Mechanism and Prevention

Neil Partain, M.D., MPH&TM

1. ACL Injury

Prevention/1st Aid/Prognosis Stay off heels Quad strength Flexible Hamstrings

Audible “pop” or immediate joint failure.

Immediate swelling and pain.

If deformed, excruciating pain go to ER.

No deformity: Ice/Elevate, medical care within the week.

Recovery: Non-surgical: 6 wks; Surgical: 6 mo.

2. Meniscus Tear

Prevention/1st Aid/Prognosis Play golf

Immobilize to control pain.

Ice and Elevate Seek non-emergent

medical care unless pain not tolerable.

Recovery: 2-6 wk (after surgery)

3. Rotator Cuff Injury

Prevention/1st Aid

Shoulder Strength Shoulder Flexibility

Range of Injuries Non-emergent Shoulder ice wrap Rest Physical Therapy

Recovery: highly variable (3-12 wks)

4. AC Separation

Prevention

Proper ukemi Sling arm under

elbow to relieve effect of gravity.

Wrap Shoulder with ice and Saran Wrap

1st & 2nd Degree: Spontaneous healing

3rd Degree Surgical repair.

Healing time: 1st 6wks 2nd 10-12 wks 3rd up to 6 months

5. Wrist Fracture

Prevention/1st Aid/Prognosis Do not lock elbow

if bracing. Try to avoid

bracing with hand

If ignored, blood vessels to bone can die, as will the bone…permanently.

Point tenderness over “snuffbox”, loss of grip.

Hairline fracture may become displaced if ignored.

Splint in relaxed hand/wrist position seek medical care (non-emergent).

Recovery: 6-10 weeks

6. Elbow Dislocation/Impingement or Fracture

Prevention/1st Aid/Prognosis

Tap

Dislocation and fracture can pinch the artery feeding the arm.

Range of severity:1. Ligament sprain2. Joint sac injury3. Bone fracture with

dislocation.

Immobilize in straight position.

If deformed:ER. Not-deformed: Non-

emergent care/X-ray Recovery: IT DEPENDS

7. Fibula Fracture

Prevention/1st Aid/Prognosis Running program,

stay off heels.

Loose feeling/appearing foot, crunchy on outside: ER for pain Rx.

Check for spontaneous movement vs. immediate swelling/purpling, can’t move due to pain.

Splint foot straight with judogi jacket.

Recovery: 2 mo. (no surgery); 4-6 mo. (surgery)

8. Neck Injuries

Prevention/1st Aid/Prognosis Tuck neck Do not “bridge

ukemi” to avoid Ippon.

ANY loss of feeling, movement, difficulty breathing, pain in neck. (EMS)

Stabilize neck: straight “neck brace” position.

Scratch toes, fingertips for sensation, wiggling, ease of breathing.

If no signs of problems, can walk off mat.

Recovery: 4-6 wks(mild), ?? Months (mod-severe)

9. Finger Sprain

Prevention/1st Aid/Prognosis Play golf

ANY loss of feeling, cool to touch, shortening.

Do not attmept to reduce.

If deformed (esp. back/front), ER.

Spontaneous mov’t: tape and fight.

Cannot move and/or pain with passive mov’t: timekeeper.

Recovery: 2-6 wks

10. Toe Fractures/Sprains

Prevention/1st Aid/Prognosis Play golf

ANY loss of feeling, cool to touch, shortening.

Do not attmept to reduce.

If deformed (esp. back/front), ER.

Spontaneous mov’t: tape and fight.

Cannot move and/or pain with passive mov’t: timekeeper.

Recovery: 2-6 wks