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11/21/11 A/B DayLEQ: How can neutrons and electrons affect the characteristics of an atom?
1. What is an isotope? 2. How do we find the number of neutrons in an atom?3. How many protons and neutrons does He-5 have?4. Which atom has more mass? N-14 or N-16?5. Explain your answer for # 4! How did you know?!
Let’s Review: UNSCRAMBLE!
Protons =
Electrons = Neutrons =
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
NEUTRAL
Let’s Review: UNSCRAMBLE!
Protons = POSITIVE
Electrons = NEGATIVE Neutrons = NEUTRAL
LET’S REVIEW: N-14
Protons =
Electrons = Neutrons =
7
7
7
PROTONS ELECTRONS
+++++++
-------
Normal Nitrogen Atom: Equal # of protons and electrons
LETS REVIEW: DRAWING ELECTRONSHelium (He) Nitrogen (N) Sodium (Na)
Period: Period: Period:
Ring(s): Ring(s): Ring(s):
1 2 3
1 2 3
How do we know how many electrons fit in each ring?
COUNT!1st Period =
2nd Period =
3rd Period =
2
8
8
Today’s LEQ: How can neutrons and electrons affect the characteristics of an atom?
By the end of today, you should be able to…
1. Model isotopes when given a specific atomic mass
2. Model ions when given specific charge
3. Tell the charge of a diagram of an atom
Focus Vocabulary:
66. Isotope67. Ion68. Valence Electron
ION
ION
Atom with a different number of electrons; has a + or — CHARGE
PROTONS ELECTRONS
+++++++
-------
Normal Nitrogen Atom: Equal # of protons and electrons
PROTONS ELECTRONS
+++++++
------
Nitrogen ION: NITROGEN ATOM THAT HAS EITHER GAINED OR LOST ELECTRONS
Missing Electrons!
NORMAL NITROGEN
NITROGEN ION
Protons: 7Neutrons: 7
Electrons: 7
Protons: 7Neutrons: 7
Electrons: 6
NORMAL NITROGEN
NITROGEN ION
Protons: 7Neutrons: 7
Electrons: 7
Protons: 7Neutrons: 7
Electrons: 8
BrainPop-Ions
Draw this in your notes…VALENCE ELECTRONS: ELECTRONS IN THE OUTERMOST RING
HOW MANY VALENCE ELECTRONS?
HOW MANY VALENCE ELECTRONS?
HOW MANY VALENCE ELECTRONS?
Which one is the ion?HELIUM
Which one is the ion?LITHIUM
ION
Which one is the ion?FLOURINE
ION
ION
Atom with a different number of electrons
N1+ = nitrogen that LOST one valence electron N2- = nitrogen that GAINED two valence electrons
Copy this in your notes…
N2-ELEMENT SYMBOL
ATOM’S CHARGE
Finding the CHARGE of an ION:
1.Draw a T-Chart
2.Count the protons
3.Count the electrons
4.Calculate the charge!
What is the charge of each atom?HELIUM
++
--
CHARGE: 0
ION? NO!
What is the charge of each atom?HELIUM
++
-
CHARGE: 1+
ION? YES!
What is the charge of each atom?LITHIUM
CHARGE: 0
---
+++
ION? NO!
What is the charge of each atom?LITHIUM
---
CHARGE: 1+
+++
ION? YES!
What is the charge of each atom?FLOURINE
---------
CHARGE: 0+++++++++
ION? NO!
What is the charge of each atom?FLOURINE
----------
CHARGE: -1+++++++++
ION? YES!
In your notebook:
1. Protons Electrons
Charge: Ion:
2. Protons Electrons
1. Protons: 6 Electrons: 5 Charge: 1+ Ion: YES
2. Protons: 8 Electrons: 8 Charge: 0 Ion: NO
3. Protons: 10 Electrons: 10 Charge: 0 Ion: NO
4. Protons: 16 Electrons: 18 Charge: 2- Ion: YES
5. Protons: 2 Electrons: 1 Charge: 1+ Ion: YES
6. Protons: 11 Electrons: 10 Charge: 1+ Ion: YES
7. Protons: 9 Electrons: 9 Charge: 0 Ion: NO
8. Protons: 5 Electrons: 7 Charge: 2- Ion: YES
9. Protons: 18 Electrons: 16 Charge: 2+ Ion: YES
10. Protons: 3 Electrons:3 Charge: 0 Ion? No
Summarizer:
1. What is an ion?2. What happens to an atom when it gains an
electron?3. What happens to an atom when it loses an
electron?4. A carbon atom has 8 electrons. Is it an ion?5. A nitrogen atom has 5 electrons. What is its
charge?