11 Engine Tools Appliances Fdny

Probationary Firefighters Manual Chapter 11 ENGINE COMPANY TOOLS AND APPLIANCES

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize members with the uses of the tools and appliances associated with Engine Companies.

CONTENTS: Hose- specifications, use, care, loading, and maintenance Fittings Appliances- Handline nozzles and Multiversal nozzle

SOURCE: FDNY Firefighting Procedures FDNY Training Bulletins

FDNY REFERENCE: FDNY Firefighting Procedures, Vol. 2, Book 1 Engine Co. Ops. Ch 7

TB Tools 7, DS 2,9,12,17; TB Tools 11, DS 1,2,3; TB Tools 17

11

PART ONE HOSE

Section Title Page

1 SPECIFICATIONS 1 1.6 LIGHT WEIGHT HOSE2

2 HOSE IDENTIFICATION ...4 3 HOSE PRESSURE . 5

4 USE AT FIRES 5

5 COUPLING HOSE... 7

6 HOSE CARE..........................................................................7

7 FROZEN HOSE 9

8 HOSE REMOVAL AND MAINTENANCE .. 9

9 HOSE LOADING. 11

10 ROLLED AND FOLDED HOSE 12

FDNY Probationary Firefighters Manual Chapter Eleven ENGINE COMPANY TOOLS & APPLIANCES

1

PART 1: HOSE Developing an effective fire stream is one of the most basic fundamentals of any fire

fighting operation. Hose is the primary tool for the application of water. The proper selection, use, care and maintenance of hose will determine if an effective fire stream can be delivered.

1. HOSE SPECIFICATION

1.1 The most common sizes of hose carried by engine companies are:

DIAMETER COUPLING LENGTH MAX. WORKING PRESSURE

1 3/4 1 1/2 50 250 PSI 2 1/2 2 1/2 50 250 PSI 3 1/2 3 50 250 PSI

1.2 Marine companies have 3 1/2 inch hose with 3 1/2 inch couplings.

1.3 High pressure engine companies carry 3 inch high pressure hose with 3 inch couplings. This hose has a maximum working pressure of 600 psi. High pressure hose couplings and fittings are painted white for identification and are noticeably heavier than standard couplings and fittings.

1.4 The Satellite Water System uses 5 inch large diameter hose (LDH) with 4 1/2 inch couplings.

1.5 Pursuant to the requirements determined by the Bureau of Operations, each engine company should maintain a minimum of (20) twenty lengths of 1 3/4 inch, (30) thirty lengths of 2 1/2 inch and (10) ten lengths of 3 1/2 inch hose. This includes hose for winter operations, standpipe operations and replacement lengths stored in quarters as well as that which is carried in the apparatus hose beds. Greater amounts of hose may be carried by specific units depending upon the individual units requirements.


2

1.6 Lightweight Standpipe Hose

Lightweight standpipe hose provides for a lighter, more maneuverable standpipe stretch that will enable the nozzle team to more quickly reach the seat of the fire. An added benefit is less fatigue when carrying the hose.

The hose is manufactured by Mercedes Textiles. It is comprised of a thermoplastic polyurethane liner and a double jacket made from spun polyester. This hose has way-out couplings a yellow, reflective arrow pointing toward the exit is on each female coupling. All couplings are 2 FDNY thread.

Hose Weight Comparisons per 50 length

Current 2 1/2" Hose Light Weight 2 1/2" Hose

Light Weight 2" Hose

Dry Weight 35 lbs. 23 lbs. 18.8 lbs.

Charged Weight 135 lbs. 123 lbs. 83 lbs.

The standpipe stretch consisted of a lead length of lightweight 2 hose, with a 1 solid bore tip. The rest of the stretch is 2 lightweight hose. The 2 hose is green with two red stripes (Image 1) and the 2 hose is white with two red stripes. (Image 2) The 1 solid bore tip has been marked with green tape or anodized emerald green for identification purposes. (Image 3)

Image 1 - 2" Hose (Lead Length) Image 2 - 2 1/2" Hose Image 3 - 1" Tip


3

The green 2 hose is ONLY to be used for a Residential High Rise Fires and MUST be the lead length.

The 2 hose MUST be used with the 1 tip. The hose is green and the tip has green tape or it's anodized emerald green for identification purposes.

The 2 lead length may be used with the High Rise Nozzle.

Subway standpipe operations require all 2 hose with 1 1/8 tip. Commercial High Rises require an all 2 stretch with a 1 1/8 tip. The light weight hose has 2 butts with FDNY threads. Current hose may be used, if

needed, to fill out a stretch..

When using the green 2 lead length:

80 psi at the outlet for a three-length stretch. 90 psi at the outlet for a four-length stretch. Engine pressure is 110 psi plus 5 psi for every floor above ground-level.

The green 2 hose is For Residential Use Only. This instruction is printed on the hose. Testing has shown that the above pressures will flow 200 to 210 gpm at the nozzle.


4

2. HOSE IDENTIFICATION

2.1 Each length of hose is marked as follows:

Marking Location Hose manufacturers name or trademark Both ends of hose, not less Date of manufacture than 4 feet from couplings Coupling manufacturers name or trademark Female coupling Date of Issuance to unit Company and registry numbers Male coupling

2.2 The date of issuance is to be entered in the Office Record Journal as required by

Sections 13.2.5 and 15.3.1 of the Regulations.

2.3 The date of issuance is also the date to be referred to in Department correspondence.

2.4 IDENTIFICATION OF HOSE AT FIRES:

Units should consider the use of chalk or a grease pencil to identify hose lines. Some units maintain small chalk boards at the pump panel for this purpose. ECCs from other units simply mark the hose attached to the discharge elbow or the discharge gauge with a grease pencil. Color coded pump panels on all engines purchased after 12/01/92 should also help to eliminate confusion in identifying hoselines.


5

3. HOSE PRESSURE

3.1 The maximum pressure in hose lines should be limited to 250 psi. Only emergency needs which allow for no other corrective action permit the use of higher pump pressures. Pressures in excess of 250 psi can only be ordered by the IC.

3.2 Hose line pressure should approach as nearly as possible the ideal pressure required for the stretch. The ideal pressure is a function of:

Friction loss in the hose, fittings, and appliances.

Required nozzle pressure.

Head loss or gain. 3.3 Excessive pressure in a hoseline wastes engine power, may cause a burst length,

may result in an ineffective stream, and may endanger personnel if control of the line is lost.

3.4 In order to supply the correct pressure in a hoseline, the following information must be known:

Type of nozzle and/or size of nozzle tip.

Number of lengths of hose in the stretch and its size. ex: 6 lengths of 1 3/4 inch hose

3 lengths of 2 1/2 inch hose Number of floors or stories above or below grade where nozzle is

operating.

3.5 To reduce friction loss, keep hoselines as straight, as short, and as free of kinks as possible. Kinks in hoselines can significantly reduce required flows and must be removed as soon as possible.

