Section: Simple IonsComplete each statement below by choosing a term from the following list.Terms may be used more than once.
10 II ion octet12 13 anion cation
1. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative electric charge
because it has lost or gained electrons is a(n) IOV
2. The sodium ion has II protons, / l_. neutrons,
and 1 6 electrons.3. In most chemical reactions, atoms tend to match the outer electron configura
tion of the noble gases. This is called the Oc I Lute.
Complete each statement below by writing the correct term or phrase.
4. An anion is an ion with a 1 charge.
I electrons occupy the outeost energy level of an atom.
6. The chloride ion and the chlorine atom have ‘electron
configurations.
7. A cation is an ion with a )OJ’f1 charge.
B. Many stable ions have an electron configuration of a °‘
Answer the following questions in the space provided.
9. How do the outer-shell electron configurations for ions of Group 1, Group 2,and Group 15, Group 16, and Group 17 elements compare with those of thenoble gases?
10. What (to Y’OU 110(1CC LhotIL aLl ol I lie ionic charges for Umup 1? ( roup 2?
(iroiup 15? Group 16? Group [7?
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3
1 1. [low uiiany Valallce electrons (to atoruus in Group 1, Group 2, Group 15, Group
16, and Group 17 have?
/, 6- 2 z. / / r 16
6, i- 712. State the octet rule.
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O O /o5 le’7(e(J-c / 2
13. Ions of calcium, fluorine, magnesium, and iodine have electron configurations
that are similar to which noble gases?
pXe
14. Explain why the properties of io de,,from those of their parent atoms.
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Ions and Ionic Compounds
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Worksheet 4.1-
Sections a and b: Ionic Bonding
1. IfQ
represents a chlorine atom, then model
_______
best represents a
chloride ion.
2. In Section a, when the sodium atom becomes a sodium ion, how does the size andelectron configuration of the sodium atom change? Explain what happens, and writethe electron con figuration for the atom and for the ion.
S J’ ( J f
c’i1 ‘
3. CaF2 and NaCI are examples of ionic bonding. Why does CaF2 have two anions percation while NaCI has a cation to anion ratio of 1 :1?L - j /, 4 ( f
ItL
3. Each ion formed in Sections a and b attains a noble gas configuration. How can yourecognize a noble gas configuration by looking at the electron configuration?
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I bit ChemFile interactive FutorCopyright C by Holt. Rinehart and Winston AN rights resereed.
a. b.
c.Q d.Q
Name
______________________________________________
I )ate
_________________________
(hiss
____________________________
Worksheet 4.1 continued
5. In Section a an ionic compound was formed between calcium and fluorine.
C a. Which atom, calcium or fluorine, forms a positively charged ion?
_________________
b. Which atom will increase in size or Volume when its ion is torrned?
_______________
c. What is the charge on the anion?
C d. Write the formula for [he ionic compound.
6. An ionic compound is formed tiom strontium and chlorine. Use what you learned in
Sections a and h to answer the following questions.
a. What is the electron con hguration of the strontium ion’?
(]
b. I-low many chlorine atoms are needed to accept all the electrons lost by strontium?
2c. Using Section h as a model, diagram the formation of strontium chloride. Show the
change in size for each atom as it becomes an ion. Then show the relative numbers
of ions that combine to form one unit of the ionic crystal. Use circles to represent
1. The tendency of atoms of elements ço gain or lose electrons so that their outer s and p orbitals are filled with eightelectrons is called the (‘9 ( rule.
i2. An electron that occupies the outermost energy level of an atom is known as a(n) V I ‘i
electron.
3. An atom or group of atoms that has an electrical charge because it has either lost or gained one or more electronsisa(n) Z
4. An ion that has a positive charge is a(n)
5. An ion that has a negative charge is a(n) A ‘Ce”
6. The ion formed by an atom of a metal is a(n) C . 0
7. The ion formed by an atom of a nonmetal element is a(n)
8. A compound resulting from the formation of an ionic bond between a cation and an anion is a(n)
9. A repetiçive aeqmetri arrangement of ions, atoms, or molecules that forms a crystal structure is called thei .
10. The crystal structure of a salt depends on the 2. of the cation and anion and ther of cations to anions.
11. In naming a binary ionic compound, the name of the / ‘ ‘appears first followed by the nameofthe ii/
12. The name of the ion 02_ is the 0 f ion.
13. The name of the ion Cu is the ( (I) ion.
14. The chemical formula for the compound potassium fluoride, which contains K and V ions, isxc15. The chemical formula for the compound strontium sulfide, which contains Sr2 and S2 ions, is
16. An electrically charged group of two or more bonded atoms that functions as a single ion is called a(n)
_____________
ion.
17. The chemical formula for the compound sodium chlorite, which contains Na and CIC ions, is/y E/
18. The formula for the compound ammonium sulfate, which contains and ions, is (WHi) c o
Short Answer
19. Will fluorine (atomic number 9) form an anion, or a cation? Why?
4 ,,
/ /
20. What does the fact that a sodium ion is a cation and a chloride ion is an anion have to do with why sodium and
chlorine form a bond?
2(7foc/
21. Describe the nature of an ionic compound.
22. Explain what is meant by “the lattice energy of BeF2.”
TLt & .1
23. How do you know that N02 is an anion and not an ionic compound?
