00
0s)
AlbertaManitobaSaskatchewan
Source(s): Statistics Canada, Censuses of population, 1956 to 2006 (Data accessed April 12, 2007)
Data accessed through GoA Citrix and Canada Internet Map Service
Data accessed through GoA Citrix and ministry websites
LiDAR
Others
• Version 2 of AB_ArcHydro was produced using the raster Provincial 100m DEM plus high quality hydrography (stream network) that was burned into the DEM.• When a Hydrocorrected 25m DEM became available it was used for Version 4 of ArcHydro. It was presumed that since the DEM had been resampled* with the drainage network taken into account, this would be an improvement over ArcHydro 2. (*the 25m grid size was resampled from the 100m DEM, by interpolation)• However, user acceptance testing of ArcHydro 4 data set is ongoing as several issues have been identified with the Hydrocorrected Provincial 25m DEM layer. For the moment, ArcHydro 2 remains the endorsed version for watershed delineation purposes.
Raster Data• Raw DEM•Filled DEM•Flow direction•Flow accumulation•Stream Definition•Stream Segmentation•Catchment Grid•Slope•Slope greater than 30%
Vector Data•Catchment•Drainage Line•Adjoint Catchment •Drainage Point•Longest Flow Path For Catchment•Longest Flow Path For Adj.Catchment Centroid of Catchment
Daily Time Series Data•Streamflow data •Water level data •Precipitation data •Snowfall data •Rainfall data •Temperature data•Sunshine data•Snow pillow data
•Wind speed/direction data
Network•The geometric network•The complex edge feature class•The hydro junction of the network•The relationship of hydro junction and catchment watershed
Data Created in AB-ArcHydro
5.0 AB-ArcHydro: Progress to Date
• SDE geodatabases created for each of the 18 ‘major’ basins in the province (stream definition of 5 km2)
• AB-ArcHydro is currently accessed two ways:- Stand-alone Desktop ArcGIS- Citrix thin-client
AB ArcHydro example for North Saskatchewan River Basin
Data organized into 18 major basins
6.0 AB_ArcHydro: Current and Future Applications and Development
•
Reconciling the Provincial DEM
Coupling to Hydrologic Models
Maidment, D.R. 2002. Arc Hydro – GIS for Water Resources, ESRI Press
The “Alberta Desktop Method” Recommendation for Environmental Flows uses historical natural flows to come up with an instream flow recommendation that is fully protective of the aquatic environment and in the absence of reach specific studies. It is typically applied on a weekly time step, meaning that there are 52 recommendations based on the weekly flow duration curve and computed environmental baseflow for that week. This results in fairly routine but intensive computations, and has been automated within an Application that functions with the AB_ArcHydro data.
ArcHydroGeodatabases
ArcHydroTools
Water Budget Summary
MIKE SHE IntegratedHydrologic Modelling
Simulated Hydrograph
Watershed/Climatic Characteristics
Channel Characteristics
DHI (http://www.dhigroup.com)
Legend
AthabascaRiver
BattleRiver
BeaverRiver
BowRiver
BuffaloRiver
GreatSlaveLake
HayRiver
LakeAthabasca
LiardRiver
MilkRiver
NorthSaskatchewanRiver
OldmanRiver
PakowkiLake
PeaceRiver
RedDeerRiver
SlaveRiver
SoundingCreek
SouthSaskatchewanRiver
•
Evaporation data•
Humidity data
•Natural flow dataEvapotranspiration data•
•Others
• A process for reconciling identified variances and known issues arising between different topographic-based datasets needs to be developed. This is a broader initiative than just ArcHydro. • It is recognized that no data set is without issues; but migration toward a single, adequately maintained and continually updated topographic data set for routine watershed delineations using common digital methods and tools would be ideal.
Example:
Drainage areas derived for WSC Sub-regions using pour points and the Alberta 25m Hydrocorrected DEM (colour polygons), as compared with prior drainage boundary delineations (black lines)
Areas circled in red indicate places where the hydrocorrected DEM is at significant variance to existing watershed delineations. In both cases this has been tracked to likely DEM errors – canals not being removed from the terrain – resulting in portions of the lower Bow draining south to Oldman (pink) or north to Red Deer (green).
Live data links to Department databases
• Versions 1, 3 and 4 of AB_ArcHydro were each published with a time series (TS) database of hydrologic and climate data. Although comprehensive, the data was static in nature. Copies of time series were used to populate the ArcHydro database, meaning that the update of new information (and subsequent corrections to data) requires continued maintenance. The update process depends on resource needs that are not predictable or assured.
Alberta Desktop Method Application: Computations and Report
A major goal for establishing a single source of hydrology-related time series and spatial data is to make model development, calibration and operation quicker and easier. Models that can process ArcHydro-compliant databases will be able to seamlessly interface with data sources. It is expected that ArcHydro databases and tools will support models that estimate water budgets, compute natural flows and simulate hydrographs in ungauged basins.
Testing of the MIKE SHE model for several pilot projects has been undertaken (MIKE SHE does not yet directly support ArcHydro but was planning to develop that functionality.)
Weekly FlowRecommendations
Historical Availability Matrix
Hydrologic Stats/Summary Charts
Word DocumentSummary Report
TS 1TS 4
TS 2TS 3
TS 5
• While this is workable, in principle it is preferred to reference a single true source of original data, rather than rely on standalone replications. A better solution would be to develop permanent and open data connections to Department information systems (like the WISKI time series manager, or the Enterprise Data Warehouse/EDW) to ensure the most correct and up-to-date information is always presented by AB_ArcHydro.