3.6 Kinks should be removed manually. Attempting to straighten kinks hydraulically by use of unwarranted pressures is not good practice.

4. HOSE USE AT FIRES

4.1 The 1 3/4 inch handline is the primary attack line used at structural fires. This hose when used in conjunction with the 15/16 inch MST and controlling nozzle, provides an adequate fire stream and has better maneuverability and easier handling than the larger 2 1/2 inch handline. At a nozzle pressure of 50 psi, the 1 3/4 inch handline will flow approximately 180 gpm.

4.2 Company officers may order the stretching of 1 3/4 inch hose at fires as the initial line if its use is compatible with fire conditions and the extinguishing capability of the 1 3/4 inch hose is weighed against:

The fire's magnitude, location and potential for spread.

The occupancy of the structure and possible life hazard.


6

The advantages to be gained by an increased speed in stretching and the increased mobility of the line, versus the need for a greater water delivery rate to control the fire.

4.3 The use of 1 3/4 inch hose would be inappropriate and a company officer should not order it stretched if any of the following conditions exist:

The line is expected to be used from a purely defensive position.

An advanced fire on arrival.

A large volume of water is required to cool a superheated fire area.

A large body of fire in a large uncompartmented area.

When the officer cannot determine the size or extent of the fire or fire area.

4.4 Officers in command at fires may order 1 3/4 inch hose stretched as the second or third line when in their judgment it is compatible with fire conditions and their strategy of extinguishment/containment and/or exposure protection.

4.5 Officers in command at fires may order several 1 3/4 inch hose stretched into

exposures when it is compatible with fire conditions and their strategy of extinguishment/containment and/or exposure protection.

4.6 All hoselines stretched from standpipes shall be 2 1/2 inch diameter hose with

controlling nozzle and 1 1/8 inch MST. All hoselines stretched from standpipes shall be connected to outlets on floors below the fire floor.

4.7 The use of 2 1/2 inch hose line at standpipe operations is required due to the large

volumes of water it can deliver with low friction loss per length. The 1 1/8 inch MST will produce a fire stream at extremely low pressure and is difficult to clog.

4.8 3 1/2 inch hose is used to provide greater water flows with less friction loss. This

hose should be used to:

Supply standpipe and sprinkler systems.

Supply large caliber streams.

Relay water to other engine companies.

In-line supply for the first due engine company.


7

5. COUPLING HOSE 5.1 Coupling hose with two firefighters

One firefighter holds the hose under the right arm, near the male coupling.

The male coupling is extended, held with two hands about belt high. The male coupling is held steady.

The second firefighter holds the second length under the right arm, close to the female coupling.

The female coupling is extended to the male, a quarter turn is taken to the left, to seat the coupling, then it is swiveled to the right.

a. The first thread of both couplings is blunted with a Higbie cut. This serves a dual purpose; it protects the threads and also makes coupling easy.

b. One lug, on each coupling, male and female, has a cut in it. If the two cuts are lined up, the hose is in position for coupling. In this case the quarter turn mentioned above is not required.

5.2 Coupling hose with one firefighter - Method A

Step on the male end of the hose directly behind the coupling. This raises the coupling off the ground.

Take the female coupling of the second length and seat it by taking a quarter turn to the left. Then turn to the right to tighten it.

5.3 Coupling hose with one firefighter - Method B

Hold the male butt up between your two feet

Take the female coupling of the second length and seat it by taking a quarter turn to the left. Then turn the female swivel to the right to tighten.

5.4 The hose is uncoupled by reversing any of the foregoing procedures.

5.5 Couplings are made up right-threaded. To tighten they are turned to the right (as you work behind them), and to the left to loosen.

5.6 Couplings are made up hand tight. Use a spanner if couplings leak.

5.7 Direction of male threads: Normally point in the direction of water flow.

6. HOSE CARE 6.1 While operating at fires, frequent checks should be made of the hose line to assure

that it is not in danger of being burned. Particular attention should be paid to this under the following conditions:

When the hose is stretched through scuttles to the roof to fight a cockloft fire or as a protection line.

When the hose is laid on combustible flooring on the floor above the fire.

When the hose is stretched at large area brush or rubbish fires.


8

When the hose is stretched above or past the main body of fire to cover rescue efforts.

6.2 When stretching hose to the fire building, be aware of falling glass, it can cut the hose as well as injure members.

6.3 During overhauling, particular care must be exercised to keep hose out of hot beds of ashes and away from concealed fires.

6.4 If possible, the hose shall be kept out of contact with acids, chemicals, gasoline, oils, paints, etc.

A. If possible, the hose shall not be dragged through debris or water contaminated with any of these materials.

6.5 Hose butts and couplings should not be dropped or dragged on the ground unnecessarily.

During overhauling, when taking up from operations, and at drills, there is no valid reason for dragging butts.

To avoid dragging when moving uncoupled hose, carry the butts and pull the hose. If sufficient manpower is available, carry the hose clear of the ground.

6.6 Apparatus shall not be driven over hose lines unless absolutely necessary. When it is necessary to drive over hose lines, the following precautions should be taken:

Charge the line if possible. Hose is more susceptible to damage when it is uncharged than when it is charged because the wheels tend to separate the jacket from the rubber lining of dry hose.

Running over couplings should be avoided.

To prevent the hose from bursting, speed should be reduced to a minimum.

5-inch hose should not be driven over unless properly bridged. 6.7 Before stretching hose lines through windows or through broken glass doors, trim

off all shards of glass to prevent the hose from being cut.

6.8 Use hose rollers and ropes where the situation calls for it.

6.9 Hose stretched on the outside of buildings, via fire escapes and in stairwells should be secured with hose straps or rope to remove the water weight from the couplings.

6.10 RESULTS OF IMPROPER CARE AT FIRES

Fires and hot embers in contact with hose can damage the jacket and cause burst lengths and ultimately the destruction of the hose.

Heat in contact with the hose will cause hardening and cracking of the rubber lining.


9

Acids and some other chemicals in contact with hose will attack and weaken the jacket.

Oils, paints and gasoline, if left in contact with hose, will seep through the jacket and cause deterioration of the rubber lining.

Dropping or dragging butts and couplings can burr threads, sharpen lug edges and wear out identifying numbers. It could also lead to couplings becoming out of round or cracked.

7. FROZEN HOSE

7.1 The following methods should be considered to free hose from ice:

Chop the ice away carefully so as not to cut the hose jacket.

Use the thawing apparatus. 7.2 The following methods should be considered to free frozen couplings:

Use the thawing apparatus.

Heat from the exhaust pipe of the apparatus. 7.3 Transporting frozen hose to Quarters:

Frozen hose may be transported on pumpers, provided long round turns are made when placing it on the apparatus.

Frozen hose shall be handled and bent as little as possible.

If the hose is frozen solid, consideration should be given to transporting it on aerial apparatus. The hose can be laid out straight, which will avoid damage through bending.

