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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD

MEASURING INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

RIGHTS IN THE PHILIPPINES:

THE METAGORA EXPERIENCE

Presented byBenjamin Y. Navarro

Regional HeadNational Statistical Coordination Board

Cordillera Administrative Region


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A Pilot Study on the Diagnosis of

Indigenous Peoples Rights to

Ancestral Domains and Ancestral

Lands in the Philippines


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PROJECT OBJECTIVES

To develop methods and

statistical tools, combining

quantitative and qualitative

approaches that will

diagnose and measure the

rights of indigenous peoples

to their ancestral domains

and ancestral lands.

Areas Covered

Perceptions and

awareness Violations andrealization

Measures

Mechanisms

Rights Focused on:

Rights to Ancestral

Domains

Rights To Ancestral Lands


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SCOPE : RIGHTS COVERED IN THE STUDY

RIGHTS TO ANCESTRAL DOMAINS

Right of ownership

Right to develop lands and natural resources

Right to stay in the territories

Right in case of displacement

Right to regulate entry of migrants

Right to safe and clean air and waterRight to claim parts of reservations

Right to resolve conflict

RIGHTS TO ANCESTRAL LANDS

Right to transfer land/propertyRight of redemption

Source: Republic Act No. 8371(Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of1997/IPRA)


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Funding: Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment (OECD)

Partner Implementing Organization (PIO) : Commission

on Human Rights of the Philippines (CHRP)

Strategic Partners:National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)

National Statistics Office (NSO)

National Commission for Indigenous Peoples (NCIP)

Statistical Research and Training Center (SRTC)

Others: ESCRAsia, PhilRIGHTs and the academe

The Partners


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REGION 1

BAGO TRIBE

Sugpon, Ilocos Sur

No. of hhs: 150

REGION CAR

KANKANA-EY TRIBE

Kibungan, Benguet

No. of hhs: 250

REGION IIBUGKALOT TRIBE

Qurino, Nueva Vizcaya,

Aurora & Region III

No. of hhs: 350

TOTAL SAMPLE SIZE: 750

COVERAGE: Tribes and Households


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PROJECT &SURVEYOBJECTIVES

METHODOLOGY

SURVEY DESIGN

FIELDOPERATIONS

FGD OPERATIONS

FINDINGS

Quantitative

approach

Qualitative

approach

CONSULTATIONS

Project Implementation Process


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Tools ProducedSurvey Questionnaire in English

Translated versions of Questionnaire in

Bugkalot, Kankana-ey and Ilocano

Languages

Manual for Interviewers

FGD Guide and Reporting Sheets

Manual of Survey Field Operations

Pilot Study Outputs


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Perceptions and awareness

Violations/Realization of rights

Measures

Mechanisms

Results in 4 Major Areas


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Perceptions On and Awareness

of the Rights to AncestralDomains and Ancestral Lands

PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES


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FINDINGS: PERCEPTIONS AND AWARENESS

SURVEY Bug Kan Bag

Right of ownership 95.7 94.8 89.3

Right in case of displacement 38.9 72.4 68.7

Right to regulate entry of

migrants89.4 95.2 92.0

Right to develop lands andnatural resources

99.4 100.0 98.0

Right to safe and clean water 99.4 100.0 98.0

Right to claim parts of

reservations71.7 68.4 59.3

Right to resolve conflict 84.9 92.8 73.3

With full possession, IPs can

be said to fully enjoy their

rights as human beings.

93.7 92.0 86.7

FGD

Right of ownership, to

develop lands andnatural resources and

to stay in territories

well understood. Low

or no awareness of

other rights listedunder IPRA.

CONSULTATIONS

We owned the lands

since time immemorial.

We deserve to haveaccess to water inside

our ancestral domain.


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Perceptions On and Awareness of the Rightsto Ancestral Domains and Ancestral Lands

Percentage of households who are aware of the rights


89.395.7 94.8

68.7

38.9

72.4

92 89.4 95.2

Right of ownership Right in case of

displacement

Right to regulate

entry of migrants

Bago

Bugkalot

Kankanaey


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Perceptions On and Awareness of the Rightsto Ancestral Domains and Ancestral Lands

Percentage of households who are aware of the rights

96.795.798

93.3 93.197.2

59.3

71.7

68.7

74

84.9

93.2

Right to develop lands

and natural resources

Right to safe and clean

water

Right to claim parts of

reservations

Right to resolve conflict

Bago

Bugkalot

Kankanaey


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Perceptions On and Awareness of the Rights

to Ancestral Domains and Ancestral Lands

Percentage of households who believe that

with full possession and ownership of their ancestral

domains and ancestral lands, IPs can be said to fully

enjoy their rights as human beings

86.7

94

92.0

Bago

Bugkalot

Kankanaey


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ANALYSIS

Realization of the Rights

of Indigenous Peoplesto Ancestral Domains

and Ancestral Lands



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Realization of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples on

Ancestral Domain and Ancestral Lands


KANKANAEY TRIBE

71.7

21.7

Thru Inheritance /

since time immemorial

Thru Purchase

How land was acquiredPercentage of households byownership of land

Don't

Know

1%

Not Own25%

Own

74%


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Realization of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples on

Ancestral Domain and Ancestral Lands

For Households Owning the Land:

Having a title to the land

(Yes / No / Dont know)

For Households with Title

to the Land:

Evidence of ownership

3.2

43.5

53.2

Don't Know

No

Yes

CLOA

15.2%

CLT

25%

Tax Decl./Realty

Tax Rcpts

44%

CADT

3%

Native Title

1%

CALT

1%Torrens Title

1%


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Duties and Obligations of IPs

Utilization of Land


70.7

14.04.7

22.7

92.6

2.60 0.3

93.6

1.6 1.2 1.2

Bago Bugkalot / Ilongot Kankanaey

Cultivation by Self or Family Members Renting/Leasing Out to Others

Left Idle/Not Being Utilized Others


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E. Violations of IPs Rights

Violations Of Rights To Ancestral Domain And Land


13.2

8.8

12.0

6.0

8.4

Percentage of Househo lds w ho Experienced

the Different Forms o f Violations

Encroachment

Pollution

Illegal Entry

Displcmt/Reloc

Others

Don't Know

23%

No response

5%

Experienced

violations

36%

Not

experienced

violations

37%


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Has Land Been Taken Away?


