11_WINDRESOURCEASSESSMENTININDIA

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WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA


E. SreevalsanCentre for Wind Energy Technology

Ch i INDIAhennai, INDIA

C-WET was set up in 1998 as an Autonomous Organization under theMinistry. It is registered under the Tamil Nadu Societies Registration Act.

To serve as a Technical Focal Point for promoting Wind Power development

CWET _OBJECTIVES

To serve as a Technical Focal Point for promoting Wind Power developmentin India.

To coordinate and support Research and Development programmes in WindPower systems.

To analyse and assess wind resources and prepare Wind Energy DensityMap, Wind Atlas and reference wind data.

To develop procedures for Testing & carry out testing; prepare Standards forCertification of Wind Power systems.

To accord Type Approval / Type Certification conforming to InternationalStandards.

To undertake Human Resource Development in wind energy sector.


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WindResourceAssessmentUnitinCWET

9 Expertisein

LargeScalescreeningofsitesandidentifyingwindylocations

ErectionandcommissioningofWindMonitoringStations

DataCollectionandAnalysis

MicrolevelRegionalWindAssessment

Micrositing ofWindTurbineGenerators

Design&LayoutofWindfarms

TechnicalduediligenceofProductionEstimateofenergy

Preparationof

Tender

Documents

for

Wind

farm

development

WindResource

Assessment

Unit

9 StateoftheArttools

Multilevelwindmasts

Sensors &Dataloggingsystems

Workstation, GPS,Camera,etc.

GSMconnectivity

SODAR

SoftwareWindographer

WAsP,WAsPEngineering,WindPRO,ReSoftWindFarm,

Meteodyne,WindSim

Surfur,Origin,MATLAB,ArcViewGIS


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PROSPECTING REFERENCES IN INDIA

STATE WISE METEOROLOGICAL REPORT PUBLISHED BYINDIA METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENTWIND ENERGY DATA FOR INDIA , ANNAMANI et al. (1983)SURVEY OF INDIA MAP TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP ( 1 : 50000 Scale,

LAND USE LAND COVER MAP, SATELLITE IMAGES From NRSC

VALIDATION

National Wind Resource Assessment Programme Since 1986

Initially 20 m mast height

Currently 80 m, 100m and 120 m.

More than 650 stationsWind Energy Resource Survey Volumes I to VIIWind Power Density map of Measured regionIndian Wind Atlas


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OPIMISATION- MICROSURVEY

Observational wind atlas (WAsP)

InputsMeasured time-series

wind speed

wind direction

Terrain Features

Elevation (Orography)

Digitised maps

SRTM

Roughness

NRSA satellite images

Google Earth

SOImaps & Site visits

Obstacles

NRSA satellite images

oog e art

Site visits

OutputsRegional Wind Climate for the a given location


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Inputs for WAsP (wind data)

Wind Data

Second wind RAW data

Indigenous Second Wind Software compatible with WAsP

Output of the Second wind software as *.TAB fileOutput of the Second wind software as OWC file

Inputs for WAsP (other inputs)


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WAsP Analysis

Outcome of WRA projects

233potentialsitesforwindfarmingareidentified

Winddata(Timeseries)formorethan500 locations

Wind Energy Resource Survey . 7 Volumes

(Two volumes have been published by CWET. 8th volume is beingpublished )

Indian Wind Atlas

105 Micro Survey Reports (105) with 1 km resolution

Micrositin &duedili ence Morethan2000MW 70 ro ects

Numerical Wind Atlas with 5 km resolution ( .lib)


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WIND TURBINE ASSESSMENT

Wind resource assessmentAnnual Energy Estimation

WindSpeed(m/s)

Hours/Year

0 0.01 434.42 823.4

3 1,098.64 1,228.7

1100

1200

1300

GE 1.5xle - 1.5 MW

1400

1600

5 1,216.56 1,092.37 900.88 687.5

9 487.910 323.011 200.012 115.9

13 63.014 32.115 15.4

16 6.917 2.918 1.219 0.420 0.2

21 0.1

22 0.023 0.0

24 0.0

25 0.0

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26

Wind Speed (m/s)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

Wind Speed (m/s)

TurbineOutput(kW)

26 0.0

Speed Frequency Distribution Wind Turbine Power Curve:Output As a Function of Speed

Wind Direction Rose

Annual capacity factor =

(Actual energy produced during year) / (capacity *

8760)


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Prevalentwinddirection thekey

Turbines closer

Turbines fartherTurbines farther

WRD 17

Turbines closer

Micrositing


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Standard correction factors1 Grid availability

2 Machine availability

3 Electrical losses

The annual energy production

4 Air density correction

Uncertainty factors)