7.4 Upon return to quarters, the frozen hose should be allowed to thaw out naturally before any maintenance is performed on the hose.

8. HOSE REMOVAL AND HOSE MAINTENANCE

8.1 Hose on the apparatus is removed and cleaned in the Spring and Fall of each year in accordance with Section 13.3.24 of the Regulations. Units must check the hose bed, roll-ups and stored hose serial numbers for replacement due to age. The age of the hose is determined by the first two numbers of the serial number stamped on the coupling (i.e. 970023 - the first two numbers "97" would be a 1997 length needing to be replaced in 2007). Any hose that will reach 10 years in the current calendar year is to be taken out of service with the company officer immediately notifying the Fire Tools and Equipment Unit via fax (718-391-9488) the serial numbers, size and length for replacement

Periodic removal of the hose is required in order to prevent permanent creases from developing and for necessary servicing.

Officers on duty shall remain in apparatus quarters to supervise hose changes.

Hose shall be removed from the apparatus, cleaned if necessary, inspected, and repacked.


10

Hose with aluminum alloy couplings should be uncoupled monthly and the threads greased to prevent seizing.

Dirty threads should be brushed clean in a pail of soapy water and then rinsed.

Female couplings should turn freely. The collar in the back of the swivel should be cleared of dirt and residue in order to prevent binding. Spinning the coupling in soapy water will assist in cleaning the threads and the swivel.

Hose that has been used at a fire, emergency or drill should be drained and cleaned if necessary.

Hose exposed to chemicals, oils, acid, etc., must be properly decontaminated and should not be repacked on the apparatus. Assistance from the Hazardous Materials Unit should be requested for proper treatment of the hose.

Hose that has been used to carry salt water should be flushed thoroughly with fresh water.

Hose may be exposed to salt used for snow removal or may be covered with salt water during operations at waterfront fires. Hose so exposed should be thoroughly scrubbed and rinsed off in order to remove salt deposits.

8.2 Hose should be inspected before being placed on the apparatus.

Do not place a length of hose in service which is of doubtful strength because of cuts, chafed areas or other noticeable defects.

If the serviceability of a length of hose is in doubt, test it to 250 psi.(see Sec.7.14, Hose Test Procedures).

Before connecting lengths of hose, the couplings should be checked for cracks, out of round, burred threads, and the presence of a washer in the female coupling.

Washers should be resilient, not dried out or cracked. To test the resiliency of a washer, remove it from the coupling and fold it between your thumb and forefinger. If it does not crack and returns to shape quickly, it may be returned to the coupling. If it cracks or shows sign of deterioration, replace it. Engine companies should maintain spare washers for each size hose carried, both in quarters and on the apparatus. Spare washers may be requested from the Division of Technical Services.

The proper sized washer should be used and it should not protrude into the

water way. If couplings are cracked, out of round, have burred threads or bound

swivels, the hose must be sent to Division of Technical Services for repair or replacement.


11

9 HOSE LOADING

9.1 Conditions vary in individual response areas throughout the city. Division, battalion and company commanders shall consult and agree on the hose loading method and the number of lengths that will best suit the needs of each response district.

9.2 The typical hose load has:

One bed of 3 1/2 inch hose.

One bed of 2 1/2 inch hose.

Two beds with lead lengths of 1 3/4 inch hose coupled to 2 1/2 inch hose to finish out the load.

9.3 No more than six lengths of 1 3/4 inch hose shall be used as lead lengths in any hose stretch. Greater friction loss in 1 3/4 inch hose precludes the use of more lengths without the danger of exceeding the maximum permissible working pressure of 250 psi.

9.4 When loading hose, fold it neatly, compactly and uniformly. Loading hose correctly allows the hose to play out properly and at the same time indicates to the public and to the Department, the state of supervision and spirit of the company.

9.5 When folding hose, avoid old bends since repeated bending in the same spot leads to kinking and to cracking of the rubber lining.

9.6 Do not permit the hose to lie over on its edge.

9.7 Loading the hose in the hose bed (see Fig. 1):

A. Load hose from left to right.

B. Start hose loading with the coupling extended beyond the hose bed.

C. Lay the hose straight back to the left rear of the compartment.

D. Fold the hose at the rear and bring it about halfway forward on top of itself.

E. At this halfway point, veer the hose slightly to the right so as to come alongside of the first fold.

F. Repeat the movement back and forth moving from left to right. Upon completing the first layer, fold the hose at the right rear side and cross diagonally to the left front side, and repeat until the hose loading is complete.

G. Hose folds are made several inches beyond the edge of the hose bed for

ease in grasping and removing. Keep folded ends even.

H. Avoid folding hose too close to the coupling.

I. To insure the hose lies flat on the bed, avoid twisting the hose when coupling it.

J. Do not force extra fold across the width, since this will interfere with removal.


12

K. Each individual length of hose shall be disconnected and drained prior to

reloading. When reloading, each length of hose shall be reconnected just

prior to reaching the hose bed. Do not preconnect lengths of hose prior to

reaching the hose bed or while they lay in the street. This ensures proper

drainage of the hose and prevents ice formation during freezing weather

9.8 Some companies load one or more lengths of 1 3/4 inch hose in a horseshoe. This is formed by placing the hose on edge and folding the hose back and forth in the shape of a horseshoe (see Fig. 2). The horseshoe permits ease in grasping and stretching and ensures exactly one length of hose is removed

9.9 Company commanders shall establish a method whereby a length of 3 1/2 inch hose can be stretched from either side of the apparatus in the event a hydrant hookup with a standard hydrant connection is not feasible.

Fig. 1 Fig. 2 10. ROLLED AND FOLDED HOSE

10.1 As required by Section 13.2.8 of the Regulations, engine companies shall carry not less than three lengths of 2 1/2 inch and not less than three lengths of 1 3/4 inch hose (rolled or folded) and the necessary fittings to place a line into operation including, but not limited to, appropriate hydrant wrenches, reducers, nozzles, etc.

Additionally, each engine company shall ensure that an extra length of 1 3/4 inch hose with nozzle, either rolled or folded, is stored on the apparatus. This hose must be easily accessible so that it can be used to replace a burst length or for adding to a short stretch.

10.2 Rolled Length In Service Roll

A. Lay the hose out flat and straight for its full length.

B. Take the male end and double it back on itself.

C. Place the male butt about 3 feet from the female coupling (see Fig. 3)


13

D. Beginning at the folded end, roll the doubled hose tightly toward the couplings ( allow a hand hole about the size of a fist at the doubled end for carrying the hose).

E. One member rolls the hose while a second member keeps the hose straight and removes slack.

F. Secure the rolled up length with a short piece of rope (see Figs.4 and 5)

G. Hose which is to be sent to the Division of Technical Services shall be single rolled with the male butt inside.

Fig. 3

Fig. 4 Fig. 5

Turns in rope are shown loosely. In actual practice, rope is made up, securely.


