Microorganisms and their effect on living things

1.1 Classification of microorganisms

Manniseh Yakun

Microorganisms are small living things that can only be seen through microscope

Microorganisms can be found anywhere on earth Some microorganism are useful to human, some

are harmful Can be classified into

Size Shape Method of reproduction Nutrition Habitat

Classification of microorganisms

Bacteria

Bacteria

Size 0.5 – 10 μm, unicellular

Shape Do not have true nucleus, have no nuclear membrane Coccus, bacillus, vibro, spirillum

Bacteria

Method of reproduction Asexual reproduction trough binary fission

Nutrition Parasites, saprophytes or autotrop to obtain nutrient

Bacteria

Habitat Water Air Soil Plants Animals

Viruses

Viruses

Size Smallest microorganisms, seen using electron miroscope 0.02-0.4 μm

Shape Don’t have cytoplasm, nucleus and membrane cell The body covered with protein capsule

Viruses

Method of reproduction Don’t show the living characteristic No breathing, eating and excreting But go through reproduction process in living

cell (host) by duplicating

Duplicating process of virus

Viruses

Nutrition Parasites causing disease Not eat, but using nutrient to duplicates (replication)

Habitat Living cells

Fungi

Fungi Size

10-100μm Can seen using magnifying glass or light microscope.

Shape Plant that have cell wall and nuclei but don’t have

root stem and leaves

Fungi

Method of reproduction-asexual Spore formation Budding process

Fungi

Nutrition Saprophytes – enzymes secretes to digest organic

substance and absorbed through their hyphae Parasites - obtain food from living organism

Habitat Dark and damp

Protozoa

Protozoa

Size - Unicellular 5-250 μm Shape

Aquatic organism single cell Have nucleus and cytoplasm covered with cell membrane Have cilia to move

Protozoa

Method of reproduction Amoeba and Paramecium – binary fission (asexual) Paramecium – Conjugation ( Sexual)

Protozoa

Nutrition Saprophytes – Amoeba and Paramecium Parasites – Plasmodium (cause malaria)

Habitat Aquatic habitats Damp places, living cells

Algae

Algae Size

1- 10000μm Seaweeds can seen with naked eyes

Shape Like plant cell, cellulose cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm,

chloroplast Don’t have stem, roots and true leaves

Algae

Method of reproduction Asexual reproduction by binary fission Sexual reproduction through conjugation as

spirogyra

Nutrition Have chlorophyll undergoes photosynthesis,

autotrops, producer in food chain

Habitat Damps area and receive sunlight

Complete this table….

Bacteria Viruses Fungi Protozoa Algae

Size

Shape

Reproduction Method

Nutrition

Habitat