1 Wind Measurement ( sensors, mounting etc),

2 Inter annual variation

3 Extrapolation (vertical l)

4 Extrapolation (horizontal)

npu e accuracy ro rap y ou ness

6 Power curve

RSS Value 7-20 %

Wind Power Class ( SITE ASSESSMENT)A w ay o f q ua nt if yi ng t he s tr en gt h o f t he w in d a t a p ro je ct s it e b as ed o n p ow e r d en si tya t a n e le va ti on o f 5 0 m a gl ..T he D ep ar tm en t o f E ne rg ys N atio na l R en ew ab le E ne rg y L ab or ato ry d ef in es th ewind class at a site on a scale from 1 to 7 (1 being low and 7 b eing high) based ona ve ra ge w in d s pe ed a nd p ow er d en si ty t o o ff er g ui da nc e t o p ot en ti al d ev el op er s a s t owhere wind projects might be feas ible.


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WIND RESOURCEPOTENTIAL WPDat m/sat50m

SITE ASSESSMENT WIND POWER CLASS

CLASS

1 POOR 0200 0.05.6

2 MARGINEL 200300 5.66.4

3 MODERATE 300400 6.47.0

4 GOOD 400500 7.07.5

5 EXCELLENT 500600 7.58.0

6 EXCELLENT 600800 8.08.8

7 EXCELLENT >800 >8.8

WPD W/m2 CF %

200-250 17-22

250-300 22-26

300-400 26-30

WPD VS ENERGY

450

500

R = 0.4994

R = 0.4688

R = 0.5088

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

W

P

DSeries1

Expon. (Series1)

Linear (Series1)

Power (Series1)

00 10 20 30 40

CF


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MODELINGTechniques

PhysicalModeling

NumericalModeling

Meso (spatialresolution,52000km,)MesoMap,KAMM.MM5,MC2)

Micro(lessthan1km),

(WAsP,

WindSim,

Meteodyn,

SiteWind)

WindPotentialoftheCountryat50mlevelwith5kmresolution(MesoScale

Indian Wind Atlas

Assessment) Windystatesarevalidated(Availableforpublic)49GW with0.5to2

%landavailabilty

WindPotentialoftheCountryat80mlevelwith5kmresolution(MesoScale

Assessment))100GWwith1to2%landavailabilty NotValidated Sonotmade

availableforpublic.

METHODOLOGY

KAMMMesoscale model:SimulatedWindClimatesNumericalWindAtlas.

WAsPMicroscale model:ObservedWindClimatesObservedWindAtlas.

1. WindAtlas Book (Mesoscalewindresourcemap,Microscaledetailsof50stations,Detailsof windcharacteristicsof 517locations,detailsofcyclones,LongtermNCEP/NCAR

dataetc.,)

2. SimulatedWindClimatesNumericalWindAtlasfileforevery5km.inDigitalform.


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WIND RESOURCES IN INDIA

Output of KAMM Analysis (.lib file)


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2.OBJECTIVES:

ASSESSMENT OF WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL AT 100m level in INDIA

1. Windspeedmapat100mlevel

2. Windpowerdensitymapat100m

3. Windenergy(kWhorCF)mapat100m

4. EstimateInstallable(ConstrainedTechnical)Potential

5. Investment grade potential Assessment

3.METHODOLOGY

PreparationofStateWiseWindAtlas&Estimationofpotentialat80/100mlevel.

ASSESSMENT OF WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL AT 100 m level in INDIA

Phase1.Usingexisting Numericalwindatlas (.libfile)andObservedWindClimate

(.libfileoranyothersimilarfiles)generatemicroscalewindatlaswithhigher

resolution. Oneyear(Interimreport)

Phase2.UsingGIStools,estimate technicalpotential,constrainedpotential1Year, 4

months(Interimreport)

Phase3.Validationoftheresultswith actualmeasurements.Forthatitisproposedto

install75numbersof 100manemometrywithGPRSsystemsacross7states.

Microlevel Investmentgrade potentialAssessment)Energymapsforselectedsites.

Domainsize withmaximumrequiredspatialandverticalresolution.


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WIND POWER DENSITY MAP AT 80 M LEVEL

3A METHODOLOGY- Phase 1

PreparationofStatewise Windatlashigherspatialresolution

(MesoScaleMap + Surfacelevelmeasureddata

MethodologyforRealisticAssessmentwithGIS

tool

RAW METEOROLOGICAL

3 B. METHODOLOGY- Phase 2

POTENTIAL

TECHNICALPOTENTIAL

CONSTRAINEDPOTENTIAL

ECONOMICALLYCOMPETATIVEPOTENTIAL


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MethodologyforRealisticAssessmentwithGIS

tool



Validationoftheresultswith actualmeasurements.


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Thank you

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