14

10.3 Folded Length

A. Lay one length of hose folded halfway with the 2 butts side by side. Facing butts, male butt is on your left. (Figure 6)

One length folded in half Figure 6

NOTE: For lead length, attach nozzle and fold hose in half so that nozzle tip is on your left even with the female butt. (Figure 7A)

Figure 7 A

B. Bring fold B to the butts A. (Figure 8)

Figure 8


15

Male Female Figure 11

C. Bring fold C up to the butts over fold B. (Figure 9)

Figure 9

D. Bring fold D up and over so that it is on top of fold B and fold C. (Figure 10)

Figure 10

E. Take the completed folds and turn them over so that the male butt is placed on the right of the folded length. (Figure 11)

Female Male

F. Secure completed folds with strap connector on top as indicated. Straps must

be tight enough so the butts will not flop around. (Figure 12)


16

Figure 12

G. Proceed as per Evolution 9. (Figure 12 A)

Figure 12A

17

PART TWO

FITTINGS

Section Title Page

1 INTRODUCTION. .. 19

2 DEFINITIONS 19 3 RULES FOR CONNECTING COUPLINGS20

4 COUPLING SITUATIONS AND SOLUTIONS. 21


19

PART TWO: FITTINGS 1. INTRODUCTION

The department uses hose of various sizes and employs several methods of stretching hose lines. Appliances used in conjunction with hose lines have couplings varying in size and sex and occasionally threads. The preceding present situations where due to size, sex or thread variations, it is impossible to connect couplings together. In these instances it is necessary to use fittings to facilitate connecting incompatible couplings. This Bulletin lists and illustrates the various types of fittings used by the Department as well as the methods employed when using them.

2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Adapter: A solid fitting with a N.Y. Fire Dept. coupling on one end and a different (usually National Standard) coupling on the other.

2.2 Appliances: A device used to apply water or other extinguishing agent on a fire; or to divide, control or combine hose streams.

2.3 Connect: Joining two couplings together to form a continuous waterway. 2.4 Coupling: That device on a length of hose for connecting it to other lengths of hose

or appliances or fittings; that part of a fitting or appliance used to connect it to a hose line or other fittings or appliance.

Note: In F.D.N.Y., the common coupling is a threaded type, solid male or female swivel which mate. Other type couplings are: Quick connect and Hermaphrodite which are not used by NYFD

2.5 Double Female Connection: Fitting with a female coupling on both ends, with a swivel connection on one or both ends.

2.6 Double male connection: Solid fitting with male coupling on both ends.

2.7 Fitting A device other than an appliance used in conjunction with hose line operations. Some common fittings are: Double female connection, double male connection, reducer; double female reducer; increaser; adapters.

2.8 Increaser: Solid fitting with a larger size male coupling than female coupling. 2.9 Reducer: Solid fitting with female coupling larger than male coupling.

Note: A special case is a double female swivel reducer. (see Figure 2). 2.10 Sex Determined by location of the threads on a coupling.

Female coupling threads are located internally. Male coupling threads are located externally.

2.11 Size Diameter of waterway generally graduated in a 1/2" sequence. 2.12 Solid coupling:

Coupling that does not swivel relative to the fitting, appliance or hose that it is a part of.


20

2.13 Swivel coupling: A coupling capable of rotation relative to the fitting, appliance or hose of which it is a part.

3. RULES FOR CONNECTING COUPLINGS

3.1 Sex: Couplings of the same sex and size may be connected by using a double male or double female connection.

3.2 Size: Compare the size of the couplings: If the male is smaller than the female, an increaser is used. If the male is larger than the female, a reducer is used.

3.3 Solid to solid: The couplings of hose, fittings and appliances are connected "solid to

solid" whenever possible. A non swiveling (solid) coupling is connected to another non-swiveling section. This procedure enables a member to effectively make a final connection by means of the remaining female swivel connection of a hose coupling, fitting or other appliance.

3.3.1 Figure 1 illustrates a situation where fittings are used and connected solid to solid

as described in Sec. 3.3.

Figure 1

3 3x 2 1/2 2 1/2 x 1 1/2 1 1/2

3.4 Direction of the male threads: Normally point in the direction of water flow

SOLID (no swivel)

NOT SOLID (swivel)


21

4. BASIC COUPLING SITUATIONS AND SOLUTIONS 4.1

4.2

4.2.1 DOUBLE MALE CONNECTION Purpose: To connect two female couplings of the same size. Description: solid fitting with a solid male coupling on both ends. Sizes: a. 1 1/2" b. 2 1/2" c. 3" d. 3 1/2" e. 4 1/2"

4.2.2 DOUBLE FEMALE CONNECTION Purpose: To connect two male couplings of the same size.


22

Description: A fitting with female coupling on both ends with a swivel coupling on one or both of these ends.

Sizes: a. 1 1/2" b. 2 1/2" c. 3" d. 3 1/2" e. 4 1/2"

4.3

4.3.1 REDUCER

Purpose: To connect couplings when the male coupling is larger size than the female coupling.

Description: Solid fitting with female coupling larger size than male coupling.

Size 1 1/2" x 1" 2 1/2" x 1 1/2" 3" x 2 1/2" 3 1/2" x 3"

4.3.1A DOUBLE FEMALE SWIVEL REDUCER 4 1/2 X 2 1/2" (Figure 2)

Purpose: To connect two male couplings when one has 4 1/2" threads and the other has 2 1/2" threads. Generally used to connect a 4 1/2" hydrant suction connection to a 2 1/2" hydrant outlet.

Description: A fitting with a 4 1/2" female coupling on one end and 2 1/2" female coupling on the other. The 2 1/2" coupling swivels.

FIGURE 2


23

4.3.2 INCREASER Purpose: To connect couplings where the female coupling is larger in size

than male coupling. Description: A solid fitting with male coupling larger in size than female

coupling.

Size

1" to 1" booster 1" to 2" 2" to 3" 3" to 3"

3" to 4" Satellite Water System 3" to 4" Satellite Water System

Note: 1" to 2" increaser can be used to connect (1-3/4" hose with 1"

coupling) to appliances with 2" couplings. It can be used to extend and control a 2" line from a shut-off with a 1" male coupling.

4.4

SITUATION ADJUSTMENT FITTINGS SEX SIZE SEX SIZE NEEDED Same Different Yes Yes Double Male and Increaser or

Double Female and Reducer

Figure 3

Figure 4

OR


24

4.5

SITUATION ADJUSTMENT FITTINGS SIZE THREAD SIZE THREAD NEEDED Same Different No Yes Adaptor

Figure 4

ADAPTORS

4.5.1 PURPOSE: To connect couplings with N.Y. Fire Department threads to couplings with other type threads.

4.5.2 NATIONAL STANDARD ADAPTER 1 1/2" X 1 1/2" (Figure 5)

Permits National Standard appliances, fittings and hose to be used with FDNY equipment.

