27April,2016

115KV/34.5KVSOLARPLANT/SUBSTATIONCHASEBENTON: TEAMLEADERSENKODIZDAREVIC: COMMUNICATIONLEADERARIFIBRAHIM: WEBMASTERMAKOKOMUKUMBILWA: KEYCONCEPTHOLDER

SPONSOR/CLIENT: BLACK&VEATCH– ADAMLITERSKI,RAHULRAMANANADVISOR: DR.VENKATARAMANAAJJARAPU

Disclaimer:LogosandgraphicsareregisteredtrademarksofBlack&Veatch.Usedherewithpermission.

• ProjectOverview(Scope)• Deliverables• Specification(Parameters)• SolarPowerPlantDesign• SubstationDesign• Simulations

AGENDA

• PlantLocation• Iowa• Choosebestlocation

• 60MWSolarPowerPlant• Plant/componentsizing• Plantlayout• ProductionSimulation

• Attached115kV/34.5kVSubstation• Substationone-linedrawings• Substationthree-linedrawings

PROJECTOVERVIEW

• Solarpowerplantlayoutandconductorsizing• Plantandsubstationcomponentconnections• Substationone-line/three-linedrawings• Drawinglist• Productionsimulationdata• Engineeringmanhourbudgetandschedule• ProjectpresentationtoBlack&Veatch

DELIVERABLES

• Location:Iowa• FixedRack325WHanwhaQCellssolarmodules• 1670kWEatonXpert inverter• 1500VDCstringvoltage• ≈1.30InverterLoadRatio(ILR)

• Substationspecificationdocument• Arcadiasinglelinediagram• ANSIstandarddevicenumbers

SOLARPLANTREQUIREDSPECIFICATIONS

SUBSTATIONREQUIREDSPECIFICATIONS

325WHANWHAQCELLSSOLARMODULE

PhototakenatB&Vengineeringoffice.

• UsingtheIowaenergycentersolarcalculatortool

• Areamostsuitable:SouthwestIowa*• ButweareusingAmes/BooneareaduelackoftemperaturedatainSWIowa

SOLARPOWERPLANTLOCATION

SOLARPOWERPLANTAREA– CALCULATION

ARRAYPARAMETERTOOL

AbsoluteMinTemp

ModuleDimensions

DesiredTilt/Azimuth

Stringsize

Modulevoc&Isc

TempCoefficient

InverterACCapacity

DesiredSpacing

Corrected StringVoltageCombinerBoxCurrent

TotalDCCapacity

InverterLoadRatio

TiltAdjustedDimensions

GroundCoverageRatio

TotalACCapacity

ArrayP

aram

eter

Tool

SINGLERACKDETAIL

• 36totalarrays• Components– perarray

• 118racksperinverter• 11combinersperinverter• 12rackspercombiner*• 2stringsperrack• 28modulesperstring• 6608modulesperarray

• Spacing– perarray• 12ft betweenrows• 16ft inverteraccessroadinthemiddle

SOLARPOWERPLANTDESIGN– ONEARRAY551.04ft

91.84ft12.63ft

1

2

3

508.69ft4

516.00ft

6 7

8

9

10

11

12.00ft

LegendRack CombinerBoxwithidentificationnumber

InverterSkid--NottoScale Inverter/Step-upXformer

DETAILEDSOLARARRAY−AUTOCAD

• Irradiancecorrectionfactorof1.25−NEC690(A)(1)• Continuouscurrentcorrectionof1.25−NEC690(B)(1)• UsedNEC310guidelinestosizeconductorsforsolarpowerplant

• ReferencedNEC310Table300.50forminimumburialdepthrequirements

• Conductorselection−NECTable310.15(B)(16) andTable310.15(B)(17) guidelines.

SOLARARRAYCONDUCTORSIZING

ConductorsRevised:Conductors MaxIsc(A) Type Material Temp(degC) AWG CableRating(A) MinimumDepth FuseStringConductor 14.75 FreeAir Copper 75 12 35 NA 15RacktoCB-Jumper 29.5 FreeAir Copper 75 10 50 NA 30CBtoInverter-DCfeeder 354 Buried Aluminum 75 700 375 30inch 355XformertoCollector 116 Buried Aluminum 75 1\0 120 36inch (*)