E. Violations of IPs Rights

How Taken Away

Others

17%By Force

22%

Gov't and

Private

Sector

Projects

0%By Fraud /

Deceit

61%

By WhomGovernment

0% Private orgs

5.6%

Council of

Elders/

Leaders

0%Private

individuals

94.4%

Others

39%

0

0.8

91.5

7.3

No response

Don't Know

No

Yes

PHILIPPINE METAGORA


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ANALYSIS

On Measures

for Grievance and Redress


PHILIPPINE METAGORA


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H. Measures to Protect IPs Rights

AWARENESS OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND SERVICES

84.0 84.0

78.875.6

68.4 68.0

57.6

50.4

43.6 43.2

DSWD DOH DENR DA DepEd LGU NSO DAR NCIP CHR



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PHILIPPINE METAGORA:


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H. Measures to Protect IPs Rights

NON-GOVERNMENT ENTITIES BEING SOUGHT FOR ASSISTANCE ON LAND ISSUES


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

NGOs Private

Companies

Churches Political Leaders Professional

Groups

Media

Bago

Bugkalot

Kankanaey



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Measures to Facilitate Realization of IPs Rights

RANK OF CURRENT PRIMARY NEEDS OF COMMUNITIES


Adequate Food

Housing

Water System

Livelihood/Employment

Education

Health Facilities/Services

Social Insurance

Security/Peace & Order 6.9

2.4

3.5

3.1

4.5

5.1

4.9

6.4

6.4

4.8

6.4

7.1

1.8

3.7

4.4

3.1

3.8

5.5

6.9

Bago Bugkalot Kankanaey

1.5

3.2

3.9

4.4

5.0



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ANALYSIS

On Mechanisms to Protect

IP Rights


FINDINGS: MECHANISMS


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ORGANIZATIONS/INSTITUTIONS WHERE LAND ISSUES

AND PROBLEMS ARE DISCUSSED AND RESOLVED

- 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0

No response

Don't Know

Others

Barangay Council/Lupon

Bodong Holders/Peace Pact Bodies

Council of Elders/Tribal Leaders

None


FINDINGS:MECHANISMS



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Mechanisms For Grievance/Redress

40.8 40.8

0.4

Yes No No response

Gone to Any Organizations / Institutions

60.8

37.3

1.0

Dont Know

No

Yes

Participated in Discussions /

Decision Making Process

GOMEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES

KANKANAEY

FINDINGS: MECHANISMS


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MODE OF RESOLUTION OF LAND ISSUES /CONFLICTS

FINDINGS:MECHANISMS

-0.3

-2.0

3.14.0

0.70.6

3.2

39.370.934.0

34.712.0

49.6

22.712.08.8

Referred to right

government institution

Amicable settlement

Customary Laws

Others

Don't Know

No Response




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Conclusions

MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES

The survey tool developed is effective

and viable.

The survey findings are applicable tothe local tribes surveyed, but not to

the IPs nationwide.

The survey results can be used in

policy formulation and programidentification.

Conclusions


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Bottom up approach allowing free,

active and meaningful participation of

IPs generates useful findings for

advocacy of IP rightsamonggovernance stakeholders

ON METHODOLOGY AND TOOLS

Conclusions

Conclusions


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Rights based governance indicators for

guarantee of respect, protection and

fulfillment of IP rights can be generatedusing a combination of quantitative

(SURVEY) and qualitative (FGD)

approaches in evidenced-based study

of IP Rights.

ON METHODOLOGY AND TOOLS

Conclusions

Recommendations


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The participatory bottom up approach in

surveys of ICCs/IPs should be adopted

in any effort to diagnose, assess orevaluate IP rights .

ON IP INDICATORS AND DATASETS

Recommendations

Recommendations


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A complementary combination of

quantitative and qualitative approaches

in diagnosing human rights, governanceand democracy shows potentials for

discovery of indicators for democratic

rights based governance.


Recommendations

Recommendations


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Replicate the study on other IPs in otherethnographic regions within the countryto provide evidenced-based data that

would become useful inputs to inclusionof more IP data in future censuses ofthe Philippine population.

This would be a government guarantee

on the rights of IPs/ICCs to berecognized as a distinct sector ofPhilippine society


Recommendations

References


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2005 Pilot Study on the Diagnosis of Indigenous Peoples

Rights to Ancestral Domains and Ancestral Lands in thePhilippines (main report and annex tables)

Quantitative Findings and Analysis of Pilot Survey of

Indigenous Peoples, Philippine METAGORA project,

presented by Dir. Lina V. Castro, NSCB, July 2005

(powerpoint presentation)

Measuring Indigenous Peoples: Rights in the Philippines:

Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches presented by

Atty Anita M. Chauhan, PhD., CHR, October 2005

(powerpoint presentation)

References


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Thank You

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