Solid fitting with a 1 1/2" N.Y. Fire Department female coupling with 1 1/2" National Standard male coupling.

\ Figure 5

1 x1 1/2

OR


25

4.5.3 FDNY ADAPTER 1 1/2" X 1 1/2" (Figure 6)

Permits FDNY appliances, fittings and hose to be used with National Standard equipment.

Solid fitting with a 1 1/2" National Standard female coupling with 1 1/2" NY Fire Dept male coupling.

\ .

FIGURE 6 FDNY 1 1/2x 1 1/2

4.5.4 F.D.N.Y. ADAPTER 2" X 2" (Figure 7)

Permits FDNY appliances, fittings and hose to be used with National Standard equipment.

Solid fitting with a 2 1/2" National Standard female coupling with 2 1/2" NY Fire Dept male coupling.

FIGURE 7

2 1/2 National Std.

2 1/2 FDNY


26

4.5.5 IMPROVISING

On occasion, it becomes necessary to improvise, when an indicated fitting is not available. (Fig 8) & (Fig 9)

A. Problem: Connect two 2" female couplings, no 2" double male

coupling is available. (Fig 8)

Solution: Use a 3" double male connection, connect a 3" x 2" reducer to each coupling of the double male and connect to the 2" female couplings.

Figure 8

3 double male

reducer 3x 2 1/2 B. Problem: Connect two 2" male couplings, no 2" female coupling is

available. (Fig 9)

Solution: Connect a 2" x 3" increaser to each 2" male coupling and connect the couplings by means of a 3" double female.

Figure 9

double female 3

increasers 2 1/2x 3

PART THREE

APPLIANCES Section Title Page

1 Nozzles .29

2 Nozzle Maintenance ......34 3 Multiversal Nozzle 36 4 High Rise Nozzle...44


29

PART THREE: APPLIANCES 1. NOZZLES

1.1. DEFINITIONS AND DESIGNATIONS 1.1.1 A nozzle is a hose line appliance that is either single unit or multi-unit, in

that it is composed of one or more sub-assemblies. It is used to direct the flow of water increase the velocity or flow, or disperse the water in small droplets or fog** in various patterns.

1.1.2 OPEN NOZZLE- basically a solid stream tip designed to be attached

directly to the hose butt. It differs from MST in that no threads are provided at its outlet orifice.

1.1.3 CONTROLLING NOZZLE- any nozzle which contains a mechanism for

controlling the flow of water at the nozzle. 1.1.4. WORKING NOZZLE- any nozzle carried attached to hose in the hose bed

of the apparatus

1.1.5 SHUT-OFF (SO) Figure 1- That section of the nozzle that contains the water control valve. It is identified by the letters "SO".

FIGURE 1 Typical Shut-Off (SO)


30

1.1.6 TIP - in attachment usually connected to a SO, or a hose butt; it performs the basic function of the nozzle and is designed in various forms. The characteristics of Solid Stream tips and nozzles are determined by tip design. The patterns and flows of fog stream tips and nozzles are determined by special designs.

A. SOLID STREAM TIPS are generally Stacked. Stacked Tips for

hand lines are limited to two individual tips.

a- MAIN SOLID STREAM TIP (MST) [Figure 2] - is fitted with threads at its outlet orifice, is the first tip of the stack, and is attached directly to a SO.

FIGURE 2 Typical Main Solid Stream Tip (MST)

b- OUTER SOLID STREAM TIP (OST) [Figure 3] - does not have

outlet orifice threads, and is threaded at its inlet for attachment to a MST to further reduce bore diameter. The 1/2" tip is a OST.

FIGURE 3

Typical Outer Solid Stream Tip (OST)

Hub Converging section of bore

Cylindrical section of bore

Outlet Orifice Diameter

Washer space

Inlet Orifice Diameter

Coupling Female (Generally 1 1/2 FDNY Thread)

Inlet

Leather Washer

Hub

Male threads are compatible with discharge outlet threads of 3/4, 15/16, 1 1/8, 1 1/4, MST

1/2 Outlet

Cylindrical section of bore


31

B. FOG TIPS and FOG NOZZLES are fog producing devices.

1. FOG TIP (FT), Figure 4- the most common types have an outer rotating barrel which is used for stream adjustments and, in some models, as a shut-off.

2. Most FT's are classified as Combination Straight stream/ Fog devices. The straight stream is hollow and the fog patterns depend on adjustments permitted by the Outer Rotating Barrel.

FIGURE 4 Typical Comb. SS/FOG* Tip (FT)

3. FOG NOZZLE (FN), Figure 5 is defined as a fog producing device that contains, addition to the Outer Rotating Barrel, a ball-type shut-off as an integral part of its assembly.

Rim Baffle

Serrated Teeth

Outer Rotating Barrel

Sleeve

Coupling Lug (pin type)

Coupling - Swivel or non-swivel female base 1 1/2 or 2 1/2 thread

Tip may have raised (braille-like) Pattern indicators and/or click stops

*Straight Stream/Fog


32

FIGURE 5 Typical Comb. SS/FOG* Nozzle (FN)

C. FTs AND FNs MAY BE OF VARYING DESIGN:

1. CONSTANT FLOW OR VARIABLE FLOW - These terms define what occurs to the amount of water being discharged when the pattern selection is changed.

CONSTANT FLOW Once a given flow had been

established, a flow will remain constant and will not vary if the discharge pattern is changed. Because of this feature, member must be aware that the volume discharged may be less than required.

VARIABLE FLOW - Once a given flow has been

established, flow will vary if the discharge pattern is changed. For example, more water is generally delivered in the fog position than in the straight stream position.

2. CONSTANT PRESSURE OR VARIABLE PRESSURE

These terms define what occurs to the nozzle pressure when the amount of water being supplied to the tip/nozzle is increased or decreased.

Rim

Baffle

Nozzle may have raised (braille-like) pattern indicators and/or click stops

Shut-off handle

Serrated Teeth

In some models rubber /plastic guard

Outer rotating barrel

Sleeve

Integral shut-off

Coupling lug (pin type)

Coupling swivel or non-swivel female base 1 1/2 or 2 1/2 thread *Straight Stream/Fog


33

VARIABLE PRESSURE (Non Automatic) - Nozzle pressure will vary directly as the water being supplied is increased or decreased. Depending on nozzle design, nozzle pressure may or may not be affected by chances in pattern selection

. CONSTANT PRESSURE (Automatic)- nozzle pressure

remains practically constant within the operational limits of the automatic feature of the tip, as the water being supplied is increased or decreased. Changes in pattern selection will not affect nozzle pressure

AUTOMATIC FOG TIPS (FT1 and FT2)

OPERATING PRINCIPLE

The FT-1 and FT-2 tips are automatically adjusting tips, which provide constant flow. A baffle is connected to a spring within the tip housing. As the engine pressure is increased, the baffle moves forward, providing a larger discharge orifice, with a corresponding increase in nozzle flow. The reverse is true if the engine pressure is reduced. Within limits, the nozzle pressure remains constant as the flow increases or decreases.