SUBSTATIONSYSTEMBLOCKDIAGRAM

COLLECTOR

FEEDER

KEYPROTECTION

KEYPROTECTION

• 3PhaseACSchematics• DCSchematics:Air-BreakerBypassSwitches(ABS),SEL-451(PrimaryRelay),SEL-351(Feeder&BackupRelay)

• Communication(RTU,Router,RLHCardandEthernetSwitches)

• ACandDCLoadCenters• PanelElevations

SUBSTATION3LINEDRAWINGS

ACTHREELINEDRAWING

PRIMARYRELAYDCDRAWING

SOLARPOWERPLANTLAYOUT237,888panels– 36arrays– 60MWac – 240acres

ANNUALSOLARRADIATION

EXPECTEDPRODUCTION

HelioScopeSimulation:99.73millionkWh/yearComparison:OlmedillaPVPark(60MW):87.5 millionkWh/year

ESTIMATEDSYSTEMLOSSESSolarpowerlosses17.9%of77.3MWp

Helioscope Simulation

• Projectedcost:PVWatts Estimate• Solarpowerplant−$ 255,134,880• $4.25Million/MW• Substation−$20,000,000• Grandtotal−$275,134,880

• FORCOMPARISON:TopazPVPlant• $2.5Billion• 550MW• $4.53Million/MW

PVPLANTCOST

MANHOURBUDGET115 kV / 34.5 kV Solar Power Plant / Substation

StartWeekBreak Projected Overrun BillableHours

Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16Aug Sep Sep Sep Sep Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Dec Dec31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30 7 14 Tasks/Assignements

Meetings-client & advisorsAssigntasks/beginresearch

5 Teamroles/advisorsmeetings1 Discussprojectscopewithclient

0 Solarplantsizedetermination

2 ProjectPlanV1DesigndocumentV1Solararrayparameters

L Solararraylayout

L Solarplantconductors

A Substationone-linedrawings

F Substationthree-linedrawingsProjectPlanV2DesignDocumentV2PresentationslidesandrehearsalFacultypresentationFinalizedeliverables

SUM

HoursBudget 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 15.0 15.0 30.0 0.0 40.0 10.0 2.0 267.0

HoursActual 4.0 10.0 8.5 16.5 25.0 16.5 44.0 37.0 24.0 16.0 18.0 31.5 0.0 59.0 29.5 1.0 340.5

%ofBudget 80 100 85 165 125 83 220 123 80 107 120 105 0 148 3 1 127.5

StartWeekBreak Projected Overrun BillableHours

Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16StartDate Jan Jan Jan Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Mar Mar Mar Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr

11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 Tasks/AssignementsMeetings-client & advisors

6 Fall2015review

1 3-lineacdrawings

0 3-line89drawings

2 3-linebankdrawings3-linebudrawing3-linecommdrawings

G 3-linedcdrawings/ethernet

N 3-linefeederdrawings

I DesigndocumentV3

R Optimization

P Presentationpreperation

S BVpresentationIRPpresentation

SUM

HoursBudget 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 8.0 15.0 0.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 20.0 2.0 165.0

HoursActual 7.5 18.5 19.5 17.5 4.5 9.0 16.5 23.0 41.5 0.0 8.5 24.0 34.0 19.0 25.0 2.0 270.0

%ofBudget 94 231 244 219 56 90 165 288 277 0 85 120 170 190 125 100 163.6

Jan11,2016

Aug31,2015

StartDate

BLACK&VEATCH VISIT

Overland Park,Kansas

• Industryterminology

• LackofexperiencewithAutoCAD

• Teamcommunicationsassociatedwithtrackinglargenumberofdrawingandparameterrevisions.

• FamiliaritywithNECcoderegulations

• Lackofsolarpanelparameterknowledge.Suchasstringvoltagelimitations,MPP,temperatureaffectsofonpanelvoltage.

• Lackofface-to-facemeetingswithclient/mentor.

INITIALCHALLENGESANDDIFFICULTIES

• Designprocessbookkeepingandmanhourbudget.• Solarpowergenerationparameters.• HowtomaximizeutilizationofinvertersbyincreasingDCcapacityaboveinverterratings.

• Designmodularityintosolararraystoallowflexibilityofplacement.

• Experiencewithsubstationrelaycircuitry&communicationcircuitry.

• ImportanceofNECCodecompliance.•Minimizingcost−usealuminumforlargeconductors,minimizespace.

• SimulationofexpectedkWhproduction.

WHATWELEARNED– QUICKSUMMARY

QUESTIONS?