Operating Ranges:

FT-1: 80-200 gpm @70 - 93 psi FT-2: 85-325 gpm @65 105 psi

The GPM will remain the same during pattern changes (Straight stream through full

fog.).

If insufficient engine pressure is maintained, the tip will automatically adjust, reducing the discharge orifice and reducing the gallons flow while maintaining the same nozzle pressure. The nozzle reaction will decrease. The nozzle will be easier to handle. The stream will appear to be adequate. However since the gallons flow is reduced, the cooling power of the stream will be reduced and the stream will probably not be an acceptable fire-fighting stream.


34

When using, the initial stream pattern selected should be the straight stream position

(all the to the right) and then altered to optimum fog pattern as conditions dictate.

To verify that the FT-1 tip is in the straight stream position, place the index finger into the bore. If the finger can be inserted one-half () the length of the first joint, the tip is in the straight stream position.

To verify that the FT-2 tip is in the straight stream position, place the index

finger into the bore. If the finger can be inserted to the first joint, the tip is in the straight stream position.

In order to prevent an accumulation of foreign matter at the orifice, the FT-1or FT-2

tip should be removed and thoroughly cleaned and flushed after each use. This will remove any sand, grit, pebbles etc. that have entered the nozzle from the hydrant. If any foreign matter cannot be removed, the tip shall be sent to Repairs and Transportation Unit to have such matter removed.

An important characteristic of the FT-1 and FT-2 is that a partial loss of water in the

line does not result in the stream falling short of the target since within either operating range the nozzle will adjust to maintain the tip pressure.

Neither the FT-1 nor FT-2 is equipped with an integral shut-off mechanism. Both

must be attached to a shut-off.

If at any time the reaction at the tip is too great to control, the shut-off may be partially closed down. While this will reduce the water flow, it will also reduce the reaction to a manageable level.

2. NOZZLE MAINTENANCE 2.1 All hose fittings equipment should be regularly examined and cleaned to insure

that they are always in good condition and ready for immediate operational use. 2.2 When cleaning nozzles, particular attention should be given to insuring that all

moving parts operate freely; that any rough edges or projections which might damage the hose are smoothed or removed, and that residue from paint or polish is removed from places where it may tend to block holes, threads or passages, and thus reduce operating efficiency.

2.3 Nozzles should be washed out and thoroughly checked for any defects before

being placed back in service following use. Nozzles should be washed in solution of soap and hot water. Submerge the nozzle and work the mechanism until free movement is obtained, then rinse in water. Nozzles should be examined after use and any obstructions removed.


35

A. Special care must be taken to insure that there is no obstruction in the orifice between the baffle and the rim of fog tips, otherwise poor streams of fog will result.

Also, combination SS/Fog devices shall be placed in straight stream position (turned to the right) at all times when stored on apparatus or in hose bed. This will avoid possible damage to the baffle.

B Tips depend for their efficiency upon the true circular opening of the

outlet orifice and upon an undamaged lip, and care should be taken when cleaning them.

2.4 Nozzle/Tip couplings which, due to damage, cannot be connected without difficulty should be taken out of service until such time as they can be repaired or replaced. A faulty coupling left in service may well be the cause of delay in getting a vitally important line of hose to work on a fire.

2.5 Excessive force should not be used to tighten nozzle components or couplings as

this may damage the washer and cause leakage. 2.6 A light coating of oil should be put on all couplings and moving parts after

cleaning. 2.7 Identifying letters and numbers placed on nozzles and components shall be

stamped on the coupling along the hub, adjacent to the coupling lug. 2.8 Nozzles shall be carried in an accessible position on the apparatus, protected from

damage. Neither the control handles of SOs and FNs, nor the shut-off valve itself shall be used for the purposes of holding or clamping nozzles to holders.

2.9 When using a nozzle, care should be taken not to twist or bend control handles.

Either of these conditions may prevent the control valve from opening fully or may permit the valve to go past the full opening. In both cases the bore would not be fully opened and the result would be a broken stream and/or reduced flow to the fire.

2.10 Nozzle mechanisms should work freely. If for any reason a control sticks, the

nozzle should immediately be taken out of service and sent for repairs. It should never be necessary to hammer a control handle or apply excessive torque, by hand or mechanically, to a rotating type control to make it operate.


36

3. MULTIVERSAL NOZZLE

Figure 6

3.1. NOMENCLATURE AND IDENTIFICATION

Above is a diagram of the Akron New Yorker Multiversal Nozzle with it's parts labeled.

A. Portable Ground Base - The base must be used if the Multiversal Nozzle is

operated in the portable position.

B. Safety Chain - May be used in addition to a utility rope to secure the Multiversal Nozzle when used in the portable ground base.

C. Elevation Control Hand Wheel - Used to raise or lower the elevation of the Multiversal Nozzle. The range of elevation is from 90 degrees above the horizontal to 15 degrees below the horizontal.

D. Safety Stoplock and Release Pin - Prevents lowering the elevation below 35 degrees above the horizontal unless the release pin is pulled. The release pin should be pulled before reaching 35 degrees.

Note: The New Yorker Multiversal is designed with a safety stop at 35 degrees above horizontal to maintain stability. Do not release the elevation stop and operate below that point unless the unit is secured in the truck mount fixture, or is securely restrained by ropes. No operation below the horizontal shall be attempted unless the unit is secured in the truck mount.

To Fire


37

E. Horizontal Friction Lock - When tightened, holds the Multiversal Nozzle

in a stationary position; if released, permits 180 degrees to be traversed horizontally.

F. Locking Plunger - Moves into a recess in the portable ground base or the apparatus truck mount and secures the Multiversal Nozzle to the base or the mount. To remove the multiversal Nozzle from the truck or ground base, the locking plunger is pulled.

G. Locking Plunger Retaining Latch Assembly (bright orange in color) - Prevents the locking plunger from disengaging and so guards against accidental release of the locking plunger while the appliance is being supplied with water.

H. Carry Handle - Used to transport the Multiversal Nozzle to the point of portable operation.

I. Stacked Tips 1 1/4" - 1 1/2" - 2".

J. Siamese - Used to supply the Multiversal Nozzle through two three inch (3") clapper type swivels with F.D.N.Y. threads.

K. Stream Shaper - Straightens the stream and increases reach. 3.2 PORTABLE OPERATION

3.2.1 Removal from Apparatus.

A. Two members shall be used to remove the Multiversal Nozzle

from the apparatus and lower it to the ground.

B. Transportation to Point of Operation:

1. Since the nozzle has a carry handle and is not heavy, only one member is required to carry it to the point of operation.

2. A second member should transport the portable ground

base and a utility rope to the point of operation.

3.2.2 Procedure at Point of Operation.

A. The portable ground base should be placed at the point of operation with the front leg (leg with the safety chain attached) pointing toward the fire or desired point of operation. (Figure 6)

B. The Multiversal Nozzle shall be held with the 2 inlets of the

siamese facing directly to the rear and in line with the front leg of the portable ground base and with the locking plunger directly in line with the front leg. (Figure 6).


38

C. After lifting the locking plunger retaining latch, as shown in Figure 7A, place the Multiversal Nozzle into its portable ground base, pushing down forcefully. As you do this, the lower end of the locking plunger automatically fits into a recess at the top of the ground base. Now drop the retaining latch over the head of the locking plunger, to its proper position. (Figure 7B) The retaining latch prevents the plunger from disengaging and so keeps the nozzle from separating from the ground base .

Figure 7A

Figure 7B

D. After seating the Multiversal nozzle into its portable ground base, locate the notched stud protruding from the tapered post which is visible below the underside of the mount. (Figure 8C) Firmly seat the slide lock (Figure8A) on the stud. Make sure the "T" handle is up. (Figure 8D)


39

Figure 8A

E. To make certain that the nozzle is secure in the ground base, hold the base down with both your feet, putting them on two of its legs (one on each side of the base), and then try to lift the nozzle from the base (without pulling the plunger). Also check that the retaining latch is in position, with its locking swivel placed securely under the head of the locking plunger. (Figure 9A.) Check by pushing up on the retaining latch, being careful not to swivel it out of its proper position. (Figure 9B).

Figure 8B

Figure 8C

Figure 8D

Portable Ground Base T Handle


40

Figure 9A Figure 9B

F. To prevent backward movement of the Multiversal Nozzle, it must be secured in position by means of a utility rope, in the following manner:

1. Place the middle of the rope on top of the siamese, over the

identification plate. (Figure 10A)

2. Bring the two sides of the rope under the siamese and up between the two inlets. (Figure 10B).

3. Bring the two sides of the rope up over the siamese (Figure

10C) and bring each side forward to the large leg of the ground base on each side of the front leg. Make a half hitch on each of these two legs. Note that the hitch must be made as shown in Fig, 11A

Figure 10A Figure 10B Figure 10C


41

Figure 11A Figure 11B

4. Bring the rest of each end of the rope forward, and secure each end to a substantial object which is forward and at an angle to the nozzle, using a clove hitch and binder on the taut part of the rope. The ropes must be taut and all slack removed in order to secure the appliance in a fixed position. (Figure 11B).

5. Remove all slack in the safety chain and secure it to a

substantial object, if one is close enough. The safety chain alone should never be relied on to secure this appliance. A rope is needed.

Note: Do not connect the hose lines to the siamese before tying the required knots, as this would greatly increase the time required to tie the knots.

Substantial Object


42

3.2.3 Supplying the Multiversal Nozzle.

A. The supply inlets of the siamese are provided with two three inch

(3") female swivels.

B. The use of two hose lines to supply the Multiversal Nozzle is recommended. When two hoses are used, bring them straight back a distance of 15 feet from the siamese, parallel to each other, before making any sharp bends or turns in the hose lines.

C. If only one hose line is used, bring it straight back for 15 feet

before making any sharp bends or turns.

D. When the Multiversal Nozzle is being operated in the portable position, do not move the ground base or the 15 feet of supply hose that is closest to the unit, unless the water supply is shut down.

E. When used in the portable ground base, the unit should not be

operated at more than 800 gallons per minute with any type of straight stream or Fog Tip. In order to avoid operating at more than 800 gallons per minute with straight stream tips, the following pressures shall not be exceeded:

1" tip - not more than 100 psi 1" tip - not more than 70 psi 2" tip - not more than 50 psi Note: In regulating pressure, the gauge provided on the Multiversal Nozzle may

be used as a guide.

F. When the supply lines feeding the Multiversal Nozzle are long, so that communication with the engine company chauffeur may be difficult, insert single gate one length from the nozzle. A member can be stationed at these gates to assure that proper pressures are maintained.

G. Taking Up: After each use, the spikes in the portable ground base

shall be inspected. If the flats on the end of the spikes exceed 1/16" in diameter, the spikes must be sharpened or replaced in accordance with the instructions contained in the Manufacturer's Manual, which has been issued to units.


43

3.3 PRECAUTIONS 3.3.1 The Akron New Yorker Multiversal Nozzle shall never be operated in the

portable position unless it is secured in the portable ground base and secured by using the prescribed knots.

3.3.2 Always be sure that the locking plunger, which secures the nozzle to its base, is fully seated. Test it by (1) trying to lift the nozzle from its base and (2) by trying to raise the retaining latch that holds the locking plunger in position, being careful not to swivel it out of it's proper position. If the nozzle can be lifted out of its base or if the retaining latch is not in the proper position, the nozzle is not properly secured in the base.

3.3.3 If for any reason units are unable to secure the Multiversal Nozzle in the

portable ground base, the Multiversal shall be taken out of service and the Repairs and Transportation Unit shall be notified.

3.3.4 After supplying water to the Multiversal Nozzle units shall always make

sure that the entire appliance is fully drained. This is especially important after operating in below freezing temperature because extensive damage can occur if water freezes in the unit.

To drain the appliance, it is necessary to turn it upside down.

3.3.5 The maximum pressure to which any part of this appliance should be

subjected is 200 psi.


44

4. HIGH RISE NOZZLE 4.1 DESCRIPTION FDNY Designation High Rise Nozzle

Material 1 Diameter Aluminum Pipe

Weight Approx 10 lbs

Misc. Standard 2 1/2 shut-off with 1 1/8 MST

T-handle allows members control of the nozzle. 4.2 INTRODUCTION

4.2.1 Experience has shown that members have become caught in wind-driven fires

often with minimal or no warning. Members must remain alert and knowledgeable of the conditions which may cause a wind-driven fire, some examples include: a wind condition blowing toward a fire apartment window, an open window, an open fire apartment door with a high heat and smoke condition on the fire floor. If the equipment and resources are available and wind conditions exist, the high rise nozzle should be placed in position as a precaution even if the need is not immediately evident. Depending upon the fire conditions encountered, if the decision is made to place the high rise nozzle in position, additional resources must be called to the incident. Incident Commanders will have to continually size-up present and expected conditions in making this decision.

4.2.2 The following companies have been issued and trained in the use of the High Rise

Nozzle. The nozzle is carried on their apparatus at all times. Engine Companies: 1, 4, 7, 8, 14, 15, 16, 22, 23, 35, 40, 45, 47, 50, 52, 55, 60, 64, 66, 68, 80, 81, 90, 91, 93, 156, 160, 168, 202, 210, 216, 217, 222, 231, 234, 237, 239, 243, 247, 248, 254, 257, 258, 262, 266, 268, 273, 290, 292, 304, 305, 308, 315, 317, 318, 328

Note: Hi-Rise Unit 1 and E-3 (nozzle is carried on Hi-Rise Unit 1) Hi-Rise Unit 2 and E-39 (nozzle is carried on Hi-Rise Unit 2)

4.2.3 Every Battalion has at least one engine company assigned a hi-rise nozzle and all

FDNY members have been trained in placing the hi-rise nozzle into operation. Dispatch policy dictates that every 10-77 will have at least one hi-rise nozzle equipped engine company assigned. It is the responsibility of the 4th due engine to bring the HRN to the Command Post. If this 4th engine is not equipped with a HRN, the officer shall contact the dispatcher for the identity of the engine company equipped with a HRN assigned on the box. Upon arrival the officer will have the unit bring the HRN, one length of 2 1/2 hose per firefighter and the standpipe kit with controlling nozzle and report in to the IC at lobby command post.


45

4.3 HIGH RISE NOZZLE USE

4.3.1 The high rise nozzle is designed to be used when standard interior handline attack methods are not possible, such as conditions caused by wind-driven fires.

4.3.2 The high rise nozzle may be used as an alternate attack strategy at high rise

multiple dwelling fires in the following situations:

IC has determined that a direct interior attack is not possible. The fire apartment is inaccessible to outside streams including tower

ladders, ladder pipes, apparatus mounted multiversal, or a handline from a window or exterior position that provides access to the fire area.

Any situation where the IC determines the high rise nozzle will be beneficial.

4.4 DESCRIPTION

4.4.1 The high rise nozzle is an eight-foot long aluminum pipe with a 68 degree two-

foot bend to provide the proper angle for the water stream. The high rise nozzle is attached to a standard 2 1/2 FDNY shut-off. The shut-off is permanently attached to the nozzle. There is a T shaped handle that allows members operating the nozzle to control the direction of the stream and maintain control of the nozzle. (Photo 1)

Photo 1 4.4.2 A 1 1/8 MST is attached to the outlet of the high rise nozzle. The tip is

removable and should be checked weekly during MUD and before use. (Photo 2)

Photo 2


46

4.4.3 Supplied by a 2 1/2 hoseline, the high rise nozzle will produce flows of 200-225 gpm at 50 psi nozzle pressure with water flowing. Units must use the standpipe pressure gauge and consider the number of lengths in the supply line. As a general rule when supplying the high rise nozzle with 3 lengths of 2 1/2 hose, the pressure at the outlet gauge should be 70 psi with water flowing and 80 psi when using 4 lengths.

4.4.4 Properly positioned high rise nozzle in operation. (Photo 3)

Photo 3

4.5 PROCEDURE

4.5.1 The high rise nozzle will only be placed into operation at the direction of the IC.

4.5.2 The IC must consider the following when placing the high rise nozzle into operation:

Life hazard. Is the fire inaccessible to outside streams? Intensity and stage of the fire: Wind driven fire creating supercharged fire

conditions in the fire apartment and/or the public hallway. Potential for fire spread via auto exposure. Availability of a Wind Control Device. Sufficient units on scene to deploy the high rise nozzle.

4.5.3 IC shall announce over operating radio frequencies that the high rise nozzle will

be placed into operation. 4.5.4 Ensure all members are alert to the reactions of introducing an exterior stream

into the fire area.


47

4.5.5 A spotter should be in place to observe the operation from the exterior. This member must take a position to clearly observe and monitor the conditions in the fire apartment before, during and after high rise nozzle deployment. Equipped with a handi-talkie on the appropriate frequency and a pair of binoculars, this spotter will provide direction and progress reports to the IC and members operating. The spotter will be in the best position to monitor the effects of the high rise nozzle.

4.5.6 Putting the nozzle into operation will require the services of two engine

companies equipped with roll-ups, standpipe kits, forcible entry tools including a rabbit tool and the high rise nozzle.

4.5.7 Depending on the situation, the 2 1/2 hoseline supplying the high rise nozzle

may have to be stretched from three floors below the fire. Company officers assigned to place the high rise nozzle into operation must consider this to coordinate and ensure a rapid and efficient deployment of this tool. The appropriate number of rolled up lengths of 2 1/2 hose must be brought to the area of deployment.

4.5.8 Companies will have to gain access to the apartment below the fire apartment and

determine which window the high rise nozzle will be operated from. Forcible entry may be required and members must have appropriate tools.

4.5.9 Once the proper window is chosen and opened, impediments such as window bars,

child gates, will have to be removed. In most cases it is not necessary to remove the window to operate the nozzle. Some thermal pane windows are easily removed via clips on the top of the sash.

4.5.10 The supply line must be attached to the high rise nozzle before the nozzle is slid

out on the window sill for use. Firefighters operating the high rise nozzle will use the T-handle to properly position the nozzle for optimum stream placement. The T-handle will allow the firefighters to move the nozzle along the window sill and maintain control.

4.5.11 The officer supervising high rise nozzle use will initiate and maintain hand-talkie

contact with the spotter to make sure the nozzle is being operated effectively and the stream is knocking down the fire.

4.5.12 The key to the rapid extinguishment of a wind-driven fire is putting water directly

on the seat of the fire. If multiple rooms are involved, it will be necessary to reposition the nozzle to ensure complete knockdown of the fire. If this is the situation, start with the window that the wind is blowing into and extinguish the fire in this room first. Then move to the other windows downwind of the original fire room and complete knockdown of the fire.


48

4.5.13 If a wind-driven fire has control of several rooms, it will be necessary to move the high rise nozzle from a window in one room to another window in a separate room to achieve knock down of the fire. If this is the situation, company officers must anticipate and make sure the next window(s) that will be used for operation of the nozzle is cleared of window gates, bars etc., this will speed up the repositioning.

4.5.14 A shut-off shall be placed in line one length back from the nozzle. When

repositioning of the High Rise Nozzle is required, the supply line should be shut down at the shut-off located one length back and the nozzle opened to bleed the line. This will make it easier to move the nozzle and supply line while repositioning. Once in position, the officer supervising nozzle operations will order water started. This officer will then notify the IC that the nozzle is in position and ready to operate. The nozzle will not be operated until the IC has given approval.

4.6 REPAIRS AND REPLACEMENT

4.6.1 If repairs to the High Rise nozzle are required, the company officer shall contact Technical Services Division via phone and request a replacement. The out of service HRN shall be tagged with an RT-2 documenting the nature of the defect.

BY ORDER OF THE FIRE COMMISSIONER AND CHIEF OF DEPARTMENT

PART ONEHOSESection Title Page1 SPECIFICATIONS 1PART 1: HOSE1.6 Lightweight Standpipe HosePART TWOSection Title Page1 INTRODUCTION. .. 19PART THREEAPPLIANCESSection Title Page1 Nozzles .29BY ORDER OF THE FIRE COMMISSIONER AND CHIEF OF DEPARTMENT

Date post:	02-Oct-2015
Category:	Documents
Upload:	hualy-delgado
View:	19 times
Download:	1 times

11 Engine Tools Appliances Fdny

Documents